of applications is traditionally derived from the identity of the host on which they run. However, applications and hosts are very different objects that need to be referenced independently. Detailed discussion around this topic along with a conceptual foundation of AppSwitch is presented in this <a href=https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.02294>research paper</a>.</p><p>The central AppSwitch construct that achieves the decoupling between services objects and their identities is <em>service reference</em> (<em>refer