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Demographics

In Thailand, Buddhism is the predominant religion, with a notable presence in Phuket. Approximately 20% of Phuket's population adheres to Islam, primarily descendants of the island's original Austronesian inhabitants. This Muslim community includes a substantial number of individuals of Malay descent. The ethnic composition of Phuket also includes a significant proportion of people of Chinese ancestry, many of whom are descendants of tin miners who migrated to the island during the 19th century. The Peranakan community, locally referred to as "Phuket Babas", forms a distinct part of this Chinese demographic, with historical links to the Peranakans of Penang and Malacca.

According to the preliminary results of the 2010 census, Phuket had a population of 525,018, including approximately 115,881 expatriates, accounting for 21.1% of the total population. However, these figures may not be entirely accurate, as the Phuket Provincial Employment Office has recorded over 64,000 legally residing workers from Burma (Myanmar), Laos, and Cambodia, suggesting a higher actual population. The Thai census of 2015 reported a population of 386,605 for Phuket.

During peak tourist seasons, Phuket experiences a significant influx of visitors, with the population increasing to over one million. Tourists, predominantly from Western Europe, China, Russia, and the United States, are drawn to the island around Christmas, contributing to this seasonal population increase.