ion of emergence, that is, to put it in the roughest possible
    terms, the issue of whether &quot;the whole is more than the sum of its parts&quot;.

JA: If by &quot;whole&quot; we mean the object reality x, and if by &quot;parts&quot; we mean the
    parts of speech, so to speak, of the representation y, then the emergence
    of x beyond the y_j is hardly surprising, indeed, it's a corollary of the
    fact that the representation y is approximate, and thus it proves nothing
    about the potential emer