human
Can you write me a poem about apollo?
assistant
Sure, here's a poem about apollo:
  does not necessarily contain the idea of a _premature_ death, yet
το δέοντος ἔπεμφεν, ὡς τῆς προθέσεως (_i.e._ προ) καιρικόν τι
δηλούσης, ἢ ἁπλὡς ἔπεμψεν, ώς πλεοναζούσης τἤς προθέσεως. Hesych.
gemitu fugit _indignata_ sub umbras," where Servius well
observes, "quia discedebat a juvene: nam volunt philosophi,
invitam animam discedere a corpore, cum quo adhuc habitare
legibus naturæ poterat." I have, however, followed Ernesti, with
the later commentators.]
there is a similar sense of the pronoun.]
far-darting Apollo."
"Let me not find thee, old man, at the hollow barks, either now
usage in negative sentences only; as, '_it is of no use to
thee_,' or, '_it helps thee not_,' and similar expressions."]
which still clings to the translations, is exploded by Buttm.
Lex. p. 144. Eust. and Heysch. both give εὺτρεπίζονσαν as one of
the interpretations; and that such is the right one is evident
from the collateral phrase πορσύνειν λέχος in Od. iii. 403.
Λμφιζέζηκας is the perfect tense, but with the force of the
present.]
for a _mouse_: either because Apollo had put an end to a plague
of mice among that people, or because a mouse was thought
emblematical of augury.--Grote, Hist. of Greece, vol. i. p. 68,
observes that this "worship of Sminthian Apollo, in various parts
earliest period of Æolic colonization." On the Homeric
description of Apollo, see Müller, Dorians, vol. i. p. 315.]
custom.--See Anthon and Arnold.]
white-armed goddess Juno had suggested it; for she was anxious
denotes place, ἰν Τροίᾳ. Valcknaer justly supports the ordinary
interpretation.]
But him swift-footed Achilles, answering, addressed: "Taking full
the eternity of things. Empedocles apud Pseud. Arist. de Mundo:
Πάνθ' ὅσα τ' ὴν, ὅσα τ' εστὶ, καὶ ὄσσα τε ἔσται ὀπίσσω. Virg.
Georg. iv. 392: "Novit namque omnia vates, Quæ sint, quæ fuerint,
ii. 2, quoting this verse.]
evidently meant. In other instances I have retained the specific
names of the different confederate nations.]
unwilling to accept the splendid ransom of the virgin daughter of
people merely listen to their ordinances and decisions, in order
to regulate their own conduct accordingly; being suffered,
indeed, to follow the natural impulse of evincing, to a certain
extent, their approbation or disapprobation of their superiors,
but without any legal means of giving validity to their opinion."
destroyed them."]
But him swift-footed Achilles sternly regarding, addressed: "Ha!
fair-cheeked daughter of Brises, thy prize; that thou mayest well
probably soon lose his life by his haughtiness."
"Ollei respondet Rex Albaï longaï," and "Ollei respondet suavis
sonus Egeriäi," observing that this formula was probably as
common in the heroic annals of Ennius as τὸν δ' ὰπαμειξόμενος is
άτηρός.--Hesych. βλαξρός, άτηρός.]
Nestor, the harmonious orator of the Pylians, from whose tongue
Nestor's exploits and character in Crete's Hist, of Greece, vol.
particles.]
But him noble Achilles interruptingly answered: "Yea, forsooth, I
Thus were they employed in these things through the army. Nor did
But Blomfield, Obs. on Matth. Gr. § 124, prefers to render it
"ships of due size," as [δαις ειση], ver. 468, "an equalized
putting away of the guilt, which, through Agamemnon's
transgression, was brought upon the army also.--Wolf.]
object.--Nägelsbach.]
δούλος.--See Arnold.]
"Going to the tent of Achilles, the son of Peleus, lead away fair
άδεώς ίεναι.--Pollux, viii. They were properly sacred to Mercury
(id. iv. 9. Cf. Feith, Antiq. Homer, iv. 1), but are called the
messengers of Jove, as being under his special protection, with a
affront.]
invaluable ransoms, having in his hand the fillets of far-darting
mountain Placus, in the district afterwards called Adramyttium.
The inhabitants were Cilicians.--See Heyne, and De Pinedo on
Arnold. The fable is ridiculed by Minucius Felix, § 22.]
translation.]
necessarily implied in ἄτη. See Buttm. Lex. p. 5, sq.]
and Oceanus is an immense stream encircling it, from which the
different rivers run inward.]
Thus having spoken, he placed her in his hands; but he rejoicing
them, Chryses, uplifting his hands, prayed with loud voice:
barley,"--Voss; but Buttmann, Lexil. p. 454, in a highly amusing
note, observes, "no supposition of a regular and constant
distinction between the Greeks and Romans, the one using barley
whole and the other coarsely ground, possible as the thing may
be in itself, is to be entertained without the express testimony
of the ancients."]
But when they had ceased from their labour, and had prepared the
banquet, they feasted; nor did their soul in anywise lack a due
crowning the goblets with flowers was of later origin.]
Kennedy renders it "ushering in the dawn."]
in rendering this expression.]
reverence my son, and shall advance him in honour."
willingly to tell me one word of what thou dost meditate."
then, such is my will.]
Buttmann wished.--See Anthon.]
proverbial.]
tended me, having fallen."
mansion.
was "a double cup with a common bottom in the middle."--Crusius.]
driven to Cos by a storm raised by Juno, who was hostile to him,
and who had contrived to cast Jupiter into a sleep, that he might
artifice practised upon him, bound her feet to iron anvils, which
his enraged sire.]
to Müller), and the ancient inhabitants of Lemnos. This island
was ever after sacred to Vulcan. Cf. Lactant. i. 15; Milton, P.L.
Thus, then, they feasted the entire day till the setting sun; nor
responding in turn, with delicious voice.
their own, which had its hierarchy, its distribution of ranks and
banquets or festivals."--Grote, vol. i. p. 463. Cf. Müller, Gk.
golden-throned Juno.
The rest, then, both gods and horse-arraying men, slept all the
everything as I shall command thee. Bid him arm the long-haired
Achæans with all their array; for now perhaps he may take the
wide-wayed city of the Trojans; for the immortals who possess the
Thus he spake: and the dream accordingly departed, as soon as it
horseback was not practised in the Homeric times."]
Jupiter does not utter a _direct_ falsehood.]
which Plato was much scandalized, Coleridge, p. 154, observes:
"The οὖλος ὄνειρος was a lying spirit, which the father of gods
and men had a supreme right to commission for the purpose of
working out his ultimate will."]
forgetfulness possess thee, when sweet sleep shall desert thee."
clear-voiced heralds to summon the long-haired Achæans to an
assembly. They therefore summoned them, and the people were very
event to another.]
islands, and all Argos. Leaning upon this, he spoke words
amongst the Greeks:
its force, according to Stadelmann and Kühner, who are followed
by Anthon. I have restored the old interpretation, which is much
less far-fetched, and is placed beyond doubt by Virgil's
imitations.--"_per_ florea rura," Æn. i. 430; "floribus insidunt
variis." Æn. vi. 708. "Among fresh dews and flowers, Fly to and
bees first appear. See Virg. l. c. Eurip. Hipp. 77, μέλισσα
λειμῶν' ᾐρινὸν ὂιέρχεται.--Nicias, Anthol. i. 31, ἔαρ φαίνουσα
influence of the house of the Atrides, see Grote. vol. i. p.
understanding ὶερεῖα, the victims that were slain in order to
ratify the oath. See however Buttm. Lexil. p. 439.]
λέλυνται καταλληλότερον τοῦ δοῦρα σέσηπε.]
κινήση for κινήσει from the Venice MS. See Arnold.]
----"As thick as when a field
Of Ceres, ripe for harvest, waving bends
Her bearded grove of ears, which way the wind
(s.v.) prefer "swaying, rocking on both sides."]
H. O. 88, γίνεται δε παραλαμξανομένης δοτικῆς πτώσεως άντι
Whatsoever king, indeed, or distinguished man he chanced to find
standing beside him, he checked him with gentle words:
great-counselling Jove loves him."
sceptre, and laws, that he may govern among them."
_to dry_, as if φωξός, _warped by heat_.]
daughter of Chryses.]
"O strange! surely ten thousand good deeds has Ulysses already
"O son of Atreus, the Greeks wish to render thee now, O king, the
connection with μενών. Others most awkwardly make σὺν=παρά.]
the remains of the tree were shown in his time. The whole of this
Compare the following passage of Apuleius de Deo Socr. p. 52, ed.
et classem deduxit, et decennium prædixit."]
notice has been taken of this story by the later poets. But the
sacrifice of Iphigenia was a more attractive subject for tragedy
or episode, and took the place of the Homeric legend.]
addressed them:
(_Gerenium_, _a_, or _ia_. See Arnold, and Pinedo on Steph. Byz.
s.v. Γερηνία), where he was brought up, probably after Pylos had
been destroyed by Hercules.]
φροντίδες. See Buttm. Lexil. p. 440, sqq. Helen certainly shows
some repentance in iii. 176.]
nearly the whole person.]
"loud-voiced," or "good in the battle-shout." Βοῂ contains the
whole idea of the tumultuous noise heard in the heat of battle,
and thence the battle itself. Thus the Schol. ὁ ἐv τῷ πολἐμω
γενναἲος; and Hesych. κατὰ τῂν μάχην ανδρεἲος.]
κλητοί τ' αύτό μολοί τε. See Plato Sympos. p. 315, G. Læm. Why
Menelaus did so, is no matter to us, and probably was no mystery
to his brother.]
Thus he spoke, nor did Agamemnon, king of men, refuse compliance.
destructive." Cf. Buttm. Lex. s. v. ἀΐδηλος.]
And these, as goat-herds easily separate the broad flocks of the
distinguished amongst many, and conspicuous amongst heroes.
unwearied, and a brazen heart were within me; unless the Olympic
"Et meministis enim, Divæ, et memorare potestis:
Ad nos vix tenuis famæ perlabitur aura."
"Say first, for Heav'n hides nothing from thy view,
Nor the deep tract of Hell----"]
hyperbolical mode of excusing poetic powers is ridiculed by
But Ajax led twelve ships from Salamis, and leading arranged them
"Athene is locally identified with the soil and people of Athens,
earth, but Athene brings him up, nourishes him, and lodges him in
sacrifice and solemnities. It was altogether impossible to make
Erechtheus son of Athene,--the type of the goddess forbade it;
but the Athenian myth-creators, though they found this barrier
impassable, strove to approach to it as near as they could."
Compare also p. 262, where he considers Erechtheus "as a divine
or heroic, certainly a superhuman person, and as identified with
the primitive germination of Attic man."]
Those who possessed Mycenæ, the well-built city, and wealthy
the Dorians, was called Ephyra (as in II. vi. 152). "Neque est,
quod miremur ab Homero nominari Corinthum, nam ex persona poetæ
et hanc urbem, et quasdam Ionum colonias iis nominibus appellat,
quibus vocabantur ætate ejus, multo post Ilium captum
early poetic contests, see Müller, Gk. Lit. iv. 2, whose
interesting remarks are, unfortunately, too long for a note.]
equivocal in it, which is cleared up, if we suppose it addressed
to the inhabitants of the Asiatic side of the Archipelago. But
if, with Pope, we understand the words 'beyond the sea' to relate
forced meaning; for the old Greek historians tell us, that those
islands are so close upon the coast of Elis, that in their time
many of them had been joined to it by means of the
referring to the Homeric legend respecting Meleager in II. xi.
indirectly, there seems little doubt that Homer must have
conceived the death of the hero as brought about by the maternal
curse: the unrelenting Erinnys executed to the letter the
invocations of Althæa, though she herself must have been willing
to retract them."]
simplicity of these antiquated periphrases.]
collected the Homeric instances of exile "for private or
involuntary homicide," observing, however, from the Schol. on Il.
either received or required purification for the crime."]
poem of Arctinus, the Iliu-Persis, wherein the one was
represented as unrivalled in surgical operations, the other as
sagacious in detecting and appreciating morbid symptoms. It was
Podalirius who first noticed the glaring eyes and disturbed
deportment which preceded the suicide of Ajax."]
But Gyneus led two-and-twenty ships from Cyphus. Him the Enienes
terror of Mars, both mares, silver-bowed Apollo fed in Pieria. Of
But they went along, as if the whole earth was being fed upon by
fire, and the earth groaned beneath, as in honour of
marshalling the citizens, be leader of them."
again mentioned, and Müller, Greek Lit. i. § 4.]
But the Trojans who inhabited Zeleia, beneath the lowest foot of
there was a real connection between the name of Lycia and the
worship of Apollo, and that it was the worship of Apollo which
gave the name to this district of Troy, as it had done to the
ornaments in great profusion. See Porson on Eur. Hec. 153.]
But Sarpedon and gallant Glaucus from Lycia afar, from
the eddying Xanthus, led the Lycians.
another.
"what even a god would not say."--Buttm. Lexil. p. 359.]
Breathing united force with fixed thought,
Moved on in silence."]
But Hector having seen him, upbraided him with opprobrious words:
to Paris and his friends (so δυσελένας, "baleful Helen," Eur. Or.
preserved, despite the omens attending his birth. See Hygin. Fab.
ὅτι τὸν μόνον παοῆλθεν.]
"Nequicquam, Veneris præsidio ferox,
Pectes cæsariem, grataque feminis
Imbelli cithara carmina divides: . . .
. . . tamen, heu! sorus adulteros
Crines pulvere collines."]
And meantime came Iris a messenger to white-armed Helen, likening
"Come hither, dear lady, that thou mayest view the wondrous deeds
worn doubled. Others suppose it means cloth of double tissue.]
properly means a bride or young wife.]
considered to be the balm-cricket.]
destruction to us and to our children hereafter."
congenial company of my equals. But these things were not done:
i.e. _si recte dici potest fuisse, quod ita sui factum est
dissimile, ut fuisse unquam vix credas_."--Herm. on Vig. p. 946,
quoted by Anthon.]
similar enumeration and description of the seven Argive
chieftains in Eurip. Phœn. 119, sqq.]
then mean that Agamemnon was a head less than others, and
consequently Ulysses would be two heads under the ordinary size.
Anthon has adopted this common mistake, although Wolf had pointed
pleasant Lacedæmon, or they indeed have followed hither in the
whilst besieging Sparta.--Hygin. Poet. Ast. ii. 22. According,
however, to other mythologists, they shared immortality in turns.
But when they had now come between the Trojans and the Greeks,
same as κωνος, a metal ridge in which the plume was fixed.]
"O father Jove, none other of the gods is more baleful than thou.
thong, [made] from the hide of an ox slaughtered by violence: and
Thus spoke the son of Atreus, and the other Greeks approved.
Now they, the gods, sitting on the golden floor with Jove, were
"Two goddesses, indeed, are auxiliaries to Menelaus, Argive Juno
friendship between both parties. And if, moreover, this shall
ταις δεξιαις. Cf. xi. 14. Hesych. δειδεκτο, εδεξιουτο, δια φιλιας
Pausan. ix. 33; Steph. Byz. ν. αλαλκομενιον.]
perhaps thou mightst satiate thy fury. Do as thou wilt, lest this
Dorians invaded and possessed, Homer makes as broad an allusion
to the conquests of the Heraclidæ, not only as would be
consistent with the pride of an Ionic Greek in attesting the
triumphs of the national Dorian foe, but as the nature of a theme
conduct, from the historical detail of subsequent events, would
warrant to the poet."--Bulwer, Athens, i. 8. The correctness of
this view, however, depends upon the true date of Homer's
existence.]
Belisarius in Procop. Vandal. i. Μαχονται μεν ανθρωποι, βραζευει
δε ο Θεος οπως ποτε αυτω δοκει, και το του πολεμου δίδωσι
given by the Scholiast, Hesychius, and others. But Heraclides,
Alleg. § 6, says that Apollo is so called επειδη του κατα την
ορθριον ωραν λυκαυγους εστιν αιτιοι, η οτι λυκαζαντα γεννα,
τουτεστι τον ενιαυτον. Cf. Macrob. Sat. i. 17; Serv. on Æn. iv.
renowned archer, that he would sacrifice a splendid hecatomb of
Nor did the blessed immortal gods forget thee, O Menelaus; but
deftly-wrought belt was it driven, and it stuck in the variegated
that "it is principally owing to our sense of the dramatic
probability of the action of the divinities in the Iliad that the
the manifest favourite of the gods stands out in a dilated and
more awful shape before our imagination, and seems, by the
association, to be lifted up into the demigod."]
penetranti."--Heyne. But it is better to understand, "where the
plates of the cuirass meet and overlay the ζωμα."--Arnold.]
unaccomplished; but to me there will be grief on thy account, O
hour of retribution is so certain, that it may be considered
already arrived.]
variegated belt, and the girdle beneath, and the plate which
brass-working men forged, warded it off."
Thus he spoke, and incited his soul within his breast. And they
Trajano ducem Agamemnonem secuti, non mediocrem opem
commilitonibus suis attulerunt. Quos tamen Homerus non in
pestilentia neque in variis generibus morborum aliquid attulisse
auxilii, sed vulneribus tantummodo ferro et medicamentis mederi
solitos esse proposuit. Ex quo apparet, has partes medicinæ solas
"Argives, ye arrow-fighters, subjects for disgrace, are ye not
with fighting close-handed, handed, was much despised (cf. Soph.
τοὺς ἰοὺς μεμορημένοι, Apoll. Lex. and Hesych.) need not be
forced into any of the out-of-the-way meanings which Anthon and
others have assigned to it.]
hurricanes, is meant. See Arnold.]
interpretation. The meaning is, whoever, without leaping from his
attack. This was less dangerous than dismounting.]
brass-mounted chariot. Near him stood Sthenelus, son of Capaneus.
see where there was a chance of escape by running between the
Him sternly regarding, brave Diomede accosted thus: "My friend
elder, like _papa_. Compare Alberti on Hesych. v. ἀπφία, t. i. p.
homicide Mars, she raises her head, small indeed at first, but
"On th' other side, Satan alarm'd
Collecting all his might dilated stood,
Like Teneriff or Atlas unremoved:
His stature reach'd the sky."--Paradise Lost, iv. 985.]
But him Ætolian Thoas struck, rushing on with his spear, in the
blows, nor pierced close at hand with the sharp brass, might be
ἀκούτατος. Sec Anthon; Ammonius, p. 29; Valck. Βεϑλῆσθαι μεν ἐστι
χειρὸς τετρῶσθαι.]
the beginning of the ὀπώρα, or season extending from the middle
of July to the middle of September. It is said to be most
brilliant at its time of rising. Cf. Apoll. iii. 956: Ὅς δή τοι
καλὸς μὲν ἀρίζηλός τ' ἐσιδέσθαί Ἀντέλλει.]
τὼ παῖδε φημὶ τώδε τὴν μὲν ἀρτίως ἄνουν πεϕάνθαι, τὴν δ' ἀϕ' οὗ
τὰ πρῶτ' ἔϕυ.]
μὲν Ἀπίων, όξεῖ ἔγχει, ὀξυόεντι δὲ, ὀξυΐνῳ. With Anthon, I prefer
oracle by which the Trojans were recommended to avoid maritime
affairs. Cf. Procl. Chrestom. p. 472, ed. Gaisf.]
When, therefore, Pandarus, the illustrious son of Lycaon, saw him
proceeding from Lycia."
κληρονόμοι. Apoll. Lex. p. 854: Οὶ μακρόθεν προσήκοντες κατὰ
γένος, καὶ χῆρα ὄντα τῶν σύνεγγυς τὰ χρήματα κληρονομοῦντες.]
this, "Speak not at all fearward."]
meaning of τύχωμι.]
easily-wielded.]
βουκόλος, ἕρπε ποτ' Ἰδὰν, Ἔρπε ποτ' Ἀγχίσαν. See Hymn, in Vener.
of the gods gave so much scandal to Plato, that he wished to cast
Ponticus, Alleg. Hom. p. 511. The fathers of the early church
made no small use of Plato's opinion on this head. Cf. Euseb. P.
Minucius Felix, 22; who all make use of his testimony as an
argument against Paganism. See Coleridge, Classic Poets, p. 64.]
time degraded; but the supreme god who commands the servitude is
in the like proportion exalted, whilst the idea of some sort of
order and government among these super-human beings was never
lost sight of."]
Thus she spoke: but the father of men and gods smiled, and having
bucklers. Then at length Phœbus Apollo addressed impetuous Mars:
temple of Apollo, Diana and Latona; and hence Homer represents
these three deities protecting the falling city."--Μüller,
ἐκπίπτει.]
"O friends, be men, and assume a valiant heart, and feel shame
Plato, Sympos. p. 317, F. G. ed. Læm., where he dwells upon the
advantages of friends fighting together, as rendering men ashamed
But them Hector discerned through the ranks, and rushed on them,
But him Diomede, brave in fight, seeing, trembled. As when a man,
"O friends, how do we all admire noble Hector, that he is both a
ὑπερόπτης, ϑρασύς. On the different and doubtful etymologies of
this word, see Alberti on Hesych. t. i. p, 44, and Buttm. Lexil.
But him Sarpedon, leader of the Lycians, in return accosted:
("inferni raptoris equos," Claudian, de R. P. i. 1) employed in
the abduction of Proserpine.]
approaching, and spoke [this] mournful address:
I will die content in Troy.--Anthon.]
difficulty.
could easily move, and which, from its suppleness and
flexibility, yielded to the pressure of his person."--Anthon.]
addressed winged words:
double circular rim); from this projected a silver pole; at its
the whole chariot.]
Pursuit; on it was the Gorgonian head of the dreadful monster,
"O father Jove, art thou not indignant at Mars for these bold
deeds,--how numerous and how choice a multitude of Greeks he has
personified, in Hesiod, Scut. Herc. 134, and Virg. Æn. viii. 701:
"--tristesque ex æthere Diræ,
Et scissâ gaudens vadit Discordia pallâ;
Quam cum sanguineo sequitur Bellona flagello."]
But her answering, cloud-compelling Jove addressed:
between two singular substantives, according to the Schema
Alemanicum. Compare Od. K, 513, and Il. Y, 138, which have been
Thus saying, she aroused the strength and courage of each. The
Thus he spoke, and ordered Pæon to heal him: and Pæon healed him,
"O _lux_ Dardaniæ, _spes_ ô fidissima Teucrûm." Quintus Calab.
iii. 561. Έπεὶ σύ μοι ὶερoν ᾗμαρ, καὶ ϕάος ὴελίοιο πέλες.]
totally, without burial-rites, and obscure."
distinction into the temple of azure-eyed Minerva, on the lofty
ἐχούσας.]
exclaiming aloud:
"Courageous Trojans and far-summoned allies, be men, my friends,
Fulgentius, iii. præf., agrees with Homer, giving a ridiculously
philosophical explanation of the whole story.]
tabellas, et mittit eum ad Iobaten regem," there is no reason to
believe that letters, properly so called, were yet invented. See
Knight, Prolegg. p. lxxiv. lxxxii.; Wood, on the original genius
of Homer, p. 249, sqq.; Müller, Lit. of Greece, iv. 5 (Bulwer,
Athens, i. 8, boldly advocates the contrary opinion); and
Anthon's note. Compare the similar story of Phædra and
well illustrated by Duport, p. 31. Burton, Anatomy, p. 259,
observes, "They delight in floods and waters, desert places, to
walk alone in orchards, gardens, private walks, back lanes,
averse from company, as Diogenes in his tub, or Timon
Misanthropus; they abhor all companions at last, even their
nearest acquaintances and most familiar friends; confining
themselves therefore to their private houses or chambers, they
will diet themselves, feed and live alone." Hence melancholy was
called the "morbus Bellerophonteus." See Bourdelot on Heliodor.
ἀπάνευθεν ἀλώμενος ίνδιάασκε.]
for the value of nine.
standard of barter.]
variously-embroidered robes, the works of Sidonian females, which
But Hector had gone to the beautiful halls of Alexander, which he
husband's sisters, or [to those] of any of her well-robed
well-inhabited city of the Cilicians, lofty-gated Thebes. He slew
Idomeneus, and the sons of Atreus, and the brave son of Tydeus.
But her then in turn the mighty crest-tossing Hector addressed:
particularly to me."
"Et tunc sicut equus, qui de præsepibus actus,
Vincla sueis magneis animeis abrumpit, et inde
Fert sese campi per cærula, lætaque prata,
Celso pectore, sæpe jubam quassat simul altam;
Spiritus ex anima calida spumas agit albas."]
the σχήμα καθ' όλον και μέρος. See Jelf, Gk. Gr. §478, and my
note on Æsch. Prom. p. 8, ed. Bohn.]
στεφάνη as a distinct kind of helmet, or cap. So, also, the
Schol. and Hesych. t. ii. p. 186, and p. 1266. Others understand
the rim of the helmet. Paschal, de Coronis, i. 2: "Eam galeæ
partem quam Hesychius dicit habere εξοχάς, id quod in galea
eminentissimum est. Et vero apud Plutarchum distinguitur το
κράνος galea από της στεφάνης, ab ejus parte quæ est in ipsius
"Ιλιον, ἣν ἐπόλισσε  Ποσειδάων καἰ Απόλλων,
Ιλιον, ἣν ἀλάπαζαν Ἀθηναίη τε καἰ Ἣρη".
See Grote's Hist, of Greece, vol. i. p. 68.]
Thus having spoken, he put on his beautiful arms. Then, indeed, O
escape from the hostile battle and the grievous fight."
γε--άντιολήσαι, which Valckenaer, and with reason, thinks a more
Him then in turn the mighty crest-tossing Hector addressed: "Thou
stealthily, but openly, if haply I may strike thee."
----"et jam nox humida cœlo
Præcipitat, suadentque cadentia sidera somnos."]
ὃν συνάγονται. Hesychius, p. 79, makes it equivalent to ἄθροισμα,
Quæst. Hom. p. cvii. ed. Barnes, τὸν ναόν ἤτοι ϑεῖον τόπον ὄντα,
ἢ ϑεῖον ἄθροισμα περιέχοντα. So, also, the Scholiast.]
well-fitted gate, that through it there may be a passage for the
Thus having spoken, he sat down; but to them arose Priam, son of
clear-voiced herald, standing in the midst of them, spoke thus:
destruction impend over the Trojans."
addressed Idæus:
witness of the treaties."
Then, indeed, the sun freshly struck the fields [with its rays],
Him, greatly enraged, the cloud-compelling Jove addressed:
"subsequent animosity of Neptune against Troy was greatly
determined by the sentiment of the injustice of Laomedon." On the
bought wine, some for brass, some for shining iron, others for
ἐστι τὸ ἐν τῷ πλήθει θρυλλούμενον τῇ τῶν πραγμάτων ἐναλλαγῇ
πρᾶσιν καὶ ἀγορασίαν συνίστασθαι, καὶ τοῦτο τὸ εῖδος πράσεως
ἀρχαιότατον εἶναι. He then alleges these lines of Homer as the
earliest known instance of barter.]
convenirent.--Heyne.]
remarks: "Although the supremacy of Jove comes far short of the
true conception of almighty power, the characteristic point which
ruling power of the popular mythology, the supreme and despotic
chief of an aristocracy of weaker divinities, accustomed to
consult with them and liable to their opposition and even
violence, yet, upon the whole, substantially aristocratic, and
independent of any recognized permanent superior."--Classic
Thus having said, under his chariot he yoked his brazen-footed,
destinies of long-reposing death, [the destinies] both of the
But he himself mightily thundered from Ida, and sent his burning
exhorting Ulysses, [thus]:
But her king Neptune, greatly excited, thus addressed: "Juno,
Thus indeed were they holding such converse with each other. But
whatever space before the ships the trench belonging to the tower
that όσον εκ νηών από πύργου τάφρος εεργε, means that "the space
between the rampart and the sea was enclosed." Από does not
govern πυργου, but is compounded with εεργε.]
been long since anticipated by Paschal. de Coron. i. 4.]
φθορᾴ πορενόμενος.]
Thus he said: and the Sire pitied him weeping, and granted to him
illustrious son of Evæmon. Teucer came the ninth, stretching his
is said to have foretold Jove's own sovereignty, and hence to
have been placed among the constellations. Cf. Hygin. Poet. Astr.
be the best translation.]
between the different battalions.]
Thus he said: but Iris, swift as the storm, hastened to bear the
restrained them, and pronounced to them the message of Jove:
and much-desired light came on, grateful to the Greeks.
vi. 4: "Interea fax Occidit, Oceanumque rubra tractim obruit
æthra." See Columna on Εnn. p. 113, ed. Hessel.]
to attend to. So _telum_ and _vulnus_ are used for each other
conspicuous around the lucid moon, when the æther is wont to be
beautiful-throned Aurora.
Thus the Trojans indeed kept guard: but a mighty Flight, the
not to be explained as a supernatural flight, occasioned by the
gods. It is a great and general flight, caused by Hector and the
Trojans. For although this was approved of and encouraged by
Jupiter, yet his was only that mediate influence of the deity
without which in general nothing took place in the Homeric
Ionia. Heyne, however, observes, "comparatio e mente poetæ
instituitur, non ex Agamemnonis persona."]
doubtless, will it be agreeable to almighty Jove, who has already
fatherland. But we twain, I and Sthenelus, will fight, until we
decima legione iturum dicit."]
been said on the subject.]
untouched by fire, and ten talents of gold, and twenty shining
the land. Cf. Albert. on Hesych. t. ii. p. 806. So νησοιο μαστός
εύφημήσαι. Kennedy rightly explains it, "abstain from expressions
the god, might defeat the object of their supplications." See
Thus he spoke, and delivered an opinion agreeable to them all.
Patroclus alone sat opposite to him in silence, waiting upon the
Παλαιγενεων κλεα φώτων Μνησομαι.]
Patroclus, who was near:
"Place a larger goblet, O son of Menœtius, mix purer wine, and
picture of ancient manners, compared with the customs of the
Hebrew fathers, compare Coleridge, p. 151.]
Thus he spoke; and Patroclus obeyed his dear companion. But he
probably be joined), θνηλάς' άπαρχάς των τεθυμἑνων.]
nurtured as his darling son, in great affluence. But he has three
from Il. O, 717. The άκροστόλια, or _figure-heads_, are not meant
coming hither, to my loss. And I will carry hence other gold and
superior advantage to me."]
the irritability of the speaker.]
παραγενόμενος. Cf. Alberti on Hesych. t. i. p. 1445.]
who is advancing imperceptibly, though surely, to final
the phrases "pilo minus amare", "pili facere." There is, however,
commerce, probably long before Memphis grew into importance, or
before the Delta was made suitable to the purposes of husbandry
by the cutting of canals and the raising of
this as an unmeaning expression, Heyne well observes: "numerus
centenarius ponitur pro magno: et portis semel memoratis,
multitudo hominum declaratur per numerum exeuntium."]
stamping-footed, crooked-horned oxen they slaughtered; many swine
Beside her he [Meleager] remained inactive, brooding over his sad
immediately was there noise and tumult of these excited round the
considers that τηλύγετος simply means "_tenderly beloved_; only
that it is a more forcible expression for this idea, as is
evident from the bad sense in which the word is used at II. v.
parents is evident."]
made thee so great."]
a comparison with Æsch. Choeph. 750, sqq., and Shakspeare's nurse
speaker is the best apology for the poet.]
his sublime idea of the Recording Angel blotting out the oath
which the Accusing Spirit had carried up to heaven.]
ἐλευθῆρος μεδέουσα. Like οὖθαρ ἀρούρης, in ver. 141, it is an
expression denoting excessive fertility.]
ἐπιλαθομένου τῆς ϑεοῦ. See an excellent sketch of the story in
Grote, vol. i. p. 195, sqq. Cf. Hygin. Fab. clxxii.; Lactant.
the heroes who accompanied Meleager is given by Hyginus, Fab.
clxxiii.]
rather closely.]
his mother burning a fatal brand, Apollodor. i. c.; Zenobius
"Antiquissimis temporibus, quorum repetere memoriam possumus,
δαίμων nihil aliud erat, quam deus. Horn. Od. γ, 165, 160; Il. γ,
prosunt hominibus, aut iis nocent; utroque enim modo δαίμονες
Telamonian Ajax addressed:
Thus he spake, but all the kings approved, admiring the speech of
information, they then attack the Thracians, and slay their king,
προῤῥίζους. See Merrick on Tryphiodor. 388; Alberti on Hesych. t.
of keeping watch. Heyne compares Σ, 504: ἱερὸς κύκλος; Ω, 681:
λαθὼν ἱεροὺς πυλαωρούς. Compare, also, the ἱερὸς λόχος of the
Thebans, Plutarch, in Pelop. t. i. p. 285; E. Athen. xiii. p.
that "we must include ἀθροτάζειν among the forms of άμαρτάνω,
whose etymological connections, as long as we are ignorant of
them, we can easily do without."]
occur in ver. 144. Διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη. 86: Νέστορ Νηληϊάδη.]
παραστατεῖ.]
dolore; οὐδέ μοι ἦτορ ἔμπεδον, ἀλλ' ἀλαλύκτημαι. Non sum, inquam,
Hor. Od. III. 4, 11: "Ludo fatigatumque somno." Compare the
learned dissertation on this subject by D'Orville on Chariton,
Ἀχαΐδα Νυκτηγορεῖσθαι κἀπιθουλεύειν πόλει.]
Αἴαντος, ἔνθα τάξιν ἐσχάτην ἔχει.]
ἔχειν ἐκτεταμένην. The epithet φοινικόεσσα denotes that it was
the garb of royalty.]
Hesychius, who also, with reference to the present passage, has
Σαυρωτῆρος' τοῦ σιδηρίου. Pollux, x. 31, well explains it, τὸ τοῦ
Thus he spoke: but he leaped up very quickly from slumber, and
addressing him, spoke winged words:
ἡμῖν τα πράγματα. Soph. Antig. 996: Φρόνει βεζὼς αὖ νῦν ἐπὶ ξυροῦ
"O friends, would not now some man put such confidence in his own
head-piece was sewed. It Autolycus once brought from Eleon, the
of the chief who wore it."--Kennedy.]
"Wool was inlaid between the straps, in order to protect the
head, and make the helmet fit closer."--Kennedy.]
δυσμενεῖ Βάσιν ευκλοῦντ'.]
"Hector, my heart and gallant spirit urge me to approach the
swift-sailing ships, and gain information. But come, raise up thy
Thus he spoke, and indeed swore a vain oath; nevertheless he
meditated any deceit. The poet contemplates the event, which
frustrated his hopes, and rendered his oath nugatory."--Kennedy.]
learn accurately whether the swift ships be guarded as before, or
established meaning of the Homeric epithet, it will certainly be
always intelligible to the hearer and full of expression.
'Night,' says a German proverb, 'is no man's friend;' the dangers
irritable, hostile goddess. Even the other deities are afraid of
her, who is (Il. Θ, 259) θεῶν δμήτειρα καὶ ἀνδρῶν; and Jupiter
himself, in the midst of his rage, refrains from doing what might
night is not personified: for as ὀξεῖς καιροί are _dangerous_
times, so by this word θοή it may be intended to mark the
swiftness and imminency of dangers which threaten men who go διὰ
νύκτα μέλαιναν."]
ἰισὶ Τρώων, οἵδε οἶσιν ἀνάγκη ἐστὶν, ἐγρηγόρθασι, κ. τ. λ.]
But him much-planning Ulysses answering addressed: "In
what manner now do they sleep: mingled with the horse-breaking
Trojans, or apart? Tell me, that I may know."
observing, pointed him out to Diomede:
arundines, et addidit similiter confractis myricæ frondibus."]
Thus saying, he drove the solid-hoofed steeds across the ditch,
strength in the heart of each, to war and fight incessantly. And
with the cavalry at the trench; the cavalry followed at a little
Cf. Æsch. Pers. Μολπηδὸν ηὐϕήμησεν, ὄρθιον δ' ἄμα Άντηλάλαξε.]
what precise metal is meant.]
between the lines.]
But Jove withdrew Hector out of the reach of weapons, of dust, of
sun set, and sacred darkness come on."
Thus he spake; nor did rapid Iris, swift as the wind on her feet,
wind-nurtured spear. He on his part was eagerly dragging by the
remind us of the "gone coon" of American celebrity, immortalized
in the "at homes" of the late Charles Matthews.]
epithet by the received opinion that trees in exposed situations
are usually the strongest and most vigorous from their frequent
agitation by the wind."--Kennedy.]
Thus he spoke; and the charioteer lashed on the fair-maned steeds
Thus saying, he aroused the courage and spirit of each. As when
disgrace if indeed crest-tossing Hector take the ships."
compares "albus notus," in Horace. But see Kennedy.]
εὐτραϕής.]
But him valiant Diomede, undismayed, addressed:
raptoris equos," Claud. de Rapt. Pros. i. 1) by which he stole
away Proserpine. See the Scholiast.]
chirurgia sine diætetica, neque hæc sine chirurgia, id est, sine
ea parte quæ medicamentorum utilium usum habeat, perfici possunt;
Rhodius well observes: "Antiquos chirurgos Homerus Chironis
exemplo herbarum succis vulnera sanasse memorat. Hunc et
sectiones adhibuisse notat Pindarus Pyth. Od. iii. Neque
ingeniorum fons Ιλ. Λ. τὸ ἐκτάμνειν omisit." Cf. Celsus, Pref.
with the notes of Almeloveen, and lib. vii. præf., where the
chirurgical part of ancient medicine is amusingly discussed.]
agreeable to their inclination [to go].
But Cebriones, sitting beside Hector, perceived the Trojans in
But lofty-throned Jove excited fear within Ajax, and he stood
confounded, and cast behind him his shield of seven bulls' hides.
But him swift-footed Achilles answering, addressed: "Noble son of
themselves from the sweat upon their tunics, standing towards the
refreshed--cooled--themselves, by standing in front of the breeze
drinking, as anchovies and olives are now used.]
Lexil. p. 93. There were two doves round each handle, making
eight in all.]
fighting. But you, [who are] fresh, will, with fighting, easily
this line: 1. Schneider explains it: "They have but short time to
breathing-time, from war, although short, will be agreeable." 4.
"Supply '_may be_', and translate, 'and that there _may be_ a
short breathing-time from the battle;' although this last
involves some tautology with the preceding line."--Ed. Dubl.]
The manner in which this was done is described by Celsus, v. 26:
"Si profusionem timemus, siccis lineamentis vulnus implendum est,
super comprimenda." Cf. Athen. ii. 4.]
period. As long as Hector was alive, and Achilles indignant, and
τῶν ἄλλων εἴρηται ποιητῶν περὶ θεῶν' καὶ ὅτι τὰ μὲν κατὰ τὴν
αὐτῶν βούλησιν πραττόμενα ἐπὶ τὸ λώϊον ἐκθαίνει, τὰ δὲ παρὰ θεὸν
ἀλυσιτελῆ ὑπάρχει τοῖς πράξασι, where Duport, p. 72, thinks there
from physical facts, to justify the mythical description of
Homer,--see Heyne and Kennedy. Compare Virg. Æn. ii. 610, sqq.;
passages, Hesychius, t. i. p. 1006, and the Schol. on Oppian.
Hal. v. 282, suppose that the lightning is meant; but it is far
better to understand, with Heyne, "terrore divinitus immisso."]
"----ut patulas saltu transmittere fossas
Horror equis; hærent trepidi, atque immane paventes
Abruptum mirantur agi."]
Thus spake Polydamas; but the safe counsel pleased Hector; and
indignant exclaimed:
"Father Jove, surely now at least thou also hast become utterly
facto."--Heyne. Kennedy well observes that "we may trace here the
must have opened inwards, being secured from within by a double
bolt (cf. ver. 455, sqq.). See D'Orville on Chariton, i. xii. p.
Buttmann, Lexil. p. 64, dwells much upon the force of μέσον,
observing, "in no insect is _flexibility_ more evident than in
the wasp, where the lower part of its body is joined as it were
by a point with the upper."]
Thus he spake, nor did he persuade the mind of Jove, saying these
"Through the long walls the stony showers were heard,
The blaze of flames, the flash of arms appeared."--Pope.]
Polydamas was right in his interpretation.]
Od. Ξ. 291; and the most elaborate and accurate note on this
construction of D'Orville on Charit. iv. 4, p. 440, sqq. ed.
Lips., with Burm. and Schwabe on Phædr. iv. 17, 31; Duker on
"Glaucus, why are we especially honoured in Lycia, both with the
"---- wherefore do I assume
These royalties, and not refuse to reign,
Refusing to accept as great a share
Of hazard as of honour, due alike
To him who reigns, and so much to him due
Of hazard more, as he above the rest
High honoured sits?"]
bolted."--Butt. 3. Change the nominative case to the accusative,
and translate--"They (the Lycians) had attacked all the
participate in his toil, though for a short time. Both indeed in
"O Lycians, why are ye thus remiss in your impetuous force? It is
Μέτρα seem to be the lines used in measuring ground ("linea
mensuralis," Siculus Flaccus, p. 23, ed. Goes.)·]
----"long time in even scale
The battle hung."]
passage of Homer, observes, οἰκοῦσι δὲ ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ οὗτοι
αὐτόνομοι, οὐχ ἥκιστα διὰ πενίαν τε καὶ δικαιότητα. Dionysius,
Perieg. 309, seems, as Hill observes, to consider the name
ἱππημολγοί as applicable not to one single clan, but to the whole
ancient Germans (id. vi. 22). Callimachus, Hymn iii., applies the
is involved in doubt, and the ancients themselves were uncertain
whether to regard it as a proper name or an epithet. (Cf. Steph.
Duport, Gnom. Horn. p. 74, sqq.) It seems best to understand with
wished to throw out these verses altogether, alleging that
allusion is made in them to the discipline of Zamolxis, with
which Homer must have been wholly unacquainted.]
Nor did king Neptune keep a vain watch; for he sat aloft upon the
Marcell. v. Cetarii--"cete in mari majora sunt piscium genera."
Thus Quintus Calaber, v. 94, imitating this passage, has
δελφινες, and Hesychius defines κητών by θύννων φορά, the word
evidently meaning any huge fish. Cf. Buttm. Lexil. p. 378, sq.]
Apoll. Rhod. iv. 771, sqq., and of the river Peneus, in Virg.
Hesych.: Χάρμη, η ρετά χαράς μάχη.]
use of άκεσταί, cf. Soph. Ant. 1026. Ὅστις ἐς κακὸν Πεσὼν ἀκεῖται
quote parallel passages would be endless.]
οίχεται--προθελυμνα, Tryphiodor. 388. Cf. Alberti on Hesych. t.
socket for the plume.]
'Αντί του εv τη των τρωταγωνιστων oμιλίᾳ (which is its proper
meaning, as derived from oaρ) και συναναστρoφη.]
disturbed.
brothers-in-law."
younger.]
shoulders; and in his mind he longed to strike Idomeneus, but he
descended for the purpose of rescuing the body of
βλίττω. See Buttm. Lexil. p. 194. Hesych.: Βλωθρή' εύαυζής, ή
προζαίνουσα καΐ άνω θρώσκουσα. Schol. on Apoll. Rhod. i. 322:
Πίτυν βλωθρήν Όμηρος, την άχρι του αιθέρος μολίσκουσαν.]
Lucret. vi, 113; "aridus fragor," Virg. Georg. I. 357, noticed by
According to the Schol. and Hesychius, it means a helmet that has
ὀφθαλμῶν ὀπάς), or a helmet with a long crest (έκτεταμένον
ἀφέληται.]
were among the rustic weapons of antiquity, as may be seen from
"Non jam certamine agresti
Stipitibus duris agitur, sudibusve præustis;
Sed ferro ancipiti decernunt."]
genitive, Heyne would supply μή τις έπαύρη αύτού κατά χρόα.]
Menestheus, son of Peteus, had the command; and with him followed
he would have been compelled to pay a fine for refusing the
service. Compare the ἀτιμία της ἀστραείας at Athens. See
"Hector, thou art impossible to be persuaded by advice. Because
certain."
ένθάδ' ὡς πορθούμεθα. Soph. Ant. 206: Ἠθέλησε μὲν πυρὶ πρῆσαι
κατ' ἄκρας. Eurip. Phœn. 1192: Κατ' ἄκρων περγάμων ἑλεῖν πόλιν.]
Whilst he was thus speaking, a bird flew over him on the right--a
encouraged by the omen; but illustrious Hector replied:
splendour of Jove.
"Surdaque vota condidit Ionio," Pers. Sat. vi. 28.]
"O Neleïan Nestor, great glory of the Greeks, why, leaving the
therefore = "making mortals go astray," or else = άμβροσιη in ii.
intempesta," _i.e._ "muita nox, qua nihil agi tempestivum est,"
Censorinus de Die Nat. xxiv.]
daughters of Adrastus, and he inhabited a mansion opulent in
Cf. Æsch. Prom. s.i., ἀσμένῳ δέ σοι Ἡ ποικιλείμων νῦζ ἀποκρύψει
Stephen's notes on Saxo-Grammaticus, pp. 90-92.]
μετόρχμιον ἐκάλεσεν ἐν τοῖς γεωργοῖς' καὶ Ἡσίοδος ὄρχον λέγει τὴν
Thus he spoke; and to him they all listened readily, and obeyed.
perchance he might desire to lie beside her form in dalliance, so
entering in, she closed the shining doors. First she washed all
impurities from her lovely person with rich oil, ambrosial, and
brazen-floored mansion of Jove, reached even to earth and to
needlework, and had embroidered much varied work upon it, and she
stronger and higher meaning of ἐός, or ἒός, _good_, which may be
compared with οὐτιδανός, μηκεδανός."]
_rubbed over_ and its use here is best explained by supposing a
reference to some process among the ancients whereby a shining
appearance was given to their vestments, as by _calendering_ or
meditate; for my mind urges me to accomplish it, if indeed I can
accomplish it, and if it be practicable."
referring to the perpetual strife of the elements. Thus Plato,
in Theætet. says: Ὅμηρος εἰπὼν, Ὠκεανόν τε θεῶν γένεσιν, καὶ
μητέρα Τηθὺν, πάντα εἴρηκεν ἔκγονα ροῆς τε καὶ κινήσεως. See
Ecl. i. 11. Grote, vol. i. p. 16, note, observes that, "Oceanus
and Tethys seem to be presented in the Iliad as the primitive
father and mother of the gods," although he says that "Uranos and
venerable gods, but neither the one nor the other present the
character of predecessors of Kronos and Zeus."]
She said, and loosed from her bosom the embroidered, variegated
cestus; where all allurements were enclosed. In it were love, and
addressed her:
"Take this, now place in thy bosom this variegated belt, in which
girdle, since it was to be hidden in the bosom (ver. 219), and
since its power appears to have been secret. See Heyne's note.]
like ζῆν, according to Doric analogy.... In all cases it stands
either quite absolute, that is, with the object understood, or
the accusative belongs to a verb immediately following."--Buttm.
"O Sleep, king of all gods and all men, if ever indeed thou
didst listen to my entreaty, now too be persuaded; and I will
παρακατατίθεσθαι τῶ ἀδελφῳ.--Ælian, Var. Hist. ii. 35.]
θνητῶν τ' άνθρώπων.]
dost thou urge me to perform this another dangerous deed."
and fearful night."]
prima sororum," according to Statius, Theb. ii. 286. Cf. Virg.
περὶ θυμὸς ἴάφθη. iii. 42: Ὡς ἴδον, ὡς ἐμάνη. Ovid, Epist. xii.
daughter of Agenor. See Grote, vol. i. p. 350.]
But her cloud-collecting Jove, answering, addressed:
the student should compare Grote, vol. i. p. 466.]
----"underfoot the violet,
Crocus, and hyacinth with rich inlay,
Broider'd the ground."]
"Forthwith on all sides to his aid was run
By angels many and strong, who interposed
Defence, while others bore him on their shields
Back to his chariot, where it stood retired
From off the files of war; there they him laid,
Gnashing for anguish, and despite, and shame."]
overshadowed his eyes; for the blow still subdued his spirits.
"Ye Argive archers, insatiable in threats, assuredly not to us
illustrious Earth-shaker turned the [tide of] battle.
many-benched ships of Achilles, the son of Peleus. Then shall he
"Why, O Juno, hast thou come [hither], and art like unto one in
premit altum corde dolorem" with Seneca ad Pol. 24. Nemesian.
Eclog. iv. 17. "Quid vultu mentem premis, ac spem fronte
serenas." Liv. xxviii. 8: "Mœrebat quidem et angebatur.... in
concilio tamen dissimulans ægritudinem, elato nimo disseruit."]
But him the fleet wind-footed Iris then answered: "O azure-haired
Æn. i. 143; Fulgent Myth. i. 1, 3. The Scholiasts attempt to
refer it to the ancient theory of the elements.]
Sostrates in mitigating the intemperate language which Antigonus
would fain have addressed to Ptolemy Philadelphus. See Sextus
sense; either for evil, as upon Orestes after he had slain his
mother; or else for good, as upon elders when they are injured,
to protect them and avenge their wrongs. This is an instance that
animosity shall arise between us."
"Go now, dear Phœbus, to brazen-helmed Hector; for already hath
mighty, dreadful, fringed, dazzling ægis, which the artist Vulcan
fringes around."]
νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ I have followed.]
Hom. Poes. § 8. This irregularity is very common in the Greek
So saying, with the lash upon the shoulder he drove on his horses
"O Eurypylus, I cannot any longer remain here with thee, although
Thus he spoke; but he understood; and running, he stood near him,
inferior men."
ἀπολιβάζειν in Od. xii. 351, is interpreted by Apollonius
"O my friends, be men, and set honour in your hearts, and have
accomplishments, as well in the race as in the combat, and who in
Kennedy, with reason, prefers the former one.]
arranged in a two-fold line, from the outermost whereof the
Greeks were driven in upon their tents, disposed in the
intermediate position between the lines of the
"desultor amoris," in Ovid, Amor. i. 3, 15, to denote an
inconstant lover; "desultoria scientia," Apuleius, Met. i. præf.,
and he cheered on the Trojans:
He said, and furious, charged with his sharp spear whoever of the
sketch of this hero's deification after death in Philostratus's
preface to the Heroica. He was the first of the Greeks who fell,
being slain by Hector as he leaped from the vessel (Hygin. Fab.
ciii.; Auson. Epigr. xx.). He was buried on the Chersonese, near
the city Plagusa. Hygin. P.A. ii. 40.]
Scholiast's πάντων πόνων ἰσόῤῥοπον, or πάντων τῶν τολμηθέντων.
Supply, therefore, ήμάτων.]
which Mollus, referring to Homer, thus explains: "Lacrymæ, quæ ex
prosiliebant."]
worn out with battle from our ships and tents towards the city."
by a storm. With the following passage compare Theocrit. iii. 15,
portion, and to take back his reward because he excels in power."
Undique conveniunt, vel imber, tela Tribuno.
Configunt parmam, tinnit hastilibus umbo,
Æratæ sonitant galeæ: sed nec pote quisquam
Undique nitendo corpus discerpere ferro.
Semper abundanteis hastas frangitque, quatitque,
Totum sudor habet corpus, multumque laborat:
Nec respirandi fit copia præpete ferro.
Achilles, smiting his thighs, addressed Patroclus:
Argus loved, beholding her with his eyes among the dancers at a
it ἐν ναυστάθμῳ.]
"As when from mountain tops the dusky clouds
Ascending, while the north wind sleeps, o'er-spread
Heav'n's cheerful face, the louring element
Scowls o'er the darkened landskip snow, or shower;
If chance the radiant sun with farewell sweet
Extend his evening beam, the fields revive,
The birds their notes renew and bleating herds
Attest their joy, that hill and valley rings."]
"Vix ea fatus erat, cum circumfusa repente
Scindit se nubes, et in æthera purgat apertum."
Cf. Drakenb. on Silius, iii. 196; Kuinoel on Matth. iii. 16; Acts
Θανάτου μέλαν νέφος.]
(_i.e._ Homer) ἐπὶ τοῦ ματαίου ἐνδέχεται τὸ Μέλεος οἱ δὲ
τραγικοὶ, ἐπὶ τοῦ οἰκτροῦ· So Hesych. μέλεος' μάταιος.]
"expressing the _violent streaming_ of a liquid." See Buttm.
And as when from Olympus comes a cloud into heaven, after a clear
"Jupiter ipse levi vectus per inania curru
Adfuit, et cœlo vicinum liquit Olympum."]
meaning, also κελευστὴς, the man who gives the signal and cheers
on the rowers. See Mollus on Long. Past. iii. 14. So Athenæus,
xii. p. 535: Χρυσόγονος μὲν ἤυλει τὸ τριηρικόν. Καλλιπίδης δὲ ὁ
τραγῳδὸς ἐκέλευε.]
violence decree perverse judgments in the assembly, and drive out
Virg. Georg. i. 325: "Et pluvia ingenti sata læta, boumque
labores diluit."]
But when Sarpedon perceived his loose-girt companions subdued by
"Oh shame! Lycians, where do ye fly? Now be strenuous: for I will
observing that it is τὸ δυϊκὸν ἀντὶ τοῦ πληθυντικοῦ.]
"Atque animum nunc huc celerem, nune dividit illuc,
In partesque rapit varias, perque omnia versat."
Rep. iii. p. 433, B. ed. Læm. finds great fault with Homer for
thus debasing the character of Jove. His remarks are reiterated
τιθεὶς πολέμοιο ἑῷ μεγαθαρσέϊ παιδί. Tzetzes there refers to the
present passage, regarding it as ominous of the death of
Sarpedon. Cf. Lomeier, De Lustrationibus, xii. p. 143.]
But when, advancing, they were now near each other, then indeed
entangled about them, when the side horse lay in the dust. But
noble-spirited, among the stamping oxen, and he perishes,
together, one thing is clear, that all the meanings which can
occur in them, proceed from one, which is that in the epithet of
the heart, _dense_ or _compact_, which physical idea the word
retains, according to the Homeric usage, in Od. τ. 516, as a
fixed epithet of the heart, although there its physical state has
xii. Ult. "Vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras."]
hereafter be a cause of shame and disgrace to thee, all thy days,
foreigner; for many forces followed along with him, among whom he
company with Hector, otherwise this passage would be at variance
describes a wound as mortal, except when it is inflicted in a
part really vital.]
was in use among the Cretans, from whose country Meriones had
come. See the Scholiast, and Müller, Dorians, vol. ii, p. 349.]
necessary to multiply words, but to fight."
pillar, for this is the honour of the dead."
See Pollux, viii. 14, and the Scriptores Rei Agrim. p. 88, ed.
Thus he spoke; nor was Apollo inattentive to his father, but he
In the meantime Patroclus, cheering on his steeds, and Automedon,
Apollo, threatening fearfully, addressed him:
observes: "In Homerica Iliade fuerunt olim qui Σκαιὰς πύλας, quæ
Hesychio: ἢ διὰ τὸ σκολιὰς εἶναι κατὰ τὴν εἰσβολήν. Plane uti
Servius ad Æn. iii. 351: 'Scæa porta dicta est--nec ab itinere
ingressis scævo id est sinistro, quod ingressi non recto sed
sinistro eunt itinere, sed a cadavere Laomedontis, hoc est
scæomate, quod in ejus fuerit superliminio.' Ita Vitruvius, i. 5,
coaluerit. Notio ipsa serius tandem invaluisse videtur:
antiquiorem enim Nicandreo locum ignore."]
vain, for in the forehead with the sharp stone he smote the
equestrian skill.
tenebratio, atque nebula, cum capitis vertigine."]
ἀμφίπτολις, "slavery caused by the capture of a city," Æsch.
Empir. adv. Phys. ix. p. 553: "Οταν γάρ, φησίν, ἐν τῷ ὑπνοῦν καθ'
προμαντεύεται τε καὶ προαγορεύει τὰ μέλλοντα' τοιαύτη δέ ἐστι καὶ
Hector addressed:
Thus having spoken, he extracted the brazen spear from the wound,
But him yellow-haired Menelaus, very indignant, addressed:
Plato, Sympos. p. 336, A.: Ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῶν ἡμετέρων παθημάτων
γνόντα, εὐλαβηθῆναι, καὶ μὴ, κατὰ τὴν παροιμίαν, ὥσπερ νήπιον,
παθόντα γνῶναι. Æsch. Ag. 177: Τὸν πάθει μάθος θέντα κυρίως
ἔχειν--καὶ παρ' ἄκοντας ἤλθε σωφρονεῖν. See Proclus on Hesiod,
Thus he spoke, but persuaded him not; but he answering, spoke:
of Patroclus, or of either separately. The first alternative he
is resolved on guarding against by summoning Ajax to his aid; of
the last two, he prefers the abandonment of the arms, _i.e._
σύλη, spoliation of the corpse, to ἀείκεια, its
disfigurement."--Kennedy.]
crest-tossing Hector possesses."
Thus he spoke, but he roused the courage of warlike Ajax, and he
But Glaucus, the son of Hippolochus, leader of the Lycian heroes,
ἐπιπείσεται ἐμοὶ ὤστε αὐτὸν ἰέναι εἰς οἷκον, ἄμεινον ἂν εἴη οὕτως
But when cloud-compelling Jove beheld him apart, accoutred in the
Thus he spoke; but they, lifting up their spears, advanced with
condensed might direct against the Greeks; and their mind eagerly
Menelaus, good in the din of war:
αύτὸ πάντες ὁρμήσαντες. A curious interpretation is given in the
Glossaries: "Βοίζω, _post cibum denuo impetum facio."_ See
resources,--τὰ ἐκ τῶν κοινῶν καὶ δημοσίων χρημάτων χορηγούμενα
τοῖς βασιλεῦσι.--Schol.]
Thus he spoke; but quickly the swift Oïlean Ajax heard, and first
magnanimous Trojans slay any of them with their spears, although
συμβάλλοντες τόποι τῇ θαλάσσῃ, προχοαὶ λέγονται, where he quotes
this instance from Homer.]
παρ' αὐλὸν be meant the _stream_ of blood, as from a
companion by far most dear to him had perished.
And thus also would some one of the magnanimous Trojans say:
Hellespont nor into the battle among the Greeks; but, as a pillar
Hector, the son of Priam, shall not be borne by you, even in the
Macrob. vi. 1: "Hastati spargunt hastas, fit ferreus imber." See
Columna's notes. p. 82, ed. Hessel. The Scholiast rather
interprets it, of a strong and violent shout, στερεὸς καὶ πολὺ
ἰσχυρός.]
Calab. iii. 740: Ούδὲ μιν ἄμβροτοι ἵπποι ἀταρβέος Αἰακίδαο Μίμνον
δαϊκταμένου βασιλῆος. Οὐδ' ἔθελον μογεροῖσιν ἔτ' ἀνδράσιν, οὐδὲ
μεθ' ἵπποις Μίσγεσθ' Ἀργείων, ὀλοὸν περὶ πένθος ἔχοντες.]
see the lugubrious collection of parallel passages in Duport, p.
the fabrication of the chariot by the god Vulcan, or to the
origin of Achilles himself from a goddess.]
Him then Automedon, the son of Diores, addressed:
of his friend, who, in this moment of imminent danger, takes upon
"O much deceived, much failing, hapless Eve,
Of thy presumed return! event perverse!"]
Thus saying, he called upon the Ajaces, and Menelaus: "Ye Ajaces,
honoured, for he was his dear companion in the banquet. Him
dwellings at Abydos, was most dear to him of all his guests.
Assimilating himself to him, far-darting Apollo spoke:
Peneleus, the Bœotian, first was leader of the flight; for he was
"Alas! even he who is very stupid might now know that father Jove
xxviii.: "Per horrorem tenebrarum--quo tempore hebetari solent
obstrictæ terroribus mentes; ut inter innumera multa Ajax quoque
Homericus docet, optans perire potius luce, quam pati formidinis
augmenta nocturnæ." Cf. Longin. ix.]
Thus he spoke; but the Sire felt compassion for him weeping, and
unwilling, from Patroclus went Menelaus, brave in the din of war;
"Him, indeed, I have now despatched to the swift ships, to go to
But him mighty Telamonian Ajax then answered:
and Kennedy would take it, a meaning borne out by προΐδωσιν. Cf.
Longus. Past. ii. 12: Οἱ κωμῆται ταραχθέντες, ἐπιπήδωσιν αὐτοῖς
ὡσεὶ ψᾶρες, ἢ κολο οί.]
Thus they, then, were fighting, like a blazing fire; but
message of Antilochus and the grief of Achilles.]
"Crinibus Iliades passis, peplumque ferebant
Suppliciter tristes, et tunsæ pectora palmis."
Ovid, Fast. iv. 454: "Et feriunt mœstæ pectora nuda manus."
prosequi crinibus, aut nudatum pectus plangere;" cxv.: "Percussi
semel iterumque pectus." See Westerhov, on Ter. Hec. ii. 3, 49;
But her swift-footed Achilles addressed, deeply groaning:
slaughter of Patroclus, the son of Menœtius."
recognized by Hesychius. "If correct," Kennedy says, "it may be
explained by the existence of ἔλωρον from ἔλωρ (Hesych. t.i. p.
the same analogy as θρέπτρον (iv. 478) the _price of
excitement of the speaker.]
make my appearance]
Kypke. Although ἄγραυλοι may simply mean "dwelling in the
fields," as in Apollon. Rh. iv. 317, it is better to follow the
interpretation of Hesychius: Οἱ ἐν ἀγροῖς διανυκτερεύοντες. But
synonymous with αἰδώς. Its meaning is however more forcible, viz.
neighbours to behold, if perchance they may come with ships, as
Cyn. i. 321; iii. 275. The orthography ἐπίτριμοι is equally
correct, according to Abresch.]
conflict.]
as=στρατιὰν, i.e. we shall keep the troops in a body. But see
Him, then, crest-tossing Hector sternly regarding, addressed:
translates it, "communis Mars belli;" observing, "communis Mars,
et incertus belli eventus."]
"And at length thou hast accomplished thy object, O large-eyed,
venerable Juno, having aroused swift-fooled Achilles. Surely the
waving-crested Greeks are born from thy very self."
defer discussing the heroic funeral-rites till the twenty-third
But him large-eyed, venerable Juno then answered:
distinguished artist, and spoke this word:
"Come hither, Vulcan, Thetis now has need of thee."
"frequentare." Suidas, Θαμίζεις· πυκνάζεις, συχνάσεις. Plato,
Rep. i. p. 410, B.: Οὐδὲ θαμίζεις ἡμῖν καταβαίνων εἰς τὸν ειραιᾶ.
and stands to her in the same relation as Athênê to Zeus: her
pride and want of sympathy are manifested by her casting him out
at once, in consequence of his deformity."--Grote, vol. i. p.
perform it, and if it is to be performed."
respecting the meaning of _αἴητον_. See Lexil. p. 44-7. He
concludes that it simply means _great_, but with a collateral
notion of _astonishment_ implied, connecting it with ἀγητός.]
Explorare labor:  mini jussa capessere fas est."]
according as the progress of the work required. The student will
do well to compare Virg. Georg. iv. 171, sqq., Æn. viii. 449,
sqq., and Callimach. in Dian. 59, sqq.]
First of all he formed a shield, both large and solid, decorating
glittering, and from it [there hung] a silver belt. Of the shield
ocean.
In reading this whole description, care must be taken to allow
for the freedom of poetic description, as well as for the skill
of the supposed artificer.]
pursuit of the Wain, which in return seems to observe his
movements. Manilius, i. 500: "Arctos et Orion adversis frontibus
ibant," which is compared by Scaliger, p. 28.]
ὠκεανοῖο. Virg. Georg. i. 246: "Arctos Oceani metuentes æquore
tingi." The student of ancient astronomy will do well to compare
Scaliger on Manil. i, p. 43, 2; Casaub. on Strabo, i. init.]
In it likewise he wrought two fair cities of articulate-speaking
brilliant torches, and many a bridal song was raised. The
size. But when they now had reached a place where it appeared fit
assembly, mounting their nimble-footed steeds, pursued; and soon
passages concerning lawsuits.]
townsmen should either surrender half their possessions, or
submit to indiscriminate pillage. See Kennedy.]
larger stature than ordinary folk prevails almost universally in
cærulei redeunt in pectore nodi."]
On it he also placed a soft fallow field, rich glebe, wide,
On it likewise he placed a field of deep corn, where reapers were
But apart, beneath an oak, servants were preparing a banquet, and
of Achilles, the lover of poetry should compare Milton, P.L. xi.
furrows." See Schneid. on Nicand. Ther. 371.]
βασιλεὺς is well in accordance with the simple manners of the
early ages, when kings were farmers on a large scale. Many of our
with the regal dignity.]
On it likewise he placed a vineyard, heavily laden with grapes,
baskets, in the midst of whom a boy played sweetly on a shrill
reeds. Four golden herdsmen accompanied the oxen, and nine dogs,
as to be certain of receiving a good dowry, paid, after the
ancient custom, in cattle.]
"To resalute the world with sacred light
Leucothea waked, and with fresh dews embalm'd
immediately addressed to his mother winged words:
But him the silver-footed goddess Thetis then answered:
rubied nectar flows."]
been friends, as we now are, than enemies. The construction is
interrupted, to suit the agitation of the speaker.]
"Hear me, all ye gods and all ye goddesses, whilst I speak those
things which the mind within my bosom urges. This day Ilithyia,
a fair hearing.]
τέκνον, παραιτία.]
have followed Heyne's construing, supplying τινα.]
springing forth, quitted the top of Olympus, and came speedily to
thinking of Eurystheus but Jove of Hercules.]
"Thus she spoke; but sharp grief smote him in his deep mind; and
occasioned by Hector, and the laborious tasks imposed by
Eurystheus. Such appears to be the force of the
οτραγγύεσθαι.]
fasting, towards Ilium, about to fight with the Trojans; for the
But him the king of men, Agamemnon, in return addressed:
"I rejoice, O son of Laërtes, having heard thy speech, for with
Him answering, swift-footed Achilles then addressed:
But him much-scheming Ulysses answering, addressed:
ἐπὶ σαυτῷ δάκρυα, οὐκ ἐπ' ἤματι κατὰ τὸ ἔπος, ὀλοφυρμοι τυχῶν.
Thus then he spoke, and dissolved the assembly in haste.
Virg. Æn. iv. 226: "Celeres defer mea dicta per auras," which
Servius interprets, "celer, vel celeriter."]
Æsch. Choeph. 22: Πρέπει παρήϊς φοινίοις ἀμυγμοῖς. Eur. Hel.
λευκὸν ὄνυχα δίὰ παρηΐδων, αἱματηρὸν ἄταν. Artemidor. i. Ἐν τοῖς
πένθεσι λάβωνται τὰς παρείας οἱ ἄνθρωποι. See Comm. on Petron.
contract of marriage. See Feith, Antiq. Hom. ii. 13, 3.]
betrothed.]
refreshment; but he, moaning, refused:
So saying, he dismissed the other kings: but two sons of Atreus
posteis portasque refregit." Virg. Æn. i. 298: "Claudentur belli
property, my servants, and my great, lofty-domed abode. For now I
Ethereal temper, massy, large, and round,
Behind him cast; the broad circumference
Hung on his shoulders like the moon."]
He spoke, and shouting amongst the front ranks, directed on his
solid-hoofed steeds.
Jove permits the gods to join in the battle, and they take their
But him cloud-compelling Jove answering, addressed:
Thus spoke Saturnian Jove, and he stirred up the unyielding
contest; and the gods hastened to proceed to the battle, having
discordant minds. Juno, indeed, and Pallas Minerva [went] to the
preserver, useful Mercury. Against Vulcan also was the great
literally _unbending, unyielding, not to be turned_, became the
epithet of a violent, uncontrollable, incessant tumult, battle,
Cynthium." Tibull. i. 4, 37: "Solis æterna est Phœbo, Bacchoque
juventa: hanc decet intonsus crinis utrumque Deum." Various
reasons are assigned for this; such as, "quia occidendo et
renascendo semper est juvenior," Fulgent. Myth. i. 17; or, "quod
ipse sit sol, et sol ignis est, qui nunquam senescit," Lutat. on
Stat. Theb. i. 694. The inhabitants of Hieropolis, however,
worshipped a bearded Apollo.--Macr. Sat. i. 17.]
towards the sea-coast, on the other side of the Simoïs,
commanding the entire plain. Hence it is the rendezvous of the
gods who favoured the Trojans.]
derive σῶκως from σωσίοικος, the former connecting it with
ἐριούνιος, ὁ μεγάλως ὀνίσκων, τοῦτ' ἔστι ὀφελῶν.]
But him Æneas, answering, addressed in turn:
But him again king Apollo, the son of Jove, addressed:
But her then earth-shaking Neptune answered:
shoulders; whilst on the other side they sat upon the tops of
vigorous youths has wounded him with a dart, yawning, he collects
for man's life, see Virg. Ecl. iv. 46; Catullus, lxiv. 328. But
this passage of Homer seems to imply the ancient notion, that the
danger, cf. Liv. i. xvi. where Proculus beseeches the apparition
of Romulus "ut contra intueri fas esset." See intpp. on Exod.
spurious, with Ernesti. It is wanting in MS. Lips, and ed. Rom.,
and does not appear to have been read by Eustathius.]
where the gods seek a similar place of observation.]
way of a warrior, who, whilst he is preparing to rush on his
enemy, or expecting his attack, draws himself up together, or, as
But him Æneas answered in turn, and said:
Dardanus. And he built Dardania, for sacred Ilium, the city of
vol. i. p. 387, where the whole legend of Troy is admirably
discussed. Cf. Virg. Æn. i. 292; iii. 167, where the Roman poet
has made use of Homer in tracing the pedigree of Æneas to Jove.]
character and position of Æneas throughout the Iliad, deserve
much attention.]
Homer to enable us safely to assert, from a comparison of them,
that it never has (at least in his writings) the more general
meaning of _to be useful, to help_, but, without an exception,
the more definite sense of _to ward off_..... by examining
passages we find, that even where no accusative is expressed, the
But him large-eyed venerable Juno then answered:
He spoke, and sprang into the ranks, and cheered on every man:
a town in the northern coast of the Peloponnese, out of which the
was shown there. See Müller, id. p. 74.]
bridges of war."
He spoke, and sternly regarding [him], addressed noble Hector:
But him, not daunted, crest-tossing Hector addressed:
stupified, like fawns. And he bound their hands behind them with
τ' ἐρειπίων. Aristid. Panath. p. 142: Ὡς δὲ ἑώρα τὴν θάλατταν
αἵματι καὶ ῥοθίῳ ῥέουσαν, καὶ πάντα νέκρων καὶ ναυαγίων μεστά.]
"O gods! surely I perceive this, a great marvel, with mine eyes.
Thus he pondered, remaining still; but near him came Lycaon, in
διαπέρασας, έπώλησας. See Schol. on ver. 40.]
"Fool, talk not to me of ransom, nor, indeed, mention it. Before
"Lie there now with the fishes, which, without concern, will lap
the blood of thy wound; nor shall thy mother weep, placing thee
βορὰν [ύμᾶς] ίχθύων θήσω καταδύσας.]
time, for he was ambidexter. With the one spear he struck the
gravitate senatorias actiones et Romanæ rei monumenta limasti, ut
esse pronunciem."]
But him swift-footed Achilles, answering, addressed:
dissertation.]
overshadow the fruitful earth."
the _afternoon_; but he observes, p. 223, that in the present
passage, "it is not the Attic δείλη ὀψία, with which it has been
compared, but by the force of δύων, the actual sunset of evening.
to be used with reference only to the time past, something in
this way: 'Thou shouldst assist the Trojans until the sun sinks
late in the west.'"]
renders it "through him," _i.e._ through Achilles.]
Homer described as reaching from one of its banks to the other,
affords a very just idea of the breadth of the Scamander at the
season when we saw it."--Wood on Homer, p. 328.]
"O father Jove, how does none of the gods undertake to save me,
miserable, from the river! Hereafter, indeed, I would suffer
anything. But no other of the heavenly inhabitants is so culpable
death by drowning, and I care not how I perish afterwards. The
Scholiast compares the prayer of Ajax in p. 647: Ἐν δὲ φάει καὶ
They indeed having thus spoken, departed to the immortals. But he
addressed Vulcan, her beloved son:
But when the white-armed goddess Juno heard this, she straightway
Thus she spoke; and Vulcan extinguished his glowing fire, and the
directions. They engaged with a great tumult, and the wide earth
the Rei Agrimensoria scriptores.]
"Fool, hast thou not yet perceived how much I boast myself to be
treaty-breaking Trojans."
Thus she spoke; but the white-armed goddess Juno smiled. And the
earth-shaking king addressed Apollo:
modest wives?"
ἐβούκολησε, τοιόσδε ἦν, οἷος τότε ἐφάνθη Δάφνις.]
But him the far-darting king, Apollo, in turn addressed:
turns from side to side, and whilst thus shifting her position
lets fall her arrows, ὀϊστοί, ver. 492." Others by τόξα
understood both bow and arrows.]
But him the fair-crowned mistress of the chase addressed in turn:
Meanwhile aged Priam stood upon a lofty tower, and observed huge
Achilles: but by him the routed Trojans were easily thrown into
sighing, he thus addressed his own great-hearted soul:
So saying, gathering himself up, he awaited Achilles; and his
similar use of καλχαίνειν. The present metaphor is taken from
the troubled and darkling aspect of the sea before a storm.]
So ἄνδρες πολῖται, Phlegon. Trall, p. 26. Ἄνδρες δημόται,
Aristoph. Plut. 254. Ἀνὴρ βασιλεὺς, Palæphatus, 39. Ἀνὴρ
"Certainly now thou art great in hopes in thy mind, O illustrious
But him swift-footed Achilles, greatly indignant, addressed:
--"On th' other side
Incensed with indignation Satan stood
Unterrified, and like a comet burn'd,
That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge
In th' arctic sky, and from his horrid hair
Shakes pestilence and war."]
piteously addressed him, stretching out his hands:
notes of Columna, ed. Hessel.]
shedding tears, addressed to him winged words: "O Hector, my son,
horribly, coiling itself around its den; so Hector, possessing
δρακόντων.]
"Abdiel that sight endured not, where he stood
Among the mightiest, bent on highest deeds,
And thus his own undaunted heart explores."]
Sat. i. 4. "Ne mihi Polydamas, et Troiades Labeonem
γερούσιον öορκον. It means an oath to be solemnly kept, an oath
to which the elders might with propriety pledge themselves.]
prize-winning solid-hoofed steeds ran very swiftly round the
But him the blue-eyed goddess Minerva then addressed:
swift-footed son of Peleus. As often as he would rush against the
But her mighty crest-tossing Hector in turn addressed:
But him the azure-eyed goddess Minerva in turn addressed:
"My brother dear, my father and venerable mother indeed greatly
But him swift-footed Achilles sternly regarding, addressed:
But him crest-tossing Hector, growing languid, then addressed:
"Fairest of stars, last in the train of night,
If better thou belong not to the dawn."]
But him swift-footed Achilles, sternly regarding, addressed;
But him crest-tossing Hector, dying, addressed:
"Surely well knowing thee, I foresaw this, nor was I destined to
Πιστὸς ἀνὴρ χρυσοῦ τε καὶ άργύρου άντερύσασθαι Ἄξιος.]
the Trojans, and chasing them into the town, Achilles was slain
near the Skæan gate by an arrow from the quiver of Paris,
directed under the unerring auspices of Apollo," referring to
the death or calamity of others, and accounted it as a judgment
upon them for being on the other side, and against them in the
contention: but within the revolution of a few months, the same
man met with a more uneasy and unhandsome death; which when I
saw, I wept, and was afraid; for I knew that it must be so with
all men; for we also die, and end our quarrels and contentions by
μεγάθεος εἵνεκα κα κάλλεος.]
Thus would some one say, and, standing by, would wound him. But
deliberate these things? Patroclus lies at the ships, an unwept,
worshipped as a god."
Silo translated ap. _Senec. Suas_. c. 2. The most ancient hymn of
sorrow to the grave." --Genes, xlii. 38.]
Thus having spoken, she rushed through the palace like unto one
death. But when she again revived, and her soul was collected in
ἀπολέσθαι.]
the banquet, striking him with his hands, and reviling him with
Thus she spoke, weeping, and the females also mourned.
οὶ γovεῖς περίεισι.]
of the city." This piece of twaddle has not been omitted by Plato
man-slaughtering hands upon the breast of his companion:
ὄλεθρίου θρήνου ἀπολαύσωμεν. Ernesti well observes that
τεταρπώμεσθα implies "delight mingled with satiety."]
λάλαξαν δὲ οἱ ἄνδρες. Among the Romans this rite was called
honours at the tomb of Achilles, that Achilles had bestowed upon
the manes of his friend Patroclus. See also Bernart on Stat.
having their throats cut, and many sheep and bleating goats. Many
κατοιχομένων τιμῇ.--Hesych.]
l. c.; and Lomeier de Lustrationibus, § xxxi.]
the _personification_ of Ὅρκος, observes on this passage: "I see
no reason why we should not suppose that in the poet's mind
Jupiter was put in opposition to ὅρκον, exactly in the same sense
άμφοτέροις. Further, the expressions μέγας όρκος, κάρτερος ὅρκος
suit much better the idea of the witness or pledge of the oath,
than they do the oath itself."]
discussion, regards καμόντες as an euphemism, "by which the dead,
their earthly powers."]
But him swift-footed Achilles, answering, addressed:
applied to the shades of the suitors of Penelope.]
reason and judgment, with Duport, Gnom. p. 128, and Jeremy
Taylor, Holy Dying, p. 524, ed. Bohn. But ver. 100 seems to
require the interpretation which I have followed; Clarke
rendering it "præcordia."]
But when they had thrown on all sides immense quantities of wood,
appropriation of sound to sense. Pope has admirably imitated the
original by the following translation:--
"O'er hills, o'er dales, o'er crags, o'er rocks, they go."
Cowper less successfully:--
"They measured hill and dale,
Right onward now, and now circuitous."
"So eagerly the fiend
O'er bog, or steep, through strait, rough, dense, or rare,
With head, hands, wings, or feet pursues his way,
And swims, or sinks, or wades, or creeps, or flies."]
capitis exuvias cape, laceræque frontis accipe abscissam comam."
The custom is learnedly illustrated by Bernart on Stat. Theb. vi.
Ἀπόλλωνι καὶ ποταμοῖς οὶ νέοι ἀπέτεμον τὰς κόμας, διὰ τὸ αύξήσεως
Nat. i. p. 6, and Blomf. on Æsch. Choeph. s. init., with my own
note. Statius, Achill. i. 628, "Quærisne meos, Sperchie, natatus,
"In vain, O Sperchius, did my father Peleus vow to thee, that I,
"O son of Atreus (for to thy words the people of the Greeks most
especially hearken), it is possible to satiate oneself even with
But when the king of men, Agamemnon, heard this, he immediately
this way and that, and laid the body upon the summit of the pile,
expediency of terminating the lamentations of the army at large,
and leaving what remains to be performed in honour of the
deceased to his more particular friends."--Kennedy.]
notes of Stephens on Saxo Grammat. p. 92.]
likewise placed vessels of honey and oil, and, sighing deeply,
ὑψώσαντο, γάλακτι δὲ ποιμένες αἰγῶν Ἔῤῥαναν ξανθῷ μιξάμενοι
μέλιτι. Compare the similar libations to the dead in Eur. Orest.
followers of Odin. See Olaus Magnus, iii. 3, and Mallet, Northern
deceased, see my note on Eurip. Alcest. 625, t. i. p. 231, ed.
indicate _magnitude_, and Heyne accordingly renders it:
"magnitudine fere hac," the speaker being supposed to use a
gesture while thus speaking.]
maintained to express, not merely the _shining aspect_, but the
newness of the metal; as λενκὸν in 268. This is ingenious; but
why not receive it as expressive of colour, and borrowed from
that to which the metal itself supplies a well-known epithet,
viz., the hair of age?"--Kennedy.]
unchanged_, in opposition to common changes, λενκὸν ἔθ΄ αὕτως,
still in _that_ its original state, completely unblackened with
fire; and ω. 413; of the body of Hector, ἀλλ' ἔτε κεῖνος κεῖται.
Αὕτως, in _that_ state in which he was before, still free from
but the racecourse around is level: either it is the monument of
"τανύσῃ, viz. δρόμον σὺν ἱμᾶσιν. Thus τάθη δρόμος, ver. 375. The
same ellipsis occurs in the following verse, in the case of ἔχει,
usual in the latter language."--Kennedy.]
and I think correctly, of a wide track in the open plain becoming
ἀμφίς they took in the opposite sense of χωρίς, or still more
forced. Heyne, however, understood it quite correctly of the wide
which, in the distance, stood also the mark chosen by Achilles,
ver. 359. Others see in this passage the course winding round the
drawn out for the purpose; whereas this monument was selected by
Achilles for the goal or mark quite arbitrarily, and by his own
choice; and Nestor, ver. 332, only conjectures that it might have
public places. Cf. Theocrit. vi. 10; Virg. Eel. ix. 55;
Dicæarchus in Athen. xiii. p. 594.]
σημαίνεσκε δρόμου τέλος ὠκυτάτοιο Ἀτρείδης.]
put to the stretch," as the Oxford Translator well, but freely,
renders it.]
solid-hoofed steeds should clash in the road, and overturn the
deprived of vigour."
facile, non sine gravi labore ac difficultate consequi possent,
quod peterent, sive qui rem valde difficilem
But him swift Ajax, the son of Oïleus, bitterly reproached:
"Idomeneus, why dost thou prate endlessly? Those high-prancing
mares run over the vast plain afar. Neither art thou so much the
But him the leader of the Cretans, indignant, answered in turn:
in connection with a verb of such import, as in xviii.
μάρτυρας ἐπί τινι χρήματι, sic nunc τρίποδος περιδώμεθα est
δώμεθα ὅρκον περὶ τρίποδος, quem pœnæ loco daturus erit uter
nostrum temere contenderit."--Heyne.]
the Scholiast, have interpreted δίκη. That would have required
σὺν δίκη, as in Soph. Antig. 23.]
Thus he spoke; and swift-footed, noble Achilles smiled, favouring
addressed to him winged words:
"O Antilochus, hitherto prudent, what hast thou done? Thou hast
other of the Greeks will blame me, for it will be just."
But him prudent Antilochus in turn answered:
"Antilochus, now indeed will I cease being enraged with thee, for
unrelenting."
patient-toiling mule, said:
inferior in battle, I am superior in boxing?"--Oxford Transl.]
votive offering or ornament.]
Smith's Dict. of Antiquities.]
Next, for the archers, he staked iron fit for making arrows, and
"Whosoever indeed shall strike the timid dove, taking up all the
splendid prize to the herald Talthybius.
ἔκειτο, πυκνὰ μὲν πρὸς έκατέραν πλευρὰν τὸ σῶμα διαστρέφουσα.
Chariton quotes the line of Homer, when describing the uneasy
rest of a love-stricken being.]
Schol.)="_kept their determination_."]
considering the word μαχλοσύνην as un-Homeric. If they are
genuine, they furnish the earliest mention of the judgment of
Paris. Cf. Mollus on Longus, Past. iii. 27; Intpp. on Hygin. Fab.
But her cloud-compelling Jove, answering, addressed:
addressed:
to be that of the traveller Clarke, quoted by Kennedy, as
follows: "The Greeks in fishing let their line, with the lead at
the end, run over a piece of horn fixed at the side of the boat,"
x. 30, 31, merely mentions the μολυβδαίνη among the implements of
Her then the silver-footed goddess Thetis answered:
"Why does that mighty god call me? I am ashamed to mix with the
λιασθείς, _going away, or aside from the pyre_. And so νόσφι
λιασθείς, II. α. 349, λ. 80. One of the plainest instances of the
the goddesses as they rise from the depths of the sea, which
_turn aside_, and yield them a passage."--Buttm. Lexil. p. 404.]
that an opportunity might be offered to Achilles of receiving a
ransom for it, which would redound to his glory_."--Kennedy.]
But her swift-footed Achilles, answering, addressed:
"Go quickly, fleet Iris, having left the seat of Olympus, order
Thus he spoke; but wind-footed Iris rushed on, about to carry her
exhibit the entire contour of his person" (Kennedy), with the
Schol. Hesych. t.i.p. 1264. Phavorinus, Suidas, and the Schol. on
κεκαλυμμένος est, qui ita adstrinxit vestem, eique se involvit,
ut tota corporis figura appareat, quod secus est in toga et
pallio aut stola."]
Thus he spoke: but his spouse wept, and answered him in words:
all respect thee. But let us now lament him apart, sitting in the
But her again the aged, godlike Priam addressed:
dancers, most skilled in the choirs, and public robbers of lambs
Murænam Cato Maledictum est, si vere objicitur, vehementis
"Take, offer a libation to father Jove, and pray that thou mayest
But her godlike Priam answering, addressed:
Thus he spoke, praying; but to him provident Jove hearkened, and
Thus he spoke; nor did the messenger, the son of Argus. disobey.
Hellespont, and hastened to go, like unto a princely youth, first
But him Priam, the godlike old man, then answered:
But him Priam, the godlike old man, then answered:
"But who art thou, O best one, and of what parents art thou, who
speakest so honourably to me of the death of my luckless son?"
But him again the messenger, the slayer of Argus, addressed:
But him then Priam, the godlike old man, answered:
But him the messenger, the slayer of Argus, again addressed:
Thus he spoke; but the old man rejoiced, and answered in words:
body," quoting Hesych., ῥύεσθαι, λοτρώσασθαι.]
supplicating, spoke [this] speech:
although, as has been before observed, Homer does not mention
felicibus aucte Thessaliæ columen Peleu, quoi Juppiter ipse, Ipse
But him Priam, the godlike old man, then, answered:
But him swift-footed Achilles, sternly regarding, then addressed:
"Do not irritate me further, old man, for I also myself meditate
addressed Priam:
Swift Achilles spoke, and leaping up, slew a white sheep, and his
serious, reminds Priam of the real circumstances of his
situation, not for the sake of alarming him, but of accounting
for his choosing the place he did for the couch of the aged
But him Priam, the godlike old man, then answered:
swift-footed Achilles again addressed:
Thus indeed they performed the funeral of steed-breaking Hector.