[{"bbox": [85, 152, 1145, 208], "category": "Text", "text": "against drugs is rooted in the belief that crime prevention strategies must respect, protect, and fulfil these rights, ensuring that efforts to combat crime do not themselves become sources of human rights violations."}, {"bbox": [85, 225, 1145, 397], "category": "Text", "text": "In terms of gender equality and women's empowerment (GEWE) it is essential to contribute to an effective gender mainstreaming into legislation, policies and practices to combat organized crime. When gender has not been mainstreamed, women are seen predominantly as victims and rarely as perpetrators. Moreover, such policies, legislation and practices do not recognize that the categories of perpetrator and victim in organized crime are not mutually exclusive and that the roles of perpetrators and victims can be fluid and, at times, overlap. This can lead to impunity or unjust treatment by criminal justice systems."}, {"bbox": [85, 414, 1145, 528], "category": "Text", "text": "Likewise, criminal justice institutions cannot provide equal and equitable responses if the composition of the workforce is not representative of the broader population, or if discriminatory human resources policies persist. If victims and witnesses do not feel comfortable coming forward and collaborating with the justice system, the quality of investigations, prosecutions and adjudications is compromised²⁰"}, {"bbox": [85, 545, 1145, 688], "category": "Text", "text": "-The focus should be done on **stronger national coordination and monitoring mechanisms** for - both at strategical and operational level - and for a comprehensive and integrated approach between the fight against drugs and organised crime encompassing all relevant actors. This could be an opportunity for enhanced EU-Peru dialogue on security and justice aligned with joint priorities inclusively on deforestation (European Union Deforestation Regulation, European Regulation on Business Social Conduct), human rights, gender equality and others."}, {"bbox": [85, 704, 1145, 812], "category": "Text", "text": "- **Regulatory gaps and legislative un-definition** have been identified in different strategic areas (as for example but not exhaustive : machinery and precursors monitoring, mining and money laundering/asset recovery frameworks (OCDE and GAFI' requirement for Peru) including the fight against corruption with a need of revision taking into international benchmarking and should therefore be addressed."}, {"bbox": [85, 836, 1145, 919], "category": "Text", "text": "b) There is a need to strengthen the rule of law environment and criminal justice system institutions' capacity to fight against transnational organised crime to combat impunity through specialised and multidisciplinary approach to address specific challenges"}, {"bbox": [85, 943, 1145, 1131], "category": "Text", "text": "-The overall weakness of criminal justice institutions coupled with infiltration of criminal groups in legal economy through corruption and money laundering, leads to high levels of impunity, facilitating the operations of organised crime. The **low prosecution rate and important judicial backlog** seriously undermine confidence in the institutions charged with preventing crime, prosecuting offenders and applying judgements. There is the need to **accompany and strengthen the capacities** of the members of the institutions engaged in crime investigation, prosecution and judicial procedures working on intelligence, strategic planning, exchange of information standards and operational capacity across the whole criminal justice chain building cooperation."}, {"bbox": [85, 1155, 1145, 1421], "category": "Text", "text": "- **As acknowledged by all authorities, there is a need to enhance interagency cooperation on criminal investigations.** There are several entities competent to investigate drug trafficking and organised (Prosecutor services, National Police, Customs, Attorneys Office, Financial Intelligence Unit, etc ..) but with limited cooperation due mainly to lack of trust and their different tools and procedures. Enhanced **interoperability between systems (intelligence) and actors** (criminal-public and private- local, national and regional chain) focusing in the dismantling of organizations through solid investigations and effective judicial cooperation based on the dedicated already existing²¹ and future **Multidisciplinary Teams and/or specialised networks** is needed. It will requires more integrated work (tools, modus operandi) between police and justice institutions, also engaging other relevant actors and institutions with increased **international cooperation**²² fomenting **exchange of information** (AMERIPOL²³, EUROPOL²⁴, EUROJUST²⁵, etc ..)"}, {"bbox": [85, 1471, 1145, 1515], "category": "Footnote", "text": "²⁰ Issue paper: Organized crime and gender: issues relating to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (unodc.org)"}, {"bbox": [85, 1515, 1145, 1560], "category": "Footnote", "text": "²¹ Joint specialized teams on environmental crimes, human. s persons' trafficking and smuggling, native community representatives' murderers – already in place since June 2024"}, {"bbox": [85, 1560, 1126, 1581], "category": "Footnote", "text": "²² Link with the international joint specialized teams and all relevant regional approach encompassed within the PACCTO 2.0 programme"}, {"bbox": [85, 1581, 517, 1603], "category": "Footnote", "text": "²³ Peru has not yet signed yet signed the Brasilia Treaty"}, {"bbox": [85, 1603, 961, 1625], "category": "Footnote", "text": "²⁴ International agreement on non-personal and personal data exchange currently under negotiation since May 2023"}, {"bbox": [85, 1625, 566, 1646], "category": "Footnote", "text": "²⁵ Peru/EUROJUST working arrangement signed in July 2024"}, {"bbox": [1034, 1680, 1145, 1705], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 8 of 30"}]