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Anticipated Stigma

Anticipated stigma can be defined as the expectation that one will face stigma from others in the future due to their HIV status. A common fear of pregnant people living with HIV is a loss of social connections, whether it is isolation from family, their significant other leaving them, or the loss of friends. These fears could lead to the refusal to disclose their HIV status. This form of stigma can also impact those who have an unknown status. For example, pregnant people who anticipate stigma based on HIV status may refuse HIV testing due to the impact the results may have on their lives if they receive a positive HIV diagnosis. This form of stigma can severely impact a pregnancy as it may lead some to not seek medical care, like avoiding healthcare facilities during birth due to the fear of facing stigmatization.