 

Metanorma for ISO markup

Lists

Unordered lists in Word are rendered with em-dashes instead of bullets, as preferred by ISO/CS.

Ordered list numbering enforce the ISO/IEC DIR 2 labelling convention, therefore the type attribute is ignored in ordered lists.

Admonitions

Admonitions can be applied to:

  • Document elements, by adding the block anywhere in the document;

  • To the document as a whole, by adding the block to before the first numbered clause.

Metanorma AsciiDoc natively supports the ISO admonitions “Caution”, “Warning”, and “Important” through its admonition syntax.

CAUTION: This is a single-block caution.

WARNING: This is a warning.

[WARNING]
====
This is a warning

spanning multiple-blocks.
====

If the admonitions “Danger” and “Safety Precaution” are needed, they should be indicated through a type attribute, which will override the admonition type appearing in the AsciiDoc:

[type=Danger]
CAUTION: This is a single-block danger.

[WARNING,type=Safety Precaution]
====
This is a safety precaution

spanning multiple-blocks.
====

Cross-references

Custom cross-references should not be used in ISO standards, either for an external reference, or for a section of the current document: ISO/IEC DIR 2 requires any cross-references to be transparent in text.

For example, a cross-reference to the anchor such as:

[[tabular]]

on Clause 5 should be given as just:

<<tabular>>

…​and custom text will be automatically rendered as Clause 5.

ISO clause references will suppress the word "Clause" before a subclause reference, following ISO/IEC DIR 2: <<ISO24333,clause=5>> will be rendered as ISO 24333, Clause 5, but <<ISO7301,clause=3.1>> will be rendered as ISO 7301, 3.1.

Terms and definitions

Note
This subsection supplements Terms and definitions in general Metanorma documentation.

Terminological entry numbering

General

Terminology presented in ISO documents adhere to ISO 10241-1. ISO 10241-1, 6.1 details the organization of numbering terminological entries, which could be one of:

  • systematic order (also called “nested terms”); or

  • mixed order (also called “grouped terms”).

Systematic order

In systematic order, the entry numbers are "serial numbers reflecting the position of the respective concept within a concept system".

EXAMPLE.

3.1 Terminological entry at first level of concept system.
3.2 Terminological entry at first level of concept system.
3.2.1 Terminological entry at second level of concept system.
3.2.2 Terminological entry at second level of concept system.
3.2.2.1 Terminological entry at third level of concept system.
3.3 Terminological entry at first level of concept system.

This arrangement means that terms can also occur in non-terminal subclauses, and in effect means that terms can appear to be nested within other terms in numbering. This is indicated via a [.term] role attribute:

== Terms and definitions

[.term]
=== Term

==== Term

==== Term

[.term]
=== Term

==== Term

Mixed order

In mixed order,

  • entry numbers of divisions are "serial numbers reflecting the structure of the concept system"

  • entry numbers of terminological entries within the divisions are "serial numbers reflecting the order of preference"

EXAMPLE.

3.1 Division at first level of concept system.
3.2 Division at first level of concept system.
3.2.1 Terminological entry in the order of preference.
3.2.2 Terminological entry in the order of preference.
3.2 Division at first level of concept system.
3.2.1 Division at second level of concept system.
3.2.1.1 Terminological entry in the order of preference.

This arrangement is of typical structure in Metanorma, where only the terminal subclauses within a “Terms and definitions” clause are treated as terms, and any intermediate sections are treated as subclauses.

EXAMPLE.

== Terms and definitions

=== Subclause 1

==== Term

==== Term

=== Subclause 2

==== Term

Combined terms and definitions

The title of a top-level “Terms and definitions” clause is populated automatically, overriding the title provided by the user.

If it contains a “Symbols” and “Abbreviated terms” subclause, it is titled "`Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms`", otherwise it is titled "`Terms and definitions`".

The “Symbols” and “Abbreviated terms” subclauses are also titled; other subclauses of “Terms and definitions” clauses are not.

In summary, allowed titles for the top-level “Terms and definitions” clause (Clause 3) include:

  • “Terms and definitions”

  • “Terms, definitions and symbols”

  • “Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms”

  • “Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms”

Concept mentions

Metanorma supports intelligent terms referencing in term definitions.

In ISO deliverables, if a term definition contains a term that is defined in the current document, this term needs to be put in italics with a cross-reference for that term supplied between parenthesis immediately after.

EXAMPLE (ISO/IEC Directives Part 2 (2020), 16.5.10):

part of a terminological data collection which contains the terminological data (3.1.3) related to one concept (3.2.1)

This is done in Metanorma by using citation of terms, on which see Referencing concepts [added in https://github.com/metanorma/metanorma-iso/releases/tag/v1.8.6].

So the foregoing instance would be automatically generated through:

part of a terminological data collection which contains the
{{terminological data}} related to one {{concept}}

assuming the terms are defined as the text “terminological data” and “concept”, or

part of a terminological data collection which contains the
{{terminology data,terminological data}}
related to one {{conceptual notion,concept}}

if say the terms are defined with different wording.

Metanorma imposes the default rendering of term citations following the ISO house style: [added in https://github.com/metanorma/metanorma-iso/releases/tag/v1.8.7]

  • The first mention of a term in the “Terms and definitions” clause is italicised with a following bracketed cross-reference.

    "concept (3.2.1)"
  • Subsequent mentions of that term in the “Terms and definitions” clause are in plaintext, with no following bracketed cross-reference.

    "concept"
  • Other mentions of the term in the document are in also plaintext, with no following bracketed cross-reference.

    "concept"

Vocabulary documents

The “vocabulary” document type is defined in the ISO house style and title requirements defined in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, 2018, 11.5.2.

According to the ISO House Rules:

A vocabulary is the source document for the terms and definitions of a committee or subject. It is not a collection of terms used in the documents of a committee. Therefore, it does not:

  • state that it is a collection of terms;

  • list the documents that use its terminological entries;

  • include documents from its committee as “SOURCE”.

  • It can include documents from another committee as “SOURCE”.

A vocabulary is the only ISO document that can have terminological entries in clauses other than Clause 3. If terminological entries are given in other clauses, use a clause title starting “Terms related to”. Terminological entries are never included in annexes.

In documents of subtype :vocabulary:, terminological entries are permitted outside of Clause 3 [added in https://github.com/metanorma/metanorma-iso/releases/tag/v1.8.3]. Such sections still need indicated with the heading attribute set to terms and definitions:

:docsubtype: vocabulary

....

== Terms and definitions

...

[heading=terms and definitions]
== Terms related to comedy

....

Annexes and appendices

In ISO, Appendixes to annexes can occur, although they are not mentioned in ISO/IEC DIR 2; ISO/IEC DIR 1 features them. They are marked up as immediate subsections of annexes, and must be tagged with an option attribute of appendix:

[appendix]
== Annex A
Text

[%appendix]
=== Appendix 1
Text

Bibliographies

Note
This subsection supplements References & Bibliography in general Metanorma documentation.

All references under Normative References are expected to have such a standard document identifier. For example:

* [[[ricepotentialmilling,ISO 6646]]], _Rice -- Determination of the potential milling yield from paddy and from husked rice_
* [[[ISOGuide73, ISO Guide 73:2009]]], _Risk management -- Vocabulary_

ISO 6646 in this example would be cited from elsewhere in the document through cross-references to the ricepotentialmilling identifier; e.g. \<< ricepotentialmilling>> (which will be rendered as ISO 6646), <<ricepotentialmilling, section 5>> (which will be rendered as ISO 6646, Section 5), <<ricepotentialmilling,section 5: the foregoing discussion>> (which will be tagged in the XML representation as Section 5 of ISO 6646, but will be displayed as the foregoing discussion.)

ISO treats dated and undated references as separate (an undated reference is taken to refer to the latest published edition of that reference.) if reference is to be made to both an undated and a dated version of an ISO reference, these need to be explicitly listed as separate references.

Tip

If an ISO reference is in preparation, ISO/IEC DIR 2 dictates that details of the reference status be given as a footnote. In Asciidoc, this is done by giving the date as a double dash, and following the bibliographic anchor with a footnote macro:

* [[[ISO16634,ISO 16634:--]]] footnote:[Under preparation. (Stage at the time of publication ISO/DIS 16634)], _Cereals, pulses, milled cereal products, oilseeds and animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of the total nitrogen content by combustion according to the Dumas principle and calculation of the crude protein content_

If an ISO reference includes all parts of the standard, that is indicated by appending (all parts) after the reference anchor:

* [[[ISO16634,ISO 16634 (all parts)]]] _Cereals, pulses, milled cereal products, oilseeds and animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of the total nitrogen content by combustion according to the Dumas principle and calculation of the crude protein content_

In informative references, references to standards documents are still given with the same format of bibliographic anchor, and they are cited by their document identifier — although they are displayed with an incrementing reference number in brackets, for consistency with any bibliographic entries that are not standards documents. ISO references appear before non-ISO references. So

[bibliography]
== Bibliography

* [[[ISO3696,ISO 3696]]], _Water for analytical laboratory use -- Specification and test methods_
...
* [[[ref11,11]]] Nitrogen-ammonia-protein modified Kjeldahl method -- Titanium oxide and copper sulfate catalyst. _Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the AOCS_ (ed. Firestone, D.E.), AOCS Official Method Ba Ai 4-91, 1997, AOCS Press, Champaign, IL

is displayed as:

Bibliography

[1] ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods …​ [11] Nitrogen-ammonia-protein modified Kjeldahl method — Titanium oxide and copper sulfate catalyst. Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the AOCS (ed. Firestone, D.E.), AOCS Official Method Ba Ai 4-91, 1997, AOCS Press, Champaign, IL

The entries in the Bibliography are reordered (and, for numerical references, renumbered) according to the following criteria:

  • Document class (as defined in the ISO sample Rice document): standard which ISO has published or co-published; standard which IEC has published or co-published; other standards; other documents.

    • Standards are identified by the use of a code for the document identifier, as opposed to a number.

  • Document identifier type (as a proxy for the standards setting body)

  • Document number (the numeric portion of the standards identifier, sorted numerically)

  • Full document identifier

  • Document title

The bracketed reference numbers are expected to be correct and in order (accounting for the fact that references to standards will end up numbered): they are not overriden in rendering.

Amendments and technical corrigenda

Amendments and technical corrigenda [added in https://github.com/metanorma/isodoc/releases/tag/v1.3.25] have the following particularities in their markup.

Dates

Amendments and technical corrigenda bear two dates in their identifiers: the date of the source document, and the date of the update. The latter date is given as the :copyright-year: attribute (and may be given in more detail as the :updated-date: attribute. The former date is given as the :created-date: attribute; if it is missing, the :copyright-year: is used instead.

The :edition: attribute applies to the source document, not to the amendment.

The :updates: attribute must be used, to give the identifier of the source document, including the date. If this is a corrigendum to an addendum, the source identifier must be that of the Addendum.

Clauses

There are no special clauses: clauses describe the location at which changes are applied. So == Terms and definitions does not introduce a Terms section: it describes the changes to be applied to the Terms section of the existing document. For the same reason, there are no annexes or distinct bibliographies.

Clauses are only expected to be one level deep.

The clauses in amendments and technical corrigenda are instances of the change clauses described in Machine-readable changes.

[change=delete,locality="clause=introduction,paragraph=4-7"]
== Introduction

Form

The document takes the form of clauses describing what is to be amended; the amendments themselves are quoted.

Because the quoted material are snippets with little context, auto-numbering will not yield sensible results, and neither will cross-referencing autonumbered blocks or clauses. For that reason, amendments and technical corrigenda must not use cross-referencing, and any auto-numbering is suppressed. Users will have to include explicit numbering in any snippets of text (as they already do), and mock up clause titles by using boldface (since clause titles will be quoted, and thus not recognised as such).
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