Baca bagian di handap ieu, tuluy ngajawab patarosan dina basa nu sarua jeung bagian: Passage: The quanta of an Abelian gauge field must be massless, uncharged bosons, as long as the symmetry is not broken; hence, the photon is predicted to be massless, and to have zero electric charge and integer spin. The particular form of the electromagnetic interaction specifies that the photon must have spin ±1; thus, its helicity must be Question: Sabaraha muatan listrik anu dipiboga ku proton dina widang gauge Abelian?
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