[{"bbox": [126, 143, 1188, 802], "category": "Table", "text": "<table><tr><td>External environment</td><td>Risk 2: Climate hazards</td><td>Medium / High</td><td>Medium / High</td><td>Environmental assessments and climate risk analysis carried out during the inception phase, with resulting climate risk mitigation measures integrated into activities. Making sure projects have contingency reserves that can be used during crises.</td></tr><tr><td>Legality and regulatory aspects</td><td>Risk 3: Fiduciary risks</td><td>Medium / High</td><td>Medium / High</td><td>Third party monitoring during implementation and making sure all projects have good plans to handle such risks.</td></tr><tr><td>People and the organisation</td><td>Risk 4: Lack of agreement on roles and responsibilities of the different layers of Government and other influential actors and institutions</td><td>Medium</td><td>Medium</td><td>Ensuring capacity building elements and coordination with government (MoEWR, MoAI) and influential actors and institutions is included in the design and making sure projects are not relying on good collaboration between different layers of government and other actors and institutions to avoid dependency on this for the success of the project.</td></tr></table>"}, {"bbox": [137, 803, 1179, 1347], "category": "Text", "text": "**Lessons Learnt:** According to FAO (2021)², “Renewable energy solutions and integrated food-energy systems can directly advance energy and food security, while also contributing to job creation, gender equality and climate resilience and adaptation....and a combination of end-user financing, such as grants, long-term credit, and tax exemptions, can help make systems more affordable”. A recent EU-funded study led by the Somali Investment Promotion Office (SOMINVEST) at the Ministry of Planning, Investment and Economic Development (MoPIED) concluded that Somalia offers a wealth of investment opportunities for MSMEs in the agribusiness, livestock and fishery (blue economy) sectors. Other EU-funded interventions in the area of agribusiness have also demonstrated the potential effectiveness of more comprehensive solutions, which should include renewable energy components. For instance, the previous EU-funded OUTREACH project assessed the value chains of banana, sorghum and sesame production and marketing, identifying a number of production and supply constraints. In order to address these constraints, the stakeholders in consultation with the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (MoAI) identified key strategies that call for both public (including donor) and private investments aimed at improving processing facilities, including packaging and cold storage facilities, which in turn should be operated on the basis of renewable energy solutions. Based on the available evidence that the private sector is dynamic and presents opportunities for investors able to tailor instruments to the particular context of Somalia, several donor funds such as the Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund (AECF) have already supported successfully micro finance institutions to reach clients through the provision of risk capital, and capacity building; and in the clean and renewable energy sector AECF is in the process of mobilising investment and advisory support to a series of companies across the country."}, {"bbox": [128, 1577, 1029, 1608], "category": "Footnote", "text": "² FAO (2021). Renewable energy for agro-food systems. International Renewable Energy Agency."}, {"bbox": [967, 1664, 1082, 1690], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 12 of 25"}]