rithmetic precision</em>. This is just the
precision of the floating-point representation. After several
operations are chained together, the realized arithmetic precision is
often much lower.</p>
<div id="rounding-and-probabilities" class="section level3">
<h3><span class="header-section-number">15.3.1</span> Rounding and probabilities</h3>
<p>In practice, the finite amount of arithmetic precision leads to
<em>rounding</em>, whereby a number is represented by the closest
floating-point number. For example,