d specifying the covariance matrix
using the inter-study correlation
<math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mi>ρ</mi><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\rho</annotation></semantics></math>,
total heterogeneity
<math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mi>τ</mi><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\tau</annotation></semantics></math>,
and the standard errors
<math display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"