[{"bbox": [97, 152, 1134, 206], "category": "Text", "text": "**Diversification and Jobs** priority area, EU support will target investment promotion and trade, digital transformation and skills development."}, {"bbox": [97, 231, 1134, 445], "category": "Text", "text": "The proposed programme seeks to support the Government’s efforts in favour of economic diversification and green recovery by focussing assistance in the area of sustainable energy. EU support will specifically promote the expansion of renewable energies in the energy mix and the promotion of energy efficiency measures and actions, and thereby embark on a ‘just transition’ path. Sustainable Energy actions are linked with the aims of the EU’s Global Gateway strategy and investment package, constituting concrete measures to boost investments to support Africa’s green economic recovery. It is indeed foreseen to use the technical assistance provided under this programme to leverage funds from DFIs and the private sector in view of ramping-up investments in the sustainable energy sector."}, {"bbox": [97, 470, 1134, 578], "category": "Text", "text": "No TEIs are currently foreseen in Botswana. The scope for a TEI has been restricted due to the limited presence of EU MS (Germany, France) and the lack of bilateral envelopes. Options remain to pursue cooperation with Botswana through a Team Europe approach via means that go beyond direct financial assistance (e.g. expert exchanges, private sector engagement and/or policy dialogue)."}, {"bbox": [124, 616, 364, 648], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 2.2. Problem Analysis"}, {"bbox": [97, 690, 1134, 931], "category": "Text", "text": "Botswana is facing several environmental and socio-economic problems related to energy generation and consumption. The primary one is an electricity system largely based on fossil fuels, entailing high emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). The total electricity supplied in 2020 was 3,925 GWh, 63% of which was generated from coal and 8% from diesel; most of the rest was imported. The energy sector is the largest contributor to CO2 emissions, with electricity generation being a primary contributor: in 2015 the energy sector accounted for approximately three quarters of total national direct GHG emissions. The installation of new renewable energy plants will therefore be critical to reducing GHG emissions. According to the National Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement, Botswana aims at decreasing GHG emissions by 15% between 2010 and 2030, mainly through energy sector initiatives."}, {"bbox": [97, 955, 1134, 1143], "category": "Text", "text": "The exploitation of untapped renewable energy potential will have further considerable positive environmental and socio-economic impact by improving the country’s energy independence and reducing energy poverty. To meet its peak power demand, Botswana has to import electricity from the Southern Africa Power Pool (SAPP), mainly from South Africa (around 28% of total electricity supply in 2020). Given appropriate action and support, the renewable energy sector will also help create new jobs for women and for youth entering the labour market. It will also contribute to the realisation of human rights linked to basic service delivery, such as health and education, that benefit from improved access to energy and digital connectivity."}, {"bbox": [97, 1167, 1134, 1273], "category": "Text", "text": "Botswana is well suited for solar power generation thanks to a mix of positive factors: high levels of solar irradiation, low population density, and abundant land availability. The country also displays good wind potential in some regions. Despite these elements, the contribution of renewable energy to the total electricity generation mix is close to zero."}, {"bbox": [97, 1299, 1134, 1434], "category": "Text", "text": "The Government of Botswana has set a national electricity access target of 100% by 2030, and solar energy would help to address the problem of lack of electricity access, which mainly affects certain rural areas. National access to electricity stands at 64.8%, with consistent differences between urban areas at 81% vs. rural areas at 28%, which is a low value for an upper middle-income country (UMIC). The high cost of connection to the grid is one of the barriers for energy access in many regions, in particular for female-headed households³."}, {"bbox": [97, 1458, 1134, 1514], "category": "Text", "text": "In the past, the country has made some efforts in terms of energy efficiency policy frameworks and energy efficiency interventions, but it currently does not have a clear regulatory framework in some key fields, such as"}, {"bbox": [85, 1561, 815, 1587], "category": "Footnote", "text": "³ https://www.climateinvestmentfunds.org/sites/cif_enc/files/gender_and_re_digital.pdf"}, {"bbox": [1038, 1680, 1144, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 6 of 34"}]