 fractional bits(width << bits), and to turn a fixed point into integer, shift right by the number of fractional bits(width >> bits).</p>

<p>To multiply, you do the multiply, and then you shift right by the number of fractional bits.</p>

<pre>(3.8 * 2.0) >> 8</pre>

<p>To divide, you first shift the numerator left by the number of fractional bits, then you do the division.</p>

<pre>(3.8 << 8) / 2.0</pre>

<img src='../media/refs/binary.png'/>

<h3 id='stack'>Binary Stack Encoding</h3>

<p>A <a href='conc