        We sometimes measure "learning" at the end of our traditional event. Sometimes 
        we don't even do that, for reasons that will become apparent. Either way, 
        we still have the problem of either trying to infer students' ability 
        to apply skills from a measure of what they learn, or of going back at 
        some point in the future - three to six months being typical - and asking 
        about application on the job. </p>
      <p>Neither is very satisfying. Why? It comes