The fourth and final life cycle stage is the development to the free living male or neotenic female form, followed by their whole or partial emergence respectively. The male pupates and develops into the final free living form, and his pupae extrudes from the wasp's abdomen, providing an emergence route for the adult male. Conversely, the female develops into the final neotenic form and extrudes from the host abdomen far enough for the genital opening to be reached by a mate, as well as far enough to allow larvae to escape. In both cases, this extrusion of the female parasite or male pupa from the host abdomen is referred to as "stylopization", referring to the family of these insects.
