[{"bbox": [83, 105, 1145, 159], "category": "Text", "text": "Violence erupted resulting in more than 830 civilian deaths to date, including more than 70 children. Many thousands of people have been detained."}, {"bbox": [83, 164, 1145, 270], "category": "Text", "text": "The crisis lead to large numbers of internally displaced citizens across the country, with many citizens going into hiding due to fear of arrest. The CDM has been successful in severely disrupting state functions and crippling the economy in order to undermine military rule. On April 16, leaders of elected parliamentarians formed a parallel civilian-led National Unity Government (NUG)."}, {"bbox": [83, 276, 1145, 331], "category": "Text", "text": "Following the coup many international development agencies terminated or put on hold cooperation agreements to ensure that no development aid was provided directly to the SAC or other military led Government entities."}, {"bbox": [83, 336, 1145, 576], "category": "Text", "text": "**Rakhine:** Rakhine is one of Myanmar's most fragile areas. Ongoing conflict with clashes between religious groups, poor socio-economic conditions and repeated human rights violations, an exodus of 730,000 Rohingya in August 2017 to Bangladesh and 120,000 internally displaced persons living in camps make Rakhine one of Myanmar's least developed regions, with high rates of poverty, unemployment and the lowest literacy rate in the country. Rakhine, where the support for the CDM movement remained weak, was less directly affected by the military coup, with no major demonstration taking place. Its fragile socio-economic situation is nevertheless exacerbated by the impact of the coup on the national economy, with disruption of transport and supply chains, disruption of banking services, increase of food and oil prices and shrinking remittances from Yangon. According to the 2014 population census, Rakhine is the state with the highest gender disparities in school attendance and unemployment of females."}, {"bbox": [83, 581, 1145, 742], "category": "Text", "text": "An estimated 580,000 Rohingya are currently living in Rakhine (about 240,000 in Northern Rakhine and 340,000 in central Rakhine). Before the coup about 38% of the children under the age of 5 were underweight and 14% were actually malnourished. Youth from the Rohingya communities, who are not prepared or trained for the labour market, and who were underemployed or unemployed before the coup, have now even less opportunities to have an income. Unicef estimates that Myanmar has around 141,000 children aged 3–17 in conflict-affected areas of Rakhine, Kachin and northern Shan States who are most at risk of remaining out of school and unable to access learning opportunities."}, {"bbox": [83, 780, 488, 805], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## Overview of the education sector context:"}, {"bbox": [83, 812, 340, 837], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Education crisis situation:"}, {"bbox": [83, 844, 1145, 1031], "category": "Text", "text": "According to the UN UPR (January 2021), despite the steady increase in the government budget allocation for education, many children still remain out of school. Conflict, economic hardship, and poor quality and relevance of education, were reported to be among the reasons for dropping out of school. This has been compounded by rural-urban disparities, and State and region disparities. Ethnic minority states, representing the geographical areas of seven main ethnic groups, had historically received the smallest budget allocations for education in the country, and literacy rates in those areas were all below the national average. There are also documented cases where the Tatmadaw had taken over schools and monasteries to use them as bases for their military operations."}, {"bbox": [83, 1063, 1145, 1171], "category": "Text", "text": "All government run schools and educational institutions have been closed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 and there has been no formal learning for an estimated 9.5 million students for the last 15 months. Parents and communities have been forced to arrange learning for their children on their own, with limited support from the Ministry of Education (MoE) and development partners pre-coup in 2020."}, {"bbox": [83, 1175, 1145, 1254], "category": "Text", "text": "Since the coup an estimated 125,900 basic education teachers (31%) and 19,500 higher education staff (55%) have been suspended from their positions after joining the CDM movement. This has significantly challenged the delivery of education services."}, {"bbox": [83, 1260, 1145, 1369], "category": "Text", "text": "The SAC announced the reopening of all schools and educational institutions on June 1st, 2021, however, it is unclear how many students have returned to BE schools and universities. Many families refuse to send their children to school as sign of solidarity to the CDM movement. Others fear the increasing attacks on school facilities. Attacks were also targeting teachers and administrators who have returned to work following the coup."}, {"bbox": [83, 1373, 1145, 1426], "category": "Text", "text": "It is highly unlikely that the SAC MoE will be able to reopen schools and enrol students at full scale in the coming months. This will result in millions of students without access to education in the foreseeable future."}, {"bbox": [83, 1433, 311, 1461], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Policies and Strategies:"}, {"bbox": [83, 1465, 1145, 1600], "category": "Text", "text": "The most relevant Myanmar policy and strategy document that will be supported by this action is the National Education Strategic Plan (NESP) 2021-30 Summary, which continues the reforms undertaken under the national Education Strategic Plan (2015-20). The NESP (2021-30) Summary was completed and under preparation for official cabinet submission and approval under the newly elected government, in the week immediately prior to the military coup on February 1, 2021."}, {"bbox": [1051, 1650, 1157, 1676], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 5 of 24"}]