ly different results (Mullen 2014). In this example, the method used (“L-BFGS-B”, a well-established bounded optimization algorithm) returns the following log-likelihood values:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb29"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb29-1" title="1">fit_3sp<span class="op">$</span>log_likelihood</a></code></pre></div>
<pre><code>##      BEMA      CETE      LEMA 
## 428.38689  19.95048 410.45358</code></pre>
<p><strong>Including environmental