">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">out</span><span class="op">$</span><span class="va">vec</span><span class="op">[</span> ,<span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">]</span></span>
<span><span class="co">#&gt; NULL</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>We see that the second variable which is <em>population density</em>
is the main contributor to outliers in this dataset. Next we draw the O3
plot using <em>OutliersO3</em> package <span class="citation">(Unwin
2019b)</span>. O3 plots are int