[{"bbox": [83, 105, 1147, 266], "category": "Text", "text": "1999, which established that women should be treated equally with men in terms of rights to acquire, hold, use and deal with land. The Employment and Labour Relations Act of 2004 prohibit discrimination in the workplace on the basis of gender, requires employers to promote equal opportunities, introduces maternity leave, and contains provisions protecting a mother's right to breastfeed and to be protected from engaging in hazardous employment. Similarly, Zanzibar's government has vowed to address gender-based violence (GBV) and several new pieces of legislation have been introduced to that effect and discriminatory laws revoked."}, {"bbox": [83, 270, 1147, 484], "category": "Text", "text": "In terms of access to justice, legal aid can assist in the structural transformation of women's role in society by providing them with a legal remedy in cases of GBV but also through facilitating access to inherited land and by empowering women through the ownership of capital and thus economic empowerment. In February 2017, the Legal Aid Act was signed and it entered into force in July 2017, followed by the Legal Aid regulations in 2018. The Act represented a major improvement in terms of access to justice for the most vulnerable people in Tanzania Mainland by widening the scope of legal aid services, and regulating legal aid providers. In Zanzibar, a Legal Aid Policy was approved in June 2017 and the legal Aid Act was enacted and became operational in 2018. Nevertheless, access to justice still remains one of the key obstacles to gender equality in Tanzania today."}, {"bbox": [83, 488, 1147, 782], "category": "Text", "text": "Women's participation at the central political level as well as within the private sector has improved over time. This is due, respectively, to the continued support from the Government, to women's participation by addressing challenges through designated seats in parliament¹¹ and targeted support to women's economic empowerment, including through Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF)¹² and the upcoming Women's Economic Empowerment Programme. The Tanzania Inclusive National Entrepreneurship Strategy (2017) aims to \"achieve the economic empowerment and effective participation in social progress of all citizens, including youth, women, the rural poor and other disadvantaged groups\" but the National Skills Development Strategy (2016-2021) makes only one vague reference to gender equality. Many Tanzanian women lack the adequate business skills to maximise outreach, profit or expand into new markets and sectors. This includes skills on marketing, business plan development, accounting, export regulations, administration, certification, contracting, tender procedures, computer literacy, use of ICT/mobile phones, to mention just a few."}, {"bbox": [83, 786, 1147, 920], "category": "Text", "text": "Despite an articulated legal framework, Tanzania ranks 140 out of 162 countries on the UN gender Inequality Index 2020. Whilst the country does better than the Sub-Saharan Africa average with regard to the maternal mortality rate, share of women in Parliament and labour force participation, it does not on the percentage of women with secondary education and the adolescent birth rate. Other dimensions of gender inequality, to be considered in Tanzania and not captured by this index, include women's \"time poverty\"¹³ and limited control over cash."}, {"bbox": [83, 925, 1147, 1006], "category": "Text", "text": "Considering the recent achievements but also challenges, the present action is aimed at supporting the consolidation of successes but also responses to remaining issues, building on the EU added-value and experience on gender equality and women economic empowerment, notably making use of the EU Gender Action Plan 2020-2025."}, {"bbox": [72, 1023, 283, 1051], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 2.2. Problem Analysis"}, {"bbox": [83, 1064, 1041, 1090], "category": "Text", "text": "The **problem analysis** follows the six priorities defined in the European Gender Action Plan 2020-2025."}, {"bbox": [83, 1095, 1147, 1151], "category": "Text", "text": "**Gender-based violence (GBV) and sexual reproductive health and rights:** Discrimination and GBV remain some of the most significant barriers for Tanzanian women and girls to achieve true gender equality.¹⁴ Although, the principle"}, {"bbox": [72, 1184, 1158, 1258], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹¹ Number of women in Union Parliament raised as follows: 45 (1995); 65 (2000); 90 (2005); 128 (2010), 136 (2015) ; in last year election, only 26 women were elected but the number raised to 139 thanks to special seats foreseen by legislator. A similar situation happened last year at councillor level, with 260 women elected and 1374 special seats."}, {"bbox": [72, 1257, 1158, 1546], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹² Since its creation, TASAF evolved into a comprehensive and integrated social safety net system. In 2012, the Government began implementing the scaled-up first phase of Productive Social Safety Net programme (PSSN), which attained its target of reaching one million households by September 2015, well ahead of schedule. According to the World Bank, without PSSN, basic needs and extreme poverty would have been much higher. The Government has identified PSSN as the key instrument to deliver social protection. Safety net programmes around the world have proven positive impacts for gender equality and women's economic empowerment, including i) enabling women's access to small productive assets such as livestock, as well as (in the long term) assets like land via access to credit; ii) promoting access to both formal and informal credit for both men and women, as the schemes' regular payments may be considered a loan guarantee; iii) in some cases, cash transfers to female-headed households lead to larger economic gains, because such households invest more in economic assets; and iv) increasing women's decision-making power and choices, including those on marriage and fertility, and reducing physical abuse by male partners, among other benefits. Social protection programmes are also a gateway to realizing broader long-term development goals including education, health, and other social and economic strategies for the women, households, and community at large."}, {"bbox": [72, 1546, 962, 1570], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹³ Tanzanian women spend more than three and a half times as many hours on unpaid care work as do men."}, {"bbox": [72, 1570, 1158, 1668], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁴ Tanzania Demographic Health Survey 2015/6 revealed that, about 40% of women aged 15-49 had experienced physical violence and 17% reported having experienced sexual violence. Only 9% sought some assistance from the police. More recently (2019), a total of 46.2% of women in Tanzania have experienced violence from an intimate partner (as a % of the female population aged 15 and older) which is much higher than the regional average and with limited progress recorded over the past 10 years."}, {"bbox": [1051, 1693, 1158, 1717], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 5 of 32"}]