ons</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Three other shorthands exist, particularly useful for merge commits,
for naming a set that is formed by a commit and its parent commits.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <em>r1^@</em> notation means all parents of <em>r1</em>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <em>r1^!</em> notation includes commit <em>r1</em> but excludes all of its parents.
By itself, this notation denotes the single commit <em>r1</em>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <em>&lt;