tence; (2) is syntactically invalid and therefore meaningless; or (3)
is syntactically valid but does not express the meaning of the English
sentence.<br />

1.  Paris and Marseilles are both in France.<br />

    1.  ${In}({Paris} \land {Marseilles}, {France})$.<br />

    2.  ${In}({Paris},{France}) \land {In}({Marseilles},{France})$.<br />

    3.  ${In}({Paris},{France}) \lor {In}({Marseilles},{France})$.<br />

2.  There is a country that borders both Iraq and Pakistan.<br />

    1.  ${\exists\,c\;\;}