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General James Barry Munnik Hertzog, better known as Barry Hertzog or J. B. M. Hertzog, was a South African politician and soldier. He was a Boer general during the Second Boer War who served as the third prime minister of the Union of South Africa from 1924 to 1939. Hertzog advocated for the development of Afrikaner culture and was determined to prevent Afrikaners from being excessively influenced by British culture. In 1941, Hertzog, who had resigned after South Africa, against his efforts, entered World War II on the side of the Allies, issued a statement in which he openly praised Nazism and said South Africa needed to become a fascist dictatorship.