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Gender effects

In many civil law countries in Europe the majority of judges are women: in 5 countries (Slovenia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Greece and Hungary) women make more that 70% of judges of the first instance. In contrast, in common law countries (UK, Ireland, Malta and the United States) the situation is reverse: over 70% of judges of the first instance are men.

On the other hand, women are underrepresented in the Supreme Courts in the USA and all EU countries, except for Romania (in Romanian High Court of Cassation and Justice over 80% of judges are women).