[{"bbox": [83, 106, 1146, 291], "category": "Text", "text": "of equality is entrenched in the Tanzanian Constitution, personal and customary law are often outside the ambit of this principle. The application of customary law is the most problematic legal area in Tanzania for women as far as equity and equality are concerned; particularly in relation to ownership of property, inheritance and custody of children. National laws do not criminalise early marriage, spousal beating and polygamy against international protocols. Although Tanzania has implemented some important initiatives to reduce child marriage and pregnancy, the prevalence is still high and at current rates of progress, it will not achieve the SDGs in this area. Almost one in three Tanzanian girls marries as a child and almost one in four have their first child before the age of 18¹⁵."}, {"bbox": [83, 297, 1146, 537], "category": "Text", "text": "**Women economic empowerment and their role in the green and digital revolutions:** Tanzanian women continue to have a limited access to employment and financial inclusion. The country has one of the lowest gross tertiary enrolment ratios in Sub Saharan Africa, but this is beginning to change with the rapid growth of higher education, driven largely by the private sector. The Tanzania Social Action Fund aims to support vulnerable groups, in particular women and girls and have achieved some worth noting results but other measures¹⁶ are still needed with a view to women empowerment. Innovations are expected to allow more women entrepreneurs to advance from informal to formal business operators. Similarly, women should also reap the dividends from the green transformation and the digital revolution. Even if women/girls seem to have benefitted more from the access to digital products (see Action Document on Digitalisation), there is still way before reaching gender equality."}, {"bbox": [83, 537, 1146, 749], "category": "Text", "text": "**Leadership and participation, women's role in peace and security:** Recently, Tanzania's new president, Samia Suluhu Hassan, pledged to appoint more women in leadership positions, a move aimed at achieving the 50-50 gender parity in the Government. Yet, in spite of the President positioning herself as a champion of gender, efforts to meet parity by 2025 could not be sufficient if a behavioural change does not accompany the political will. In terms of peace and security, one can mention the issue of trafficking in human beings which disproportionately affects women and children - Tanzania has been experiencing increases in particular as a transit country. Work is currently ongoing to develop an action plan on gender, peace and security: support to existing victim identification and protection mechanisms at the national level could be a first step."}, {"bbox": [83, 750, 434, 775], "category": "Text", "text": "**Main stakeholders** are the following:"}, {"bbox": [83, 775, 1146, 935], "category": "Text", "text": "**Public sector – Duty bearers:** Ministries in charge of gender in Mainland and Zanzibar¹⁷ are the main counterparts in the Government but other public institutions may also play a crucial role for the action: President's office, Prime Minister's office, National Economic Empowerment Council, Ministries of Education, Constitutional and Legal Affairs, Industry and Trade (and their affiliated agencies e.g. for social protection or access to justice), local governments and parastatal organisations (e.g. Uongozi Institute training women leaders), the full range of service providers for survivors of GBV, including local and national health, justice, police and social services authorities."}, {"bbox": [83, 935, 1146, 1041], "category": "Text", "text": "**Non-State Actors:** Professional bodies like Tanzania Women Judges' Association, Tanzania Women Lawyers' Association or the Tanganika Law Society are prominent actors. Women entrepreneurs and main service providers working in the field of support to women's rights and empowerment should also be engaged as well as other civil society (police gender desks, paralegals), research organisations and private sector organisations."}, {"bbox": [83, 1041, 1146, 1094], "category": "Text", "text": "**People – Rights holders:** women, men, youth, children, community leaders, people living in the most vulnerable situations (e.g. women and men with disabilities, persons with diverse sexual orientation and gender identities)."}, {"bbox": [83, 1094, 1146, 1147], "category": "Text", "text": "**Donor partners:** almost all donors are active on gender, multilateral (e.g. World Bank, UN agencies) as much as bilateral ones (e.g. FCDO, USAID, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation), including all EU Member-States in Tanzania."}, {"bbox": [72, 1259, 1158, 1525], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁵ Recent World Bank study reports that just over one in four girls completes her secondary education, and that compared to 14 other African countries, adolescent girls in Tanzania have one of the lowest educational achievements. The report also goes further to provide evidence that two main contributing factors for low educational attainment are early child marriage and early pregnancy. The expulsion of pregnant students and the non-readmission of young mothers to school is a near universal practice in mainland Tanzania and can be traced as far back as the 1950s. Yet, there is neither an official law nor a national policy that clearly forbids pregnant girls from attending or re-entering school. In Zanzibar, girls are allowed back into school after giving birth as a strategy for reducing the number of dropouts. The President has recently clearly stated that pregnant girls and young mother should be allowed back into regular schools. Concretely, a lack of gender disaggregated WASH facilities in public institutions, and in particular in schools and health centres, also dramatically affect women's access to and/or use of these services. In the absence of a re-entry policy on the Mainland, government and development partner interventions aim to tackle the gender issues in education and support pregnant girls and young mothers to complete their education through strengthening alternative education pathways."}, {"bbox": [72, 1524, 1158, 1645], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁶ Such pro-poor measures aim to benefit women who have been comparatively disadvantaged (making access to finance easier; engendering new labour policies and laws; making access to international trade easier; enforcement of information campaigns and simplifying procedures for registration; engendering trade policies, strategies, programs and projects). Women continue to face across all sectors (more than 80% of them are engaged in agricultural activities) a wide range of challenges in accessing financial services, including but not limited to lack of collateral, lack of documentation, but also hesitation in using formal banking services."}, {"bbox": [72, 1644, 1158, 1694], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁷ Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children development in Mainland and Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender and Children in Zanzibar."}, {"bbox": [1051, 1694, 1158, 1717], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 6 of 32"}]