Since a number of results were published by different authors at different times, the figure summarizes the reported thrust gain G_{MPS} versus magnetosphere size (or characteristic length L) with the source indicated in the legend as follows for simulation results Arita14, Ashida14, Funaki13, and Kajimura10. Simulation results require significant compute time, for example it took 1024 CPUs 4 days to simulate the simplest case and 4096 CPUs one week to simulate a more complex case. A thrust gain between 2 and 10 is common with the larger gains with a magnetic nozzle injecting plasma in one direction in opposition to the solar wind. The MHD applicability test of equation for the solar wind is L \approx72 km. Therefore, the estimated force of the MPS is that of equation multiplied by the empirically determined thrust gain G_{MPS} from the figure multiplied by the percentage thrust loss T_{loss} from equation
