Ko te pānga i waenganui i te papatipu o te proton, me te o te irahiko ko e pā ana ki 1836. whakaatu Astronomical inenga e kua puritia te proton-ki-irahiko papatipu ōwehenga taua uara, rite te matapae e te Tauira Paerewa, mo te iti rawa hawhe o te ao. He hiko hiko o -1.602 × 1019 coombs, e whakamahia ana hei wae paerewa o ngā matūriki subatomic, a ka huaina hoki te huānga. He pānga paerewa tata o 2.2 × 10−4. I roto i te parau tumu o te Einstein o te papatipu <unk> pūngao, ōrite tenei papatipu ki te pūngao okioki o 0.511 MeV. Ko te ōwehenga i waenganui i te papatipu o te proton me taua o te irahiko ko e pā ana ki 1836. whakaatu Astronomical inenga e kua puritia te proton-ki-irahiko papatipu ōwehenga uara taua uara, no te iti rawa te hawhe o te irahiko, engari ko reira rite te tohu tōraro o te irahiko te
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