It is mostly covered by montane cloud forest, but includes tropical evergreen forests and forests of pine, pine-oak and oak. The cloud forest forms a band from in height, up to along the northern and eastern slopes. The climate is cool, 14°-20 °C (57°-68 °F), and has mean annual rainfall that exceeds and is sometimes much higher. The dominant trees are tall and include evergreen and deciduous species, palms, tree ferns, heather shrubs, vines, and moisture-loving herbs.
