psilon\)</span>. The leapfrog algorithm
begins by drawing a fresh momentum term independently of the parameter
values <span class="math inline">\(\theta\)</span> or previous momentum value.</p>
<p><span class="math display">\[
\rho \sim \mathsf{MultiNormal}(0, M).
\]</span>
It then alternates half-step updates of the momentum and full-step
updates of the position.</p>
<p><span class="math display">\[
\begin{array}{rcl}
\rho &amp; \leftarrow
     &amp; \rho \, - \, \frac{\epsilon}{2} \frac{\partial V}{\parti