pe.html" class="external-link">%&gt;%</a></span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>    <span class="fu"><a href="vpcstats.html">vpcstats</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span> <span class="co"># Binning using ntile and xmean for midpoint</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">vpc</span> <span class="op">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="observed.html">observed</a></span><sp