Guano is a highly sought-after commodity for its value as a rich fertilizer. TPeruvian economy depends on guano export. In the 20th century, artificial fertilizers replaced guano to a large extent, affecting the Peruvian economy. Another threat is ocean warming and the El effect which has disrupted the area's unique ecosystem . It has reduced the number of fish, affecting the bird population, and causing a reduction in guano accumulation, and the economy of Peru.
