the model to make sure that each profile plot shows a clear peak at the corresponding ML/REML estimate. The <code><a href="profile.rma.html">profile</a></code> function can be used for this purpose. See also Raue et al. (2009) for some further discussion of parameter identifiability and the use of profile likelihoods to check for this.</p>
<p>The <code><a href="profile.rma.html">profile</a></code> function should also be used after fitting location-scale models (Viechtbauer &amp; López-López, 2022) with t