reatment Effect

We can never learn the treatment effect by looking at just one person.

Instead, we'll look at many people and try to estimate the **average treatment effect.**

`$$\begin{aligned}
ATE 
&amp;= \mathbb{E}[Y^1_i - Y^0_i] \\
&amp;= \overline{Y^1} - \overline{Y^0}.
\end{aligned}$$`

* `\(\overline{Y^1}\)`: average outcome if everyone had `\(T=1\)`.
* `\(\overline{Y^0}\)`: average outcome if everyone had `\(T=0\)`.

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But these are still just *potential* outcomes. ðŸ˜¢

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