mportant applications in phonology:</p>
<section id="phonological-rule-application" class="level3">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="phonological-rule-application">1. Phonological Rule Application</h3>
<p>Transduction can model how phonological rules transform underlying representations into surface forms.</p>
<p>For example, transducing the underlying form /kæt+z/ through an FST implementing English plural formation rules would produce the surface form [kæts], showing how the plural morpheme /-z/ und