Barchovice is located about southwest of Kolín and southeast of Prague. The municipal territory lies in three geomorphological regions: the eastern part lies in the Upper Sázava Hills, the central part lies in a tip of the Central Elbe Table, and the western part extends into the Benešov Uplands. The highest point is the hill Kamenný vrch at above sea level. The eastern municipal border is formed by the Výrovka River.
