 autocorrelation - when the time series is only 5 timesteps, all of the red noise populations read as white noise populations. When autocorrelation is strongly negative, as in the population at -0.5, short time lengths are slightly positively biased. This matches the findings of M. Kendall in his volume <em>Time-Series</em>, where he showed that there is a bias in autocorrelation estimates such that</p>
<p><span class="math display">\[ \hat{\phi} = \phi - \frac{1 + 3\phi}{T - 1} \]</span> where is the autoc