le reader may be grumbling about angels and pins, so here's an example of cascade FM 
to show how strong this effect is:
</p>

<!-- CLM CASE
<pre class="indented">
(definstrument cascade (beg end freq amp modrat modind casrat casind caspha)
  (let ((cr (make-oscil freq))
        (md (make-oscil (* freq modrat)))
        (ca (make-oscil (* freq casrat) caspha))
        (fm-ind0 (hz-&gt;radians (* modind modrat freq)))
        (fm-ind1 (hz-&gt;radians (* casind casrat freq))))
    (run
     (loop for i from b