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Open access in Horizon 2020 and in the ERA Daniel Spichtinger DG Research & Innovation, European Commission LERU Chief Information Officers Community.

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Presentation on theme: "Open access in Horizon 2020 and in the ERA Daniel Spichtinger DG Research & Innovation, European Commission LERU Chief Information Officers Community."— Presentation transcript:

1 Open access in Horizon 2020 and in the ERA Daniel Spichtinger DG Research & Innovation, European Commission LERU Chief Information Officers Community Annual Meeting ● 31 March 2014 Haldane Room, University College London

2 Content 1. What is open access
2. Open Access Policy: The ERA and the Communication/Recommendation on scientific information 3. Open Access in FP7 4. Open Access in Horizon 2020 5. The international landscape 6. Upcoming challenges and conclusions

3 What do we understand by OA?
OA = online access at no charge to the user to peer-reviewed scientific publications to research data Two main OA publishing business models Self-archiving: deposit of manuscripts & immediate/delayed OA provided by author ("Green OA") OA publishing: costs covered & immediate OA provided by publisher ("Gold OA") e.g. 'Author-pay' model (APC) and others, e.g. sponsorship What OA is NOT Not an obligation to publish Not at odds with patenting OA publications go the same peer review process

4 Dissemination and exploitation

5 The European Commission is a...
Policy maker It proposes EU legislation & legislates with other EU institutions It invites Member States to act Funding agency It sets its own access and dissemination rules for EC-funded research Capacity builder It funds projects that support EC/EU policy

6 Why open access? The Commission wants to optimise the impact of publicly-funded scientific research One way to get there: open access Expected benefits: Better and more efficient science  Science 2.0 Economic growth  Innovation Union Broader, faster, more transparent and equal access for the benefit of researchers, industry and citizens  Responsible Research and Innovation … in the European Research Area and beyond

7 Two Commissioners on open access
Vice-President Neelie Kroes Digital Agenda Digital single market/Digital agenda Commissioner Máire Geoghegan-Quinn Research & Innovation Horizon 2020 European Research Area (ERA) & Innovation Union

8 Three key documents ( ) Communication 'A reinforced European Research Area partnership for excellence and growth' Communication 'Towards better access to scientific information: boosting the benefits of public investments in research' Recommendation on access to and preservation of scientific information

9 Communication 'ERA' The ERA is based on the internal market in which researchers, scientific knowledge and technology circulate freely Five priority areas: More effective national research systems Optimal transnational cooperation and competition An open labour market for researchers Gender equality and gender mainstreaming in research Optimal circulation, access to and transfer of scientific knowledge Joint statement by stakeholders organisations Formal commitments and activities on open access by: EARTO, NordForsk, Science Europe, LERU, EUA and CESAER

10 Communication 'ERA' MS are invited to coordinate their policies on access to and preservation of scientific information  Recommendation on access to and preservation of scientific information (C(2012)4890). SHO are invited to adopt and implement open access measures for publications and data resulting from publicly funded research  Signed Memorandum of Understanding with LERU, EARTO, EUA, NORDFORSK and Unilateral Statement by Science Europe The Commission "will adopt establish open access to scientific publications as a general principle for all EU funded research projects in Horizon For research data the EC will develop a flexible approach that takes into account different scientific areas and business related interests". "The Commission will continue to fund projects related to open access."  Communication 'Towards better access to scientific information', COM(2012)401

11 Communication 'Towards better access to scientific information'
Why does better access matter for Europe? The Commission's vision Where do we stand? Access to publication and data, preservation, international context What are the barriers to change? Transition to OA to publications, the case of data, long-term preservation Action at European level What has the Commission done so far, what are the next steps (Horizon 2020)

12 Recommendation to Member States
Member States to define policies for and implement: OA to publications OA to research data Preservation and re-use of scientific information E-infrastructures Consistency between H2020 policy and MS policy Structured co-ordination of MS (National Points of Reference) at EU-level and reporting

13 Open access in the ERA (2013)
Member States (MS) ERA Progress Report (2013): progress among MS "gradual yet visible" (legal and administrative) but efforts need to continue. For interaction with the EC and among each other MS have nominated a national Point of Reference (NPR) First meeting of NPRs held in 2013 Commissioner Geoghegan-Quinn participated in a Competitiveness Council debate on open access Interest from ERAC – taskforce on "open access and innovation" Stakeholder Organisations (SHO) Significant interest in the subject, have organised a variety of events, many of them with Commission (e.g. LERU Conference of 2012, Nordforsk Open Data Workshop, COST workshop, a the Science Europe ERA Europe High Level Workshop). Open access also a point for discussion in the ERA High Level Stakeholder Platform and the associated doers network. ERA Progress Report (2013): Significant number of Research Funders and Research Performing Organisations support OA on the national level

14 Open access in FP7 OA publishing costs are eligible in FP7
Since the beginning of FP7, for all projects Limited to duration of project OA Pilot in FP7 Best effort basis 7 areas (>1500 projects to date) 20% of total FP7 budget ( ) 6/12-month embargo OpenAIRE EU-funded portal giving access to repositories across Europe (implements FP7 Pilot) publications, OA, still under embargo

15 FP7 coordination and support actions
PASTEUR4OA (Open Access Policy Alignment Strategies for European Union Research) NEW 2014 FOSTER (Foster Open Science Training for European Research) NEW 2014 RECODE - (Policy Recommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe) SERSCIDA - (Support for Establishment of National/Regional Social Sciences Data Archives) MEDOANET - (Mediterranean Open Access Network) SISOB - (An Observatorium for Science in Society based in Social Models) ACUMEN - (Academic Careers Understood through Measurement and Norms)

16 OA in Horizon 2020: where to look
Regulation establishing Horizon 2020 (article 18) Specific Programme (preamble 1.3) Rules for Participation (article 43) Work Programme (Introduction 1.5 and relevant areas) Model Grant Agreement (articles 6.2.D.3, 29.2 and 29.3) Annotated Model Grant Agreement (reference to Guidelines below) Guidelines on Open Access to Scientific Publications and Research Data in Horizon 2020 Guidelines on Data Management in Horizon 2020 Source for all documents: Participant Portal (reference documents) ml

17 Open access in Horizon 2020 Regulation establishing Horizon 2020
"To increase the circulation and exploitation of knowledge, open access to scientific publications should be ensured. Furthermore, open access to research data resulting from publicly funded research under Horizon should be promoted, taking into account constraints pertaining to privacy, national security and intellectual property rights" Open access to scientific publications resulting from publicly funded research under Horizon 2020 shall be ensured [...]. Open access to research data resulting from publicly funded research under Horizon 2020 shall be promoted. [...]. A lengthy process of agreement between all parties!

18 From FP7 to H2020: OA to publications from pilot to underlying principle
Green open access pilot in 7 areas of FP7 with 'best effort' stipulation Allowed embargoes: 6/12 months Gold open access costs eligible for reimbursement as part of the project budget while the project runs Horizon 2020 Obligation to provide OA, either through the Green or Gold way in all areas Allowed embargoes: 6/12 months Gold open access costs eligible for reimbursement as part of the project budget while the project runs & post-grant support being piloted Authors encouraged to retain copyright and grant licences instead

19 OA to publications mandate in H2020
Each beneficiary must ensure OA to all peer-reviewed scientific publications relating to its results: Deposit a machine-readable copy of the published version or final peer-reviewed manuscript accepted for publication in a repository of the researchers choice (possibly OpenAIRE compliant) Ensure OA on publication or at the latest within 6/12 months Ensure OA to the bibliographic metadata that identify the deposited publication, via the repository Aim to deposit at the same time the research data needed to validate the results ("underlying data")

20 From FP7 to H2020: OA to research data
Horizon 2020 A limited pilot, covering selected areas of Horizon 2020 Targeted primarily towards data underlying publications (other data as specified in DMP) Opt outs are possible for IPR, confidentiality/privacy and security reason as well as if OA runs against the main objective of the project Voluntary opt ins (in areas not covered by the pilot) are possible on an individual project basis. a Data Management Plan is obligatory for projects participating in the pilot (optional for others) FP7 No action (ERC guidelines)

21 H2020: Call in 2014/15 SWAFS Work Programme
GARRI Scientific information in the digital age: text and data mining (TDM) Study TDM in the modern research environment GARRI Innovative approach to release and disseminate research results and measure their impact Need to examine the situation from A to Z How peer-review develops outside of traditional methods How indicators and bibliometrics are adequate Support and promotion actions

22 The international landscape
Study to measure the growth of OA Focus on ERA, Brazil, Canada, Japan and USA Emergence of OA with a dominance of 'Green' and 'hybrid' OA to publications / Joint initiatives / slow progress of OA to data Global proportion higher than previously assumed: Around 50% of OA scientific papers published in 2011 More than 40% of OA scientific papers published from OA availability varies among disciplines: 'tipping point' passed in Biology, Biomedical Research, Mathematics & Statistics and in General Science & Technology. Least open access in SSH, applied sciences, engineering and technology Overall OA citation advantage occurs in all but four disciplines The majority of 48 major science funders considers both Gold and Green OA acceptable. More than 75% accepted embargo periods of 6-12 months Policies for OA to data not as well developed but increasing

23 The international landscape
Global Research Council G8 Science UNESCO 'Berlin' conferences on OA Etc.

24 Some milestones 2006 EC-funded Study on the scientific publication market in Europe 2007 EC Communication on scientific information Council Conclusions on scientific information in the digital age FP7 (OA publishing costs/Gold OA) 2008 Open Access Pilot in FP7 2009 OpenAire platform launched to give EU-wide access to publications (and since Dec. 2011: research data) EC Communication on ICT infrastructures for e-Science 2012 Surveys: OA in FP7, State of play in Member States EC Communication on ERA Scientific information package: EC Communication and Recommendation on scientific information 2013 Public hearing on open research data Open access in Horizon 2020 Open access in the ERA

25 New developments Open access in the context of a changing scientific system ("Science 2.0") Data intensive science Alternative metrics – researcher career evaluation Citizen science – new actors Publishing activities: new comers, new business models, new peer review models, new services...

26 In summary… Open access as a means to improve knowledge circulation and provide value for the taxpayers' money Horizon 2020 ambitious yet pragmatic on aspects of open access Both Green and Gold open access measures are promoted  Not all countries are the same  Transition period Support from/for H2020: work programmes e-Infrastructure & Science with and for Society Open access must be effective, affordable, competitive and sustainable for researchers and innovative businesses

27 We welcome your input Contacts DG RTD Links Twitter: @OpenAccessEC
Daniel SPICHTINGER (Unit A6, DG RTD) Monica TARAZONA RUA(Unit A6, DG RTD) Links EC OA website European Research Area (ERA) Innovation Union Study to measure growth of OA H2020 guidance We welcome your input Twitter: @OpenAccessEC


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