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(1852) Spencer was within sight of one of the great doctrines of Darwinism.
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From the beginning, he said,
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The effect of pressure of population, in increasing the ability to maintain life, and decreasing the ability to multiply, is not a uniform effect, but an average one.... All mankind in turn subject themselves more or less to the discipline described; they either may or may not advance under it; but, in the nature of things, only those who _do_ advance under it eventually survive.... For as those prematurely carried off must, in the average of cases, be those in whom the power of self-preservation is the least, it unavoidably follows that those left behind to continue the race, are those in whom the power of self-preservation is the greatest--are the select of their generation.
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as he afterwards said,
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? In his _Autobiography_ he gives two reasons for his oversight, one was his Lamarckian preconception that the inheritance of functionally-produced modifications sufficed to explain the facts of evolution. The other was, that he
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that
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Progress: its Law and Cause (1857), he still
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Transcendental Physiology (1857), Spencer advanced a step beyond the position occupied in his essay on
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Progress. He showed that with advance in the forms of life there is an increasing differentiation of them from their environments, that integration as well as differentiation is part of the developmental process, but the leading conception of the essay was
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This was recognised, like
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as a cause of progress, as
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It was in this essay also that he began to use the word
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in place of the more teleological word
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State Tamperings with Money and Banks he gave among other reasons for reprobating grandmotherly legislation, that
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The ultimate result of shielding men from the effects of folly, is to fill the world with fools.
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This was a tacit assertion, recalling like assertions previously made, that the survival of the fittest operates beneficially in society.