[{"bbox": [95, 151, 1134, 339], "category": "Text", "text": "does not always see NSAs as the integral contributors of development process. Individual projects, implemented by NSAs at local level, may be appreciated by provincial authorities. But, there is not (yet) official acknowledgement of central government on the role of NSAs. 3) There have been significant obstacles when the Delegation tried to sell the idea of Financing Agreements, having NSA component in Action's design, to various agencies of the government (i.e. MPI, MoJ, etc.). The consequence was that the Delegation either failed to get the FA signed before the deadline (N+1) or experienced serious delays in having such NSA component up and run, due to cumbersome authorization processes."}, {"bbox": [95, 362, 1134, 630], "category": "Text", "text": "Building on the above political analysis and experience in engaging with NSAs, the EU-Viet Nam Women-led Green Partnership Programme will deliver on the external dimension of the EU Green Deal and the EU Gender Action Plan III, in order to address climate, environmental and gender equality challenges in Viet Nam. The Action aims to combine the “green lens” and the “gender lens”, in accordance with DG INTPA guidelines notably “Gender Action Plan III and the Green Deal”¹³. The key word of this Action is “Partnership” and its long-term vision is to strive for an enabling environment, which allows NSAs in Viet Nam to engage efficiently and effectively in the country’s development and governance process; including for example interaction with the Viet Nam Women’s Union, a mass organisation that is considered legitimate to represent the rights and interests of women and girls in Viet Nam and with its specific mandate in mobilizing all social entities, to promote the role of the NSAs in Green, Just and Sustainable development."}, {"bbox": [84, 669, 340, 701], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 2.2 Problem Analysis"}, {"bbox": [95, 715, 1134, 1380], "category": "Text", "text": "As discussed under 2.1, there is a significant gender dimension to climate and environmental action. Women have significantly lower participation in decision making, including in environmental and climate related matters and women have limited access and control over resources such as land property. Local committees on natural disaster prevention are mostly led and attended by men. Women face barriers in accessing new technologies, gaining knowledge of new climate smart agricultural practices and accessing Climate Information Services regarded as pivotal features to allow women taking decisions on planting and mitigating climate risks. The gap between gender and climate change can be reduced allowing women to i) have more information about water-saving solutions to save/conserve water resources that become scarce due to droughts in some areas and ii) shift to green climate friendly agriculture if properly knowledge is created. If women are not encouraged to participate in the political process, if they are not trained on climate opportunities linked to sustainable agriculture and related co-benefits, their needs will not be represented nor addressed. In order to identify specific women’s needs and vulnerabilities, there is an urgent need of sex-disaggregated data. Even though the government is implementing policies on climate change and disaster risk reduction, the intersection of climate change and disaster risk reduction with gender issues is often overlooked. This situation hampered its dimension during COVID-19 outbreak, as the paucity of gender oriented climate actions emerged, outlining the vulnerability of women. Difficult conditions of domestic work impede the resilience and rights of women. As outlined in the UN Commission on the Status of Women (Sixty-sixth session 14–25 March 2022), women’s survival rates are lower in disasters¹⁴ as the limited access to social protection and infrastructure increases their vulnerability to climate change, environmental degradation and disaster risks. In fact, women play a crucial role in climate actions and environmental sectors, which makes them well-placed to identify and implement effective and sustainable solutions. But they are still missing from environmental and climate change processes and leadership. There is a lack of mechanisms to empower NSAs to represent the voice of different entities in the society, to advocate for change, to serve as accountability agents and to act as service providers in relevant policy areas. So, the problems this Action seeks to address is the inadequate implementation of relevant international commitments, endorsed or ratified by Viet Nam and implemented in Viet Nam. These commitments may include:"}, {"bbox": [97, 1402, 1128, 1488], "category": "Table", "text": "<table><thead><tr><td>EU priorities</td><td>International commitments</td><td>Policy Instruments</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Green Deal</td><td>UNFCC; EVFTA (TSD chapter); VPA-FLEGT; Paris Agreement under UNFCCC;</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>"}, {"bbox": [84, 1547, 1142, 1573], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹³ https://myintracomm-collab.ec.europa.eu/networks/gfp/Guidance and tools/GAPIII Briefing note n. 3 Green Deal 202109.pdf"}, {"bbox": [84, 1572, 1142, 1644], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁴ Mary Picard, “Empowering women in climate, environment and disaster risk governance: from national policy to local action”, background paper prepared for the Expert Group Meeting during the sixty-sixth session of the Commission on the Status of Women, October 2021."}, {"bbox": [1037, 1680, 1142, 1704], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 7 of 26"}]