integration algorithm that’s
specifically adapted to provide stable results for Hamiltonian systems
of equations.</p>
<p>Like most numerical integrators, the leapfrog algorithm takes discrete
steps of some small time interval <span class="math inline">\(\epsilon\)</span>. The leapfrog algorithm
begins by drawing a fresh momentum term independently of the parameter
values <span class="math inline">\(\theta\)</span> or previous momentum value.</p>
<p><span class="math display">\[
\rho \sim \mathsf{MultiNorm