Latin script
Letters

Some examples of new letters to the standard Latin alphabet are the Runic letters wynn ⟨ Ƿ ƿ ⟩ and thorn ⟨ Þ þ ⟩, and the letter eth ⟨ Ð/ð ⟩, which were added to the alphabet of Old English. Another Irish letter, the insular g, developed into yogh ⟨ Ȝ ȝ ⟩, used in Middle English. Wynn was later replaced with the new letter ⟨ w ⟩, eth and thorn with ⟨ th ⟩, and yogh with ⟨ gh ⟩. Although the four are no longer part of the English or Irish alphabets, eth and thorn are still used in the modern Icelandic alphabet, while eth is also used by the Faroese alphabet.

Some West, Central and Southern African languages use a few additional letters that have sound values similar to those of their equivalents in the IPA. For example, Adangme uses the letters ⟨ Ɛ ɛ ⟩ and ⟨ Ɔ ɔ ⟩, and Ga uses ⟨ Ɛ ɛ ⟩, ⟨ Ŋ ŋ ⟩ and ⟨ Ɔ ɔ ⟩. Hausa uses ⟨ Ɓ ɓ ⟩ and ⟨ Ɗ ɗ ⟩ for implosives, and ⟨ Ƙ ƙ ⟩ for an ejective. Africanists have standardized these into the African reference alphabet.

Dotted and dotless I — ⟨ İ i ⟩ and ⟨ I ı ⟩ — are two forms of the letter I used by the Turkish, Azerbaijani, and Kazakh alphabets. The Azerbaijani language also has ⟨ Ə ə ⟩, which represents the near-open front unrounded vowel.
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