valent to:</span>
<span class='fu'><a href='https://rdrr.io/r/utils/data.html'>data</a></span><span class='op'>(</span><span class='va'>rates</span><span class='op'>)</span>
<span class='va'>securities_returns</span> <span class='op'>&lt;-</span> <span class='fu'>apply_market_model</span><span class='op'>(</span>
    <span class='va'>rates</span>,
    market_model <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='st'>"mean_adj"</span>,
    estimation_start <span class='op'>=</span> <span class='fu'><a href='https://rd