[{"bbox": [97, 153, 1135, 210], "category": "Text", "text": "Beneath these 4 strategic pillars, 14 energy transition programmes cover the all spectrum of energy, out of which 8 high priority programmes."}, {"bbox": [97, 225, 1135, 341], "category": "Text", "text": "This new action will contribute to the ETS high level programmes on “hydroelectric power development”, “expansion and improvement of the national electricity grid” and “solar and wind development” which contribute to the pillar 1. It will also participate to the high level programmes on “accelerating access to off-grid energy” and “mass dissemination of clean cooking” which contribute to the pillar 3."}, {"bbox": [97, 358, 1135, 500], "category": "Text", "text": "The EU has been one of the main partners in the energy sector in supporting the energy transition, especially promoting renewable energy solution versus fossil fuel option, in supporting the Mozambican emblematic programme “Energy for All” through grid existension and connection and in attracting the private sector investments in renewable energy generation (solar, wind and hydro) and renewable energy solutions for access, mainly off-grid."}, {"bbox": [97, 517, 1135, 631], "category": "Text", "text": "The action is embedded in the Global Gateway Strategy and specifically in the Africa-EU Green Energy Initiative.\nIt will reinforce the Team Europe Initiative (TEI) Green Deal for Mozambique, to engage in the transformational\nchange necessary to contribute to the global fight against climate change and guarantee long term sustainability,\nsupporting access to renewable energy in particular."}, {"bbox": [97, 648, 1135, 703], "category": "Text", "text": "The action is also in line with the GAP III Country Level Implementation Plan (CLIP), in particular through the.\n\"Growing Green\"¹¹ priority."}, {"bbox": [97, 716, 357, 748], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 2.2 Problem Analysis"}, {"bbox": [97, 763, 336, 790], "category": "Section-header", "text": "**Short problem analysis:**"}, {"bbox": [97, 790, 1135, 900], "category": "Text", "text": "Mozambique's energy sector faces challenges due to limited financial resources, including restricted access to local finance due to high collateral requirements and interest rates. Insufficient public investment and sovereign loans, alongside limited grant funding, have led to underdeveloped transmission and distribution networks, particularly in rural areas."}, {"bbox": [97, 919, 1135, 1091], "category": "Text", "text": "Reliance on private sector investment for generation projects, supported by public procurement or unsolicited bidding, has been insufficient. The Mavuzi and Chicamba hydropower plants were the last to undergo rehabilitation through sovereign loans provided by donors such as France and Germany, supplemented by grants from Sweden. Reintroducing concessional sovereign loans blended with grants to bridge the infrastructure gap in a sustainable way is part of this Action. This Action will mark the return of France and EIB with sovereign loans in the energy sector."}, {"bbox": [97, 1108, 1135, 1223], "category": "Text", "text": "Projects like the Tsate Hydropower Plant (HPP), funded publicly and managed by EDM (Electricidade de Moçambique), alongside transmission lines such as Massinga-Vilanculos and Nampula-Angoche, aim to improve electricity access in remote areas. This initiative will benefit households, businesses, and social facilities, reducing reliance on fossil fuels for energy."}, {"bbox": [97, 1240, 1135, 1496], "category": "Text", "text": "The energy divide is also gendered. Women are to a large extent responsible for household and community energy provision. Thus, without access to modern energy services, women and girls spend most of their day performing basic subsistence tasks, including time-consuming and physically draining tasks of collecting biomass fuels. This constrains them from accessing decent wage employment or other livelihood options, educational opportunities, and social and political interactions outside the household. At the same time, cooking with biomass is particularly detrimental to the health of women and children. Illnesses from indoor pollution result in more deaths of women and children annually than HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and malnutrition combined. Other important direct gendered health impacts include chronic diseases such as asthma, burns, injuries and violence against women and girls when collecting fuel from remote areas or at night12."}, {"bbox": [86, 1597, 491, 1622], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹¹CLIP Mozambique | Capacity4dev (europa.eu)"}, {"bbox": [86, 1620, 1091, 1646], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹² Open.Enabel - Belgian Development Agency / Mainstreaming gender in the (renewable) energy sector in Mozambique"}, {"bbox": [1037, 1681, 1145, 1707], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 7 of 33"}]