[{"bbox": [96, 128, 1150, 290], "category": "Text", "text": "and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (RA 10354). To ensure participation of marginalized groups, the Bangsamoro Women Commission, the Bangsamoro Youth Commission and the Ministry of IP Affairs will also be involved. Working with local NGOs, CSOs, and CBOs will be important for the successful implementation of interventions designed to support the normalization process, especially given their local knowledge and access to vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations and locations. Working with and strengthening the capacity of local organisations will also contribute to the sustainability of the interventions."}, {"bbox": [96, 303, 1151, 756], "category": "Text", "text": "**Priority 3: HDP Nexus: Foster an enabling environment for sustainable peace and development by reducing sources of conflict and instability and increasing the resiliency of vulnerable populations to human-made and natural disasters targeting women, youth, IPs, IDPs and other marginalised populations.** While aspects of governance, human security and socio-economic development fall under the Political/BOL and Normalization/Implementation of Peace Agreement Tracks, the challenges and needs of Mindanao and the BARMM are much broader and will need to be addressed beyond what is covered by the formal peace process. For example, most of the population have not yet experienced significant positive changes in their lives (\"peace dividends\") leading to unmet expectations. In addition to poverty, socio-economic marginalisation and relative deprivation, which fueled the war, and other sources of instability continue to threaten human security and hinder sustainable socio-economic development. For instance, the Conflict Analysis Screening (2022) conducted by the EU highlights sources of conflict and instability such as escalating inter-communal \"horizontal conflicts\" including family and clan rivalries (often referred to as \"rido\"); the abundance of SALWs, illicit markets including trafficking of people, drugs, and arms, and the presence of armed gangs and private militias often with family, clan, and political affiliations; and Violent Extremist Organisations (VEO) such as the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF) in Maguindanao; and the Dawlah Islamiya (DI) in Lanao del Sur and the Sulu-based Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) which are affiliated with ISIS, also remain active in the BARMM and other hinterlands and geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas in Mindanao."}, {"bbox": [96, 781, 1151, 1474], "category": "Text", "text": "The whole of the Mindanao region is also heavily affected by natural disasters and the impact of climate change. For example flooding has a disproportionate impact on women, children, indigenous, landless, displaced, and other vulnerable populations. In August 2022, the BARMM Chief Minister declared a state of calamity due to widespread flooding, displacing about 50,000 families. Overall, forty years of violent conflict between the GPH and the MILF, recurring natural hazards including typhoons, tropical storms, floods and earthquakes, and the various horizontal conflicts and sources of instability including family and clan disputes, violent extremism, and other illicit and criminal activities have resulted in high levels of forced and voluntary migration and displacement within the BARMM and across its borders. Many IDPs have also experienced multiple displacements due to a combination of human-made and natural disasters. The majority of IDPs are women, children and other marginalised and vulnerable populations. The fluidity of the situation and varied and recurring causes of displacement and migration and lack of effective government mechanisms makes tracking and responding to displacement complex. For example, many IDPs prefer not to register for a variety of reasons including fear of exploitation. Instead, they resettle with kin, in host communities, or in make-shift camps where they have limited access to basic services. In addition, these families, host communities, and LGUs often lack the knowledge and resources to provide for the needs of the IDPs. Many IDPs also lack legal documents and are highly vulnerable to discrimination, exploitation, trafficking, and recruitment by armed groups including violent extremist organisations. Furthermore, displaced women and children, who constitute the majority of IDPs, are susceptible to GBV and other human rights abuses, socio-economic distress and marginalisation, political exclusion, and physical and mental health challenges including malnutrition, access to healthy food and clean water, and trauma. They are also more susceptible to diarrhoeal illnesses and pneumonia and they lack access to adequate health services including mental health facilities. Issues related to land tenure and land use often complicate the relocation and resettlement of IDPs. Recognising the vulnerability of female IDPs, it is important that women (including displaced women) are empowered by involving them in the design and implementation of any policy or programme designed to address issues related to migration and displacement. At the same time, it is vital to ensure that any interventions focused on addressing issues related to migration and displacement are context-specific, gender- and conflict-sensitive to avoid causing further harm to these vulnerable populations."}, {"bbox": [96, 1498, 1151, 1606], "category": "Text", "text": "To ensure greater coherence among actors and initiatives and to encourage more holistic and multi-sector interventions, it is essential to apply an HDP nexus approach. At a strategic level, the HDP nexus approach will encourage more joined up thinking and action – through common analysis and collective outcomes – for the EU's operations in Mindanao and the BARMM. It will also encourage stronger linkages between the EU's humanitarian,"}, {"bbox": [993, 1636, 1100, 1661], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 8 of 28"}]