[{"bbox": [82, 104, 1147, 240], "category": "Text", "text": "A group of Parliamentarians elected in the 2020 general elections established the Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (CRPH) as the legitimate people's representation. The CRPH announced its objective to abolish the 2008 Constitution and establish a federal union. It removed all ethnic armed organisations from the list of terrorist groups declaring the de-facto government a terrorist organisation instead, and expressed its support to those who act against the illegitimate military council and are threatened by it."}, {"bbox": [81, 243, 1147, 671], "category": "Text", "text": "The CRPH announced the establishment of the National Unity Government (NUG). This cabinet includes lawmakers elected in the 2020 election, members of ethnic groups and key figures in the anti-coup protest; almost all are in hiding or in exile. The NUG aims at bringing together opponents to military rule, and marshalling local and international support for the restoration of democracy. The NUG invited all ethnic groups to join, but some have refused the invitation due to NUG linkages with the NLD. In parallel to these developments, the Tatmadaw is attempting to repress CDM leaders, media, civil society, political figures, and anyone opposing the SAC. In response, and in line with the NUG prospects to start forming the premises of a federal army, a series of People Defence Forces (PDF) started to emerge throughout the country. PDFs consist mainly of young people, equipped with home-made weapons, who aim at defending civilians against the military forces by various actions with varying levels of violence, intensity and efficiency. Some declared their affiliations to the NUG, others to their Ethnic Organisations, while others are even operating autonomously. Some urban guerrilla groups also appeared who are responsible for several hundred explosions until mid-June, and numerous killings and attacks of new regime low ranking officials and suspected SAC informants. These explosions and attacks cannot in most cases be clearly attributed to specific stakeholders, but it cannot be ruled out that some PDFs may be involved. Meanwhile, the NUG published a code of conduct to frame the PDFs' action. The UN has reported rape and sexual violence being part of a deliberate strategy to intimidate, terrorize or punish the civilian population, and they have been used as a tactic of war in Myanmar."}, {"bbox": [81, 706, 1147, 1052], "category": "Text", "text": "The initial political crisis is increasingly leading to a significant socio-economic deterioration, fast growing humanitarian needs across the country and substantial abuses and violations of human rights. In Yangon, Mandalay, Sagaing and other parts of central Myanmar, where conflict was previously rare, protesters and civilians have been repressed by the Tatmadaw and police, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of civilians nationally and detaining thousands of people by mid-June. Protest leaders, civil society activists, journalists, participants in the CDM and members of the general public have been targeted for arrest leading many to flee to non-government controlled areas, in particular to KNU-controlled areas in the Southeast. In mid- March, airstrikes were launched by the Tatmadaw in the Southeast resulting in about 20,000 people being displaced to the jungles. In the conflict affected areas of Karen and Kachin, crackdowns by Tatmadaw security forces, combined with protracted conflict between the Tatmadaw and EAOs, have already caused tens of thousands of individuals to be displaced. In Rakhine and Shan, an escalation in conflict is expected in the near future, with the potential for further large scale displacement. Tatmadaw and EAOs troop movements have been noted in conflict affected areas, while enrolment of youth in ethnic armies is reported. Moreover, the Brotherhood Alliance⁹ have threatened to end their ceasefire with the Tatmadaw."}, {"bbox": [81, 1057, 1147, 1219], "category": "Text", "text": "Meanwhile, new restrictions in Myanmar's banking system and collateral effects of the CDM have led to severe economic deterioration, creating concerns about a nationwide food security crisis that will disproportionally affect women and children, being especially vulnerable female headed households. Moreover, access to cash is becoming increasingly difficult for the population and organisations. The military government is also dramatically restricting access to information through internet shutdowns and cracking down on media outlets and information providers - further restricting the ability of the international response to react."}, {"bbox": [81, 1223, 1147, 1382], "category": "Text", "text": "Women activists and women organisations have been at the forefront of the pro-democratic movement from the beginning either as protest organisers, online mobilisers or active participants. The highly feminised sectors of health and education are among the first and most active in their engagement with the CDM and women civil servants - according to UNWOMEN updates- account for at least 64% of all public employees sanctioned or dismissed. 3 of the 17 ministers appointed by the NUG are women and 27% of the appointees while gender equality is listed among the Union values."}, {"bbox": [81, 1388, 1147, 1550], "category": "Text", "text": "Local actors and more broadly civil society play an incremental role in assisting the increasing number of people in need and advocating for a return to democracy and rights. Civil society, however, is facing a number of challenges related to a continuous shrinking of the space in which they operate. The main difficulties they are facing concern security and safety of their staff, registration requirements to operate, control of their accounts and access to cash and overall control of their movements and activities. Nevertheless there remain opportunities for civil society to play a key role in advocacy and in dialogue with local actors, especially in non-government controlled areas (NGCA). EU,"}, {"bbox": [71, 1595, 1157, 1646], "category": "Footnote", "text": "⁹ The Three Brotherhood Alliance, made up of the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), Rakhine Arakan Army (AA) and Kokang Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), is also known simply as the Brotherhood Alliance."}, {"bbox": [1050, 1650, 1158, 1676], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 5 of 23"}]