for the electrons. This is
usually activated in metals or in systems where we have a transfer of
energy between ionic and electronic degrees of freedom. Beware: the
usage of electronic thermostats is quite delicate. The following information 
comes from K. Kudin: 

<P>
''The main issue is that there is usually some "natural" fictitious kinetic 
energy that electrons gain from the ionic motion ("drag"). One could easily 
quantify how much of the fictitious energy comes from this drag by doing a CP 
run, then