 only difference is how the result is handled at the very end. To address the discussion questions, although the <code class="language-c++ highlighter-rouge"><span class="n">pigLatinReference</span></code> function is marginally more efficient because it doesn't need to make a copy of the input string, <code class="language-c++ highlighter-rouge"><span class="n">pigLatinReturn</span></code> is probably more intuitive for both the caller and the writer: if the function's job is to somehow output some product