[{"bbox": [86, 134, 312, 166], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 3.3 Mainstreaming"}, {"bbox": [98, 188, 541, 216], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Climate Change & Environmental Protection"}, {"bbox": [96, 220, 1135, 513], "category": "Text", "text": "Mozambique is among the most vulnerable countries to climate change and weather-related disasters. These are becoming increasingly strong and more frequent, with devastating impact across sectors and on the provision of key services for human capital development, including nutrition. At the same time, environment-poverty linkages remain very strong, where increasing competition over land, tenure insecurity, unequal access to natural resources and a weak institutional framework contribute to exacerbate inequality and vulnerability. The impact of weather-related disasters are expected to increase the population at risk of malnutrition through multiple channels such as more frequent crop failures (due to floods or drought), diarrheal episodes due to inundated or unsanitary environments, contaminated water sources (related to open defecation), and premature infant weaning in households facing climate-induced livelihood shocks. Poor households are disproportionally affected by environmental degradation and climate change due to their vulnerability, high dependence on natural resources and low capacity to cope with external shocks."}, {"bbox": [96, 517, 1135, 785], "category": "Text", "text": "Within this context, this action will contribute to address climate change adaptation through the climate proofing of the construction/rehabilitation of WASH infrastructures and the promotion of the Build Back Better principles, including support to climate-resilience sanitation services at community level (such as rain-harvesting and water collection systems wherever is possible). Improved WASH will also have a positive contribution to the environment by reducing human-sourced pollution. Interventions targeting improved nutrition will also play a critical role in strengthening people's immune systems, thus contributing directly to community resilience. In terms of environmental protection, many of the activities at community level under this action will take place at existing facilities, with minimal/no change to the footprint, however paying attention to potential effect on the environment (ex. water management and waste management in health facilities). WASH infrastructures will use local material and renewable energy solution whenever feasible."}, {"bbox": [98, 796, 452, 823], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Outcomes of the SEA screening N/A"}, {"bbox": [98, 830, 1134, 917], "category": "Text", "text": "**Outcomes of the EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) screening** (relevant for projects and/or specific interventions within a project). The EIA (Environment Impact Assessment) screening classified the action as Category B (not requiring an EIA, but for which environment aspects will be addressed during design)."}, {"bbox": [98, 922, 1134, 1006], "category": "Text", "text": "**Outcome of the CRA (Climate Risk Assessment) screening** (relevant for projects and/or specific interventions within a project). The Climate Risk Assessment (CRA) screening concluded that this action is no or low risk (no need for further assessment)."}, {"bbox": [98, 1025, 637, 1053], "category": "Section-header", "text": "### Gender equality and empowerment of women and girls"}, {"bbox": [96, 1057, 1135, 1325], "category": "Text", "text": "The Action is scored G1 against the OECD-DAC Gender Marker. It is expected that this Action will contribute to the advancement of gender equality and women's empowerment. Malnutrition, especially stunting, in Mozambique have significant gender dimensions as there is a direct relationship between gender equality and maternal and child nutritional status. Improved diets and nutrition for women contribute to their empowerment and are key to break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition that traps families and communities in poverty. It is clear that 'good nutrition' underpins 'gender-transformative approaches' and empowering women and girls is key to tackling malnutrition. Given their role in the households and communities, if women and girls (including those that have disabilities or are otherwise more marginalised) are able to make choices around accessing resources and services required for improved nutrition, they can be fundamental agents in contributing to household food and nutrition security."}, {"bbox": [96, 1329, 1135, 1592], "category": "Text", "text": "The Action has a strong focus on increasing gender equality, by addressing multidimensional drivers of malnutrition across a range of key sectors. In particular the action will improve access to basic health services by nutritionally vulnerable groups and will promote the consumption of diverse and nutritious diets for women and adolescent girls within social and behaviour change communication/health promotion ('Adolescent Package'). The Action will make all efforts to ensure that women are part of the programme planning, decision making and implementation processes through the existing community platforms. Another important aspect to consider is the increased risk of violence and exploitation which young people (particularly girls) can experience during and in the aftermath of crisis caused by extreme weather events or armed conflict and forced displacement. This risk is heightened when food insecurity increases, when collecting water and firewood, or when staying in temporary shelters."}, {"bbox": [1027, 1680, 1143, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 14 of 31"}]