Although associations of nest-adult oviraptorosaurs (a product of catastrophic live burial events) are generally considered as indicating direct brooding contact incubation, differences in egg numbers and orientation, as well as their overall architecture, suggests that most adult oviraptorosaurs were not necessarily incubating the nest; Tzu-Ruei Yang and colleagues have suggested that these nest-adult associations may represent female oviraptorosaurs in—or after—the process of oviposition (laying of eggs), or alternatively that female oviraptorosaurs guarded their nests.
