ty, such as (penalized) maximum likelihood estimates or maximum a posterior estimates, do not have these properties.</p>
</section>
<section id="predictive-estimates" class="level3 unnumbered">
<h3 class="unnumbered anchored" data-anchor-id="predictive-estimates">Predictive estimates</h3>
<p>In addition to parameters, other unknown quantities may be estimated, such as the score of a football match or the effect of a medical treatment given to a subject. In these cases, square error is defined in the same wa