Tirohia te wāhanga i raro nei, kātahi ka whakautu i te pātai i muri mai i te reo kotahi me te wāhanga:  Passage: Ko te Immunology he pūtaiao e tirotirohia ana te hanganga me te mahi o te pūnaha ārai mate. I takea mai i te rongoā me ngā rangahau o mua i runga i ngā take o te ārai mate ki te mate. Ko te tohutoro tuatahi ki te ārai mate i te wā o te mate uruta o Athens i te tau 430 BC. I kī a Thucydides e taea ana e te hunga kua ora ake i te mate o mua te tiaki i te hunga mate, me te kore e mate i te mate tuarua. I te rau tau 18, i whakamātauria e Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis te paitini o te poroka, ā, i kite ia he ārai ngā kuri me ngā kiore ki tēnei paitini. I te rau tau 10, i tuhia e te tākuta Pākia a al-Razi (e mōhiotia ana hoki ko Rhazes) te ariā tuatahi o te ārai mate, e kī ana i ārai i te hunga ora i te mate rewharewha i ngā mate ka pā mai. Ahakoa i whakamāramahia e ia te ārai mate i runga i te "te nui o te haumākū" i peia mai i te toto - na reira ka aukati i te mate kia puta mo te wa tuarua - i whakamaramahia e tenei ariā nga kitenga maha mo te rewharewha i mohiotia i tenei wa. Ko enei me etahi atu kitenga o te ārai mate i whakamahia e Louis Pasteur i muri mai i tana whanaketanga o te kano kano me tana ariā a te mate mate mate. Ko te ariā a Pasteur i te whakahē tika ki ngā ariā o nāianei o te mate, pēnei i te ariā miasma. I te tau 1891 noa iho i whakamātauria ai e Robert Koch, nāna i whakawhiwhia ki te Nobel Prize i te tau 1905, i whakapumautia ai ngā moroiti hei take o te mate tūroro. I whakapumautia nga huaketo hei pathogens tangata i te tau 1901, me te kitenga o te huaketo rewharewha kowhai e Walter Reed. He nui te ahunga whakamua o te Immunology i te mutunga o te rautau 19, na roto i nga whanaketanga tere, i roto i te ako i te aukati humoral me te aukati pūtau. He mea tino nui te mahi a Paul Ehrlich, nana nei i tono te ariā mekameka taha hei whakamarama i te motuhake o te urupare antigen-antibody; i mohiotia ana takoha ki te maarama ki te aukati i te mate kino i te whakawhiwhinga o te Nobel Prize i te tau 1908, i whakawhiwhia tahi ki te kaiwhakaara o te aukati pūtau, a Elie Metchnikoff.  Pātai: I te wā i tu ai tētahi pūkete e pā ana ki te ārai mate?
430 i mua i te Karaiti