languages. This can be a good choice if you want to share data with other applications/projects. However, XML is notoriously space intensive, and encoding/decoding it can impose a huge performance penalty on applications. Also, navigating an XML DOM tree is considerably more complicated than navigating simple fields in a class normally would be.</li>
</ul>
<p>To avoid the problems mentioned in each of the above (as well as many others), protocol buffers was created. They are the flexible, efficient, automat