[{"bbox": [96, 153, 1134, 313], "category": "Text", "text": "As India envisions to become a USD 7 trillion economy by 2030, it needs to meet its climate commitments, whilst also achieving its development goals. In this context, it needs to be recognised that achieving economic growth and meeting climate commitments is only possible if the economy is fundamentally moved to circularity so that energy consumption and environmental impacts are avoided or reduced in the first place. India requires an estimated USD 170 billion (circa EUR 160 billion) per year to fulfil its NDCs; however, only USD 44 billion (circa EUR 41.4 billion) went towards green sectors in 2019/2020⁸, indicating a clear gap in resources."}, {"bbox": [96, 324, 1134, 722], "category": "Text", "text": "India is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change given the vast population, long coastline, and significant agrarian economy. Impacts of climate change, such as increased frequency of climate-related natural hazards and reduced food and water security, have induced climate change losses to the tune of USD 37 billion⁹ (circa EUR 34.8 billion) in the country according to a Global Climate Risk Index 2020. As such events aggravate, socio-economic shocks will continue to pose more development and environment challenges with a disproportionate impact on women. India has however been consistently striving to pursue the SDGs and has committed to ambitious climate actions through its NDCs and a long-term 2070 net-zero goal. With a **young population of 1.4 billion**¹⁰, increasing urbanisation and a growing middle class, its approach towards energy, consumption and the environment will be a major factor in tackling climate change globally and achieving the SDGs. India is the **world's third largest emitter of greenhouse gases**. While its total carbon emissions have already surpassed the EU's, its per capita emissions are still far below EU or global average. But projected economic and demographic growth means that India will contribute more than any other country to the projected rise in global **energy demand**. India's **agriculture** is strategic for global food security. Still being mostly rainfed, it also remains extremely dependent on rain patterns, heavy use and imports of -energy and GHG intensive-synthetic fertilisers, and thus vulnerable to both climate-related natural hazards and supply chain disruptions."}, {"bbox": [96, 734, 1134, 974], "category": "Text", "text": "Consistent with the recently agreed Goals and Targets under the Kunming-Montreal GBF, the Indian Government therefore motivates to regenerate 29% (96.4 million ha) of India's total land area that have been degraded, losing soil fertility, water and carbon carrying capacity. This combination of semi-arid, degraded land, rural transformation, and high food vulnerability, makes India a prime candidate for Ecosystem-based adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction. Such nature-based solutions have demonstrated their potential to regenerate soils, fertiliser crops, to better buffer soil moisture and water resources and fight pests within more resilient and diversified production systems. By doing so, agroecology also contributes to both climate change adaptation and mitigation through improved agroforestry patterns and better soil management that allow carbon capture into soils and an increase in organic matter as well as through the reduction of the use of external, carbon-intensive inputs."}, {"bbox": [96, 984, 1134, 1146], "category": "Text", "text": "The leaders of the EU and India, at their meeting in May 2021 committed to accelerate the implementation of the new Circular Economy and Resource Efficiency Partnership to intensify bilateral exchanges on relevant regulatory approaches, market-based instruments and business models. The work of the EU-India Resource Efficiency and Circular Economy Partnership has focused on issues relevant for energy and climate objectives such as electric vehicles and photovoltaics or sectors with significant growth and increased carbon emission potential like buildings and construction which needs to be built upon."}, {"bbox": [96, 1156, 1134, 1450], "category": "Text", "text": "At the 13th EU-India Summit (Brussels, March 2016), leaders agreed to establish an EU-India Clean Energy and Climate Partnership (CECP) and defined its content. As part of an overall EU Energy and Climate strategy towards key global partners, the CECP is intended to be a long term cooperation and coordination platform to facilitate the involvement of the EU and interested Member States, jointly with the relevant Indian authorities, in energy and climate-related activities in India. A second Joint Declaration at the 14th Summit (New Delhi, October 2017) further extended the scope of the CECP. The Ministry of External Affairs, Ministry of Power, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy and Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas from the Indian side and the European Commission from the EU side participated in the EU-India Energy Panel Meeting in December 2021 and jointly agreed on a detailed work programme until 2023 to implement the 2016 India-EU Clean Energy and Climate Partnership. The Energy Panel agreed inter alia to increase technical cooperation in the area of energy efficiency, including on nearly zero energy buildings, smart readiness indicators for buildings; renewable energy, including"}, {"bbox": [85, 1502, 1125, 1556], "category": "Footnote", "text": "⁸ Landscape of Green Finance in India (CPI). 2022. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/landscape-of-green-finance-in-india-2022/#:~:text=Concluding%20observations,Net%2DZero%20emissions%20by%202070."}, {"bbox": [85, 1597, 434, 1622], "category": "Footnote", "text": "⁹ https://www.germanwatch.org/en/17307"}, {"bbox": [85, 1622, 751, 1647], "category": "Footnote", "text": "¹⁰ India population is surpassing China this year; 50% of it below the age of 25."}, {"bbox": [1038, 1682, 1144, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 6 of 34"}]