Thermal expansion
Effects on strain

For solid materials with a significant length, like rods or cables, an estimate of the amount of thermal expansion can be described by the material strain, given by ε t h e r m a l {\displaystyle \varepsilon _{\mathrm {thermal} }} and defined as: ε t h e r m a l = (L f i n a l − L i n i t i a l) L i n i t i a l {\displaystyle \varepsilon _{\mathrm {thermal} }={\frac {(L_{\mathrm {final} }-L_{\mathrm {initial} })}{L_{\mathrm {initial} }}}}
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