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Toxicity

Soluble barium compounds have LD50 near 10 mg/kg (oral rats). Symptoms include "convulsions... paralysis of the peripheral nerve system... severe inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract". The insoluble sulfate is nontoxic and is not classified as a dangerous goods in transport regulations.

Little is known about the long term effects of Barium exposure. The US EPA considers it unlikely that barium is carcinogenic when consumed orally. Inhaled dust containing insoluble barium compounds can accumulate in the lungs, causing a benign condition called baritosis. The insoluble sulfate is nontoxic and is not classified as a dangerous goods in transport regulations.