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Sökning: LAR1:lu > Linköpings universitet

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1.
  • 1897 Mediehistorier kring Stockholmsutställningen
  • 2006
  • Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
    • Mediehistoria var länge liktydigt med historien om 1900-­talets massmedier – press, radio, teve och film. I den här boken skildras istället ett äldre medielandskap. Med utgångspunkt i Stockholms-­ utställningen 1897 beskriver författarna det utbud av gamla och nya medier som samlades på utställningen, från äldre attraktioner som camera obscura, dioramor och vaxfigurer till spektakulära nyheter som fonograf, kinematograf och röntgenbilder. Boken ger inblickar i några av det sena 1800-­talets ledande medieindust-­ rier, och diskuterar bland annat frågor om mediekonsumtion, publikpositioner och historiska medieringsvillkor. Sammantaget framträder en komplex mediekultur med förbindelser både till det förra sekelskiftets museiinstitutioner och ett äldre utbud av audiovisuella attraktioner, men också till 1900-­talets förmenta mediemodernitet och våra dagars digitala ”revolution”.De medietekniker som presenterades på Stockholmsutställning-­ en 1897 lagrade på samma gång utställningen för framtiden. Ett centralt tema är därför hur dessa medieringar blivit identiska med minnet av utställningen, och hur detta arkiv organiserats utifrån mediernas specifika egenskaper. På den dvd-­skiva som medföljer boken har ett nytt mediearkiv skapats över Stock-­ holmsutställningen 1897 och dess många länkar till en bredare mediekultur.
2.
  • Aaltonen, Kristina E., et al. (författare)
  • Association between insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) negativity and poor prognosis in a cohort of women with primary breast cancer.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - BioMed Central. - 1471-2407. ; 14
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Resistance towards endocrine therapy is a great concern in breast cancer treatment and may partly be explained by the activation of compensatory signaling pathways. The aim of the present study was to investigate if the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling pathway was activated or deregulated in breast cancer patients and to explore if any of the markers were prognostic, with or without adjuvant tamoxifen. This signaling pathway has been suggested to cause estrogen independent cell growth and thus contribute to resistance to endocrine treatment in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer.
3.
  • Aamand Grabau, Dorthe, et al. (författare)
  • The prevalence of immunohistochemically determined oestrogen receptor positivity in primary breast cancer is dependent on the choice of antibody and method of heat-induced epitope retrieval - prognostic implications?
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - Taylor & Francis. - 1651-226X. ; 52:8, s. 1657-1666
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Oestrogen receptor (ER) status is important for the choice of systemic treatment of breast cancer patients. However, most data from randomised trials on the effect of adjuvant endocrine therapy according to ER status are based on the cytosol methods. Comparisons with immunohistochemical methods have given similar results. The aim of the present study was to examine whether different ER antibodies and heat-induced epitope retrieval (HIER) methods influence the prevalence of ER-positivity in primary breast cancer. Material and methods. This study is based on patients included in a clinical trial designed to compare the effect of two years of adjuvant tamoxifen versus no adjuvant systemic treatment in premenopausal women. From 1986 to 1991, 564 patients from two study centres in Sweden were enrolled and randomised. Patients were randomised independently of ER status. In the present study, ER status was assessed on tissue microarrays with the three different ER antibody/HIER combinations: 1D5 in citrate pH 6 (n = 390), SP1 in Tris pH 9 (n = 390) and PharmDx in citrate pH 6 (n = 361). Results. At cut-offs of 1% and 10%, respectively, the prevalence of ER-positivity was higher with SP1 (75% and 72%) compared with 1D5 (68% and 66%) and PharmDx (66% and 62%). At these cut-offs, patients in the discordant groups (SP1-positive and 1D5-negative) seem to have a prognosis intermediate between those of the double-positive and double-negative groups. Comparison with the ER status determined by the cytosol-based methods in the discordant group also showed an intermediate pattern. The repeatability was good for all antibodies and cut-offs, with overall agreement ≥ 93%. Conclusion. The present study shows that the choice of antibody and HIER method influences the prevalence of ER-positivity. We suggest that this be taken into consideration when choosing a cut-off for clinical decision making.
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4.
  • Aanaes, K, et al. (författare)
  • Extensive Endoscopic Image-Guided Sinus Surgery Decreases BPI-ANCA in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - Blackwell Publishing. - 0300-9475. ; 76:6, s. 573-579
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCA) directed against bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) are common in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), and serum levels are correlated with lung colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the severity of lung damage. The production of BPI-ANCA may be due to the costimulation of BPI when mounting an immune response against P. aeruginosa. The effect of surgery aiming to eradicate bacteria and infected tissue on BPI-ANCA levels is sparsely described. A cohort of patients with CF were included: 53 patients having extensive image-guided sinus surgery (EIGSS) with topical postoperative antibiotic treatment, 131 non-operated controls and 36 who had double lung transplantation (LTX). In all 219 patients, serum samples before and after surgery or at similar intervals were analysed for IgG and IgA BPI-ANCA. The EIGSS group showed a highly significant decrease in both IgA and IgG BPI-ANCA levels compared with their own preoperative values and control group values (P andlt; 0.0010.02). The LTX patients also showed a highly significant decrease in both IgA and IgG BPI-ANCA levels (P andlt; 0.001). EIGSS and LTX decrease IgA and IgG BPI-ANCA levels in patients with CF, indicating that extensive removal of infected tissue influences the pathogenic process of autoantibody production. The results shown herein are in favour of applying EIGSS in selected patients with CF and for using BPI-ANCA as a surrogate marker for guiding further therapeutic interventions.
5.
  • Abdgawad, Mohamed, et al. (författare)
  • Decreased Neutrophil Apoptosis in Quiescent ANCA-Associated Systemic Vasculitis.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 7:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: ANCA-Associated Systemic Vasculitis (AASV) is characterized by leukocytoclasis, accumulation of unscavenged apoptotic and necrotic neutrophils in perivascular tissues. Dysregulation of neutrophil cell death may contribute directly to the pathogenesis of AASV. METHODS: Neutrophils from Healthy Blood Donors (HBD), patients with AASV most in complete remission, Polycythemia Vera (PV), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and renal transplant recipients (TP) were incubated in vitro, and the rate of spontaneous apoptosis was measured by FACS. Plasma levels of cytokines and sFAS were measured with cytometric bead array and ELISA. Expression of pro/anti-apoptotic factors, transcription factors C/EBP-α, C/EBP-β and PU.1 and inhibitors of survival/JAK2-pathway were measured by real-time-PCR. RESULTS: AASV, PV and RA neutrophils had a significantly lower rate of apoptosis compared to HBD neutrophils (AASV 50±14% vs. HBD 64±11%, p<0.0001). In RA but not in AASV and PV, low apoptosis rate correlated with increased plasma levels of GM-CSF and high mRNA levels of anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-2A1 and Mcl-1. AASV patients had normal levels of G-CSF, GM-CSF and IL-3. Both C/EBP-α, C/EBP-β were significantly higher in neutrophils from AASV patients than HBD. Levels of sFAS were significantly higher in AASV compared to HBD. CONCLUSION: Neutrophil apoptosis rates in vitro are decreased in AASV, RA and PV but mechanisms seem to differ. Increased mRNA levels of granulopoiesis-associated transcription factors and increased levels of sFAS in plasma were observed in AASV. Additional studies are required to define the mechanisms behind the decreased apoptosis rates, and possible connections with accumulation of dying neutrophils in regions of vascular lesions in AASV patients.
6.
  • Abdgawad, M., et al. (författare)
  • Elevated neutrophil membrane expression of proteinase 3 is dependent upon CD177 expression.
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - British Society for Immunology. - 0009-9104. ; 161, s. 89-97
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Summary Proteinase 3 (PR3) is a major autoantigen in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated systemic vasculitis (AASV), and the proportion of neutrophils expressing PR3 on their membrane (mPR3(+)) is increased in AASV. We have shown recently that mPR3 and CD177 are expressed on the same cells in healthy individuals. In this study we try to elucidate mechanisms behind the increased mPR3 expression in AASV and its relationship to CD177. All neutrophils in all individuals were either double-positive or double-negative for mPR3 and CD177. The proportion of double-positive neutrophils was increased significantly in AASV and systemic lupus erythematosus patients. The proportion of mPR3(+)/CD177(+) cells was not correlated to general inflammation, renal function, age, sex, drug treatment and levels of circulating PR3. AASV patients had normal levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Pro-PR3 was found to constitute 10% of circulating PR3 but none of the mPR3. We found increased mRNA levels of both PR3 and CD177 in AASV, but they did not correlate with the proportion of double-positive cells. In cells sorted based on membrane expression, CD177-mRNA was several-fold higher in mPR3(+) cells. When exogenous PR3 was added to CD177-transfected U937 cells, only CD177(+) cells bound PR3 to their membrane. In conclusion, the increased membrane expression of PR3 found in AASV is not linked directly to circulating PR3 or PR3 gene transcription, but is dependent upon CD177 expression and correlated with the transcription of the CD177 gene.
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7.
  • Abelsson, J, et al. (författare)
  • The outcome of allo-HSCT for 92 patients with myelofibrosis in the Nordic countries
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Bone Marrow Transplantation. - Nature Publishing Group. - 0268-3369. ; 47:3, s. 380-386
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Between 1982 and 2009 a total of 92 patients with myelofibrosis (MF) in chronic phase underwent allo-SCT in nine Nordic transplant centers. Myeloablative conditioning (MAC) was given to 40 patients, and reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) was used in 52 patients. The mean age in the two groups at transplantation was 46±12 and 55±8 years, respectively (P&lt;0.001). When adjustment for age differences was made, the survival of the patients treated with RIC was significantly better (P=0.003). Among the RIC patients, the survival was significantly (P=0.003) better for the patients with age &lt;60 years (a 10-year survival close to 80%) than for the older patients. The type of stem cell donor did not significantly affect the survival. No significant difference was found in TRM at 100 days between the MAC- and the RIC-treated patients. The probability of survival at 5 years was 49% for the MAC-treated patients and 59% in the RIC group (P=0.125). Patients treated with RIC experienced significantly less aGVHD compared with patients treated with MAC (P&lt;0.001). The OS at 5 years was 70, 59 and 41% for patients with Lille score 0, 1 and 2, respectively (P=0.038, when age adjustment was made). Twenty-one percent of the patients in the RIC group were given donor lymphocyte infusion because of incomplete donor chimerism, compared with none of the MAC-treated patients (P&lt;0.002). Nine percent of the patients needed a second transplant because of graft failure, progressive disease or transformation to AML, with no significant difference between the groups. Our conclusions are (1) allo-SCT performed with RIC gives a better survival compared with MAC. (2) age over 60 years is strongly related to a worse outcome and (3) patients with higher Lille score had a shorter survival.Bone Marrow Transplantation advance online publication, 9 May 2011; doi:10.1038/bmt.2011.91.
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8.
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9.
  • Achu Nges, Ivo, et al. (författare)
  • Stable operation during pilot-scale anaerobic digestion of nutrient-supplemented maize/sugar beet silage.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Bioresource Technology. - Elsevier. - 1873-2976. ; 118C, s. 445-454
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Biogas production from maize/sugar beet silage was studied under mesophilic conditions in a continuous stirred tank reactor pilot-scale process. While energy crop mono-digestion is often performed with very long hydraulic retention times (HRTs), the present study demonstrated an efficient process operating with a 50-day HRT and a corrected total solids (TS(corr)) based organic loading rate of 3.4kg/m(3)d. The good performance was attributed to supplementation with both macro- and micronutrients and was evidenced by good methane yields (318m(3)/tonTS(corr)), which were comparable to laboratory maximum expected yields, plus low total volatile fatty acid concentrations (<0.8g/L). A viscoplastic and thixotropic digester fluid behaviour was observed, and the viscosity problems common in crop mono-digestion were not seen in this study. The effluent also complied with Swedish certification standards for bio-fertilizer for farmland application. Nutrient addition thus rendered a stable biogas process, while the effluent was a good quality bio-fertilizer.
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10.
  • Adelswärd, Viveka, 1942-, et al. (författare)
  • Virtual talk as a communicative resource. Explorations in the field of gene technology
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Sprachtheorie und Germanistische Linguistik. - 1218-5736. ; 12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
    • In face-to-face conversation, participants often give the floor, or the voice, to non-present participants - virtual participants. These are made present in the conversation by actual speakers quoting them, voicing them or referring to their opinions. In this paper, we examine instances of such virtual talk. Data are drawn from focus group discussions and public meetings about genetically modified food. Our analyses demonstrate some of the dynamics inherent in the interaction between the speaker, the present participants and one or more virtual participants. We focus on the specific functions of virtual talk, suggesting that it is a communicative resource that can be used to solve a number of different communicative tasks.
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