   the namespace argument
   *   the qualifiedName argument
   *   the expected exception, or null if none
   */
  ["", "", "INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR"],
  [null, "", "INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR"],
  [undefined, "", "INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR"],
  ["http://example.com/", null, null],
  ["http://example.com/", "", "INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR"],
  ["/", null, null],
  ["/", "", "INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR"],
  ["http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", null, null],
  ["http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace", "", "INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR