Irenaeus (early 2nd century – AD 202) remarks that "the very form of the cross, too, has five extremities, two in length, two in breadth, and one in the middle, on which [last] the person rests who is fixed by the nails".Irenaeus, Against Heresies, II, xxiv, 4Latin text: "Ipse habitus crucis, fines et summitates habet quinque, duos in longitudine, duos in latitudine, et unum in medio, in quo requiescit qui clavis affigitur" (Adversus haereses, liber II, cap. XXIV, 4).
