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Foundation of Verny

To establish its control of the region, Russia built Fort Zailiyskoe (Russian: Заилийское) between the Bolshaya and Malenkaya Almatinka rivers. Construction began on 4 February 1854 and was largely completed by autumn. The fort was a pentagonal wooden palisade with one side built along the Malaya Almatinka. Before the end of the year, it was renamed Fort Vernoe (Верное, "Loyal"), sometimes rendered as Vyernoe at the time. The palisade was eventually replaced with a brick wall with embrasures. The fort's main facilities were erected around the large central square for training and parading.

In 1867, the settlement around the fort was large enough that it was reorganized as the town of Almatinsk (Алматинск). Before the end of the year, this was renamed Verny (Верный, Vernyj).

On 28 May 1887, at 4 a.m., an earthquake almost totally destroyed Verny in 11–12 minutes.

By 1906 the population of the city had grown to 27,000, two-thirds of whom were Russians and Ukrainians.

On 3 January 1911 the city was almost completely destroyed with over 770 brick buildings collapsing as a result of the 1911 Kebin earthquake.