[{"bbox": [93, 151, 1134, 207], "category": "Text", "text": "with civil society, and a model of coordinated “whole of UN System”. Several lessons can be drawn from the EU-\nUN Spotlight Initiatives implemented throughout the world:"}, {"bbox": [93, 218, 1136, 537], "category": "Text", "text": "i) The initiative has shown **the importance of a whole-of-government and a whole-of-society approach.**\n**Government's ownership at both national and sub-national levels is critical.** Ending violence against women and girls is highly political and requires a multi-sectoral response, and sustained coordination among a significant number of institutions. It needs to sit at the heart of national development priorities if it is to succeed. The role of national and local Government is crucial, and evidence shows that the engagement of Heads of States, Prime Ministers and concerned ministries makes a significant difference, as well. Engaging those at the highest level of government whilst ensuring the necessary financial and human resources allocation has shown institutional ownership and responses, thus, influencing societal wide behaviour. Successful Spotlight Initiative Programmes have been endorsed and, at times, launched by Heads of States and have featured the consistent commitment of Government at the highest level as well as concerned ministries. It is therefore crucial that structures of coordination for a “whole of government” approach on ending violence against women and girls be established at the highest level (Head of State’s office, Prime Minister’s Office or Ministry of Planning, for example)."}, {"bbox": [93, 548, 1136, 763], "category": "Text", "text": "ii) **A central role for civil society, supported by significant investments is paramount:** Evidence shows that the presence of vibrant, autonomous, progressive citizens movements – including specifically feminist and women’s rights movements – is essential (and in fact a key determinant) to generating sustainable change. The role of CSOs in shaping norms and their ability to reach out to the beneficiaries is also paramount. The EU/UN have placed civil society at the center of their efforts to end violence, engaging civil society groups in decision-making, programming, and implementation. While it may be more efficient to work with fewer and more experienced CSOs, it is paramount to also build capacity (institutional and financial) of localised and informal grassroots-oriented networks as they bring an added value to community mobilisation and mindset change."}, {"bbox": [93, 773, 1136, 1067], "category": "Text", "text": "iii) **Need to adopt a comprehensive theory of change addressing the complex nature of violence against women and girls and a common results framework across programmes.** Violence against women and girls is a multi-faceted issue, affecting all people – particularly women and girls – everywhere in different ways. Evidence shows that for sustained change to happen and for prevention and response to be efficient, we need to use all entry points. To address it, Spotlight Initiative promotes a comprehensive approach at multiple levels centered on four interconnected specific objective areas. This framework offers stakeholders the ability to flexibly select and adapt proposed interventions to their context and the (varied) needs of women and girls, including those that are traditionally left behind, while maintaining a holistic approach. This approach and results framework also goes beyond a sole focus on ending violence against women and girls to integrate elements that advance gender equality more broadly, such as social norms change, access to justice, political participation, and women's economic empowerment."}, {"bbox": [93, 1077, 1136, 1291], "category": "Text", "text": "Socio-cultural norms, values, attitudes, beliefs and practices impact heavily on the advancement of SRHR and SGBV prevention as well as the positive engagement of men and boys in the process. Gaining the support of community champions such as cultural or religious leaders is a precondition for engaging effectively with communities. Community mobilization complemented with multimedia integrated messaging (SGBV/Violence against Women and Children, Harmful Practices, SRHR) works well for social norms change. Social workers and community-based social structures are essential not just in bridging the gap between formal and informal social welfare systems, but also in making basic essential information accessible to remote communities. Schools have also proved to be a relevant platform for integrated SRHR services and SGBV prevention."}, {"bbox": [93, 1301, 1136, 1596], "category": "Text", "text": "iv) **Need to address UN Internal restraining factors and ensure UN deliver as 'One'.** Based on the lessons learnt from the Meta-Review of Spotlight 1.0, possible restraining forces which might impact negatively the outcome of the action are: i) weak government ownership, capacity and effectiveness; ii) suboptimal collaboration with CSOs; iii) insufficient UN agency staffing and capacity as well as coordination; iv) slow process of the UN reform and resource competition amongst UN agencies; v) complex procedural requirements by the UN (procurement, reporting) which surpass capacity of local impending partners. Measures have been recommended by the Spotlight Initiative Global Meta-Review and are already being adopted during programme development to mitigate these restraining aspects, including a balanced governance structure, staffing reviews by UN agencies, clear budget allocations and delivery responsibilities among UN partners, promotion of National ownership and commitment and a focus on relationship building with and empowerment of CSO partners. Going forward + necessity to have clear joint procedures for UN agencies as well as joint costed work plan."}, {"bbox": [1027, 1681, 1144, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 18 of 35"}]