Whakakīhia te rerenga e whai ake nei: I whakatūria te Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) me te Fenian Brotherhood i Ireland me te United States, i te tau 1858, e ngā kaitōrangapū rangatiratanga, tae atu ki ngā Young Irishers. I whakakorehia ēnei ki roto i ngā rōpū whai muri i te whakahaere
I muri i ngā whakaekenga kore ki Kanata e ngā hōia o Īera o te Pakanga ā-Iwi o Amerika, ka whakarewahia e te IRB a Clan na Gael hei whakakapi. I Ireland ano, i ngana te IRB ki te tutu patu i te tau 1867 engari, i te mea i tino whakaekehia e nga kaiwhakanao pirihimana, he ngoikore te whakaekenga.