Governing by COPEI and AD would continue through the rest of the century. Dissatisfaction with the established governmental system of patronage increased, culminating in the 1992 Venezuelan coup d'état attempts led by Hugo Chávez. For the 1993 Venezuelan general election, COPEI passed over choosing Caldera as their candidate. Caldera would afterwards win the election through his newly founded National Convergence party. Soon after being elected, Caldera freed Chávez,Marcano and Tyszka 2007. pp. 107–08.Jones 2007. pp. 182–86. who became Caldera's successor following the 1998 Venezuelan presidential election.
