B-tree
Definition

According to Knuth 's definition, a B-tree of order m is a tree which satisfies the following properties:

Each internal node's keys act as separation values which divide its subtrees. For example, if an internal node has 3 child nodes (or subtrees) then it must have 2 keys: a and a. All values in the leftmost subtree will be less than a, all values in the middle subtree will be between a and a, and all values in the rightmost subtree will be greater than a.

A B-tree of depth n +1 can hold about U times as many items as a B-tree of depth n, but the cost of search, insert, and delete operations grows with the depth of the tree. As with any balanced tree, the cost grows much more slowly than the number of elements.

Some balanced trees store values only at leaf nodes, and use different kinds of nodes for leaf nodes and internal nodes. B-trees keep values in every node in the tree except leaf nodes.
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