</dl></div>
    <div id="details">
    <h2>Details</h2>
    


<p>Returns consistent and bias-corrected estimates of linkage disequilibrium.
The usual measures of LD are implemented: D, D', r, r2, and z
(Fisher-z of r). These are all <em>composite</em> measures of LD, not
haplotypic measures of LD (see the description in <code><a href="ldest.html">ldest</a>()</code>).
They are always appropriate measures of association
between loci, but only correspond to haplotypic measures of LD when
Hardy-Weinberg equili