[{"bbox": [286, 152, 451, 257], "category": "Text", "text": "Army Warm,\nDesert Locusts,\nAnthrax and Foot\nand Mouth)."}, {"bbox": [770, 152, 1162, 282], "category": "Text", "text": "ensure close monitoring of pests and\ndisease outbreaks. The Action will support\ndevelopment of early warning systems to\nmitigate against adverse impact of\noutbreaks."}, {"bbox": [92, 286, 252, 310], "category": "Section-header", "text": "Lessons Learnt:"}, {"bbox": [92, 339, 470, 365], "category": "Section-header", "text": "Promoting Private Sector Participation:"}, {"bbox": [130, 366, 1161, 551], "category": "List-item", "text": "- The challenging context in South Sudan, and in particular, rural South Sudan, has made it difficult to attract private actors. Unless donors and development partners support initiatives that reduce risk for private sector actors and incentivise them to invest in the ‘harsh’ environments, it will not be possible for them to engage in a meaningful way. Findings from the end of UNIDO project (FEED/2014/353-881) evaluation observed that the private sector approach needs to be driven by a full involvement and ownership of private sector actors. The business enabling environment needs to be fully analysed to understand risks and possible intervention to mitigate against them."}, {"bbox": [92, 577, 539, 603], "category": "Section-header", "text": "Reducing deforestation and loss of biodiversity:"}, {"bbox": [130, 604, 1161, 656], "category": "List-item", "text": "- Providing *alterative livelihoods and income earning opportunities* is one sure way of promoting community ownership and buy-in of conservation efforts."}, {"bbox": [92, 682, 864, 708], "category": "Section-header", "text": "Increasing Production and Productivity in the agricultural sector of South Sudan:"}, {"bbox": [130, 709, 1161, 788], "category": "List-item", "text": "- Availability of good quality seed remains a challenge in South Sudan: Support towards development of the South Sudan Seed Sector needs to be prioritized, including ensuring the line Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security develops a robust seed certification system."}, {"bbox": [130, 789, 1161, 974], "category": "List-item", "text": "- Dependence syndrome remain high in South Sudan and could potentially affect market driven approaches: Continue to promote innovative ideas that promote private sector participation in agricultural development and inputs supply (both tools and seeds), including cost-sharing, and cost recovery approaches. There is also need for Area-Based Programming Approach (by donors) to ensure humanitarian and development programmes and projects do not undermine one another but rather positively complement and reinforce each other. Improved coordination with humanitarian agencies (including DG-ECHO) is necessary, included through coordination regarding the choice of intervention areas."}, {"bbox": [130, 975, 1161, 1104], "category": "List-item", "text": "- Government-led extension systems remain heavily under-funded and donors still carry the burden for extension delivery in the country, a situation that is not sustainable: There is need to promote private sector extension delivery systems whilst continuing to advocate to ensure the Government of South Sudan commits to the Malabo Declaration, and allocate at least 10% of National Budget to Agriculture Sector and related key line ministries."}, {"bbox": [130, 1107, 1161, 1157], "category": "List-item", "text": "- *Post-harvest losses* remain an issue for majority of smallholder farmers in South Sudan, accounting for up to 40% losses."}, {"bbox": [92, 1184, 838, 1210], "category": "Section-header", "text": "Linking smallholder farmers and producers to markets and increasing incomes"}, {"bbox": [130, 1211, 1161, 1263], "category": "List-item", "text": "- *Feeder roads* developed through EU funding and other donors have enhanced connectivity to services and markets in rural South Sudan, but the needs for infrastructure development remain huge."}, {"bbox": [130, 1264, 1161, 1370], "category": "List-item", "text": "- *Local markets* remain only option for the target groups but in most instances prices are low due to subdued demand. Whilst private sector participation is key to the functioning of markets, there is need to explore incentives for private sector actors to actively participate in market driven development interventions, including opportunities for risk-sharing, and the development business incubator/accelerator programme."}, {"bbox": [92, 1394, 723, 1420], "category": "Section-header", "text": "Youth and Women participation in Agro-value chains development"}, {"bbox": [130, 1421, 1161, 1473], "category": "List-item", "text": "- Whilst women provide the bulk of the labour force in the agriculture sector, they often do not have control over income resources following sale of produce."}, {"bbox": [130, 1474, 1161, 1552], "category": "List-item", "text": "- The focus on increasing area under production with investments in mechanisation such as use of ox-plough, and herbicides for weed control has created labour drudgery for women, who also have to undertake household chores, given the patriarchal nature of the South Sudanese society."}, {"bbox": [130, 1553, 1161, 1606], "category": "List-item", "text": "- Youth have not been directly targeted in the current projects and only participate in the agriculture sector as part of the wider household being targeted."}, {"bbox": [1027, 1680, 1142, 1704], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 21 of 39"}]