<year>

Year

Representation, usually numerical, of a calendar year.

Remarks

Calendar: The @calendar attribute can be used to indicate the calendar (e.g., Gregorian, Thai Buddha, or Japanese) of the given year.
Usage: In addition to being used for the year of publication, the <year> is also used to record “historical” events in the publishing cycle, for example, the year the document was accepted or last updated.
The <year> element is used as part of a description of a cited work inside a bibliographic reference (<element-citation> or <mixed-citation>) element.
When possible, the year should be expressed as a 4-digit number, for example, “1776”, “1924”, or “2015”.
Related Essay: For a discussion on the use of <year>, see Dates in Citations.

Related Elements

Within citations (<element-citation> and <mixed-citation>), this element is used to name the date of publication. The elements <year>, <date>, <day>, <month>, and <season> may all be used to describe the date a cited resource was published. Other dates inside a citation, such as a copyright date, the date on which the author accessed the resource, or a withdrawal date, should be tagged using <date-in-citation> with the @content-type attribute used to name the type of date (copyright, access-date, time-stamp, etc.).

Attributes

Content Model

<!ELEMENT  year         (#PCDATA)                                    >

Description

Text, numbers, or special characters

This element may be contained in:

Example 1

In an element-style bibliographic citation (punctuation and spacing removed):
...
<ref-list>...
<ref id="B8">
<element-citation>
<person-group>
<name><surname>Weissert</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names></name>
<name><surname>Wan</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names></name>
<name><surname>Livieratos</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names></name>
<name><surname>Katz</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names></name>
</person-group>
<article-title>Effects and costs of day-care services
for the chronically ill: a randomized experiment</article-title>
<source>Medical Care</source>
<year iso-8601-date="1980">1980</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<fpage>567</fpage>
<lpage>584</lpage>
<pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">6772889</pub-id>
</element-citation>
</ref>
...</ref-list>
...

Example 2

In a mixed-style bibliographic reference (punctuation and spacing preserved):
...
<ref-list>...
<ref id="B8">
<mixed-citation>
<string-name><surname>Weissert</surname>,
<given-names>W</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Wan</surname>,
<given-names>T</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Livieratos</surname>,
<given-names>B</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Katz</surname>,
<given-names>S</given-names></string-name>.
<article-title>Effects and costs of day-care services
for the chronically ill: a randomized experiment</article-title>.
<source>Medical Care</source>
<year iso-8601-date="1980">1980</year>;
<volume>18</volume>:
<fpage>567</fpage>&ndash;<lpage>584</lpage>.
<pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">6772889</pub-id>.
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
...</ref-list>
...
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