ki te wāhanga i raro nei, me te ka whakahoki i te pātai i muri i roto i te reo ano rite te wāhanga: wāhanga: I roto i te iwi whakahaere i roto i te hapori, te whakatau i te kaituku take e kore te utu-mahi, me te tikanga e kore e whakarerekē i te whakahaere. hoki te iwi e kore e whakautu ki te maimoatanga, kia whakaarohia te ahurea sputum, me te ahurea mō te Mycobacterium tuberculosis kia mahia i roto i te tangata ki te mate pukupuku whai hua roa. Kei te tohua hoki aromatawai Microbiological i roto i te pneumonia kino, haurangi, asplenia, immunosuppression, HIV mate, me te haukotia waipiro. Ahakoa te ahurea toto pai, me te ahurea waipiro pleural whakapumautia tino te tātaritanga o te momo o te microorganism whai wāhi, he ahurea sputum pai kua ki te kia whakamāramatia ki te tiaki mo te taea o te colonization o te ara manawa. Ka taea te tūtohu i te whakamātautau mō ētahi atu rauropi motuhake i roto i ngā pakarutanga, mo
antigen ki Legionella me Streptococcus