Born in Paris, Ontario and raised in Hamilton, he studied at the Hamilton Art School, then in New York City at the Art Students League with Frank DuMond, and the Old Lyme Art Colony, and in London with the Welsh master Frank Brangwyn.A Dictionary of Canadian Artists, volumes 1-8 by Colin S. MacDonald, and volume 9 (online only), by Anne Newlands and Judith Parker National Gallery of Canada / Musée des beaux-arts du Canada
