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In nuclear physics, a decay product is the remaining nuclide left over from radioactive decay. Radioactive decay often proceeds via a sequence of steps. For example, ⁲⁳⁸U decays to ⁲⁳⁴Th which decays to 234mPa which decays, and so on, to ⁲⁰⁶Pb:
  - U 238 ⟶ Th 234 ⏟ daughter   of   238 U ⟶ Pa 234 m ⏟ granddaughter   of   238 U ⟶ ⋯ ⟶ Pb 206 ⏞ decay   products   of   238 U In this example:
  - ⁲⁳⁴Th, 234mPa,...,⁲⁰⁶Pb are the decay products of ⁲⁳⁸U.
  - ⁲⁳⁴Th is the daughter of the parent ⁲⁳⁸U.
  - 234mPa is the granddaughter of ⁲⁳⁸U. These might also be referred to as the daughter products of ⁲⁳⁸U. Decay products are important in understanding radioactive decay and the management of radioactive waste. For elements above lead in atomic number, the decay chain typically ends with an isotope of lead or bismuth. Bismuth itself decays to thallium, but the decay is so slow as to be practically negligible. In many cases, individual members of the decay chain are as radioactive as the parent, but far smaller in volume/mass. Thus, although uranium is not dangerously radioactive when pure, some pieces of naturally occurring pitchblende are quite dangerous owing to their radium-226 content, which is soluble and not a ceramic like the parent. Similarly, thorium gas mantles are very slightly radioactive when new, but become more radioactive after only a few months of storage as the daughters of ⁲⁳⁲Th build up. Although it cannot be predicted whether any given atom of a radioactive substance will decay at any given time, the decay products of a radioactive substance are extremely predictable. Because of this, decay products are important to scientists in many fields who need to know the quantity or type of the parent product. Such studies are done to measure pollution levels and for other matters.