[{"bbox": [83, 106, 1145, 187], "category": "Text", "text": "national capacity for NDC implementation, tracking progress and reporting by upgrading the existing result-based monitoring and evaluation system. Rwanda also cooperates with the German Government (through KfW) to implement adaptation priorities, especially in sectors such as environment, forestry, water, and energy."}, {"bbox": [83, 243, 1145, 298], "category": "Text", "text": "**Gender equality and empowerment of women and girls:** As per OECD Gender DAC codes identified in section 1.1, this action is labelled as G1. This implies that gender equality is a significant objective."}, {"bbox": [83, 322, 1145, 456], "category": "Text", "text": "Despite progress made in the last decade, poverty of women is a major outstanding challenge for gender equality, and women continue to be under-represented in economic life. Rural women have restricted access to productive resources such as land, finance, credit and markets, and disparities exist in terms of literacy rates. The Action will promote gender equality across all actions, and gender specific activities (including gender-sensitive performance indicators) will be implemented."}, {"bbox": [83, 481, 1145, 642], "category": "Text", "text": "**Human Rights:** According to the EU and member states' Human Rights and Democracy Country Strategy for Rwanda, the intention is to pursue a continuous political and policy dialogue with the Government to support their plans for improved access to food and the fight against malnutrition which are addressed in the strategic plans from several ministries and advocate for their readiness to work together since most of the solutions to address these problems are interlinked. In this, we will closely cooperate with international institutions like WFP, UNICEF and WHO in their plans and efforts to address malnutrition issues and child health, especially the problem of stunting."}, {"bbox": [83, 667, 1145, 854], "category": "Text", "text": "As rights holders, efforts will be made to ensure that farmers are aware of their rights with regards to access to resources (incl. land, water, seeds, etc.), national laws and regulations linked to agricultural production, markets etc., state agricultural and rural support schemes and the possibilities to claim these rights. The Action will aim to ensure that authorities, as duty bearers, are aware of their obligations to fulfil national and international laws and regulations. Efforts will be made to ensure the Government of Rwanda can fulfil its obligation to ensure that the population, women, men, girls and boys in all their diversity, has physical and economic access at all times to sufficient nutritious, safe food to lead healthy and active lives leaving no one behind."}, {"bbox": [83, 879, 1145, 987], "category": "Text", "text": "**Disability:** As per OECD Disability DAC codes identified in section 1.1, this action is labelled as D1. This implies that the action is considered relevant for inclusion of persons with disabilities. The action will contribute to the following expected result: 'Increase of decent employment and income in rural areas for farmers, people living in vulnerable situations and in poverty and SMEs'."}, {"bbox": [83, 1012, 1145, 1200], "category": "Text", "text": "**Democracy:** A bottom-up, participatory approach to decision making in the agriculture sector is essential. Past efforts from the central government to pursue land consolidation and land protection, encouraging farmers to join savings and credit cooperatives, to use fertilizers and construct terrace hillsides faced some resistance from farmers, who considered it to be too top-down. Building on EU's past approach regarding the agricultural sector, efforts will continue to ensure participatory policy making, and that the voices of farmers are included in a meaningful way. This will not only help to improve buy-in from beneficiaries enhance likelihood of achieving targets but will have ripple effects on participatory good governance in the country in general."}, {"bbox": [83, 1224, 1145, 1276], "category": "Text", "text": "**Conflict sensitivity, peace and resilience:** A conflict analysis assessment has been carried out by the EU Delegation in 2021."}, {"bbox": [83, 1302, 1145, 1384], "category": "Text", "text": "Land disputes are among the most prominent causes of conflict in Rwanda today. Fair, inclusive and transparent laws and strategies for managing land and other natural resources are essential to continued peace and stability in Rwanda. Policy dialogue under this action will include a follow-up on this issue."}, {"bbox": [83, 1409, 1145, 1596], "category": "Text", "text": "**Disaster Risk Reduction:** The action will contribute to disaster risk management in Rwanda. Some of the more important risks in Rwanda are: floods, landslide and local droughts. The promotion of agricultural sustainable practices will increase the organic matter and so the fertility in the soil, it will also reduce runoff with more soil cover and so will reduce soil erosion. Water storage in soil will also been increased by agricultural practices, supported locally by relevant infrastructures like terraces or irrigation schemes. The promotion of agroforestry systems will also contribute to reduce the runoff, increase water storage, limit landslides and propose diversification to poorest farmers when facing rainfall shortage."}, {"bbox": [1040, 1663, 1158, 1687], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 14 of 30"}]