Observations of sexual reproduction in genus Nephroselmis are only known and were documented in the species Nephroselmis olivacea. This species is also the only one in the genus that is known to be found in freshwater. The sexual mating mechanism is isogamous heterothallic, The two gamete types are plus and minus, they are morphologically similar but have different roles during the mating process. The minus gamete attaches to the substratum, The plus gamete attaches to the dorsal side of the minus gamete by the base of the flagella of the plus gamete.
