Tirohia te wāhanga i raro nei, kātahi ka whakautu i te pātai i muri mai i te reo kotahi me te wāhanga:  Te whakawhiti: Ko te Catabolism te huinga o nga tukanga metabolic e pakaru ana i nga ngota nui. Kei roto i ēnei ko te whakaheke me te waikura i ngā rāpoi ngota kai. Ko te take o ngā tauhohenga pūngāwerewere ko te whakarato i te pūngao me ngā wāhanga e hiahiatia ana e ngā tauhohenga pūngāwerewere e hanga ana i ngā rāpoi ngota. He rerekē te āhua o ēnei tauhohenga whakakorenga mai i tētahi rauropi ki tētahi rauropi, ā, ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā rauropi i runga anō i ō rātou pūtake pūngao me te waro (ā rātou rōpū kai matua), e whakaaturia ana i te ripanga i raro nei. Ka whakamahia ngā rāpoi ngota hei pūtake pūngao e ngā organotrophs, i te wā e whakamahi ana ngā lithotrophs i ngā turanga inorganic, ā, ka hopu ngā phototrophs i te marama o te rā hei pūngao matū. Heoi anō, ko ēnei momo rerekē katoa o te pūkoro e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tauhohenga redox e pā ana ki te whakawhiti i ngā irahiko mai i ngā rāpoi ngota whakaheke pēnei i ngā rāpoi ngota rauropi, te wai, te amonia, te wairewa sulfide, ngā aniana rino rānei ki ngā rāpoi ngota kaiwhiwhi pēnei i te hāora, te nitrate, te sulfate rānei. I roto i ngā kararehe, ko ēnei tauhohenga e pā ana ki ngā rāpoi ngota matatini e pakaru ana ki ngā rāpoi ngota māmā ake, pēnei i te hāora me te wai. I roto i ngā rauropi whakaahua, pēnei i ngā tipu me ngā cyanobacteria, kāore ēnei tauhohenga whakawhiti irahiko e tuku pūngao, engari ka whakamahia hei huarahi ki te rokiroki i te pūngao i ngongo mai i te rā.  Pātai: He aha ngā tukanga pūkoro o te catabolism?
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