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<p>Stan uses a negated logarithmic transform for upper bounds.</p>
<div id="upper-bound-transform" class="section level3 unnumbered hasAnchor">
<h3>Upper bound transform<a href="upper-bounded-scalar.html#upper-bound-transform" class="anchor-section" aria-label="Anchor link to header"></a></h3>
<p>If a variable <span class="math inline">\(X\)</span> is declared to have an upper bound <span class="math inline">\(b\)</span>, it is
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