alled "cascade FM":
</p>

<!-- LATEX \sin(\omega_{c}t + B_{1}\sin(\omega_{m1}t + B_{2}\sin(\omega_{m2}t))) -->

<img class="indented" src="pix/fmeq35.png" alt="cascade fm">


<p>In CLM:
</p>

<pre class="indented">
(* A (oscil carrier (* B (oscil modulator (* C (oscil cascade))))))
</pre>

<p>Each component of the
lower pair of oscillators is surrounded by the spectrum produced by the upper pair,
sort of like a set of formant regions.
</p>

<table class="borderedm">
<tr><td>
<img src="pix/cascade.png" alt="