quality:corruption, quality:correction, linguistic:voice_change, structural:expansion
Supernovae

For an average supernova, approximately 10 57 (an octodecillion) neutrinos are released, but the actual number detected at a terrestrial detector N {\displaystyle N} will be far smaller, at the level of N ∼ 10 4 (M 25 k t o n) (10 k p c d) 2, {\displaystyle N\sim 10^{4}\left({\frac {M}{25\,{\mathsf {kton}}}}\right)\left({\frac {10\,{\mathsf {kpc}}}{d}}\right)^{2},} where M {\displaystyle M} is the mass of the detector (with e.g. Super Kamiokande having a mass of 50 kton) and d {\displaystyle d} is the distance to the supernova. Hence in practice it will only be possible to detect neutrino bursts from supernovae within or nearby the Milky Way (our own galaxy). In addition to the detection of neutrinos from individual supernovae, it should also be possible to detect the diffuse supernova neutrino background, which originates from all supernovae in the Universe.