information:extraction, stylistic:tone
International law

In June 2021, the then United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women Dubravka Šimonović published a Model Rape Law, intended as a "harmonisation tool" for "implementing international standards on rape, as established under international human rights law, international humanitarian law and international criminal law, including as interpreted in the jurisprudence of relevant tribunals and soft law produced by expert mechanisms.": 1, 3 It stated inter alia: "Rape is an act of sexual nature committed without consent. Definitions of rape should explicitly include lack of consent and place it at its centre, stipulating that rape is any act of sexual penetration of a sexual nature by whatever means committed against a person who has not given consent.": 6 Its section "On consent" combined the Istanbul Convention's description of consent with Rule 70's illegitimate inferrals of consent, adding that "consent need not be explicit in all cases".: 7 It proposed an international age of consent at 16, not to criminalise "consensual sexual relations between children younger than 16", and a Romeo and Juliet law around the age of consent threshold.: 7 The Model Rape Law stated that "ack of consent is presumed where rape was committed by force, or by threat of force or coercion",: 7 or whenever a person was "incapable of giving genuine consent" for a wide range of reasons, including but not limited to being younger than age 16, "unconscious, asleep, or seriously intoxicated as a result of drugs or alcohol consumed voluntarily, involuntarily or unknowingly", or abused by the perpetrator's "relationship or position of power or authority over the victim".: 7–8