National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 2020 Advancing Open Science practices

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National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2020) Advancing Open Science practices: stakeholder perspectives on incentives and disincentives. The National Academies Press, Washington DC https://doi.org/10.17226/25725.

» Open Access

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2020) The National Academies Press, Washington DC

Abstract: Open science “aims to ensure the free availability and usability of scholarly publications, the data that result from scholarly research, and the methodologies, including code or algorithms that were used to generate those data."1 The actual and potential benefits of open science include strengthened rigor and reliability, the ability to address new questions, faster and more inclusive dissemination of knowledge, broader participation in research, effective use of resources, improved performance of research tasks, and open publication for public benefit.2

Yet, achieving open science will require overcoming several significant barriers. For example, the structure of the scholarly publications market limits open access to articles. Other barriers include the cost and accessibility of open infrastructure and researcher incentives. In addition, access to some types of research data may continue to be restricted due to privacy, proprietary, or national security concerns. As one effort to increase the contributions of open science among many, the Board on Research Data and Information (BRDI) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies) established the Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Science (see Box 1). On September 20, 2019, the Roundtable organized a public symposium in Washington, DC, to consider some of the barriers and challenges to open science, as well as ways to overcome them. Key external stakeholders—including researchers, librarians, learned societies, publishers and infrastructure developers—shared their insights on the current state of the research ecosystem, as well as their visions for how open science can function at scale.

To open the symposium, Keith Yamamoto, Roundtable co-chair, noted the goals of open science to develop the best science, democratize information, and make discoveries and outcomes accessible to all. “We are far from these ideals,” he acknowledged, given the current system of hiring, funding, and promoting individual scientists. The Roundtable convened the symposium to listen to a broad range of stakeholders who, he said, “are not just talking about open science but are really working within their own contexts to make it the norm.” It is expected that these inputs will help the Roundtable further define immediate and longer term priorities.

Bioblast editor: Gnaiger E

Comment: Preprints

Gnaiger E 2020-03-03
Although the topic of Open Access publication has been well covered, the term 'Preprint' is mentioned only once in the entire publication, in the context of Open Access to posters at meetings of the American Geophysical Union (AGU): "Access is not open to non-attendees and even attendees have limited access. AGU has developed a preprint service that archives posters" (p 6). The concept of Preprint publication, however, plays a central role in Open Science [1].
[1] Gnaiger E (2019) Editorial: A vision on preprints for mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. MitoFit Preprint Arch doi:10.26124/mitofit:190002.v2. - »Bioblast link«


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