In some societies, women are afforded rights and freedoms in the interest of the equality of the sexes. As women's life options outside of the patriarchal family unit expand, securing and enforcing a patriarchal bargain of the severity described in Kandiyoti's "classic patriarchy" example becomes increasingly difficult. In South Korea, women from other East Asian countries are recruited to fulfil the patriarchal bargain that South Korean women reject in favour of personal freedom and independence. Filipina women married to South Korean men enter a "neo-classical" patriarchal bargain by which reproductive labour and submission to her husband and parents in-law are exchanged for an opportunity to obtain South Korean citizenship; thereby gaining residential security and preferable economic conditions. The constraints of the patriarchal bargain are reinforced by immigration policies which require the husband's involvement in the wife's citizenship application, and which reward reproductive labour with simpler routes to citizenship.
