r (or some other chapter of the C++ implementation,
      possibly the runtime system).
   </p><p>Second, using <code class="code">&lt;&lt;</code> to write and <code class="code">&gt;&gt;</code> to
      read isn't going to work with the standard file stream classes, even
      if you use <code class="code">skipws</code> during reading.  Why not?  Because
      ifstream and ofstream exist for the purpose of <span class="emphasis"><em>formatting</em></span>,
      not reading and writing.  Their job is to in