ass="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#a-single-population-doesnt-imply-statistical-homogeneity"></a>
</h3>
<p>Let us define a population, for which there are <span class="math inline">\(P\)</span> observable features. These features are statistically independent and identically distributed according to the mixture distribution <span class="math inline">\(\frac{1}{2}N(-2,1) + \frac{1}{2}N(2,1)\)</span>. This means that we flip a fair coin to decide whether a feature is drawn from <span class="math inline">