# Differentiation – Implicit Function

## Differentiation – Implicit Function

i) In given implicit function, we solve this for dy/dx directly

ii) Moderate level sometime in question, we asked dy/ dx at some particular point x.

So, after getting dy/dx, we put the given particular value of x in dy/ dx and get the desired result.

If the relation between the variable x and y is given by an equation containing both of the form φ (x, y) = 0 and this equation is not immediately solvable for y i, e., it is not passible to express y as a function of x in the form y = φ(x), then y is called an implicit function of x. In such a case to find dy/dx differentiate both sides of the given relation with respect to ‘x’ keeping in the mind that the derivative of f(y) with respect ‘x’ is (dφ/dy). (dy/dx).

Examples:

• $$\frac{d}{dx}(\tan y)={{\sec }^{2}}y.\frac{dy}{dx}$$.
• $$\frac{d}{dx}({{y}^{4}})=4{{y}^{3.}}.\frac{dy}{dx}$$.

Shortcuts for implicit function: For implicit function, put

$$\frac{d}{dx}\{f(x,y)\}=\frac{-\partial f/\partial x}{\partial f/\partial y}$$,

Where $$\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}$$ is a partial differential of given function with respect to ‘x’ and $$\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}$$ means partial differential of given function with respect to ‘y’.

Problem: If sin²y + cos (xy) = k, then dy/dx =?

Solution: Given that

sin²y + cos (xy) = k,

On differentiation both sides with respect to ‘x’ we get

$$\frac{d}{dx}\left( {{\sin }^{2}}x+\cos xy \right)=\frac{d}{dx}(k)$$.

$$\frac{d}{dx}({{\sin }^{2}}x)+\frac{d}{dx}(\cos xy)=0$$.

$$2\sin y\cos y.\frac{dy}{dx}+(-\sin xy)\frac{d}{dx}(xy)=0$$.

$$\sin 2y\frac{dy}{dx}-\sin xy\left( x\frac{dy}{dx}+y.1 \right)=0$$.

$$\sin 2y.\frac{dy}{dx}-x\sin xy.\frac{dy}{dx}=y\sin xy$$.

$$\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{y\sin (xy)}{\sin 2y-x\sin (xy)}$$.
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