linguistic:paraphrasing, quality:correction
Stress and adverse life experiences

Stress may be a precipitating factor in the development of fibromyalgia. A 2021 meta-analysis of case-control studies found abuse and other lifetime stressors to be strongly associated with fibromyalgia. People with fibromyalgia had approximately three times the odds of reporting any type of abuse, and approximately twice the odds of reporting medical trauma or other stressors. A 2018 systematic review found low quality evidence supporting an association between fibromyalgia and traumatic events, and noted a lack of prospective studies. A 2014 review argued that existing evidence entailed too many methodological limitations, such as reliance on recollections and confounding, to support that physical trauma could cause fibromyalgia.