       </div>

                    <h4>1. Setup phony targets</h4>
                    <div class="codeblock">
                        <span class="more" data-toggle="popover" data-placement="top" data-content="by default, make assumes that targets are files. however, sometimes it is useful to run commands that do not represent physical files - for example, making all targets or cleaning your directory. this specifies that the following targets are not file targets">.PHONY</span>: <span class="more" data-to