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Addition of carboxylic acids to alkenes and alkynes

In hydroesterification, alkenes and alkynes insert into the O−H bond of carboxylic acids. Vinyl acetate is produced industrially by the addition of acetic acid to acetylene in the presence of zinc acetate catalysts:

Vinyl acetate can also be produced by palladium -catalyzed reaction of ethylene, acetic acid, and oxygen:

Silicotungstic acid is used to manufacture ethyl acetate by the alkylation of acetic acid by ethylene: