[{"bbox": [97, 153, 1135, 233], "category": "Text", "text": "comparatively poor infrastructure provision. WASH services in Northern Uganda do not meet national standards at many places. In addition, the north is particularly affected by the influx of refugees. Current estimates suggest that about 57% of the refugees in Uganda are settled in the north."}, {"bbox": [97, 245, 1135, 378], "category": "Text", "text": "Moreover, the lack of access to sanitation and hygiene facilities and safe drinking water disproportionately impacts women and girls. First, women and girls are usually the ones responsible for gathering water for their families, increasing their exposure to violence and increasing the time dedicated to household work preventing them to getting education or gaining employment. Second, women and girls have specific hygienic needs when menstruating, pregnancy and birth. Unsanitary conditions can increase to protection and health risks for them."}, {"bbox": [97, 390, 1135, 471], "category": "Text", "text": "The above-mentioned *Water and Environment Sector Refugee Response Plan* (WESRRP) not only identifies the challenges of already inadequate infrastructure due to a constant influx of refugees, but also states the impact of climate change, as a key challenge for the country for the coming years."}, {"bbox": [97, 483, 243, 509], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## Climate change"}, {"bbox": [97, 521, 1135, 893], "category": "Text", "text": "Extreme weather events such as heavy rains, droughts, storms or landslides have repeatedly affected all regions, large parts of the population and important sectors of the economy throughout Uganda's history. Extreme weather events are predicted to become more frequent and intense due to climate change. According to the *Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative's matrix* Uganda is on the one hand particularly affected by climate change (\"high vulnerability\") and on the other hand not sufficiently prepared for climate and environmental change (\"low readiness\"). Extreme weather events have a direct negative impact on water and sanitation infrastructure, that can be damaged and affect access to safe water for refugees and hosting communities. Water resources may become unavailable or can be contaminated, all of which raises health at risk and poses a threat to the environment. Women are also disproportionally affected by the impact of climate change. Their risks and vulnerabilities are visible in the several areas: in restricted land rights, lack of access to financial resources, training, and technology, and limited access to political decision-making spheres often prevent them from upholding their role in tackling climate change, environmental risks/disaster.³ Despite of this, women play a critical role in climate change adaptation and mitigation although their role has been limited due to traditional social norms and social practices that hinder women's capacities to participate in any decision-making process related."}, {"bbox": [97, 905, 1135, 1091], "category": "Text", "text": "In this context, the proposed Action is aligned with the Ugandan government's various policies to address the challenges due to negative impacts of climate change: The NDP III identifies climate change as the major regional and global challenge. In 2018, Uganda became the first country in Africa to adopt a Nationally Determined Contribution Partnership Plan to implement the goals of the Paris Agreement. Uganda's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), revised in September 2022, again identifies water as a key challenge. The National Climate Change act 2021 is the national framework for coordination of national climate actions and calls for actions on gender mainstreaming in climate change."}, {"bbox": [97, 1103, 306, 1129], "category": "Section-header", "text": "## EU Policy Framework"}, {"bbox": [97, 1141, 1135, 1355], "category": "Text", "text": "The Action falls under the Multi-Annual Indicative Programme (MIP) for Uganda (2021-2027) and directly contributes to MIP Priority Area 1 (Green and Climate Transition) and the MIP's specific objective „Promoting Smart Green Cities” as well as Priority Area 3 (Governance and Social inclusion). In the context of an Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach, the Action links up to several other objectives to some various extents: (1) “Contributing to a better conservation, restoration and protection of the natural resources and biodiversity of Uganda”, (2) “Supporting Uganda to improve its disaster risk management approach”; under Priority Area 2 (Promoting Sustainable and Inclusive Growth and Jobs) (3) „Promoting sustainable investments“ as well as (4) “Promoting decent employment”."}, {"bbox": [97, 1367, 1135, 1526], "category": "Text", "text": "The Action is aligned with thematic area 1 (People – human development and dignity), area 2 (Planet – Protecting the environment, managing natural resources and tackling climate change) and area 3 (Prosperity - Inclusive and sustainable growth and job) of the European Consensus for Development. The action is also closely linked to the TEI on gender and social inclusion and specifically the Gender for Development Uganda (G4DU) program output on water and sanitation improvement in schools. This action will invest significantly to improve WASH services in all public schools in ACC and thus contribute to improvement of the learning environment for both refugees"}, {"bbox": [85, 1597, 1143, 1644], "category": "Footnote", "text": "³ GGGI. Uganda Women in Climate Change 2022 Declaration. https://gggi.org/uganda-women-in-climate-change-2022-declaration/"}, {"bbox": [1038, 1682, 1142, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 6 of 21"}]