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Young German Raphael, as his father had called him in a letter from Lübeck in 1811: a devout, religious poet, pure of soul and of fine culture, as one-coloured and one-sided as he was mild and tender. At the outset he knew, at least, how to extract from the old masters a certain naïve piety without positive character, whereas later he lost himself more and more in the arid formalism of dead dogmas. What was in his power to give he has given in pictures such as the
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Entry of Christ into Jerusalem and the
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Weeping over the Body of Christ --both in the Marienkirche at Lübeck, in the
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Miracle of Roses, in Santa Maria Degli Angeli at Assisi, in the
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Christ on the Mount of Olives in the Hospital at Hamburg, and the
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Betrothal of Mary in the Berlin National Gallery--pictures which expressed nothing that would not have been expressed better at the end of the fifteenth century. His
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Holy Family with St. John and the Lamb, of 1825, in the Munich Pinakothek, is in composition and type a complete imitation of the Florentine Raphael; his
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Lamentation of Christ in the Lübeck Marienkirche is reminiscent of Perugino; his
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Burial would never have existed but for Raphael's picture in the Borghese Gallery. His sentiment coincided exactly in devotion and godliness with that of Fra Angelico or of the old masters of Cologne, and when he devoted himself to programme-painting he lost all intelligibility. In the
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Triumph of Religion in the Arts, which he completed in 1846 for the Staedel Institute, and in which he wished to embody the favourite ideas of Romanticism, that art and religion must flow together in one stream, he has copied the upper part from the
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Disputa, the lower part from the
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School of Athens, and worked up both into a tedious and scholastically elaborated whole. It is only through a series of unpretentious sketches which he prepared for engravings, lithographs, and woodcuts that his name has still a certain lustre. Plates such as the
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Rest in the Flight, the
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Preaching of St. John, or the series
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Forty Illustrations to the Gospel, the
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Passion, the
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Seven Sacraments,