• This  module has been created for use at Upper Key Stage 2 to develop children's understanding of fractions including mixed numbers and improper fractions. It demonstrates how to simplify fractions using common multiples.  The module looks at how to compare and order fractions, including those greater than 1. It also introduces how to add, subtract, multiply and divide fractions.

The module builds on the objectives introduced in Fractions (Lower).

Fractions (Upper) assists teaching and learning of the following Year 5 and Year 6 mathematics objectives from the 2014 National Curriculum:

Year 5

Number - fractions

• Compare and order fractions whose denominations are all multiples of the same number
• Identify, name and write equivalent fractions of a given fraction, represented visually, including tenths and hundredths
• Recognise mixed numbers and improper fractions and convert from one form to the other and write mathematical statements greater than 1 as a mixed number.  Eg 2/5 + 4/5 = 6/5 or 1 and 1/5
• Add and subtract fractions with the same denominator and multiples of the same number
• Multiply proper fractions and mixed numbers by whole numbers, supported by materials and diagrams, eg  1 ½  x 3 = 4 ½

Year 6

Number - fractions

• Use common factors to simplify fractions; use common multiples to express fractions in the same denomination
• Compare and order fractions including fractions greater than 1
• Add and subtract fractions with different denominators and mixed numbers, using the concept of equivalent fractions
• Multiply simple pairs of proper fractions, writing the answer in its simplest form, eg ¼ x ½ = 1/8
• Divide proper fractions by whole numbers, eg 1/3 divided by 2 = 1/6

Show the front screen. Watch Scully looking at the jug of space liquid and see the corresponding fraction displayed on the screen. Pause the animation. What is the fraction on the screen? How many fifths will be needed for the jug to be filled?  Which number could be displayed on the screen instead of 5/5?  Can any of the fractions be simplified? Why/why not?

Watch the videos.  These begin with the recognition of equivalent fractions and finding common denominators.  They then move on to putting these into practice when working with fractions that are greater than 1 and mixed numbers. Other videos demonstrate written methods for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of fractions.

Activities can be used either as lesson starters or plenaries with the whole class, or by individuals. They allow children the opportunity to practise and consolidate what they have learnt from the videos. Children can use activities to practise recognition of equivalent fractions, comparing, ordering and simplifying fractions.

Use the printable resources to allow children to practise written methods for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing fractions. Each sheet also includes word problems that allow children to apply what they have learnt in context.
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