led the “kinetic energy” and the term</p>
<p><span class="math display">\[
V(\theta) = - \log p(\theta)
\]</span></p>
<p>is called the “potential energy.” The potential energy is specified
by the Stan program through its definition of a log density.</p>
</div>
<div id="generating-transitions" class="section level3">
<h3>Generating Transitions</h3>
<p>Starting from the current value of the parameters <span class="math inline">\(\theta\)</span>, a
transition to a new state is generated in two stages b