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<p>The vector version can have some advantages, both in convenience and in computational speed for some operations.</p>
<p>A third encoding would use a matrix:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb14"><pre class="sourceCode stan code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode stan"><span id="cb14-1"><a href="#cb14-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dt">matrix</span>[J, K] theta;</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class=