y</code>: the better the health, the lower the mortality. This is why there is a negative sign in front of <code>health</code> for the <code>mortality</code> variable. Similarly, if the patient is prescribed and takes the <code>drug</code>, the patient’s mortality is lower.</span>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<p><a href="#fig-drug-mortality-dag" class="quarto-xref">Figure&nbsp;<span>24.1</span></a> presents the simulation as a DAG. Every variable on the left-hand side of <code>&lt;-</code> has an input from 