9;s focus in analyzing questions of joint criminal liability was on conspiracy as
defined in federal law. In connection with that analysis, we addressed the factual question
whether members of the Trump Campaign ”coordinat[ed]”—a term that appears in the
appointment order—with Russian election interference activities. Like collusion,
”coordination” does not have a settled definition in federal criminal law. We understood
coordination to require an agreement—tacit or express—between the Trump