thon argument will be None.
            </li>
<li class="listitem">
              if you want by-reference behavior, use ptr(aN) if aN is a pointer and
              ref(aN) otherwise. If a null pointer is passed to ptr(aN), the corresponding
              Python argument will be None.
            </li>
</ol></div>
<p>
          As for results, we have a similar problem: if ResultType is allowed to
          be a pointer or reference type, the lifetime of the object it refers to
          is probably being 