ss called <i>bagging the peaks</i>. The amount of trusted data for MMR data authentication thus remains a single hash. A MMR inclusion proof consists of hashes derived from the path connecting its leaf element to the peak of its mountain, along with the hashes of the peaks of all other mountains. Both sets of hashes are bounded by <i>log2(N)</i> in number.</p>
        <p>Because elements are all written sequentially, there is no need for intensive free space recovery techniques such as garbage collection or