I roto i te 1986 i kitea e ia te antiparallel whakawhiti hononga i waenganui i ngā apa ferromagnetic wehea e te paparanga non-ferromagnetic angiangi, a i roto i te 1988 i kitea e ia te pānga magnetoresistive nui (GMR). i kitea GMR i te wā kotahi, me te takitahi i kitea e Albert Fert i Université de Paris Sud. Kua whakamahia te reira whānui i roto i te pānui upoko o puku mārō hou.
Ko te tau 1988