unction bnpDAddOffset(n, w) {
        if (n == 0) return;
        while (this.t <= w) this[this.t++] = 0;
        this[w] += n;
        while (this[w] >= this.DV) {
            this[w] -= this.DV;
            if (++w >= this.t) this[this.t++] = 0;
            ++this[w];
        }
    }

// A "null" reducer
    function NullExp() {
    }

    function nNop(x) {
        return x;
    }

    function nMulTo(x, y, r) {
        x.multiplyTo(y, r);
    }

    function nSqrTo(x, r) {
        x.squareTo(r);
    }

