[{"bbox": [145, 133, 426, 161], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 1.4 Stakeholder analysis"}, {"bbox": [144, 175, 1086, 609], "category": "Text", "text": "Key stakeholders for this programme are the Ministry of Energy (MoE), the national utility Tanzania Electric Supply Company (TANESCO) and the Energy and Water Utilities Regulatory Authority (EWURA). The MoE is responsible for policy formulation. It also controls TANESCO and, to a certain extent, EWURA. TANESCO is a state-owned vertically-integrated utility company with a *de jure* monopoly position in the electricity transmission, a *quasi-monopoly* position in distribution and sale, and controlling 86.5 % of on-grid power generation¹⁵. EWURA is an autonomous multi-sectoral regulatory authority responsible for technical and economic regulation of the electricity, petroleum, natural gas and water sectors. In particular, it regulates tariffs, the operations of TANESCO, independent power producers (IPPs) and mini-grids. Another counterpart of this action is the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), an autonomous public office in charge of providing official statistics and ensuring their quality. The National Carbon Monitoring Centre (NCMC) for GHG emission statistics. The Rural Energy Agency (REA), a Government agency under MoE in charge of rural electrification, is the beneficiary of a sizable ongoing EU support but is not a major counterpart for this specific programme."}, {"bbox": [145, 620, 1085, 707], "category": "Text", "text": "Several Development Partners (DPs) are active in the sector and provide complementary support to this action. DPs coordinate their actions through the Energy Development Partners Group (EDPG) that the EU co-chaired in 2017-2019."}, {"bbox": [145, 720, 1086, 922], "category": "Text", "text": "Sectoral Business Associations are also important stakeholders, providing updates on opportunities and challenges in the energy business environment in Tanzania. Collaboration with Civil Society actors will play an important role to embed cross-cutting perspectives in the programme, including the 'Tanzania National Gender and Sustainable Energy Network' (TANGSEN). Direct beneficiaries of this programme are the duty-bearers, the Government and related public entities. The ultimate beneficiaries are the right holders, Tanzania's energy consumers, taxpayers and the population at large - women, men, girls and boys."}, {"bbox": [145, 947, 668, 976], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## 1.5 Problem analysis/priority areas for support"}, {"bbox": [145, 988, 1086, 1423], "category": "Text", "text": "About two-thirds of Tanzanians do not have access to electricity. Lack of access to modern energy services profoundly affects concerned communities and, among others, it translates into lack of access to proper education, health services, and business opportunities. Lack of access to clean energy for cooking also has a negative impact on women's and children's health. It also prevents them from doing schoolwork or other activities as they are in charge of collecting firewood which takes a lot of time. For those Tanzanians who do have access, many are still experiencing problems with the reliability and quality of their electricity service. This affects people's quality of life and can be particularly damaging for businesses - from small village businesses to big manufacturing industries¹⁶. Whilst there is certainly the need to increase the overall quantity of supply, an equally important issue is how to improve customer perceptions of quality of supply. Taking Dar es Salaam as an example, many of the reliability issues are caused by the distribution network rather than the lack of supply (e.g. cold cabling or unreliable transformers). With regard to mini-grids, in some instances there are concerns by the rural population about the end-user cost of electricity supplied, especially when compared to TANESCO's low consumption tariff for rural areas."}, {"bbox": [145, 1435, 1086, 1493], "category": "Text", "text": "In the electricity sector, TANESCO's financial situation worsened significantly with the recourse to expensive emergency generation after heavy droughts in 2003 and 2011, which"}, {"bbox": [145, 1547, 545, 1569], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁵ TANESCO's Grid Control Centre, 14 March 2019."}, {"bbox": [145, 1569, 1085, 1633], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁶ The 2013 World Bank Enterprise Surveys showed that power outages in Tanzania cost businesses about 15 % of annual sales and greater availability of energy has been shown to lead to higher income, more jobs, and improved educational attainments at the individual household level."}, {"bbox": [608, 1674, 623, 1696], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "8"}]