/code> orthogonal to <code>Z[,1]</code> by
subtracting the projection of <code>X[,2]</code> on
<code>Z[,1]</code>.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r">
<code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">Z</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/cbind.html" class="external-link">cbind</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">X</span><span class="op">[</span>,<span class="fl">1</span><span class="op">]</span>, <span cla