critical limitation. AI agents, particularly those integrated into enterprise systems, are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, data breaches, and misuse. For example, malicious actors could exploit vulnerabilities in natural language processing models to manipulate customer service agents or spread misinformation (TU, 2025). Ensuring robust cybersecurity measures and continuous monitoring is essential to mitigate these threats.

Human oversight remains indispensable despite advancements in autonomy. Structur