population fluctuates around the manager’s
target size of 1000, but the manager’s estimate of population size
deviates from its actual size due to observation uncertainty (compare
black and blue lines in the middle left panel). Because the waterfowl
have a direct negative effect on landscape yield, total landscape yield
(orange line of the middle left panel), along with the yield of
individual farmers (right middle panel), is low when waterfowl abundance
is high, and vice versa.</p>
<p>Only the estimate