[{"bbox": [96, 153, 1134, 260], "category": "Text", "text": "Particular emphasis is placed on the inclusive green transition, including decent job creation, through attracting investments and providing support to SMEs, and for digitalisation, together with social protection measures, additional reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and a progressive shift to renewable energy sources, including renewable hydrogen."}, {"bbox": [96, 287, 1134, 474], "category": "Text", "text": "In 2013 Kazakhstan introduced its Emissions Trading System (ETS) which currently applies to large installations in the power, centralized heating, extracting industries, and manufacturing sectors and covers around half of the country's emissions. The Kazakh Emissions Trading System (ETS), with an average CO2 allowance price of EUR 1 in 2023, against EUR 83 in the European Union is however not sufficiently effective. Its modernisation would support creating a stronger carbon price signal that would both facilitate meeting Kazakhstan's domestic and Paris Agreement commitments, and also lean towards the objectives of the European Green Deal and its Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism."}, {"bbox": [96, 503, 1134, 558], "category": "Text", "text": "Kazakhstan enshrined its net-zero 2060 target into law in February 2023, however plans to build new coal and gas fired power generation capacity with a lifetime presumably spanning well beyond 2060."}, {"bbox": [96, 585, 1134, 690], "category": "Text", "text": "In the green transition area, the most effective support should be linked to the decarbonisation of the energy intensive industries and of the power sector, also due to the application of CBAM and other EU policies stemming from the European Green Deal. Key activities can include further development and alignment of the Kazakh ETS with the EU ETS."}, {"bbox": [96, 717, 1134, 905], "category": "Text", "text": "Regarding rule of law, following constitutional amendments in 2022, the new Constitutional Court and the Commissioner for Human Rights under their new mandate started operating as of 1 January 2023. The country pursued efforts to fight violence against women, in line with the President's position to toughen the punishment for domestic violence. Amendments were made to legislative acts on human rights in criminal proceedings, prevention of ill-treatment and degrading treatment, liability for acts of torture and criminalisation of ill-treatment. In 2023, the General Prosecutor's Office has been designated as the main coordinator and sole responsible body for investigating allegations of ill-treatment and torture."}, {"bbox": [96, 929, 1134, 1034], "category": "Text", "text": "Kazakhstan has accelerated the implementation of the recommendations of the first and second joint evaluation reports of the Group of States against Corruption (GRECO) through legislative amendments. In addition, in September 2023, the country established with the support of the EU a Register of Beneficial Owners of Legal Entities."}, {"bbox": [96, 1062, 1134, 1170], "category": "Text", "text": "Amendments to the Anti-Corruption Law were adopted in January 2023, introducing the liability of civil servants and assimilated persons for unjust enrichment. These amendments also aim to strengthen the protection of whistle-blowers and citizens who report facts of corruption, by introducing measures to protect the labour rights of whistle-blowers and ensure their safety."}, {"bbox": [96, 1195, 1134, 1405], "category": "Text", "text": "As confirmed by the Results Oriented Monitoring review (ROM) conducted for the Rule of Law Program in Central Asia in December 2023, there is a growing demand for up-to-date anti-corruption legislation, setting standards for private sector integrity; whistle-blowing as well as related protection mechanisms; conflict of interest (CoI); asset declarations, aiming to identify illicit enrichment and asset recovery. With regard to Anti Money Laundering and Combatting the Financing of Terrorism, priority issues relate to data collection and processing; risk identification in analysing financial flows and suspicious transactions in the financial sector; addressing ineffective inter-agency coordination that often leads to a gap between competent authorities, financial intelligence services"}, {"bbox": [96, 1433, 1134, 1567], "category": "Text", "text": "Kazakhstan authorities are keen on cooperation with the EU with a view to the professionalize their respective administrations through approximation to EU and international standards, and eager to increase their legitimacy at home, as well as prestige and credibility on the international scene. Kazakhstan authorities appear to be genuinely committed to the promotion of business integrity and anti-corruption activities, as well as anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism."}, {"bbox": [1034, 1680, 1141, 1706], "category": "Page-footer", "text": "Page 6 of 21"}]