[{"bbox": [83, 105, 1147, 319], "category": "Text", "text": "At least 200 000 people in the rural areas are still without basic water supply, and the systems delivering water to 536 000 rural people need major repair, rehabilitation, or reconstruction (41% of systems in Karnali, as opposed to 34% nationwide¹²). The most common reasons include: source depletion; natural disasters, such as landslides and floods; substandard scheme design; weak management and limited fee collection; lack of Water Safety Plans (WSPs); and inadequate technical human resources and O&M budgets. Last, but not least, 128 000 rural people need quality improvement of the water they consume. It is also paramount to climate-proof the existing and future water infrastructure. The situation is likely to get worse under the climate change scenario, which is expected to influence the water availability and vulnerability of people."}, {"bbox": [83, 329, 1147, 464], "category": "Text", "text": "The challenge is to maintain the ODF status and to progressively move towards total sanitation. The sanitation situation is particularly harsh for women in Karnali, with harmful practices still prevalent during menstruation. 71.2% women of the mid-western mountains reported in 2014 having followed Chhaupadi menstrual exclusion. They were still 10.2% reporting the same in Karnali Province in 2019¹³. 60% of the province population were unaware of Chhaupadi being banned¹⁴. Menstruation hygiene is also a cause of concern in schools, leading to dropout."}, {"bbox": [83, 464, 1147, 518], "category": "Text", "text": "Identification of main stakeholders and corresponding institutional and/or organisational issues (mandates, potential roles, and capacities) to be covered by the action:"}, {"bbox": [83, 517, 1147, 624], "category": "Text", "text": "The main stakeholders are: Water User Associations (WUAs) and other community level user groups or committees dealing with WASH; Municipal bodies, private sector service providers (firms, individuals, NGOs and community based organisations supporting WUSCs on commercial or voluntary basis); provincial government and the Ministry of Water Supply at federal level for policy making, guidance and assistance and contributing to municipal budgets."}, {"bbox": [83, 634, 1147, 716], "category": "Text", "text": "The target groups of the intervention are the 42 municipalities and their staff; the WUSC, as well as other community groups (women groups, religious leaders, local decision-makers, as well as organisations of differently-able persons). The direct beneficiaries are part of the population living in the selected municipalities."}, {"bbox": [72, 743, 580, 777], "category": "Section-header", "text": "# 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTION"}, {"bbox": [87, 805, 495, 839], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 3.1. Objectives and Expected Outputs"}, {"bbox": [83, 849, 1147, 902], "category": "Text", "text": "The Overall Objective (Impact) of this action is to ensure availability of water and sanitation for all rural inhabitants in Karnali in a sustainable manner"}, {"bbox": [83, 902, 601, 930], "category": "Text", "text": "The Specific Objectives (Outcomes) of this action are to"}, {"bbox": [158, 930, 1147, 983], "category": "List-item", "text": "1. Strengthened enabling environment and governance for sustainable WASH services and GESI in the selected municipalities"}, {"bbox": [158, 983, 1147, 1035], "category": "List-item", "text": "2. People, in particular women and girls and those in vulnerable situation, use improved water supply services made available through the intervention"}, {"bbox": [158, 1035, 1147, 1089], "category": "List-item", "text": "3. People, in particular women and girls and those in vulnerable situation, have adopted sustainable total sanitation practices, hygiene and dignified menstruation practices"}, {"bbox": [83, 1089, 1110, 1116], "category": "Text", "text": "The Outputs to be delivered by this action contributing to the corresponding Specific Objectives (Outcomes) are"}, {"bbox": [158, 1116, 1147, 1168], "category": "List-item", "text": "1.1 Capacities of local actors to deliver participatory WASH services in line with GESI principles strengthened"}, {"bbox": [158, 1168, 1147, 1222], "category": "List-item", "text": "2.1 Functionality and safety of drinking water supply improved according to the extended Water Safety Plan approach (WSP++)."}, {"bbox": [158, 1222, 858, 1249], "category": "List-item", "text": "2.2 Functional and safe drinking water supply extended to unreached people"}, {"bbox": [158, 1249, 783, 1274], "category": "List-item", "text": "3.1 Institutional sanitation facilities and their maintenance improved"}, {"bbox": [158, 1274, 1042, 1301], "category": "List-item", "text": "3.2 Sustainable total sanitation practices, hygiene and dignified menstruation practices promoted"}, {"bbox": [87, 1319, 355, 1348], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 3.2. Indicative Activities"}, {"bbox": [83, 1364, 275, 1391], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Inception Activities:"}, {"bbox": [83, 1391, 1147, 1471], "category": "Text", "text": "TA recruitment and mobilisation (recruitment, logistics, setting up project management, planning and monitoring systems, baseline survey including GESI baseline assessment, preparation detailed work plan), selection of municipalities, assessment of capacity of municipalities and level of implementation of country systems."}, {"bbox": [83, 1481, 370, 1508], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Activities related to Output 1.1"}, {"bbox": [72, 1549, 1158, 1598], "category": "Footnote", "text": "0.933, placing it into Group 3 (countries with medium equality in HDI achievements between women and men), and Gender inequality index (GII) value of 0.452, ranking it 110 out of 162 countries in the 2019 index"}, {"bbox": [72, 1598, 662, 1623], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹² Department of Water Supply and Sanitation (DWSS) database, 2019"}, {"bbox": [72, 1622, 1158, 1670], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹³ MISC 2014 and 2019 data (mid-western mountain development area now correspond broadly to Karnali province. At national level, the percentage went slightly down from 2.9% to 2.5%."}, {"bbox": [72, 1670, 514, 1695], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁴ Survey conducted by Action Workers Nepal, 2017"}, {"bbox": [1051, 1694, 1158, 1719], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 6 of 17"}]