﻿ 科学数据库的“公器”困境—当代史视角下的BIND兴衰

科学数据库的“公器”困境—当代史视角下的BIND兴衰
Scientific Database in a Dilemma about Becoming Public Instrument—The Rise and Fall of the BIND from a Contemporary History’s Perspective

作者: 李 昂 , 孙 烈 ：中国科学院自然科学史研究所，北京;

关键词: 科学数据库BIND新范式公共知识Scientific Database BIND New Paradigm Public Knowledge

摘要:
科学数据库对学术研究的影响日益显著，其兴衰虽稍纵即逝，却是当代迅猛发展的科学技术与社会相互作用的生动写照。非营利性的生物分子相互作用数据库——BIND曾兴盛一时，却在数年后迅速衰落，免费获取的渠道最终走向并不成功的商业化之路。在此过程中，BIND既是建立学术新范式的一次尝试，也是受新兴技术如开放式科学数据库影响的结果。建立与运行大型科技类数据库并非只是学术共同体内部的一项纯粹的技术活动，政府与企业对科学数据库的态度很大程度上决定了BIND的命运。科学数据库的“公器”困境，表面上是不同科学家与政府、企业对科学数据库的不同态度，实质上反映了当代科学知识转为公共知识的社会成本。

Abstract: The influence of scientific databases to research activities is becoming more and more significant. The rise and decline of a database could be transient, but vividly reflect the interactions between society and the booming development of science and technology. The non-profit Biomolecular In-teraction Network Database (BIND) was once very prosperous but faded just in a few years. Its open access concept finally ended with an unsuccessful commercialization. In this process, BIND tried to establish a new paradigm in the scholarly world. Meanwhile, it was also a result of the affection of emerging technologies like Open Science data. Establishing and running a massive scientific database is not a pure technique activity within the scholarly community. The attitudes of gov-ernments and enterprises determined the fate of BIND to a large degree. Considering scientific da-tabase as a “public instrument” leads to a dilemma. The apparently different attitudes towards scientific database among various scientists, governments, and enterprises, in fact, reveal the social cost of the transition from scientific knowledge to public knowledge in the contemporary era.

文章引用: 李 昂 , 孙 烈 (2016) 科学数据库的“公器”困境—当代史视角下的BIND兴衰。 社会科学前沿， 5， 241-248. doi: 10.12677/ASS.2016.52035

参考文献

[1] Barraclough, G. and Kellett, N. (1964) An Introduction to Contemporary History. Watts, London, 42-46.

[2] Golinski, J. (1999) Science as Public Culture: Chemistry and Enlightenment in Britain, 1760-1820. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1-10.

[3] Gertz, M. (2010) Scientific and Statistical Database Management. 22nd International Conference, SSDBM 2010, Heidelberg, Germany, 30 June-2 July 2010. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin, 4-5.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13818-8

[4] Chia, L. and Idema, W.L. (2007) Books in Numbers: 75th An-niversary of the Harvard-Yenching Library. Harvard- Yenching Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, Distri-buted by the Chinese University Press, Hong Kong, 420.

[5] Wikipedia (2016) List of Academic Databases and Search Engines. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines&oldid=706265886

[6] Harvey, M. and McMeekin, A. (2009) Public or Private Economies of Knowledge?: Turbulence in the Biological Sciences. Edward ElgarEdward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, 1-36.

[7] Bader, G.D. (2003) Design and Use of the Biomolecular Interaction Network Database (BIND) for Storing and Analyzing Protein-Protein Interaction Data. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto, Toronto.

[8] Bader, G.D. and Hogue, C.W.V. (2000) BIND—A Data Specification for Storing and Describing Biomolecular Interactions, Molecular Complexes and Pathways. Bioinformatics, 16, 465-477.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/16.5.465

[9] Bader, G.D., Betel, D. and Hogue, C.W. (2003) BIND: The Biomolecular Interaction Network Database. Nucleic Acids Research, 31, 248-250.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkg056

[10] Kondro, W. (2005) Canadian Global Database May Move to Singapore after Loss of Funding. Science, 308, 1529- 1529.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.308.5728.1529a

[11] Hogue, C. (2005) Canadian Database in Singapore. Science, 309, 875-877.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.309.5736.875b

[12] Wang, K. (2007) The Other Side of Staying out of a BIND. Nature Biotechnology, 25, 971-972.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0907-971b

[13] Ailamaki, A. and Bowers, S. (Eds.) (2012) Scientific and Statistical Database Management. Proceedings of 24th International Conference, SSDBM 2012, Chania, 25-27 June 2012, Vol. 7338, Springer, 1-2.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31235-9

[14] Lin, Y. (2003) XML Schema of Biomolecular Interaction Network Database and an XQuery Use Case. M.S. Thesis, Iowa State University, Ames.

[15] Alfarano, C., Andrade, C. E., Anthony, K., Bahroos, N., Bajec, M., Bantoft, K., Buzadzija, K., et al. (2005) The Biomolecular Interaction Network Database and Related Tools 2005 Update. Nucleic Acids Research, 33, D418-D424.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gki051

[16] UCLA (2016) Database of Interacting Proteins. http://dip.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/dip/Stat.cgi

[17] SRI International Is an Independent, Nonprofit Corporation. LIST OF BIOCYC PATHWAY/GENOME DATABASES. http://biocyc.org/biocyc-pgdb-list.shtml

[18] Johnston, N. (2004) The BINDs That Tie. Drug Discovery, 9, 59-60.

[19] Baxevanis, A.D. (2003) The Molecular Biology Database Collection: 2003 Update. Nucleic Acids Research, 31, 1-12.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkg120

[20] (2004) Editorial. Nature Cell Biology, 6, 681.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb0804-681

[21] Walsh, M.P. (2005) Co-Funding versus Scientific Excellence. The Biochemist, 10, 45-46.

[22] Ellis, L.B. and Kalumbi, D. (1999) Financing a Future for Public Biological Data. Bioin-formatics, 15, 717-722.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/15.9.717

[23] Merali, Z. and Giles, J. (2005) Databases in Peril. Nature, 435, 1010-1011.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/4351010a

[24] Piateski, G. and Frawley, W. (1991) Knowledge Dis-covery in Databases. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.

[25] Ackoff, R.L. (1989) From Data to Wisdom. Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, 16, 3-9.

[26] French, J.C., Jones, A.K. and Pfaltz, J.L. (Eds.) (1990) Scientific Database Management: Report of the Invitational NSF Workshop on Scientific Database Management, Charlottesville, Va., March 1990: Final Report (Vol. 90, No. 21). University of Virginia, Charlottesville.

[27] Bourne, P. (2005) Will a Biological Database Be Different from a Biological Journal? PLoS Computational Biology, 1, e34.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010034

分享
Top
https://m.hanspub.org/journal/paper/17533
m.hanspub.org
crawl=CC-MAIN-2021-25
33245
application/http; msgtype=response
sha1:CEE6IOMFFA6NSDN3HVKKPZT4K3WPWTBX
<urn:uuid:90aa923a-f03f-43b6-affd-8e6094b14fde>
2021-06-14T08:15:40Z
98.126.19.91
text/html
sha1:Q3ZHH2R6TEM67QUIJUKEKEYOLJBWGDNF
<urn:uuid:5061df98-6a17-4a76-abdd-00fbab8f5bf2>
https://m.hanspub.org/journal/paper/17533
response
<urn:uuid:33cad7c0-e8ba-4df9-96f8-784e19f8bff5>
isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2021-25
publisher: Common Crawl
description: Wide crawl of the web for June 2021
operator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)
hostname: ip-10-67-67-234.ec2.internal
software: Apache Nutch 1.18 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)
robots: checked via crawler-commons 1.2-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)
format: WARC File Format 1.1
conformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/