The Caudron C.580 was powered by Renault 4Pei, an air-cooled, four cylinder, inverted in-line engine which produced for take-off. The fuselage was built around four ash longerons, joined horizontally by N-form, spruce trellises and with birch ply sides with spruce stiffeners. The upper fuselage surface was curved and the forward fuselage from the engine firewall to the cabin was partly occupied by the fuel tank. Its large, fully glazed cockpit was mostly aft of the trailing edge of the wing and was smoothly faired into the rear fuselage with a magnesium upper surface.
