In December 1920, the Gendarmerie expeditionary corps, reinforced by about 100 horsemen from Maku, started an offensive towards Simko who had openly rebelled and occupied the towns of Urmia, Dilman and other regions. This detachment was attacked by about 2,000 Kurds led by Simko. Konstantin Mikeladze was the commander of one squadron, while Captain Hasan Arfa commanded the other. After three hours of heavy fighting the Gendarmes lost about sixty soldiers amongst them Prince Konstantin Mikeladze who had displayed great bravery under fire.Under Five Shahs, by General Hassan Arfa, William Morrow & Co., New York, 1965, p. 125.
