></div><h2>Description<a name="1"></a></h2><p>Modularity indicates the presence of dense clusters of related nodes embedded within the network. In many systems, we can find a partition of nodes into specific communities or modules. This modularity metric can be expressed for a bipartite network as: <a href="latex">latex</a> \begin{equation} Q_b = \frac{1}{E} \sum_{ij} \left( B_{ij} - \frac{k_i d_j}{E} \right) \delta(g_i,h_j), \end{equation} <a href="/latex">/latex</a> where @B_ij@ is the element in the bipa