[{"bbox": [131, 154, 1164, 206], "category": "List-item", "text": "* Experience has shown that cluster organisation of farmers is essential for their successful integration into the value chains."}, {"bbox": [131, 209, 1164, 290], "category": "List-item", "text": "* Development of irrigation systems in arid areas are essential for the avoidance of Climate related shocks, in particular droughts, and for the avoidance of famines. Use of appropriate technologies and capacity building in operation and maintenance are essential for their sustainability, as well as appropriate management systems."}, {"bbox": [131, 290, 835, 317], "category": "List-item", "text": "* Climate Smart Mainstreaming allows for the avoidance of future shocks."}, {"bbox": [131, 318, 1164, 373], "category": "List-item", "text": "* Leveraging with contributions from other partners as well as with the government of Ethiopia avoids duplication and ensures synergies as well as bigger impacts."}, {"bbox": [93, 397, 1164, 452], "category": "Text", "text": "A gender analysis of some projects conducted by the EU Delegation showed a social determinant for health and development challenges due to links between gender and nutrition."}, {"bbox": [93, 475, 1164, 557], "category": "Text", "text": "As for social protection, the EU has been a contributor to the PSNP and similar programmes implemented in Ethiopia for over a decade. This continued contribution has led to the EU taking an active role in the steering of the programme. Some of the lessons adopted in this Action include for example:"}, {"bbox": [131, 570, 1164, 623], "category": "List-item", "text": "* Importance to maintain scope and size of PSNP safety net at scale in order to address increasing vulnerabilities and exacerbated poverty levels."}, {"bbox": [131, 624, 1164, 705], "category": "List-item", "text": "* Investing in productive assets through public works such as watershed, roads repairs, etc. proved its value added in supporting livelihoods, mitigating impact of climatic shocks (i.e. drought) and contributes to a local enabling environment for community development."}, {"bbox": [131, 705, 864, 733], "category": "List-item", "text": "* Shifting from short term food aid to more appropriate cash based responses."}, {"bbox": [85, 747, 417, 778], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 3.5 The Intervention Logic"}, {"bbox": [97, 790, 1161, 845], "category": "Text", "text": "The Action aims at increasing resilience of vulnerable rural populations to shocks and crisis that have an impact on food security, and the risk of falling into absolute poverty whether conflict or climate-related. It does so by:"}, {"bbox": [97, 855, 1164, 990], "category": "Text", "text": "Addressing a number of bottlenecks preventing adequate food production (outcome 1): acting upon the availability of improved seeds in both conflict affected and not-conflict affected areas (output 1.1); increasing the capacity to cope with climate related shocks through irrigation (output 1.2) and through Climate Smart Mainstreaming in agriculture, public works and natural resource management (output 1.4); and improving the nutrition status of vulnerable population, in particular children under 5 and women on reproductive age (output 1.3)."}, {"bbox": [97, 1000, 1164, 1109], "category": "Text", "text": "Providing basic social protection (outcome 2) through the PSNP (output 2.1-2.3), thereby enhancing the capacity of the most vulnerable groups to better cope and become more resilient to different shocks (i.e. conflict or drought). This will be mainly achieved through a) conditional or unconditional (cash and/or food) transfers, b) equal and inclusive participation in productive public works activities, and c) linkages of target population to available social services"}, {"bbox": [97, 1119, 1164, 1201], "category": "Text", "text": "In order to allow for a successful implementation, the action assumes political stability and absence of conflict in areas where it is to be implemented, as well as government commitment to enhance food security and address the needs of the most vulnerable populations."}, {"bbox": [1027, 1680, 1145, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 12 of 22"}]