According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.45%, is water. Dalton is bordered by Cheshire to the northwest and north, Windsor to the northeast, Hinsdale to the east, Washington to the south, and Pittsfield and Lanesborough to the west. The town center is northeast of downtown Pittsfield, northwest of Springfield, and west of Boston.
