Ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā huaketo i runga anō i te pūtau kaihautū e pāngia ana e rātou: huaketo kararehe, huaketo tipu, huaketo pūngāwerewere, me ngā huaketo bacteriophage (huaketo e pāngia ana e te huaketo, e ngā te huaketo tino matatini). Ka whakamahia e tētahi atu whakarōpūtanga te āhua ā-rangi o tō rātou capsid (he maha he he hēlika, he icosahedron) te hanganga o te huaketo rānei (hei tauira, te aroaro, te kore rānei o te taupoki lipid). Ko ngā huaketo i roto i te whānuitanga o te rahi mai i te 30 nm ki te 450 nm, e te tikanga e kore e taea te kite i te nuinga o ratou ki te microscopes marama. Ko te āhua me te hanganga o ngā huaketo kua ako e te electron microscopy, NMR spectroscopy, me te X-ray crystallography. Pātai: He aha ngā āhua ā-rangi e rua o te capsid?
he heru, he icosahedron rānei