[{"bbox": [85, 150, 1145, 259], "category": "Text", "text": "that could arise from this new situation. In addition, it is possible that a new dynamic of Venezuelan migrants returning to Venezuela could emerge. Moreover, of the 2.6 million registered Venezuelan migrants in the country, 1.6 million have already been approved for temporary protection, which will allow them access to formal employment and social services, requiring effective means for socio-economic integration."}, {"bbox": [85, 269, 1145, 404], "category": "Text", "text": "Despite all the efforts, there are some major challenges in the implementation of migration policies and programmes mainly due to i) the absence of a unified institutional pathway and governance scheme for assistance and integration, ii) limitations in the supply of and comprehensive access to services for the migrant population, iii) enabling conditions to provide an adequate response, iv) limited local capacities and v) insufficient financing. The result is that the economic integration of the Venezuelan migrant population remains low⁸."}, {"bbox": [85, 414, 1145, 735], "category": "Text", "text": "Integration of the migrant population takes place at the local level, so integration policies must respect the needs of local communities and migrants. A territorial and local development approach must ensure that local authorities, private sector, CSOs and host communities are key actors in the process. Migration has also a disproportional impact on women, adolescents and girls, who are more at risk of human trafficking, labour and sexual exploitation and other forms of Gender-Based Violence (GBV). Migrant women encounter an additional disadvantage associated with the disproportionate burden of care and domestic work. Discriminatory gender stereotypes, violence against women and trafficking of women and young people for sexual exploitation remain major problems in Colombia. Abuse and exploitation of those groups in vulnerable situation migrating from Venezuela has reached alarming levels.⁹ Furthermore, there are other groups in highly vulnerable situations among the migrant population such as LGBTI, persons with disabilities, older adults, and vulnerable young persons in working age in vulnerable situation (including non-accompanied persons), who need special assistance. In addition, it is deemed important to address these vulnerability factors in a sustainable manner and improve resilience among those groups."}, {"bbox": [85, 745, 1145, 1065], "category": "Text", "text": "The country is a signatory of several international conventions and treaties that establish its commitments to the human rights of men and women and to gender equality, such as International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CED), International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD), and International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families (CMW). As a member of OAS, Colombia has signed the Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (\"Protocol of San Salvador\"), Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence Against Women (\"Convention of Belem do Pará\"), Inter-American Convention on the Forced Disappearance of Persons, and Inter-American Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Persons with Disabilities."}, {"bbox": [85, 1075, 1145, 1264], "category": "Text", "text": "Gender equality is reflected in the normative framework and in the National Development Plan 2018-2022 \"Pact for Colombia, pact for equity\" which, for the first time, includes a specific chapter on gender called \"Pact for equity for women\". The commitment is also visible in the legislative mandate that implements the gender budget tracker, which seeks to link the measures established for public investment with annual impact reports on closing inequality gaps between women and men.¹⁰ Responsibility for gender issues lies with the Presidential Council for Women's Equity (CEPM), which is attached to the Office of the Vice-President of the Republic, and the creation of the Ministry of Equality and Equity has been approved."}, {"bbox": [85, 1273, 1145, 1382], "category": "Text", "text": "Finally, the socio-economic integration of migrant, refugee and returnee populations in their host communities is a complex multidimensional process. Therefore, it is important to seek an integrative approach so that aspects that significantly influence effective socioeconomic integration such as health, housing, psychosocial care, soft skills, among others, are taken into consideration."}, {"bbox": [85, 1548, 1145, 1599], "category": "Footnote", "text": "⁸ According to information from the National Department of Statistics (DANE) as of February 2022, only 14,180 contributors to the Comprehensive Social Security System could be identified on the basis of the temporary protection permit document."}, {"bbox": [85, 1597, 436, 1622], "category": "Footnote", "text": "⁹ MIP 2021-2027 Colombia (europa.eu)"}, {"bbox": [85, 1621, 902, 1646], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁰ UNW, DANE, CPEM (2020). Mujeres y hombres: Brechas de género en Colombia (eclac.org)"}, {"bbox": [1038, 1680, 1145, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 7 of 32"}]