E. T. A. Hoffmann (1776–1822) was a German Romantic author of fantasy and Gothic horror.Penrith Goff, "E.T.A. Hoffmann" in E. F. Bleiler, Supernatural Fiction Writers: Fantasy and Horror. New York: Scribner's, 1985. pp. 111–120. Mike Ashley, "Hoffmann, E(rnst) T(heodor) A(madeus) ", in St. James Guide to Horror, Ghost, and Gothic Writers, ed. David Pringle. Detroit: St. James Press/Gale, 1998. (pp. 668-69). Ludwig Tieck, Heinrich von Kleist, and E. T. A. Hoffmann "also profoundly influenced the development of European Gothic horror in the nineteenth century".Heide Crawford, The Origins of the Literary Vampire. Lanham : Rowman & Littlefield, 2016, p. xiii.
