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Criteria

According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, there are 4 types of criteria. The first one concerns sleep – excessive sleepiness, nonrestorative sleep, fatigue, or insomnia. The second and third criteria are about respiration – waking with breath holding, gasping, or choking; snoring, breathing interruptions, or both during sleep. The last criterion revolved around medical issues as hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, mood disorder, or cognitive impairment. Two levels of severity are distinguished: the first one is determined by polysomnography or a home sleep apnea test demonstrating five or more predominantly obstructive respiratory events per hour of sleep, and the higher levels are determined by 15 or more events. If the events occur fewer than five times per hour, no obstructive sleep apnea is diagnosed.