structural:summarization, structural:scholar_edition, information:filtering
Impact of second- and third-generation sequencing technology

A. thaliana continues to be the subject of intense study using new technologies such as high-throughput sequencing.Direct sequencing of cDNA (" RNA-Seq ")largely replaced microarray analysis of gene expression,and several studies sequenced cDNA from single cells (scRNA-seq), particularly from root tissue. Mapping of mutations from forward screensis increasingly donewith direct genome sequencing,combined in some cases with bulked segregant analysis or backcrossing. A. thaliana is a premier modelfor studies of the plant microbiome and natural genetic variation, including genome-wide association studies.Short RNA-guided DNA editing with CRISPR tools has been applied to A. thaliana since 2013.