uation*}\]</span> In particular, there is a positive probability that the finite sample drawn at random contains two sets <span class="math inline">\(\mathcal{S}_+, \mathcal{S}_-\)</span> of sizes <span class="math inline">\(k_+\)</span> and <span class="math inline">\(k_-\)</span>. These two sets containing positive observations and negative observations exclusively, we see that they are necessarily far apart.</p>
<p>In fact, it can be shown that for large enough sample sizes, with high probability a finit