Tirohia te wāhanga i raro nei, kātahi ka whakautu i te pātai i muri mai i te reo kotahi me te wāhanga:  Putanga: I roto i te puoro tawhito o te uru, he maha nga waitohu e whakauru ana i te waiata tuatahi, i te kaupapa ranei, a ka waihanga i nga rereketanga. He maha ngā papa o te waiata tawhito, e kiia nei he maha, pērā i te fugue, he momo o te counterpoint. I te nuinga o te wā, ka hangaia ngā puoro i ngā kaupapa, i ngā wāhanga puoro poto rānei, pēnei i te whakatuwheratanga o te Fifth Symphony a Beethoven. I whakapuakina e Richard Wagner te ariā o te leitmotif: he kaupapa, he waiata rānei e pā ana ki tētahi whakaaro, tangata, wāhi rānei.  Pātai: He aha te whakaaro i rongonui ai a Richard Wagner?
kaupapa matua