The blueberry muffin rash was originally considered pathognomonic of congenital rubella, but it is now considered to be potentially associated with many other intrauterine infections, hematologic diseases, and malignancies. Other TORCH infections that can cause this rash include cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, and toxoplasma. Blood disorders, such as hereditary spherocytosis and hemolytic disease of the newborn, that increase extramedullary hemotopoeisis can also cause a blueberry muffin baby. It is also possible that a neonate with the blueberry muffin rash can have an underlying malignancy such as metastatic neuroblastoma and congenital leukemia. Listed below are a few known conditions that can cause a blueberry muffin baby.
