art 1 of a case study in three parts, illustrating how we work with
longitudinal student-level records.</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li><p><em>Goals.</em>   Introducing the study.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Data.</em>   Transforming the data to yield the observations
of interest.</p></li>
<li><p><em>Results.</em>   Summary statistics, metric, chart, and
table.</p></li>
</ol>
<div class="section level2">
<h2 id="definitions">Definitions<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#definitions"></a>
