Thirty such outliers spread across are connected to the central canyon and to one another by an enigmatic web of six Chacoan road systems. Extending up to in generally straight routes, they appear to have been extensively surveyed and engineered. Their depressed and scraped caliche beds reach wide; earthen berms or rocks, at times composing low walls, delimit their edges. When necessary, the roads deploy steep stone stairways and rock ramps to surmount cliffs and other obstacles. Although their purpose may never be certain, archaeologist Harold Gladwin noted that nearby Navajo believe that the Anasazi built the roads to transport timber; archaeologist Neil Judd offered a similar hypothesis.
