[{"bbox": [96, 153, 1134, 495], "category": "Text", "text": "women. The majority of rural women (60%) work as unpaid workers on family farms. As the agricultural sector falls in the informal sector of the economy, labour laws are not applicable to agricultural workers. Their unpaid work is valued (using comparative median wages) at PKR 683 billion, representing 57% of all work done by women, and 2.6% of GDP. However, rural women's work is more than generally estimated. Women's multidimensional work that spans productive, reproductive, care, and community and social work does not get captured as the lines between work for economic gain, and work as an extension of household chores (livestock management) and on the family farm are blurred. The gendered division of labour (women included in transplanting, weeding, cotton picking, vegetable and wheat harvesting, care and management of livestock) is a barrier to women's access to technologies, training, or microfinance. Adoption of more efficient, labour-saving methods by agri-business and dairy development organisations is ignoring women's work and role and marginalising them as producers and managers. Female community livestock extension workers (CLEWs) are direly needed as standardisation of practices with market penetration in agricultural activities is leaving rural women out."}, {"bbox": [96, 523, 1134, 736], "category": "Text", "text": "Only 1% of entrepreneurs in Pakistan are women, compared to the 21% of the male entrepreneurs¹⁷; 20% of rural women are classified as own account workers (14% in agriculture and 6% in non-agri work). Support for microenterprises has remained limited to low return skills and enterprises with average loan size of PKR 25,000. Women's work as dairy farmers, vegetable producers etc. is not addressed. The National Financial Inclusion Strategy (NFIS)¹⁸ aimed to provide easy access to financial services to at least 50% of the adult population and 25% of adult women by 2020. Currently however few women, and especially rural women, have access to such services. Rural women are not prepared to cope with the changes resulting from urbanisation, climate change, environmental degradation and shocks, and technological innovations."}, {"bbox": [96, 763, 1134, 895], "category": "Text", "text": "Prior to the floods, the economy was already facing a difficult adjustment in a bid to regain macroeconomic and fiscal stability. Implementation of government plans for the necessary fiscal consolidation is likely to become more challenging given extensive relief and recovery spending needs and slower growth of tax bases due to weaker economic activity. Given Pakistan's limited fiscal resources, significant international support and private investment will be essential for a comprehensive and resilient recovery."}, {"bbox": [96, 923, 1134, 975], "category": "Text", "text": "**Identification of main stakeholders and corresponding institutional and/or organisational issues (mandates, potential roles, and capacities) to be covered by the action:**"}, {"bbox": [96, 1002, 1134, 1108], "category": "Text", "text": "The main stakeholders would be federal, provincial, public and semi-public institutions, service providing intermediate SMEs, business associations, chambers of commerce, herders, farmers, trade associations, women and poor population. The lack of coordination at institutional level (federal, provincial, district) will be addressed to increase the information flows and provide support to the private sector development."}, {"bbox": [96, 1135, 406, 1159], "category": "Text", "text": "**International post flood response:**"}, {"bbox": [96, 1162, 1134, 1267], "category": "Text", "text": "The action builds on the pledges of the International Conference on Climate Resilient Pakistan. In that forum, the Government of Pakistan presented the Resilient Recovery, Rehabilitation, and Reconstruction Framework and secured international support and forge long-term partnerships for building Pakistan's climate resilience and adaptation."}, {"bbox": [96, 1294, 1134, 1452], "category": "Text", "text": "The EU committed EUR 88 million for Pakistan's flood-affected population, and the action will address the main challenges of the livestock sector in one of three most affected areas. The EU is already engaging at federal and provincial levels to build upon previous actions, notably \"Growth for Rural Advancement and Sustainable Progress (GRASP) in Pakistan\" and \"Revival of Balochistan Water Resources Programme\". Under these actions, the EU in cooperation with the government foresee a twice-a-year steering committee at federal and provincial levels to discuss achievements and endorse strategic direction."}, {"bbox": [96, 1480, 416, 1504], "category": "Text", "text": "**Nexus with humanitarian response**"}, {"bbox": [85, 1572, 1142, 1622], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁷ Comparative Study of the Factors of Female Entrepreneurship in China and Pakistan, Open Journal of Social Sciences Vol.9 No.2, February 2021 https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=107324#ref40"}, {"bbox": [85, 1621, 405, 1645], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁸ https://www.sbp.org.pk/finc/NF.asp"}, {"bbox": [1038, 1682, 1143, 1705], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 8 of 29"}]