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Semiconductors

Phosphorus is a dopant in N-type semiconductors used in high-power electronics and semiconductor detectors. In this context, phosphorus is not present at the start of the process, but rather created directly out of silicon during the manufacture of the devices. This is done by neutron transmutation doping, a method based on the conversion of the 30 Si into 31 P by neutron capture and beta decay as follows: 30 S i (n, γ) 31 S i → 31 P + β − (T 1 / 2 = 2.62 h) {\displaystyle ^{30}\mathrm {Si} \,(n,\gamma)\,^{31}\mathrm {Si} \rightarrow \,^{31}\mathrm {P} +\beta ^{-}\;(T_{1/2}=2.62\mathrm {h})}