mechanical work as
foot-pounds, electrical work as watt-hours, and heat work as
BTU's <b>is not known!</b> A wide variety of physical experiments
have demonstrated a broad range of differing energy translation
effects. The intellectual edifice of Clausius' <b>conversion</b>
idea is crumbling, and no one should allow their thinking to be
constrained by it any longer. The results of physical experiments
have all but disproved it. The &quot;First Law of
Thermodynamics&quot; should be seen only as an ou