pBottom, width, height);
    renderer.setViewport(left, positiveYUpBottom, width, height);

    // return the aspect
    return width / height;
  }

  function render() {

    resizeRendererToDisplaySize(renderer);

    // turn on the scissor
    renderer.setScissorTest(true);

    // render the original view
    {
      const aspect = setScissorForElement(view1Elem);

      // adjust the camera for this aspect
      camera.aspect = aspect;
      camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
      cameraHelper.update();