[{"bbox": [83, 105, 1147, 266], "category": "Text", "text": "The Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of Conflict in South Sudan (R-ARCSS) is more than a power sharing agreement. The R-ARCSS can also be seen as a roadmap for a reform process, as it comprises important elements of state building; security sector reform, economic and financial management and transitional justice, accountability, reconciliation and healing, permanent constitution making. It is an ambitious document requiring concerted political will and substantial resources to implement. The action will specifically address the areas of permanent constitution making process, judicial reform and public finance management which are linked to the R-ARCSS."}, {"bbox": [83, 276, 1147, 544], "category": "Text", "text": "**South Sudan still is in the process of a permanent constitution making.** In May 2021, the representatives of South Sudanese parties and stakeholders reached an agreement on a clear roadmap for the permanent constitution making process at the workshop convened by the Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission (RJMEC, the monitoring and oversight body of the R-ARCSS, supported by EU). Based on the outcome of the workshop, the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs will draft a legislation to govern the process. With the enactment of the legislation by the legislature, the process can then start. The bodies responsible for the implementation of the agreed process will require systematic technical support. The principle of public participation, consultation and representation of all segments of society has been anchored in the roadmap (resolution). Civic education, which will be conducted by the responsible body in cooperation with non-state actors, will require technical and logistical support."}, {"bbox": [83, 554, 1147, 739], "category": "Text", "text": "R-ARCSS emphasises that the Judiciary of South Sudan shall be independent and subscribe to the principle of separation of powers and the **supremacy of the rule of law**. It recognises the need for reform of the Judiciary which shall include but not be limited to the review of the Judiciary Act. The revitalized agreement includes provision how the necessary reforms shall be tackled. The starting point in the reform of the current judiciary is to establish an ad-hoc Judicial Reform Committee (JRC) to study and make recommendations to the revitalized government for consideration. Also, an independent, impartial and effective **Constitutional Court** shall be established in the transition."}, {"bbox": [83, 752, 1147, 886], "category": "Text", "text": "The government and state institutions do not have the capacity nor willingness to respond to the dire humanitarian situation and needs of its citizens, in particular on human rights, human development and basic needs. IHL violations towards civilians continue to be reported: indiscriminate attacks, destruction of health facilities, occupation of schools and other misconduct by weapon bearers. The government does not ensure unfettered access for a safe delivery of life-saving humanitarian assistance."}, {"bbox": [83, 897, 1147, 1005], "category": "Text", "text": "The **public financial management system** is opaque and overly depends on oil revenue. There is a need for structural reforms and wider (non-oil) revenue mobilisation. More budgetary allocations are needed for basic services (in particular for increasing access to health and education) and effective control mechanisms on actual and inclusive budgetary executions thereof."}, {"bbox": [72, 1035, 326, 1066], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 2.2 Problem Analysis"}, {"bbox": [72, 1078, 786, 1106], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Priority area: Good governance, peace and rule of law for a fairer society"}, {"bbox": [83, 1130, 1147, 1345], "category": "Text", "text": "Short problem analysis: At least three generations of people in South Sudan experience chronic insecurity as a result of repeated wars and conflict at multi-level. Reconciliation and human rights are key for the country to resolve past and ongoing grievances. South Sudan does not have a permanent constitution, an important element to build the social contract between the individual and the state. There is a need to reform the Judiciary including to ensure its impartiality and independence. In particular a separate constitutional court is to be established. The state does not respond to the multiple and dire needs of its population, in particular on basic services (education, health) and safe access for delivery of much needed humanitarian assistance is not ensured with IHL regularly being violated. These areas are key for sustainable development, growth, jobs and investment."}, {"bbox": [83, 1369, 1147, 1423], "category": "Text", "text": "Identification of main stakeholders and corresponding institutional and/or organisational issues (mandates, potential roles, and capacities) to be covered by the action:"}, {"bbox": [121, 1435, 294, 1462], "category": "Section-header", "text": "#### A) Right holders"}, {"bbox": [83, 1473, 1147, 1528], "category": "Text", "text": "**Representatives of the South Sudanese society** have a crucial role in the ongoing and upcoming reforms and processes which provide for direct and indirect participation of right holders, including:"}, {"bbox": [121, 1540, 1147, 1595], "category": "List-item", "text": "* **Youth:** South Sudan's young population needs to be empowered in the political, economic and rights-based approach agenda"}, {"bbox": [121, 1595, 1147, 1650], "category": "List-item", "text": "* **Women:** The considerable gender disparities need to be addressed. Girls and women in vulnerable situations need to be protected."}, {"bbox": [1051, 1662, 1157, 1687], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 6 of 21"}]