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"In rerum natura "

Lord Hope has, however,... attention to the foreseeability on the part of the accused that his act would create a risk... All that it is needed, once causation is established, is an act creating a risk to anyone; and such a risk is obviously established in the case of any violent assault... The unlawful and dangerous act of B changed the maternal environment of the foetus in such a way that when born the child died when she would otherwise have lived. The requirements of causation and death were thus satisfied, and the four attributes of "unlawful act" manslaughter were complete.