In the post-Baldus era, the Paulista Museum sought to maintain the scientific rigor of its research. Beginning in 1968, with the appointment of an archaeologist, the museum began to conduct systematic research at archaeological sites, by the modern scientific conceptions of the time. The archaeological collections were reorganized and dismembered from the Ethnology Section, becoming its own department. From then on, research programs covering different regions of the Brazilian territory multiplied, most of the time in partnership with other institutions. Among others, the Paranapanema Project, coordinated by Luciana Pallestrini, aimed at surveying and analyzing archeological sites along the Paranapanema River in São Paulo, and the Anhanguera Project, under the direction of Margarida Andreatta, which carried out prospects and excavations in the state of Goiás, in cooperation with the Federal University of Goiás, and the Piauí Project, coordinated by Niède Guidon, responsible for a series of research in the Piauí municipality of São Raimundo Nonato, of which archaeological findings would culminate in the creation of the Serra da Capivara National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1991.
