ce of a GLM.  For example,
  should the deviance be defined as minus twice the log-likelihood or
  does it involve subtracting the deviance for a saturated model?  To
  distinguish these two possibilities we refer to absolute deviance
  (minus twice the log-likelihood) and relative deviance (relative to a
  saturated model, e.g. Section 2.3.1 in McCullagh and Nelder 1989).</p>
<p>With GLMMs however, there is an additional complication involving the
  distinction between the likelihood and the conditional li