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  • 1.
    Borglund, Erik A. M.
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi.
    What is really regulating the work with open data?2019Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 2.
    Kallberg, Maria
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Ivarsson, Elisabeth
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Troselius, Nils
    Rapport från ARCHIDIS-sommarskola: Marburg 1-12 augusti 20112012Inngår i: Arkiv, samhälle och forskning, ISSN 0349-0505, Vol. 2011, nr 1, s. 22-27Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 3.
    Kallberg, Maria
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Sundberg, Håkan
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Improving Local Government - A Survey of Problems2010Inngår i: Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference e-Society 2010 / [ed] Piet Kommers and Pedro Isaías, International Association for Development of the Information Society , 2010, s. 76-84Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This article is based on a survey of projects directed at improving business operations in two local government bodies in Sweden, Härnösand municipality with a population of 25,000 and Sundsvall municipality with a population of 95,000. The projects are directed at the modernization and improvement of service delivery to their citizens. Both municipalities are conducting projects that will enhance e-government. E-government aims to reform government public management, to allow for citizens’ participation in policy making and to foster efficiency and transparency. This has required the effective deployment of information systems to manage the information resources. Modern information technologies have facilitated the automation of business processes within the municipalities and the delivery of e-services to citizens, who can now access public information via the websites. This development however requires new ways of thinking which promote collaboration beyond the administrative departments and a holistic way of using the available resources. Information management is crucial to the daily decision-making processes and in establishing an efficient and service-minded organization which is customer-centered. However, critical factors regarding project implementation, change management business processes and the challenges of e-government will have to be addressed if successful achievement of agile government structures is to be attained. The article therefore highlights the challenges that still persist as local government bodies try to espouse the modernization process and identifies the areas that need closer examination.

  • 4.
    Sundqvist, Anneli
    et al.
    Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Science, Oslo, Norway.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Information culture and records management: a suitable match? Conceptualizations of information culture and their application on records management2016Inngår i: International Journal of Information Management, ISSN 0268-4012, E-ISSN 1873-4707, Vol. 36, nr 1, s. 9-15Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Good information and records management is assumed to promote organizational efficiency. Despite established management regimes and available technology, many organizations still consider information and records management challenging. The reason may be cultural factors. This study based on a literature review, aims to explore the academic discourse on information culture and to discuss its relevance for records management. The findings show that the concept information culture is used in various ways: as an explanatory framework; as an analytical and evaluative tool; or as normative standard. The research on information culture addresses several areas: business performance, systems implementation, the manifestation of information culture in different organizations, and a few concerns records management practices. The research settings and the objects of study varied, why general conclusions are difficult to draw, but often a positive correlation between culture and performance is assumed. The focus has been on how information is used, shared and disseminated, while the production and management, that is the vital object of records management, has with few exceptions been neglected. If information culture should fully function as an analytical framework concerning records management, a widened and more inclusive conceptualization is required, which also will enrich information culture as a theoretical concept.

  • 5.
    Sundqvist, Anneli
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    IT - the most revolutionary issue globally: but is it for all?2007Inngår i: InfoTrend, ISSN 1653-0225, Vol. 62, nr 3, s. 71-78Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This article discusses the challenges of disseminating

    information using ICTs (Information

    and Communication Technologies) in postconflict

    countries like Sierra Leone and focuses

    on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's

    (TRC) findings. The TRC findings were meant

    to promote an understanding of the crimes

    that were committed against the innocent civilians

    during the war, and to contribute to the

    prevention of future atrocities. It particularly

    looks at the most marginalized groups, namely,

    women and children. The TRC findings were

    published in both a book and electronic form.

    Some simpler versions of the findings were

    also published by some NGOs but nevertheless,

    the diffusion of information into parts

    of the society where it is needed mostly has

    been inadequate. The Internet is a medium

    used to disseminate information effectively

    from one to many. The electronic version of the

    findings is available on the Internet but access

    to it requires information skills and access to

    ICTs. It is argued that lack of ICTs and information

    skills is an obstacle to the empowerment

    of women and children in Sierra Leone,

    which also hinders sustainable development.

    This article discusses the challenges of disseminating

    information using ICTs (Information

    and Communication Technologies) in postconflict

    countries like Sierra Leone and focuses

    on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's

    (TRC) findings. The TRC findings were meant

    to promote an understanding of the crimes

    that were committed against the innocent civilians

    during the war, and to contribute to the

    prevention of future atrocities. It particularly

    looks at the most marginalized groups, namely,

    women and children. The TRC findings were

    published in both a book and electronic form.

    Some simpler versions of the findings were

    also published by some NGOs but nevertheless,

    the diffusion of information into parts

    of the society where it is needed mostly has

    been inadequate. The Internet is a medium

    used to disseminate information effectively

    from one to many. The electronic version of the

    findings is available on the Internet but access

    to it requires information skills and access to

    ICTs. It is argued that lack of ICTs and information

    skills is an obstacle to the empowerment

    of women and children in Sierra Leone,

    which also hinders sustainable development.

    This article discusses the challenges of disseminating

    information using ICTs (Information

    and Communication Technologies) in postconflict

    countries like Sierra Leone and focuses

    on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's

    (TRC) findings. The TRC findings were meant

    to promote an understanding of the crimes

    that were committed against the innocent civilians

    during the war, and to contribute to the

    prevention of future atrocities. It particularly

    looks at the most marginalized groups, namely,

    women and children. The TRC findings were

    published in both a book and electronic form.

    Some simpler versions of the findings were

    also published by some NGOs but nevertheless,

    the diffusion of information into parts

    of the society where it is needed mostly has

    been inadequate. The Internet is a medium

    used to disseminate information effectively

    from one to many. The electronic version of the

    findings is available on the Internet but access

    to it requires information skills and access to

    ICTs. It is argued that lack of ICTs and information

    skills is an obstacle to the empowerment

    of women and children in Sierra Leone,

    which also hinders sustainable development.

     

  • 6.
    Svard, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier (-2013).
    Archiving Challenges in Africa: The Case of Post-Conflict Liberia2009Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores the challenges of archiving in Africa, drawing on a case study of Liberia, a country that has just emerged from a decade-long civil war. It examines the challenges of archiving/documenting of human rights abuses during the Liberian civil war by the recently established Liberian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) but will also draw on experiences from the Sierra Leonean TRC. Archiving in Africa is beset with numberous problems and they include the lack of functioning national archives, adequate personnel, finacial resources, lack of Internet diffusion, low literacy levels and capacities and the political will to make information available to the public. Yet, archiving is key to the promotion of transparency, accountability and democratic development and therefore of importance in socieites where people have been repressed and where endemic corruption and resource distribution have led to civil wars. The Liberian TRC is likely to generate compound documents, which will include audiovisual files. While the developed world is grapppling with the electronic preservation of information, the developing countries in Africa and elsewhere need to address the challenge of the management and establishment of information systems that will promote the freedom of information. This paper intends to come up with recommendaitons that will be useful for the planning of proper information systems for future TRC missions on the continent.

  • 7.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa .
    A proactive and holistic information management approach is crucial to e-government development2017Inngår i: ESARBICA Journal: Journal of the Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Branch of the International Council on Archives, ISSN 0376-4753, Vol. 36, s. 1-11Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 8.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Access and democratisation of information: the documentation of war atrocities by the Liberian Truth and Reconciliation Commission2008Inngår i: Comma, ISSN 1680-1865, nr 1, s. 123-134Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The Liberian Truth and Reconciliation Commission was established to document the atrocities committed against the civilian population between 1979 and 2003. It is through access to this information that the citizens and civil society organisation can interrogate government on the implementation of the TRC's recommendaitons. The post-conflict reconstruction should include the establishment of an information infrastructure at the TRC to promote the dissemination of information, and the documentation generated must be correctly managed if it is to serve its intended purpose for which it is being created. Institutions such as the national Archives of Liberia should be equipped to allow information managment activities such as pervation and access. TRC archives are the collective memory of the war atrocities; their good management is vital for the healing, democratisation, and reconciliation processes.

     

  • 9.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Södertörns högskola.
    Access to government information: a global phenomenon but what are the challenges?2018Inngår i: ESARBICA Journal, ISSN 2220-6442, Vol. 37, s. 158-177Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 10.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Accountability and Transparency: Why Documentation is a necessary condition for Democracy2007Annet (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 11.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Archival Challenges2005Inngår i: News from the Nordic Africa Institute, ISSN 1403-8366, nr 2Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 12.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Södertörn högskola; University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
    E-government development and challenges of freeing public sector information2017Inngår i: The Governance of Local Communities : Global Perspectives and Challenges / [ed] Thomas F. Reilly, Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2017, s. 145-162Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter investigates the challenges faced by two Swedish municipalities in freeing government information as required by both the European and the Swedish Public Sector Information (PSI) directives. Sweden enacted its PSI directive in July 2010, based on the 2003 European PSI directive, which all member states were required to implement. Municipalities are directed to proactively publish data for public consumption. Swedish municipalities are engaged in e-Government development, which has also led to an increase of the information they are required to manage effectively. In Sweden, PSI is an integral part of the e-Government policy. Sweden is working to regain its leading position in the World, as far as e-Government development is concerned. Sweden’s e-Government mantra is “to make it as simple as possible, for as many as possible.” e-Government development is meant to transform government institutions by making them simple, open, accessible, effective, and secure. The Swedish third generation e-Government focuses on demand-driven development of electronic services, third-party collaboration in service development, that is, the citizens, increased re-use of public sector information, and responsibility for adding value to information and services. The implementation of the PSI directive is slow because municipalities have different budgetary capacities. Large municipalities, with sufficient budgets, are implementing the directive and have started releasing for public consumption while small ones continue to issue single documents on websites. Uneven e-Government development influences the release of PSI. Small municipalities lack human, technical, and financial resources available to large ones.

  • 13.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    e-Government Initiatives and Information Management in Two Local Government Authorities.2010Inngår i: Proceedings of 4th European Conference on Information Management and Evaluation, Reading: Academic Publishing International, 2010, s. 429-436Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The paper will focus on the management of information in two government municipalities by looking at the interface between Records Management and Enterprise Content Management. Sundsvall and Härnösand municipalities in Sweden will provide case studies for the research. Sundsvall municipality has a population of 95,000 inhabitants and has developed an overall vision called MRP (Mål-Resurs-Planering) literally translated as (Goal-Centered Resource Planning) that defines an overall view of its activities. Härnösand municipality has a population of 25,000 inhabitants and has also undertaken projects to improve its operations. Local government authorities have been characterized as rigid structures that are slow in reacting to change. The current financial global environment is changing this and we now see that the municipalities also re-engineering their work processes. The demand for high quality service delivery from the citizens is pushing this development. In the private sector, Business Process Management (BPM), Enterprise Architecture (EA) and Enterprise Content Management (ECM) are tools being recommended as the panacea for effective organizations. The management of information assets is of paramount importance to the achievement of efficiency and the delivery of quality services. The municipalities’ engagement in E-government has meant a two-flow of information between them and the citizens which has resulted into a deluge of information that has to be effectively managed. Based on the literature reviewed on ECM and records management, the paper aims to establish how the municipalities are coping with the burgeoning information and will highlight the challenges of information management in shifting environments.

  • 14.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Enterprise Content Management and the Records Continuum Model as strategies for long-term preservation of digital information2013Inngår i: Records Management Journal, ISSN 0956-5698, E-ISSN 1758-7689, Vol. 23, nr 3, s. 159-176Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 15.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Södertörns högskola.
    Enterprise content management, records management and information culture amidst E-government development2017Bok (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This book identifies key factors necessary for a well-functioning information infrastructure and explores how information culture impacts the management of public information, stressing the need for a proactive and holistic information management approach amidst e-Government development. In an effort to deal with an organization's scattered information resources, Enterprise Content Management, Records Management and Information Culture Amidst E-Government Development investigates the key differences between Enterprise Content Management (ECM) and Records Management (RM), the impact of e-Government development on information management and the role of information in enhancing accountability and transparency of government institutions. The book hence identifies factors that contribute to a well-functioning information infrastructure and further explores how information culture impacts the management of public information. It highlights the Records Continuum Model (RCM) thinking as a more progressive way of managing digital information in an era of pluralization of government information. It also emphasizes the need for information/records management skills amidst e-Government development. Ideas about records, information, and content management have fundamentally changed and developed because of increasing digitalization. Though not fully harmonized, these new ideas commonly stress and underpin the need for a proactive and holistic information management approach. The proactive approach entails planning for the management of the entire information continuum before the information is created. For private enterprises and government institutions endeavoring to meet new information demands from customers, citizens and the society at large, such an approach is a prerequisite for accomplishing their missions. It could be argued that information is and has always been essential to all human activities and we are witnessing a transformation of the information landscape. 

  • 16.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Exploring Two Approaches to Information Management: two Swedish municipalities as examples2014Inngår i: Enterprise Content Management in Information Systems Research: Foundations, Methods and Cases / [ed] vom Brocke, Jan, Simons, Alexander, Berlin, Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin/Heidelberg, 2014, s. 217-235Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 17.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of South Africa, South Africa; Södertörn Högskola.
    Freedom of information laws and information access: The case of Sierra Leone2017Inngår i: Information Development, ISSN 0266-6669, E-ISSN 1741-6469, Vol. 33, nr 2, s. 190-198Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Sierra Leone was engulfed in a destructive civil war between 1991 and 2002. The civil war was partly caused by the non-accountability of the government, endemic corruption, misrule and the mismanagement of the country’s resources. Efforts have been made by the country, with the help of the international community, to embrace a democratic dispensation. To demonstrate its commitment to the democratization agenda, Sierra Leone passed the Right to Access Information (RAI) Act in 2013. The Act guarantees access to government information and also imposes a penalty on failure to make information available. However, Sierra Leone’s state institutions are still weak due to mismanagement and lack of transparency and accountability. Freedom of expression and access to information are cornerstones of modern democracies. Public information/records are a means of power that governments and other political institutions use to exercise control over citizens, but are also a means of citizens’ empowerment. Through access to government information/records, media can play their watchdog role and people can assess the performance of governments and hold them accountable. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the fact that it is not enough to enact freedom of information laws (FOIs) if there is no political will to make government information accessible, an information management infrastructure to facilitate the creation, capture, management, dissemination, preservation and re-use of government information and investments in civil education to promote an information culture that appreciates information as a resource that underpins accountability and transparency.

  • 18.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Gavin Simpson on the documentation of the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission, News No. 3 October.2006Annet (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 19.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of South Africa, South Africa.
    Has the Freedom of Information Act enhanced transparency and the free flow of information in Liberia?2018Inngår i: Information Development, ISSN 0266-6669, E-ISSN 1741-6469, Vol. 34, nr 1, s. 20-30Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This article investigates if the adoption of the Liberian Freedom of Information (FOI) law 2010 has led to a transparent government and increased the free flow of government information. Freeing government information is expected to create transparent and accountable governments. It brings forth democratic and inclusive government institutions that work for the people. Inclusivity, transparency and accountability are expected to address sustainable development challenges and democracy deficits. Transparency and accountability can only be achieved through access to government information. The right to access government information is also included in the national constitution of Liberia. The citizens of Liberia in West Africa suffered from a protracted civil war between 1989-1996 and 1999-2003 respectively. These wars were partly caused by non-accountability of the governments, endemic corruption and the mismanagement of the countries' resources. Efforts are being made by the government with the help of the international community to embrace a new democratic dispensation. Liberia was also one of the first African countries to enact a Freedom of Information (FOI) Law that would enable Liberians to access government information.

  • 20.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Södertörns högskola.
    Hindrances to access and re-use of open government data: the case of Sweden2017Inngår i: Proceeding of DLIS 2017 International Conference, Gaborone: University of Botswana , 2017, s. 1-17Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 21.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
    Information and records management systems and the impact of information culture on the management of public information2014Doktoravhandling, monografi (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    The information society and the paperless office are by now two timeworn metaphors of contemporary society, where information is considered as the main asset and vehicle for economic, cultural and political achievements, enhanced by the use of information technology. Though information is considered an important asset not much attention is paid to its management. We currently witness a transformation in the information landscape, traditional modes of communication, work and daily life. This development is also affecting the performance of governments and other public institutions, and thus impacting their interactions with citizens. The political, administrative and technological challenges have affected information and records management practices and have brought about new requirements on the creation and management of information. Furthermore, increased demand from citizens for efficient service delivery from public sector organizations has had implications for the information that underpins those services. e-Government initiatives are being promoted in many countries. What is central to e-Government is the effective use of information and information communication technologies. The overall aim of the research was to establish if the two Swedish municipalities and a municipality in Belgium that provided case studies, were meeting with the new demands on information management and if they were embracing a proactive and holistic approach amidst e-Government development. The municipalities that were subjects of this research were engaged in eGovernment development. The overall aim was achieved by critically examining the interface between Enterprise Content Management and records management and the role information culture played in the management of public records. The research was pursued using qualitative methods. Case studies were employed because they offer a deeper understanding of the phenomenon being researched. The research instrumentally used the lens of the Records Continuum Model (RCM) to analyze the information activities of the municipalities. This is because the RCM promotes the management of the entire records’ continuum, a proactive approach, combines the management of archives and records management activities and supports the pluralisation (use of records in different contexts and by different stakeholders) of the captured records. It also used Oliver’s (2011) framework for assessing information culture. Furthermore, the research highlights the information management challenges that the municipalities are facing as they engage in e-Government development. vii The results of the research have revealed that despite e-Government initiatives, the management of information is still a challenge. The municipalities have a strong legal framework that regulates the management of public information and to a certain degree knowledge about how effective information management could be achieved. However, the people issues complicate and minimise leveraging information and the information systems in a manner that would promote the effective creation, use and management of information. This is likely to compromise the e-Government objectives of increased accountability, transparency, efficiency and the municipal employees’ competence development. Enterprise Content Management (ECM) was not known in the municipalities. This research has identified the differences between ECM and Records Management and highlighted the overlapping areas between ECM and the information management strategies of the municipalities. It further confirms that information culture is an important component of effective information and records management. Though a lot of investment is being made in information management systems, the people issues need to be equally addressed.

  • 22.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Information Culture in Three Municipalities and Its Impact on Information Management amidst E-Government Development2014Inngår i: IFLA Journal, ISSN 0340-0352, E-ISSN 1745-2651, Vol. 40, nr 1, s. 48-59Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This article presents research conducted in three municipalities in Sweden and Belgium. The municipalities were involved in e-Government development. The article focuses on information culture, which constitutes the attitudes and norms embraced by the municipal employees towards public information management and use. E-Government is meant to improve efficiency through the use of information technology and information. This, however, requires effective information management regimes if information is to be leveraged in a manner that will enable the municipalities to attain their ultimate goal of high quality service delivery. Despite investments in information systems this research has proved that the information culture embraced by these will have to change if the ultimate goal of delivering high quality services to the citizens and the effective use and re-use of information is to be achieved. Information culture researchers argue that there is a correlation between business success and information culture. Therefore, the attitudes, norms and how the employees value organizational information, impacts its efficient use and management. This article therefore highlights some of the challenges that are caused by the attitudes of the municipal employees like lack of information management skills, collaboration and insufficient information management systems and satisfactory information management architecture. Even though huge investments are currently being made in the development of e-services, there are soft issues that need to be seriously addressed.

  • 23.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Information Management Strategies in Two Swedish Municipalities: Similarities with Enterprise Content Management.2011Inngår i: Information and Records Management Annual, (iRMA), ISSN 1836-3202, s. 153-182Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper is based on case studies which involved two small municipalities in Sweden. It examines whether the information management strategies being implemented in the municipalities could be considered to be the same as or similar to enterprise content management. In the private sector enterprise content management is being promoted as the panacea to the exponentially increasing amounts of information. It is being deployed to enable the effective capture, management, distribution, retrieval, storage and preservation of both structured and unstructured information. Public administrations are now required to deliver e government service 24 hours a day, seven days a week. In response to this requirement, local government municipalities in Sweden are working to integrate the numerous information management systems spread across their various committees, administrative divisions

    and public utility companies. They have also embarked on workflow analysis and business processes to help meet current and future demands for high quality service delivery within reduced budgets. Records management is being used to manage their information resources, to increase efficiency and to enhance transparency and accountability. The enterprise content management proponents suggests it is crucial to address a number of factors if organizations are to cope with the exponential growth in both structured and unstructured information, and to leverage information in order to achieve a competitive edge. Those factors are:

     

    • Business process management;

    • Collaboration;

    • Change management;

    • Repurposing of information;

    • Knowledge management;

    • System integration;

    • Enterprise architecture; and

    • The lifecycle management of information.

     

    While this paper does not give an in-depth analysis of these factors, it explores, within the context of the case studies, their maturity and how they are addressed in two Swedish municipalities as they work towards their e-services goals and the effective management of information and records. The paper also explores definitions of enterprise content management and records management.

  • 24.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Interview with Mary Burton, Former Commissioner of The South African Truth and Reconciliation (TRC).2008Annet (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 25.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Jerome Verdier on the Liberia Truth and Reconciliation Commission2007Annet (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 26.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Liberia’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission: The Importance of Documentation in Postwar Education and Reconciliation2013Annet (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 27.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Södertörn högskola.
    Public Information Directive (PSI) implementation in two Swedish municipalities2018Inngår i: Records Management Journal, ISSN 0956-5698, E-ISSN 1758-7689, Vol. 28, nr 1, s. 2-17Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This paper examines the implementation of the Public Sector Information (PSI) directive in two Swedish municipalities amidst a changing information management landscape impacted by e-government development. Government information is currently looked upon as a “gold mine” and “raw material” to be explored by interested parties. The PSI directive grants European citizens a right to access government information flows (PSI) in order to develop new electronic services. The Swedish government implemented its PSI directive in July 2010. Swedish municipalities have to embrace the directive and make the PSI available to the general public. The literature review highlighted a number of critical issues that should be addressed if PSI initiatives are to succeed. This study revealed that the two municipalities had different resource capacities, and the levels of e-government development varied. This meant that the implementation of the PSI directive also varied. The bigger municipality with a bigger budget had implemented the PSI directive and was publishing data sets on its website, while the smaller municipality with a smaller budget only published a few documents. This paper, therefore, argues that the municipalities should have the same capacity if the PSI is to be a democratic endeavor to serve all citizens. Good quality PSI will also require the municipalities to embrace a records and information continua thinking, which highlights the necessity to proactively and holistically manage the information for pluralization in different contexts. Design/methodology/approach: This paper builds on interviews that were conducted with four municipal officers. The number of respondents is quite small because the focus was specifically on people who were responsible for the implementation of the PSI directive in the municipalities. The respondents were identified through their fellow colleagues and they also recommended each other. Pickard refers to this kind of approach as a snow-bowling approach. Through interviews and observation, one participant advises on issues that need further inquiry and, hence, directs the researcher to another person who might offer more answers. A general interview guide approach was used to solicit answers to issues such as the implementation of the PSI directive, guidelines for PSI publication, if terms such as big data and open data were being used in the municipalities, if the municipalities had an information governance plan and how it was understood, if the information systems were well aligned to meet with the requirements of the PSI directive, how e-government development affected information management and information security and if the municipalities had information security guidelines. Findings: The Swedish government requires its administrations to engage in e-government development. This development has led to increased amounts of information that the municipalities have to effectively manage and make available to the general public. However, the municipalities operate under different conditions. Municipalities that are financially stronger are better placed to invest in measures that will lead to better quality PSI. All municipalities are, however, expected to implement the PSI directive. The two municipalities that were the subjects of this study had different information management environments and the capacity to invest in information management systems that would facilitate the management of their information resources. The budgetary constraints faced by smaller municipalities might impact the implementation of the PSI directive and, hence, hinder the publication of the PSI. e-Government is meant to be an inclusive project, and the PSI is meant for all citizens with innovative ideas. There is a risk that citizens who belong to poorer municipalities might not be equally privileged compared to those living in resourceful municipalities. This poses a democratic challenge that should concern all people interested in an open and inclusive society. Originality/value: Little research has so far been published on the implementation process of the PSI directive. The discourses that have started to emerge discuss the challenges of open data without paying much attention to the creation, capture and the management aspects of the PSI. The originality of this paper, therefore, lies in the application of the records and information continua thinking, which highlights dimensions that enhance information management and the democratic challenges that will be caused by the data divide, as municipalities have different capabilities when it comes to the publication of the PSI.

  • 28. Svärd, Proscovia
    Records management and e-Government development in Europe: a tale of 3 municipalities.2013Inngår i: IQ: The RIM Quarterly, ISSN 0816-200X, Vol. 29, nr 4, s. 37-42Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 29.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi.
    The Archivists’ Understanding of New Public Management and Outsourcing of Government Information: The Case of Sweden2019Inngår i: Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies, ISSN 2663-659X, Vol. 37, nr 1Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to investigate the archivists’ understanding of New Public Management (NPM) and its impact on their role as gatekeepers of government information. The paper therefore presents the views of the archivists who traditionally manage the creation, capture and organisation of information at the Swedish Transport Board (STB). Government information is key to institutional transparency and hence the stringent legal framework that governs it. Sweden is considered a highly transparent country and through its Press Act, which dates as far back as the 1766, all its citizens enjoy the right to access government information. This way, citizens can follow and scrutinise the government processes, which increases openness and trust in government institutions. However, this image of Sweden as open and transparent was challenged by the “Transportgate IT scandal,” which put it in the limelight of both national and international media. The scandal was due to outsourcing. Global governments these days operate under increased financial constraints, demands for efficiency and environmentally sustainable solutions and are therefore engaged in the outsourcing of government functions. Outsourcing is a strategy within New Public Management and is regarded as a solution to the above-mentioned constraints. Outsourcing is being done within the growing popularity of NPM, which is the adoption of methods and best practice from the private sector. However, among the challenges that outsourcing poses is data/information security. Yet, one of the building stones of trust in government institutions is secure and trustworthy government information. As the “Transportgate IT scandal” unfolded, the focus was on IT security and there was a total lack of discussion on the information contained in the systems. This paper used a case study as a method to explore the above issues. It applied a literature review and interviews as data gathering techniques. The results confirmed that the archivists had a full understanding of NPM and its impact on the management of government information. They are supposed to play a key role in the management of government information, but they were not at all involved in the outsourcing process. There is a danger that this development might impact the trust citizens have in government institutions since access to government information might be compromised. Therefore, outsourcing of government information should involve all the stakeholders and there should be well-formulated clauses to protect it.

  • 30.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier (-2013).
    The Challenges of Documenting War Atrocities in Post-Conflict Sierra Leone: A Study of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC).2007Inngår i: African Journal of International Affairs, ISSN 0850-7902, Vol. 10, nr 1&2, s. 55-72Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This essay examines the challenges posed by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s (TRC) documentation of the war atrocities committed against SierraLeoneans. It argues for the proper preservation and dissemination of the documents generated by the TRC process in an effort to build a collective memory.Preservation should include the logical arrangement of the records to enhance accessibility by the research community and the Sierra Leonean public. Access to the TRC documentation is one way of educating the Sierra Leonean people and empowering them with the necessary information that will enable them to reconcile with each other at individual and societal levels, thereby facilitate thedemocratisation of their society.

  • 31.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    The impact of information culture on information/ records management: A case study of a municipality in Belgium2014Inngår i: Records Management Journal, ISSN 0956-5698, E-ISSN 1758-7689, Vol. 24, nr 1, s. 5-21Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 32.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Södertörn University College.
    The impact of new public management through outsourcing on the management of government information: The case of Sweden2019Inngår i: Records Management Journal, ISSN 0956-5698, E-ISSN 1758-7689, Vol. 29, nr 1/2, s. 134-151Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Using a case study method, the article investigates the impact New Public Management (NPM), through outsourcing has had on the management of government information at the Swedish Transport Agency. In April 2015 the Agency outsourced its IT-operations to IBM company. Some of the IBM sub-contractors had not been cleared by the Swedish Security Service. This exposed the Agency’s information to risk. By outsourcing the IT operations, the General Director of the Agency deviated from the laws governing government information such as the Swedish Security Protection Act, the Personal Data Act and the Publicity and Secrecy Act. Design/methodology/approach: The researcher has applied a case study method as the investigation focuses on a phenomenon in a real-life setting. The case study method entails the use of past studies, which facilitates the exploration and understanding of a complex issue. The phenomenon under investigation is NPM’s impact, through outsourcing, on the management of public information at the Swedish Transportation Agency. Findings: Outsourcing should be foregone by well-formulated contracts that should put into consideration the management of government information and the involvement of all stakeholders such as records managers/archivists, IT personnel, heads of departments, lawyers and business analysts. Outsourcing risks to compromise the two tenets of democracy that is, accountability and transparency which are central to Swedish public administrations’ operations. Research limitations/implications: The study is limited by the fact that it only presents the views of the archivists. This was, however, purposely done because their voice was missing during the discussions that followed after the data breach scandal had become public knowledge. Additionally, archivists are supposed to play a major role in the management of government information at Swedish institutions. Further research that will involve different categories of employees might give a deeper and better understanding of the impact that NPM, through outsourcing, is having on the management of government information and what implications this might have on issues of trust, transparency and accountability. Practical implications: The study demonstrates the need for well-formulated outsourcing contracts that will include information management clauses. It is of crucial importance in a democratic society that access to government information is not compromised as institutions endeavor to achieve efficiency and high-quality service delivery. Social implications: It is government information that gives citizens knowledge about the various processes of government institutions. It is therefore of paramount importance that government information is not left in the hands of unauthorized companies that are involved in the outsourcing activity but should be securely managed and guarded, as the opposite might pose privacy and national security challenges and hence undermine the trust that citizens have in government institutions. Originality/value: The search that the author conducted confirmed paucity in research that discusses issues related to NPM, outsourcing and the management of government information. This paper is therefore a contribution to the discourse from an archives and information management perspective.

  • 33.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    The Interface Between Enterprise Content Management and Records Management in Changing Organizations2011Licentiatavhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    The increased demand from citizens for efficient service delivery from public sector organizations has implications for the information that underpins those services. Robust and effective information management is required. Information is looked upon as a resource that can give organizations a competitive edge if it is well leveraged. To address the need for more services and for more efficient service delivery, the Swedish government has promoted e-government initiatives and the two municipalities that are the subjects of this research have responded by engaging in e-service development and provision. e-Government has at its core the use of information and communication technology (ICT).  The municipalities have embarked on the analysis and automation of their business processes and hence the use of information systems. 

    Web-based technologies have created a two-way communication flow which has generated complex information for the municipalities to address. This development calls for stronger information and records management regimes. Enterprise Content Management is a new information management construct proposed to help organizations to deal with all their information resources. It promotes enterprise-wide information management. There is, however, little knowledge and understanding of ECM in the Swedish public sector. Further, how e-government developments have affected the management of information is an issue that has not been explored. Traditionally Swedish public authorities have employed records management to address the challenges of managing information. Records management has been used for the effective and systematic capture of records and the maintenance of their reliability and authenticity. While information helps with the daily running of business activities, records carry the evidentiary value of the interactions between the citizens and the municipalities. This research critically examines the interface between Enterprise Content Management (ECM) and records management as information/records management approaches. This has meant examining what the similarities and the differences between the two approaches are.  The research instrumentally used the lens of the Records Continuum Model (RCM), which promotes the management of the entire records’ continuum, a proactive approach, combines the management of archives and records and supports the pluralisation of the captured records. The research further highlights the information management challenges that the municipalities are facing as they engage in e-government developments. 

     

    Keywords: Enterprise Content Management, Records Management, E-government, Long-term Preservation, Business Process Management, Enterprise Architecture.

  • 34.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    The international community and post-war reconciliation in Africa: A case study of the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission2010Inngår i: African Journal on Conflict Resolution, ISSN 1562-6997, E-ISSN 2309-737X, Vol. 10, nr 1, s. 35-61Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The decade-long armed conflict and political unrest in Sierra Leone deeply

    affected the civilian population. Since the end of the war in 2002, the government

    of Sierra Leone and the international community have been involved in

    peacebuilding activities, national reconciliation and reconstruction. The

    reconciliatory process necessitated the setting up of a Truth and Reconciliation

    Commission (TRC) which was also a product of the Lomé Peace Agreement

    between the Government of Sierra Leone and the now defunct Revolutionary

    United Front (RUF). The international community invested US$ 4,6 million in

    the Sierra Leone TRC mission. The TRC examined the causes of the war, human

    rights violations and the role played by foreign actors. This paper analyses the

    TRC as an internationally driven process to enhance reconciliation, peace,

    development and democracy in Sierra Leone. It also evaluates the impact of

    the implementation of the recommendations of the TRC. Beyond this, it makes

    some suggestions on how the international community can better promote

    transitional justice and the peacebuilding process by supporting local initiatives

    and promoting national ownership for sustainability.

  • 35.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    The Role of Archives in enhancing Accountability and Transparency - The Case of Sierra Leone2008Inngår i: The Eastern and Southern Regional Branch of the International Council of Archives (ESARBICA)-, ISSN 0376-4753, Vol. 27, s. 20-38Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores the role of archives in the promotion of accountability and transparency in post-conflict societies by focussing on a case study of Sierra Leone. Sierra Leone was engulfed in a destructive civil war in the 1990\'s. Since the end of the war in 2002, the government of Sierra Leone and the international community have been involved in the process of peace building, national reconciliation and reconstruction. This paper argues that access to public records is a right for citizens in a democratic society in the spirit of Article 19 of the Universal Human Rights Declaration. The paper further demonstrates that the enlightenment of a society through access to information is a vital key to peace and development. The state of the Archives in Sierra Leone poses challenges for peace andreconciliation. In order to promote the democratisation of information, the national archives will need to be rehabilitated. This is important for peace building, democratic governance and the creation of an engaged civil society and a vibrant public sphere. The paper furtheraddresses the importance of archives in safeguarding the rights of the people in order to create a firm foundation for a democratic society. Information is empowerment and that is why repressive governments misinform the electorate or withhold information from it. The paper also argues that the role played by archivists in government institutions in the West is relevant to the challenges facing the proper documentation and maintenance of government archives in Africa.

  • 36.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    University of South Africa, South Africa; Södertörn University College.
    The woes of Swedish private archival institutions2017Inngår i: Records Management Journal, ISSN 0956-5698, E-ISSN 1758-7689, Vol. 27, nr 3, s. 275-285Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the long-term preservation challenges that the Swedish private archives are faced with. In as much as they offer a complement to the public archives and hence offer a nuanced national narrative, they lack both financial and human resources to effectively deal with the digital information management environment. Design/methodology/approach: Participatory Action Research (PAR) was used to identify the challenges of long-term preservation together with the six private archives institutions that were involved in the collaboration. The collaboration was financially facilitated by the Södertörn University. PAR is defined as a systematic investigation, with the collaboration of those affected by the issue being studied, for the purposes of education and taking action or effecting social change. What is distinctive of PAR is the active involvement of people whose lives are affected by the phenomenon under study. Findings: The private archival institutions face long-term preservation challenges such as lack of a digital repository that would facilitate the capture, organization and management of digital records that are of different formats and in a dispersed environment. There are no stringent legal requirements to facilitate the creation and management of the records in a standardized way and the institutions fear that imposing such requirements might deter their clients from depositing archival materials with them. The institutions will also need to espouse the business-oriented archival descriptions where private organizations are concerned to identify relevant archival materials and to promote participatory archival descriptions that would allow the creators to tag their records with metadata. Digital information requires a proactive approach, that is, planning for the long-term preservation of the information before it is created. Private archives need to invest in education packages that will facilitate their clientele’s understanding of the challenges of digital long-term preservation. Research limitations/implications: The findings cannot be generalized to all private archival institutions, as it was only six institutions that participated, but the issues discussed are relevant to most archival institutions. Practical implications: A lot of research has been carried out in the area of long-term preservation, but researchers have not paid enough attention to the woes of the private archives. To sustain a nuanced national narrative, the private archives need all the support to be able to live up to their mission of preserving archives of the private sector that are not captured by the public archival institutions. This is important in a pluralistic society such as Sweden. Highlighting the challenges might enable the institutions to work towards finding common challenges. Social implications: The private archives are part of Sweden’s national heritage. Their preservation matters to the society as a whole and to enhancing the voices of the underrepresented. Originality/value: The literature review revealed that not much research has paid attention to the challenges being faced by the private archives. This paper, therefore, contributes to this knowledge gap. 

  • 37.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Transforming public administrations and challenges of information management2011Inngår i: Archives & Manuscripts, ISSN 0157-6895, Vol. 39, nr 2, s. 96-118Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This article describes the transformation that is taking place in two publicmunicipalities and the information management challenges they are facedwith as they engage in e-government developments. In order to enhancetransparency, accountability and effective service delivery, the municipalities have invested in citizen-centric websites and hence made informationaccessible to the wider community. Municipal-level public administrations

    are slowly transforming from rigid organisations to organisations that are embracing change in order to cope with the increasing demand for quality service from citizens. They are also moving away from the ‘silo way’of doing things and promoting collaboration among the municipal units and beyond. Information and its management have become crucial to e-government developments since it is looked upon as a national resource. However, transforming public administrations is complex and threatens to disregard recordkeeping principles because of the way information systems meant to support new services are being conceptualised. The municipalities have invested in information systems to facilitate the capture and use of information, the automation of work processes and to improve efficiency.

    The ongoing e-service developments will require strong recordkeeping regimes that will sustain the open structures of governance, promote information access, protect citizenry rights and enable the municipalities to achieve their ultimate goal of effective service delivery. In the public sector, records management continues to play an indispensable role regarding

    the management of authentic, reliable and trustworthy records. However, enterprise content management (ECM) is also being promoted as a panacea to the management of the proliferating information resources. The findings and analysis in this article will be of interest to information management leaders and practitioners in local or municipal governments who are investigating new business processes and platforms for managing the growth of e-services.

  • 38.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Waste Management in Uganda2005Inngår i: News from the Nordic Africa Institute, ISSN 1403-8366, nr 3, s. 26-28Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 39.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    et al.
    Södertörn högskola; University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
    Joshi, Somya
    Stockholm university.
    Prerequisites to e-Government Development and Open Government: The Case of Three Municipalities2015Inngår i: CeDEM15 Proceedings / [ed] Peter Parycek, Noella Edelmann, 2015Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 40.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier (-2013).
    Samuelsson, Göran
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier (-2013).
    E-Government Developments and The Challenges of Managing Geodata2011Inngår i: Electronic government and electronic participation: joint proceedings of ongoing research and projects of IFIP EGOV and ePart 2011, Linz: Trauner Druck GmbH & Co KG , 2011, , s. 496s. 175-180Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    The effective management of electronic information is one of the cornerstones for an effective e-government development. Among the prominent activities in Sweden in recent years is the increasingly intense attempt to merge all information flows in a city or municipality, in attempt to create one point access for citizens. This requires a lot of work to transform the e-services that were created under stovepipe structures, into integrated, searchable e-services meant to cater for the whole organization and society. The paper argues that lack of a holistic approach to information management is likely to counteract the investments that are currently being made in e-government and therefore, hamper the effective use of information. This paper focuses on one of the main types of information, which supplies almost all other system - geodata. It also highlights the fact that long-term preservation of geodata is still an omnipresent challenge despite technological advancements and that most public organisation like the municipalities have not yet found a solution to the preservation of their geodata resources.

  • 41.
    Svärd, Proscovia
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Sundqvist, Anneli
    Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier.
    Archiving and Small Nations: An Ethical Issue of Two Post-Conflict Societies2009Inngår i: Infotrend, ISSN 1653-0225, Vol. 64, nr 1, s. 2-12Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Archiving is the key to transparency and accountability, concepts that symbolize good governance. In post-conflict societies like Sierra Leone and Liberia in West Africa, information is crucial to the reconciliation and democratisation processes. Sierra Leone and Liberia have just emerged from brutal civil wars as a result of repressive governments that have not been accountable to the people nor been transparent. The mass violation of human rights and the international humanitarian law led to the establishment of Truth and Reconciliation Commissions in both countries. The Sierra Leonean TRC mission was completed in 2004 while the Liberian one is still on-going. In Sierra Leone, investigations of the violations against the civilian population resulted into a report and the same is expected with the ongoing TRC work in Liberia. Ethically, given the fact that the contributions to the TRC findings are from a traumatised people, the recommendations of the TRC should be embraced in the formulation of social and economic policies that would address the articulated root causes of the conflict. However, preliminary results suggest that obstacles to the democratization of information in African post-conflict societies are many: corruption and weak political will, widespread poverty, illiteracy, lack of information skills, information technology, and electricity and telephone connections. This is further exacerbated by a shortage of professional personnel in handling information.

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