linguistic:translation, stylistic:style_transfer, information:highlighting, structural:summarization
Development

Kannada, like Malayalam and Tamil, is a South Dravidian language and a descendant of Tamil-Kannada, from which it derives its grammar and core vocabulary. Its history can be divided into three stages: Old Kannada, or Haḷegannaḍa from 450 to 1200 AD, Middle Kannada (Naḍugannaḍa) from 1200 to 1700 and Modern Kannada (Hosagannaḍa) from 1700 to the present.

Kannada has it been influenced to a considerable degree by Sanskrit and Prakrit, both in morphology, phonetics, vocabulary, grammar and syntax. The three principle sources of influence on literary Kannada grammar appear to be Pāṇini 's grammar, non-Pāṇinian schools of Sanskrit grammar, particularly Katantra and Sakatayana schools, and Prakrit grammar. Literary Prakrit seems to have prevailed in Karnataka since ancient times. Speakers of vernacular Prakrit may have come into contact with Kannada speakers, thus influencing their language, even before Kannada was used for administrative or liturgical purposes. The scholar K. V. Narayana claims that many tribal languages which are now designated as Kannada dialects could be nearer to the earlier form of the language, with lesser influence from other languages.

The work of scholar Iravatham Mahadevan indicates that Kannada was already a language of rich spoken tradition by the 3rd century BC and that and based on the native Kannada words found in Prakrit inscriptions of that period, Kannada must have been spoken by a broad and stable population.

Kannada includes many loan words from Sanskrit. Some unaltered loan words (Sanskrit: तत्सम, romanized: tatsama, lit. ' same as that' ') include dina, ' day ', kōpa, ' anger ', sūrya, ' sun ', mukha, ' face ', and nimiṣa, ' minute '. Some examples of naturalised Sanskrit words (Sanskrit: तद्भव, romanized: tadbhava, lit. ' arising from that ') in Kannada are varṇa, ' colour ', pūrṇime, and rāya from rāja, ' king '. Some naturalised words of Prakrit origin in Kannada are baṇṇa, ' colour ' derived from vaṇṇa, huṇṇime, ' full moon ' from puṇṇivā.