linguistic:voice_change, structural:reformatting, quality:correction
Ziya Gökalp

In 2019, Erdoğan once again publicly recited Ziya Gökalp 's Soldier's Prayer poem, as he had done in 1997. According to Hans-Lukas Kieser, these recitations betray Erdoğan's desire to create Gökalp's pre-1923 ideal, that is, "a modern, leader-led Islamic-Turkish state extending beyond the boundaries of the Treaty of Lausanne ".