Samuel Barclay Beckett (; 13 April 1906 – 22 December 1989) was an Irish novelist, dramatist, short story writer, theatre director, poet, and literary translator. His literary and theatrical work features bleak, impersonal and tragicomic experiences of life, often coupled with black comedy and nonsense. His work became increasingly minimalist as his career progressed, involving more aesthetic and linguistic experimentation, with techniques of repetition and self-reference. He is considered one of the last modernist writers, and one of the key figures in what Martin Esslin called the Theatre of the Absurd.Cakirtas, O. Developmental Psychology Rediscovered: Negative Identity and Ego Integrity vs. Despair in Samuel Beckett's Endgame. International Journal of Language Academy.Volume 2/2 Summer 2014 p. 194/203. http://www.ijla.net/Makaleler/1990731560_13.%20.pdf
