as the concept mapping to a FN frame than more specific concept, since a general concept subsumes all specific concepts. If there is part-whole relationship between two candidates, the part concept is less likely to be considered the concept mapping to a FN frame. The reason is that the whole concept includes the part concepts. The GO mapping candidates were first collected **automatically by evaluating concept names. Then they are returned as the mappings if**
a candidate is neither a subclass of other concepts nor a part of other concepts.

The program is written in release 0.11 of perl modules for GO and OBO ontologies. Then we manually examined all mapping candidates and identified the final mappings. All the final mappings between the FN and GO are available on http://www.ida.liu.se/∼**hetan/FN2GO.**

## 3 Result And Discussion

The resulting mappings between GO concepts to the FN frames can be explained by decomposing it into different cases.

No mapping GO concept. **For four FN frames,** Activity start, Causation, Interrupt process, Forgoing**, there are no semantically relevant GO concepts. While**
their words are used to describe biological events or situations, there are no defined GO concepts that represent the events or situations expressed by them.

1 mapping GO concept. **The GO concept** GO:0008283:cell proliferation is associated with the FN frame Proliferation in number**. We noticed that in the four** subclasses of GO:0008283:cell proliferation, cyst formation **describes the formation**
of a cluster of germ-line cells derived from a single founder cell. While in FN **form** and formation **are the LUs of the FN frame** Creating, the phrase **cyst formation**
can be grouped into such a frame in the phenomenon of biology. Secondly, the GO concept GO:0006412:translation **is associated with the FN frame** Translating.

In its subclasses, the head of concepts name is **translation**.

Multiple mapping GO concepts. **Two situations exist in the case: 1)**
Multiple verbs. **There are two examples in this situation. Two GO concepts** GO:0007571:age-dependent general metabolic decline and GO:0040007:growth are associated with the FN frame Change position on a scale**. The frame profiles** words that indicate the change of an Item**'s position on a scale (**Attribute**) from**
a starting point (Initial value**) to an end point (**Final value)". The words **decline**
and growth **describe biological process of opposite directions. Three GO concepts,** GO:0018409:peptide or protein amino-terminal blocking, GO:0018410:peptide or protein carboxyl-terminal blocking and GO:0060468:prevention of polyspermy are associated with the FN frame Preventing. They describe three very different kinds of biological process by using words, prevent and block**. The head of**
the concept names of the subclasses of GO:0018409 and GO:0018410**, including** carbamoylation and carboxylation**, are not LUs of the frame** Preventing**. They**
describe specific chemical reactions. Only when these actions happen to Nterminal protein amino acid, preventing situation happens to the protein or peptide sequencing. This kind of domain-specific verbs cannot be grouped into any frames. 2) Multiple specific biological process. For the rest of the FN frames,