Other courses in Radio Communications were established prior to 1918 and were directed primarily at the requirements of Marine and Aircraft Radio Officers. In the late 1930s professional and more broadly based courses in Electronics and Radio Engineering were established. These professional courses prepared students for external examinations conducted by the British Institution of Radio Engineers (Brit IRE), which was renamed the Institution of Electronic and Radio Engineers (IERE) and finally merged in the 1980s with the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE). The Technician Courses were mainly directed towards qualifications of the City and Guilds of London Institute.
