
<p><strong>Data</strong> are a collection of measured or otherwise observed or known values of variables. A <strong>variable</strong> is, as the name implies, something that can take a variety of values. In the medical example, it might be the severity of the symptoms after 3 weeks of treatment, while in Paul’s case, it might be the correctness of his predictions. In a statistical model, a <strong>dependent variable</strong> is a variable of interest, a variable which we aim to predict, explain, or descr