ntrinsic to problem-centered designs. 
        You'll know, and better still management will know, that students have 
        successfully applied new skills and knowledge by the end of the event. 
        How? Simply by examining the work products. And that explains my earlier 
        point. It's no longer necessary to measure learning when you've got a 
        direct measure of applied performance. And who better to do the measurement 
        than managers, who have the most direct stake in the 