Commit 4a64df53 by Markus Klinik

### scalarization

parent 44dd038d
 ... ... @@ -114,7 +114,29 @@ In this way, the algorithm can explore invalid regions of the search space, whil \paragraph{Scalarization} Fitness function: compare two individuals by using the smart weighted product. The algorithm compares two valid individuals by comparing the weighted product of their qualities. Calculating the product of a list of numbers can result in very high numbers, which might result in overflow or loss of precision, due to the limitations of calculations on a computer. We mitigate this problem by utilizing an equivalent formula of the weighted product, that directly calculates the ratio of the weighted product of two given assignments. To understand the problem, let $x = \tuple{p_1, p_2, p_3, q_1}$ and $y = \tuple{P_1, P_2, P_3, Q_1}$ be the qualities of two assignments, where $p$ and $P$ are more-is-better criteria, and $q$ and $Q$ are less-is-better. For this example, we take all weights to be 1. We could calculate their scores individually and then take the ratio of the scores, as follows. \begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{c'c'c} s_x = \frac{p_1 p_2 p_3}{q_1} & s_y = \frac{P_1 P_2 P_3}{Q_1} & r = \frac{s_x}{s_y} \end{IEEEeqnarray*} The result $r$ is the factor by how much better $x$ is than $y$. If $r$ is greater than 1, then the score of $x$ is $r$ times better than the score of $y$. If $r$ is less than 1, then $y$ is $r$ times better than $x$. This calculation has the subexpressions $p_1 p_2 p_3$ and $P_1 P_2 P_3$, which can result in an intermediate result large enough to cause information loss. By using elementary laws of multiplication and division, we can alternatively calculate $r$ as follows. \begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{c} r = \frac{p_1}{P_1} \times \frac{p_2}{P_2} \times \frac{p_3}{P_3} \times \frac{Q_1}{q_1} \end{IEEEeqnarray*} We know that the $p_i$ and $P_i$ are objectives of the same capability requirement, so they are most likely in the same order of magnitude. This results in smaller intermediate numbers, which decreases the chance for information loss. ... ...
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