ifficulties that are not faced by
independent sample Monte Carlo methods. The first problem is
determining when a randomly initialized Markov chain has converged to
its equilibrium distribution. The second problem is that the draws
from a Markov chain may be correlated or even anti-correlated, and
thus the central limit theorem’s bound on estimation error no longer
applies. These problems are addressed in the next two sections.</p>
<p>Stan’s posterior analysis tools compute a number of summary
statistic