At the time of independence in 1991, no traces of pre-Soviet healthcare traditions were discernible. The Soviet healthcare system was highly centralized. The entire population was guaranteed free medical assistance regardless of social status, and had access to a comprehensive range of secondary and tertiary care options. After independence, Armenia was not in a position to continue to fund it. Following the reform program, all hospitals and polyclinics, rural health units (including village health centers), and health posts from the previous system continued to function. Hospitals which were formerly accountable to the local administration (and ultimately to the Ministry of Health) are now autonomous and increasingly responsible for their own budgets and management.
