Inggih ida dane sareng sami, sampun pada pawikan, rahina mangkin
Prawaning Tilem Kepitu/Caturdasi Kresnapaksa Maghamasa, sane sampun
kaloktah kawastanin Rarahinan Siwa Ratri. Maosang indik Siwa Ratri,
sampun kalumrah pisan ring pambiaran, duaning ida dane umat Hindu
pamekas, sampun ngalaksanayang sabilang warsa.
Ring jagat Nusantarane pamekas ring Bali, indik Siwa Ratrine punika,
sampun dados unteng beblibagan ring pasantian, mapiranti antuk Kekawin Siwa Ratri Kalpa, pinaka sastra Jawa Kuno, sane kekawi olih Mpu Tanakung, ring Bali kabaos Kekawin Lubdhaka. Duaning makeh ida danene durung cacep ring basa Kawi/Jawa Kuno, para pangawi Baline katah makarya kekawian marupa Parikan Lubdaka, sane ngangge basa Bali Lumrah. Indike punika maka cihna umat Hindu ring Bali oneng ring daging cakepanne punika.
Unteng dagingnyane wantah satua, satuan Sang Lubdaka. Sang Lubdaka punika wenten maosang Sang Nisada, Sabara miwah Pulinda, sane mateges juru boros. Mungguing reringkesan satua Lubdaka, inggih punika :
Sang Lubdhaka kasarengin olih pianak
somahnyane magenah ring pucak gunung. Setata ipun madruwe geginan wantah
maboros, kangge upajiwa kulawarganipune. Ri kala dina nemonin caturdasi
kepitu, ipun maboros ngranjing ka tengahing alas sregep saha gegawan.
Nanging ring sajeroning pajalan ipunne nenten ngamolihang daging
tetujon, dados sayan joh pajalanipunne, ngantos kapetengan ring
tengahing alas. Kala irika ipun madruwe manah ajerih, yening ngoyong
beten sinah sarap buron. Raris ipun menek ring wit bilane. Taler ipun
ajerih duaning kiapnyane, yening pules sinah ulung sarap macan. Angge
ipun nungkulang kiap raris ngepik-ngepik daun bila, tur kaulungang ring
telagane, irika tan pajamuga nganenin Lingga pinaka linggih Ida
Sanghyang Siwa.
Gelising crita sampun semengan raris mulih ngusap-ngusap lima, duaning nenten mapikolih.
Suwening asuwe gelem tur nglantur padem I
Lubdhaka. Kacrita atmanyane kabingungan, tur kasingse olih watek
Kingkara Balane, kategul, kaseret lan katitig. Nanging tan asuwe rawuh
Gana Balane, sangkaning titah Sanghyang Siwa, raris kapendak kapaica
genah ring Siwaloka, sangkaning ipun nglaksanayang brata Siwa Ratri.
Inggih asapunika daging satuane.
Malarapan antuk satuane punika, iring titiang ida dane sareng urati
ring parindikan punika, ngiring rereh suksemannyane, duaning sang Kawi
waged pisan mingitang daging kekawianidane. Sang Lubdhaka setata
mamati-mati, himsa karma, ngamademang buron sane panggihipun. Sangkaning
nglaksanayang brata Siwaratri, sesampun padem atmanipune polih
Swargaloka.
Yening matra-matra pikayunin sinah nungkalik ring ajah-ajah
Karmaphala. Nanging yening uratiang pisan, I Lubdhaka, ri sampun padem
atmanipune sampun polih kasingse olih Kingkara Balane, nampi pikolih
himsa karmane, pamuput ipun polih genah suci Siwaloka. Kasinahanipun
iriki Ida Sang Kawi Wiku, Ida Mpu Tanakung, sinah madruwe tetujon sane
pingit, kangge ngetus pikayun ida danene mangda kayun ngamargiang
ajah-ajahan agama Siwaratri.
Sapunika taler parilaksanan I Lubdhaka, nungkalik pisan ring Dharma,
setata ngulurang indriya, mamati-mati. Punika yening rereh ring sesuduk
sang maraga suci, makadi ida para wiku, sane sampun patut prasida
mitetang indriya, nenten himsa karma, setata nyunjung Dharma ring
jagate. Iring uratiang I Lubdhaka janma biasa, wong pretakjana, manawita
pateh ring iraga lan ida dane sareng sami.
Elingang I Lubdhaka magenah ring alas gunung, napike sane prasida
kagarap, kangge nyambung kahuripan pianak somahipune ? Yen uratiang
wantah ipun nglaksanayang swadharma, duaning ipun sane kandelang ngruruh
pangupajiwa, kangge nglanturang kahuripanne, wantah majalaran maboros.
Kadadosan ipun I Lubdhaka satya ring Swadharma, tur punika sane
kalaksanayang kantos ipun padem. Tur ipun sampun nerima pikolih karman
ipun, nanging sangkaning Satya lan Swadharma, mapiranti antuk brata
Siwaratri, ipun polih swarga. Tur I Lubdhaka mapainget ring iraga sareng
sami, mungguing kautaman brata Siwaratrine.
Nanging yening ruruh ring sajeroning tetujon hidup i manusa, sane kabaos Catur Purusartha, Dharma, Artha, Kama lan Moksa.
Kasinahanne Dharma pinaka dasar angge ngruruh artha, kama, pamekas
moksa. Artha lan kama yang tan padasar Dharma, kabaos nirdon. Punika
duaning dharma, artha, kama patut pisan margiang becik-becik ring
jagate, sane angge piranti nyujur Moksa.
Raris wenten ring pambiaran maosang brata Siwa Ratri, wantah pinaka : Malam Peleburan Dosa. Indike punika patut rerehang pamargi pamatut, mangdane nenten ngirangang unteng sukseman Siwaratrine.
Malih iring titiang ida dane mikayunin, Satua Lubdhaka (Siwaratri
Kalpa), sane kekawi olih Mpu Tanakung, sane banget wenten sangketannyane
ring Rarahinan Siwa Ratri rawuhing bebratannyane. Raris wetu pitaken :
Sirake Mpu Tanakung punika ? Yening rereh suksemannyane wantah ida sang
maraga suci, sane sampun prasida mitetang indriya, tur prasida amor ring
sangkan paran. Mpu mateges sang maraga suci; tan mateges nenten; kung
mateges indria utawi smara.
Raris malih wetu pitaken, napike wantah I Lubdhaka sane maboros,
napike nenten Ida Mpu Tanakung, sane dados pratiwimba dados juru boros ?
Ring satuane sane kaborosin beburon sane mageng. Napike sukseman
beburonne punika ? Indike punika iring titiang sareng sami mikayunin.
Ring satuane kabaosang I Lubdhaka boya ja janma sane nandang dosa,
nanging ipun wantah mawak papa. Napike papane punika ? Taler wenten anak
maosang, iraga sareng sami puniki wantah juru boros ring jagate , manut
swagina lan swadharma soang-soang. Wenten sane morosin Dharma, wenten
sane morosin Artha, Kama. Wenten sane urati morosin ajeng-ajengan,
wenten sane morosin pangaweruh, wenten sane morosin smara, wenten sane
morosin kawisesan, tur sane lianan. Manawita iraga puniki
Lubdhaka-Lubdhaka sane kantun kapetengan, raris nunas galang ring rahina
mangkin nemonin Siwaratri.
Iring titiang malih mapikayun, uripe puniki waluya sekadi magenah
ring gedonge sane mauneb, sinah peteng dedet, asapunapi antuk mangda
mikolihang galang ? Iring titiang rawuh ring dwarane, getok-getok saking
tengah, mangdane prasida dwarane mampakang, sinah prasida manggihin
galang. Napi suksemanne punika ?
Iring uratiang malih sane kaborosin wantah buron sane ageng, sirake
sinengguh buron sane ageng? Nenten seos Sanghyang Pasupati dewaning
beburon, sirake sane nenten mapikayun nyujur Sanghyang
Pasupati/Sanghyang Widhi ?
Inggih ngiring cutetang, laksanayang yogane sekadi I Lubdhaka ring
rahina Siwaratrine puniki, mangda mikolihang tetujon sane pamekas.
Sakweh ning papanika sang yogiswara,
lawan iking wasana kabeh, yateka tinunwan de bhatara Siwagni, ri
huwusnya hilang ikang karmawasana, tamolah alanggeng samadhinira, tan
molah bhatara ri sira yan mangkana, ya ta matangnyan cintamani sira,
asing sakaharep nira teka,, sakahyun ira dadi, ndah wyaktinya kapanggih
ikang kasteswaryan de nira
(Sahananing kapapan sang yogiswara
rawuh ring karma wesana sami, sinah ical, kabasmi olih Ida Sanghyang
Siwagni, wantah langgeng samadhin idane nenten pisan obah, yening sampun
prasida punika, napi sane kapikayun pacing rawuh, napi sakaluire
kapanggih, sinah pacang manggihang kadegdegan).
Wenten pitutur Sanghyang Siwa, ring kaluihan Siwaratrine :
Sapapa niki nasa de niking atanghi manuju siwaratri kottama, sapapa nika sirna de nikang phalaning brata winuwusakenku tan salah
Sahananing papane, kasengsaranne punika
lebur sirna, sangkaning majagra (magadang) ring rahina siwaratri sane
utama, sakancanne punika sirna sangkaning brata sane sampun kajantenang,
sinah nenten iwang
Ida dane sareng sami sane wangiang titiang.
Napi sane atur uningayang titiang di wawu, yening rereh malih daging
kasuksmanne, kasinahan akeh sane kantun singid. Yadiastun asapunika,
iring titiang ida dane mapikayun, makadi :
Kawi lan Wiku; Aturu lan Atutur; Papa lan
Tapa; Yama lan Maya; Pasu lan Pasa; Indra lan Indria; Mona lan Moni,
Jagra lan Lupa; Brata lan Indria.
Kawi mapiteges sang pangripta/pengarang. Mahakawi, pangawi sane wikan. Ring Kakawin Astiakayana, wenten kabaos : “mangken
phalguna masa kepwan ing ulah kapetengan i hatingku tan sipi, …. de
nini rajah tamah pwa wreddhya, … yan tan sang wiku siddhawakya kadi
landep ing isu rasaning manah licin”.
Maka pralambang sang Kawi mabinayan ring sang Wiku. Di asapunapine
Wiku lan Kawi maraga tunggal. Wenten sang Wiku taler ida maraga sang
Kawi, punika taler wenten sang Kawi dados Wiku, sering kabaos Kawi Wiku.
Manut ucap ring ajeng, Sang Kawi kabaos ri kala sasih Kapat, wantah
sang Kawi prasida ngamedalang daging pikayun, mawetu Kakawian sane
mabuat, punika sane kabaos Amretamasa. Yening ri kala
jagat gulem peteng ri kala sasih Kepitu lan Kawelu, hujanne tedun, ri
kala punika Ida Sang Wiku tedun mapica ajah-ajah, maka panuntun nyujur
sane galang. Punika maka piteket ring rarahina Siwaratri. Asapunapi Ida
Mpu Tanakung ?
Aturu lan Atutur, aturu tegesnya sirep; atutur tegesnyane eling.
Kruna eling taler marti smreti, lan kruna atutur ring Kakawin Siwaratri
kabaos atanghi, sane madruwe kasuksman pateh.
Ring Pustaka Wrehaspati Tattwa kabaos ri kala bebabaosan Bhagawan Wrehaspati ring Bhatara Iswara, irika wenten kabaos indik turu, lupa lan papa
“….apan jatinikang mamangan menak
turunya, ikang turu magawe lupaning atma, lupa pweka ng inabhyasanya,
gatinya de nikang wuk turu, ya ta matangnyan dadi pasu ……”
Sang sane seneng oneng ngulurin indria
ring ajeng-ajengan, sinah leplep sirepnyane, sangkaning sirepe punika
mawetu sang atma lupa (tan eling) ring kasujatinne, sang sane setata
sirep kewanten pacang numadi dados beburon.
Sapunika taler pablibagan olih Ida Bhagawan Wrehaspati :
” …ndya teka luputa ring papa, matangnyan lepasa sangkeng naraka ….”
Asapunapi antuk mangdane prasida lepas sakeng papa, sinah pacang lepas sakeng papa naraka ?
Kacawis olih Sanghyang Iswara :
” ……..yan matutur ikang atma ri jatinya, irika ta yan alilang, sang atma juga humidepa saka sukha duhkhaning sarira ….”
Yening sampun Sanghyang Atma eling ring
kasujatiaane, pikayunne dados ening suci, duaning wantah Sanghyang Atma
sane prasidha uning ring suka duka ring sajeroning kayun.
Ring Kakawin Arjuna Wiwaha, wenten kabaos “amuter tutur pinahayu“
Papa lan Tapa, mateges sapasira ugi
sane kantun kaiket antuk indria, tan menget ri kajatinya. Sane angge
mucehang punika wantah Tapa, umeret ikang indria, ngubda wisayan
indriane antuk sane mawasta Tapa Brata. Brata utawi wrata, sinalih
tunggil ajah-ajahan agama Hindu sane mabuat, punika duaning ida sang
Wiku kabaos Wrati/Brati, sang sane prasida ngamargiang Brata (Wrati Sasana). Kruna brata mapaiketan pisan ring kruna Tapa “sampun ayasa angrencem tapa mwang brata, amangun tapabrata padha gong yoga“.
Yama lan Maya, Yama inggih punika bhisekan ida
Sanghyang Widhi, maka panepas sahananing karma ring Swargaloka. Maya
punikapikobet siluman sange ngiket ipun manusa. Sapasira sane kaiket
antuk Maya sinah pacang kakenen pikolih karma olih Hyang Yama. Elingang
atman sang Lubhdaka kasingse olih Yamabala.
Pasu lan Pasa, pasu mateges beburon lan pasa mateges
tali. Lalu ada kata Pasupati, bhisekan Ida Sanghyang Siwa utawi Rudra,
sane maka senjatanida Pasuyuddha (ri kala ngarepin sang Arjuna), sane
pinaka panugrahan Hyang Siwa ring Arjuna, pinaka Pasupati
Astra. Elingang asapunapi pamargin Sang Arjuna ri kala maperang tanding sareng Hyang Siwa Rudra.
“Anakku huwus katon abhimananta temunta
kabeh, hana panugrahangku cadusakti winimba sara, pasupati sastrakastu
pangarannya nihan wulati“.
Suksmanuipun, sahananing manah sane maka
pasu/kala/indria, patut kalepas tali panegulannya (pasa), wawu prasidha
nincap kasucian, mapanggih lawan Hyang Siwa. Manusa sane prasida lepas
(pasa) sane marupa pasu, punika maka pralambang polih panugrahan
Pasupati. Pasu – Pasa – Pasayuddha – Pasupati.
Indra lan Indria, elingang asapunapi gegodan Hyang
Indra ring ring Sang Arjuna. Ring tepengan Siwaratri, Lubdhaka sane
prasida nglaksana Japa (metik don bila), Tapa, Brata, Yoga lan Samadhi,
kapungkuran prasida molih Siwaloka.
Mona lan Moni, Mona mateges “meneng” tan
mabebaosan. Muni, sang maraga suci (Elingang satua ring Adi Parwa, Sang
Parikesit seda, sangkaning duka ring Muni sane Mona).
Jagra lan Lupa, Jagra, eling sang sane tan eling kabaos lupa.
Inggih ida dane sareng sami, kasuksman Siwaratine punika makelingang
mangdane iraga prasada eling/menget/jagra, maduluran antuk Mona lan
Upawasa.
Inggih asapunika jagra winungun titiang ring rahina Siwaratrine puniki, kirang langkung titiang banget nunas pangampura.
Puput.
OM Santih Santih Santih OM
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