224;ngyu&#225;n</i> System in Ancient Chinese Astronomical Systems</h1><p>First draft: July, 2019</p><br><p><i>Sh&#224;ngyu&#225;n</i> (上元) played a very important role in ancient Chinese astronomical systems. From the first century to 1280, almost all astronomical systems in China were constructed based on the <i>Sh&#224;ngyu&#225;n</i> system. Ch&#233;n Z&#363;ngu&#299; (陳遵媯), a Chinese astronomer who studied the history of ancient Chinese astronomy, once said, "The history of the ancient Chines