[{"bbox": [122, 131, 1144, 186], "category": "List-item", "text": "1. Distribution network is reinforced and rehabilitated and technical losses are reduced (supporting the energy efficiency improvement of the distribution network of NEDCo in the area of Tamale)."}, {"bbox": [122, 186, 1144, 265], "category": "List-item", "text": "2. Digital technologies are mainstreamed in the electricity sector (supporting the digitalisation of the sector, and therefore the commercial efficiency, through the deployment of digital metering systems and optic fibre along the network, and the development of Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)."}, {"bbox": [122, 265, 1144, 292], "category": "List-item", "text": "3. Technical assistance is provided to implement a gender action plan and improve NEDCo's financial situation"}, {"bbox": [83, 317, 1144, 421], "category": "Text", "text": "This action contributes to the TEI on Smart, Green and digital recovery in Ghana and is co-financed by France (AFD) in a Team Europe spirit. The EU contributes EUR 15.95 million of grant support to be implemented by the AFD and targeting specifically outputs 2 and 3. The output 1 will be financed by the AFD with an indicative amount EUR 18.3 million."}, {"bbox": [83, 450, 1144, 504], "category": "Text", "text": "In parallel, this action will also contribute to sustain safe and renewable energy production in Ghana, through the finalisation of Kpong and Akosombo dams retrofits; which will be done via an EIB guarantee for EUR 4.05 million."}, {"bbox": [83, 530, 1144, 610], "category": "Text", "text": "This action is aligned with the external dimension of the EU Green Deal Strategy, the EU Gender Action Plan III (2020-2025) and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It will contribute to SDG 7: affordable and clean energy for all; SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth; SGD 13: Climate action and SDG 5: Gender equality."}, {"bbox": [72, 638, 301, 670], "category": "Section-header", "text": "# 2. RATIONALE"}, {"bbox": [87, 700, 212, 727], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 2.1 Context"}, {"bbox": [83, 771, 318, 798], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Context and Challenges"}, {"bbox": [83, 823, 1144, 1089], "category": "Text", "text": "Ghana has an 85% electrification rate, among the highest in Sub-Saharan Africa, but (i) these rates of access are very uneven from one region to another (in three northern regions, Upper East – 63%, North East – 62.9%, Upper West – 78%, Savannah – 55.4%)3 and (ii) even for those connected to the grid, access to electricity is not always reliable, given the obsolescence of electricity transmission and distribution networks. Energy poverty, one aspect of broader economic poverty, is clearly identified in rural areas and has distinct gender characteristics that disproportionately affect women and girls. Lack of gender based data within the energy sector doesn't establish the individual involvement of gender in the entire energy value chain⁴. Ghana has shown commitment in ensuring gender equality and equity in political, social and economic development. Legislative framework and institutional architecture to promote gender equality are in place. A gender policy was established in 2015 and underlines inequalities are rooted in the social system and manifest in matters of access to energy⁵."}, {"bbox": [83, 1115, 1144, 1222], "category": "Text", "text": "Ghana's energy mix generation, historically dependent on hydroelectricity thanks to the construction of the Akosombo dam in the 1960s (1000 MW), is now divided between hydro power (29.9%) and thermal energy (69%). The installed electrical capacity is of 5,288 MW, with a dependable capacity of 4,842 MW, which is greater than the peak consumption of 3,090 MW."}, {"bbox": [83, 1248, 1144, 1302], "category": "Text", "text": "Renewable energies are struggling to impose themselves, despite favourable climatic conditions. The installed renewable energy production systems (NRE) represent only 98.9 MW (1.1% of total generation capacity in 2020)."}, {"bbox": [83, 1327, 1144, 1434], "category": "Text", "text": "Over the past decade, peak demand for the Ghanaian system has grown at an annual growth rate of 9.3%. Peak system demand in 2020 was 3,090 MW, about 10.2% higher than peak system demand in 2019. The peak export load (domestic load) was 2,682 MW; a marginal increase of 0.7% from the national peak in 2019. Total energy consumed, including losses, was 19,717 GWh versus a forecast of 19,685 GWh."}, {"bbox": [83, 1460, 1144, 1540], "category": "Text", "text": "A power supply crisis, characterized by a peak production deficit of 500 MW, profoundly affected the country in the period 2015-2016. This deficit was due to a lack of investment in energy infrastructure combined with the low availability of primary energy resources (low water levels and gas shutdown from Nigerian pipeline). Daily power"}, {"bbox": [72, 1596, 748, 1624], "category": "Footnote", "text": "³ https://energycom.gov.gh/files/2021%20published%20Energy%20Statistics.pdf"}, {"bbox": [72, 1622, 440, 1648], "category": "Footnote", "text": "⁴ Renewable Energy Masterplan (2019) link"}, {"bbox": [72, 1646, 385, 1672], "category": "Footnote", "text": "⁵ National Gender Policy (2015). link"}, {"bbox": [1051, 1671, 1157, 1696], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 4 of 22"}]