# Sum of elements in given range from Array formed by infinitely concatenating given array

• Difficulty Level : Medium
• Last Updated : 03 Aug, 2021

Given an array arr[](1-based indexing) consisting of N positive integers and two positive integers L and R,  the task is to find the sum of array elements over the range [L, R] if the given array arr[] is concatenating to itself infinite times.

Examples:

Input: arr[] = {1, 2, 3}, L = 2, R = 8
Output: 14
Explanation:
The array, arr[] after concatenation is {1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, …} and the sum of elements from index 2 to 8 is 2 + 3 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 1 + 2 = 14.

Input: arr[] = {5, 2, 6, 9}, L = 10, R = 13
Output: 22

Naive Approach: The simplest approach to solve the given problem is to iterate over the range [L, R] using the variable i and add the value of arr[i % N] to the sum for each index. After completing the iteration, print the value of the sum as the resultant sum.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

## C++

 `// C++ program for the above approach` `#include ``using` `namespace` `std;` `// Function to find the sum of elements``// in a given range of an infinite array``void` `rangeSum(``int` `arr[], ``int` `N, ``int` `L, ``int` `R)``{``    ``// Stores the sum of array elements``    ``// from L to R``    ``int` `sum = 0;` `    ``// Traverse from L to R``    ``for` `(``int` `i = L - 1; i < R; i++) {``        ``sum += arr[i % N];``    ``}` `    ``// Print the resultant sum``    ``cout << sum;``}` `// Driver Code``int` `main()``{``    ``int` `arr[] = { 5, 2, 6, 9 };``    ``int` `L = 10, R = 13;``    ``int` `N = ``sizeof``(arr) / ``sizeof``(arr[0]);``    ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R);` `    ``return` `0;``}`

## Java

 `// Java program for the above approach``import` `java.io.*;` `class` `GFG``{``  ` `    ``// Function to find the sum of elements``    ``// in a given range of an infinite array``    ``static` `void` `rangeSum(``int` `arr[], ``int` `N, ``int` `L, ``int` `R)``    ``{``      ` `        ``// Stores the sum of array elements``        ``// from L to R``        ``int` `sum = ``0``;` `        ``// Traverse from L to R``        ``for` `(``int` `i = L - ``1``; i < R; i++) {``            ``sum += arr[i % N];``        ``}` `        ``// Print the resultant sum``        ``System.out.println(sum);``    ``}` `    ``// Driver Code``    ``public` `static` `void` `main(String[] args)``    ``{``        ``int` `arr[] = { ``5``, ``2``, ``6``, ``9` `};``        ``int` `L = ``10``, R = ``13``;``        ``int` `N = arr.length;``        ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R);``    ``}``}` `// This code is contributed by Potta Lokesh`

## Python3

 `# Python 3 program for the above approach` `# Function to find the sum of elements``# in a given range of an infinite array``def` `rangeSum(arr, N, L, R):``  ` `    ``# Stores the sum of array elements``    ``# from L to R``    ``sum` `=` `0` `    ``# Traverse from L to R``    ``for` `i ``in` `range``(L ``-` `1``,R,``1``):``        ``sum` `+``=` `arr[i ``%` `N]` `    ``# Print the resultant sum``    ``print``(``sum``)` `# Driver Code``if` `__name__ ``=``=` `'__main__'``:``    ``arr ``=` `[``5``, ``2``, ``6``, ``9` `]``    ``L ``=` `10``    ``R ``=` `13``    ``N ``=` `len``(arr)``    ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R)``    ` `    ``# This code is contributed by divyeshrabadiya07`

## C#

 `// C# program for the above approach``using` `System;``class` `GFG {` `    ``// Function to find the sum of elements``    ``// in a given range of an infinite array``    ``static` `void` `rangeSum(``int``[] arr, ``int` `N, ``int` `L, ``int` `R)``    ``{` `        ``// Stores the sum of array elements``        ``// from L to R``        ``int` `sum = 0;` `        ``// Traverse from L to R``        ``for` `(``int` `i = L - 1; i < R; i++) {``            ``sum += arr[i % N];``        ``}` `        ``// Print the resultant sum``        ``Console.Write(sum);``    ``}` `    ``// Driver Code``    ``public` `static` `void` `Main(``string``[] args)``    ``{``        ``int``[] arr = { 5, 2, 6, 9 };``        ``int` `L = 10, R = 13;``        ``int` `N = arr.Length;``        ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R);``    ``}``}` `// This code is contributed by ukasp.`

## Javascript

 ``

Output:

`22`

Time Complexity: O(R – L)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Efficient Approach: The above approach can also be optimized by using the Prefix Sum. Follow the steps below to solve the problem:

• Initialize an array, say prefix[] of size (N + 1) with all elements as 0s.
• Traverse the array, arr[] using the variable i and update prefix[i] to sum of prefix[i – 1] and arr[i – 1].
• Now, the sum of elements over the range [L, R] is given by:

the sum of elements in the range [1, R] – sum of elements in the range [1, L – 1].

• Initialize a variable, say leftSum as ((L – 1)/N)*prefix[N] + prefix[(L – 1)%N] to store the sum of elements in the range [1, L-1].
• Similarly, initialize another variable rightSum as (R/N)*prefix[N] + prefix[R%N] to store the sum of elements in the range [1, R].
• After completing the above steps, print the value of (rightSum – leftSum) as the resultant sum of elements over the given range [L, R].

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

## C++

 `// C++ program for the above approach` `#include ``using` `namespace` `std;` `// Function to find the sum of elements``// in a given range of an infinite array``void` `rangeSum(``int` `arr[], ``int` `N, ``int` `L,``              ``int` `R)``{``    ``// Stores the prefix sum``    ``int` `prefix[N + 1];``    ``prefix[0] = 0;` `    ``// Calculate the prefix sum``    ``for` `(``int` `i = 1; i <= N; i++) {``        ``prefix[i] = prefix[i - 1]``                    ``+ arr[i - 1];``    ``}` `    ``// Stores the sum of elements``    ``// from 1 to L-1``    ``int` `leftsum``        ``= ((L - 1) / N) * prefix[N]``          ``+ prefix[(L - 1) % N];` `    ``// Stores the sum of elements``    ``// from 1 to R``    ``int` `rightsum = (R / N) * prefix[N]``                   ``+ prefix[R % N];` `    ``// Print the resultant sum``    ``cout << rightsum - leftsum;``}` `// Driver Code``int` `main()``{``    ``int` `arr[] = { 5, 2, 6, 9 };``    ``int` `L = 10, R = 13;``    ``int` `N = ``sizeof``(arr) / ``sizeof``(arr[0]);``    ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R);` `    ``return` `0;``}`

## Java

 `// Java program for the above approach``import` `java.io.*;` `class` `GFG{``    ` `// Function to find the sum of elements``// in a given range of an infinite array``static` `void` `rangeSum(``int` `arr[], ``int` `N, ``int` `L, ``int` `R)``{``  ` `    ``// Stores the prefix sum``    ``int` `prefix[] = ``new` `int``[N+``1``];``    ``prefix[``0``] = ``0``;` `    ``// Calculate the prefix sum``    ``for` `(``int` `i = ``1``; i <= N; i++) {``        ``prefix[i] = prefix[i - ``1``]``                    ``+ arr[i - ``1``];``    ``}` `    ``// Stores the sum of elements``    ``// from 1 to L-1``    ``int` `leftsum``        ``= ((L - ``1``) / N) * prefix[N]``          ``+ prefix[(L - ``1``) % N];` `    ``// Stores the sum of elements``    ``// from 1 to R``    ``int` `rightsum = (R / N) * prefix[N]``                   ``+ prefix[R % N];` `    ``// Print the resultant sum``    ``System.out.print( rightsum - leftsum);``}` `// Driver Code``public` `static` `void` `main (String[] args)``{``    ``int` `arr[] = { ``5``, ``2``, ``6``, ``9` `};``    ``int` `L = ``10``, R = ``13``;``    ``int` `N = arr.length;``    ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R);` `}``}` `// This code is contributed by shivanisinghss2110`

## Python3

 `# Python 3 program for the above approach` `# Function to find the sum of elements``# in a given range of an infinite array``def` `rangeSum(arr, N, L, R):``  ` `    ``# Stores the prefix sum``    ``prefix ``=` `[``0` `for` `i ``in` `range``(N ``+` `1``)]``    ``prefix[``0``] ``=` `0` `    ``# Calculate the prefix sum``    ``for` `i ``in` `range``(``1``,N``+``1``,``1``):``        ``prefix[i] ``=` `prefix[i ``-` `1``] ``+` `arr[i ``-` `1``]` `    ``# Stores the sum of elements``    ``# from 1 to L-1``    ``leftsum ``=` `((L ``-` `1``) ``/``/` `N) ``*` `prefix[N] ``+` `prefix[(L ``-` `1``) ``%` `N]` `    ``# Stores the sum of elements``    ``# from 1 to R``    ``rightsum ``=` `(R ``/``/` `N) ``*` `prefix[N] ``+` `prefix[R ``%` `N]` `    ``# Print the resultant sum``    ``print``(rightsum ``-` `leftsum)` `# Driver Code``if` `__name__ ``=``=` `'__main__'``:``    ``arr ``=` `[``5``, ``2``, ``6``, ``9``]``    ``L ``=` `10``    ``R ``=` `13``    ``N ``=` `len``(arr)``    ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R)` `    ``# This code is contributed by SURENDRA_GANGWAR.`

## C#

 `// C# program for the above approach``using` `System;` `class` `GFG{``    ` `// Function to find the sum of elements``// in a given range of an infinite array``static` `void` `rangeSum(``int` `[]arr, ``int` `N, ``int` `L, ``int` `R)``{``  ` `    ``// Stores the prefix sum``    ``int` `[]prefix = ``new` `int``[N+1];``    ``prefix[0] = 0;` `    ``// Calculate the prefix sum``    ``for` `(``int` `i = 1; i <= N; i++) {``        ``prefix[i] = prefix[i - 1]``                    ``+ arr[i - 1];``    ``}` `    ``// Stores the sum of elements``    ``// from 1 to L-1``    ``int` `leftsum``        ``= ((L - 1) / N) * prefix[N]``          ``+ prefix[(L - 1) % N];` `    ``// Stores the sum of elements``    ``// from 1 to R``    ``int` `rightsum = (R / N) * prefix[N]``                   ``+ prefix[R % N];` `    ``// Print the resultant sum``    ``Console.Write( rightsum - leftsum);``}` `// Driver Code``public` `static` `void` `Main (String[] args)``{``    ``int` `[]arr = { 5, 2, 6, 9 };``    ``int` `L = 10, R = 13;``    ``int` `N = arr.Length;``    ``rangeSum(arr, N, L, R);` `}``}` `// This code is contributed by shivanisinghss2110`

## Javascript

 ``

Output:

`22`

Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)

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