CLASS_i)
&gt; &gt; ;;
&gt; &gt; ;; abbreviate
&gt; &gt; ;;
&gt; &gt; ;;   (forall (VAR_1 ... VAR_n)
&gt; &gt; ;;           (=&gt; (REL VAR_1 ... VAR_n)
&gt; &gt; ;;               (and (instance-of VAR_m_1 CLASS_1)
&gt; &gt; ;;                    ...
&gt; &gt; ;;                    (instance-of VAR_m_i CLASS_i))))
&gt; &gt; ;;
&gt; &gt;
&gt; &gt; ;; THE LANGUAGE OF SOWA'S UPPER LEVEL ONTOLOGY
&gt; &gt; ;;
&gt; &gt; ;; This ontology uses a first-order modal language, i.e.,
&gt; &gt; ;; a first-order language 