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Genetic Algorithms _amp; Art

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```									Genetic Algorithms & Art

 Don’t Need to understand problem
thoroughly -- Only need A way to evaluate
the result

 Work on complex landscapes

 Explainable
Solving A Maze

5 x 5 Box maze

Only see current box

Make a decision w/o memory
Solving A Maze

 Results:
Limitations Of GAs
 Need Viable Offspring

 Need Fitness Function

 Good Fitness Landscape

 Relationship between Evolution and Fitness

 Needs to be Possible
Viable Offspring
 Random Mutation of bits -->Garbage

 Solution1 Fixed Length Character Strings +
Fixed Expression Rules --> Predefined
Dimensional Space

 Lisp Expressions / Trees / etc…
Trees
Relationship between Parent and
Mutations
Properties Specific to Aesthetics
 No Objective Criteria
 Local Maxima can be interesting
3D Plant Structures
 21 genetic parameters
 Fractal Limits, Branching Factors, Scaling,
etc
Problems
 Solid Boundery on Possible Outcomes

 No new Development Rule
 No new Parameters
 N-dimensional genetic space will remain N-
dimensional
Solution
 Include Procedural Information in Genotype

 (Not just parameter data)

 Lisp
 Each Function takes a Specific number of
Arguments & returns an image

   X
   Y
   (abs X)
   (mod X (abs Y))
   (and X Y)
   (bw-noise .2 2)
   (color-noise .1 2)
Lisp Mutation
   Each Funciton can be
   1 handed a scalar value -- .4
   2 a color (3-element vector) -- (.4 .23 .65)
   3 a variable -- X
   4 another lisp expression that returns an
image
More Mutation
   Node --> Random Expression
   Value --> Add random amount
   Function --> Different Function
   Expression --> Argument to new Function
   X --> (* X .3)
   Argument of Function --> Expression
   Node --> Copy of Parent Node
   (not necessarily the same node)
General Rules
   More Complex --> Harder
   (Prevents Arbitrary Large Slow Forms)
   Decrease in Mutation over Time
   (Stabilizes)
   Consider the Computational Expense
Mating
 Nodal Crossover

 Symbolic Expression Mating:

 Parent1: (* (abs X) (sin Y)
 Parent 2: (* X (tan Y))
 (* (abs X) (tan Y))…
Results

```
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