The SA-15 type freighters are designed to break level ice up to one metre () in thickness with a snow layer of in continuous motion without icebreaker assistance and operate in all prevailing ice conditions encountered in the arctic regions such as ridges and compressive ice. Designed for year-round operation in the North Sea Route, the freighters were intended to operate unescorted during the summer navigation period and, if necessary, with assistance from Arktika-class icebreakers in the more severe ice conditions during winter. The ships are equipped with a stern notch, similar to the towing notches found in icebreakers, to allow safe pushing assistance from an icebreaker.
