 Foregoing concepts with relations and rules define elements of the domain ontology of spaces.

## 3.2 Ontology For The Visualization Of A Lecture

 Upper ontology: visualization. Visualization of the text (white text against the dark background) is subclass of visualization. Visible page, data visualization, flow visualization, image visualization, spatial visualization, surface rendering, two-dimensional field visualization, three-dimensional field visualization, video content. 

## 4 Problem Ontologies

Scientific Method. 

 Investigative processes, which are assumed to operate iteratively, involved in the research method are the follows: 
(i) Hypothesis, Low, Assumption, Generalization; (ii) Deduction;
(iii) Observation, Confirmation; (iv) Induction. 

 Indicate some related concepts: Problem. Class of Scientific Data. Scientific Theory. Formalization. Interpretation. Analyzing and Studying of Classic Scientific Problems. Investigation. Fundamental (pure) Research. Formulation of a Working Hypothesis to Guide Research. Developing Procedures to Testing a Hypothesis. Analysis of Data. Evaluation of Data.

## 4.1 Concepts Of Foundations Of Research Activities

Foundations of Research Activities Ontology includes upper and problem ontologies. Foundations of Research Activities Concepts:
 (a) Scientific Method. 

 (b) Ethics of Research Activity.

 (c) Embedded Technology and Engineering. (d) Communication of Results (Dublin Core). 

 We consider briefly (a) and planning to consider briefly (c).

## 5 Domain Ontologies 5.1 Concepts Of Electrodynamics And Classical Gauge Theory

Short history: Schwarzchild action, Hermann Weyl, F. London, Yang-Mills equations.

 Quantum Electrodynamics is regarded as physical gauge theory. The set of possible gauge transformations of the entire configuration of a given gauge theory also forms a group, the gauge group of the theory. An element of the gauge group can be parameterized by a smoothly varying function from the points of space-time to the (finite-dimensional) Lie group, whose value at each point represents the action of the gauge transformation on the fiber over that point.

 Concepts: Gauge group as a (possibly trivial) principle bundle over space-time, gauge, classical field, gauge potential.