al \theta}
\\[6pt]
\theta &amp; \leftarrow
       &amp; \theta \, + \, \epsilon \, M^{-1} \, \rho
\\[6pt]
\rho &amp; \leftarrow
     &amp; \rho \, - \, \frac{\epsilon}{2} \frac{\partial V}{\partial \theta}.
\end{array}
\]</span></p>
<p>By applying <span class="math inline">\(L\)</span> leapfrog steps, a total of <span class="math inline">\(L \, \epsilon\)</span> time is
simulated. The resulting state at the end of the simulation (<span class="math inline">\(L\)</span>
repetitions of the above three steps) w