o/r/base/function.html" class="external-link">return</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">P</span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span><span class="op">}</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="co">#** created item classes of 1PL and 2PL models</span></span>
<span><span class="va">par</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span> <span class="st">"a"</span><span class="op">=</s