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Histrio-Mastrix, or a Scourge for Stage Players,
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If we now parallel our grand disorderly Christmases with these Roman Saturnals and heathen festivals, or our New Yeare's Day (a chiefe part of Christmas), with their festivity of Janus, which was spent in mummeries, stageplays, dancing, and such like enterludes, wherein fidlers and others acted lascivious effeminate parts, and went about their towns and cities in women's apparel; whence the whole Catholicke Church (as Alchuvinus and others write), appointed a solemn publike faste upon this our New Yeare's day (which fast it seems is now forgotten), to bewail these heathenish enterludes, sports, and lewd idolatrous practices which have been used on it; _prohibiting all Christians, under pain of excommunication, from observing the calends, or first of January (which we now call New Yeare's Day), as holy, and from sending abroad New Yeare's Gifts upon it (a custom now too frequent), it being a mere relique of paganisme and idolatry, derived from the heathen Romans' feast of two-faced Janus_, and a practice so execrable unto Christians that not only the whole Catholicke Church, but even four famous Councils [and an enormous quantity of other authorities which it is useless to quote]
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His friend Fulke Greville likewise presented an embroidered chemise. On another occasion of a similar character, (1581),
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Sidney made three characteristic presents--a gold-handled whip, a golden chain, a heart of gold, as though in token of his entire subservience to her Majesty, and his complete surrender of himself to the royal keeping. On one occasion, the Earl of Ormond presented to the Queen
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Lord and Lady Cobham each presented a satin petticoat elaborately ornamented. Her Majesty, on New Year's Day, it appears, did not disdain to receive presents from her servants and tradesmen. Nichols, in his
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Royal Progresses, records that a laundress solicited the Queen's acceptance of three pocket handkerchiefs and a
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One domestic sought favour with a linen and another with a cambric nightcap. Apothecaries presented packets of green ginger, orange candy, and
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A butler's offering consisted of a meat knife,
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while the dustman tendered
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the head gardener a silver-gilt porringer, with a
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and the
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a
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The Queen, in return, presented her courtiers, etc., with
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apportioned to each recipient. In his preface Nichols remarks that