For more than 30 years, Brauneis taught music at the Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal in addition to teaching privately and at other schools. He began his teaching career teaching piano and organ, introducing his students to the great classical composers and the piano studies of Muzio Clementi, Johann Baptist Cramer, and Carl Czerny. In 1842 he began teaching singing, offering vocal lessons in the tradition of the German school of singing. He also taught lessons in guitar, harp, and violin performance in addition to giving instruction in music theory and composition. He also led a band in Montreal and worked as a piano tuner and seller of imported instruments.
