图书情报知识 ›› 2015, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 26-34.doi: 10.13366/j.dik.2015.04.026

• 博士论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国古代国家修书活动控制史论

蒋永福   

  • 出版日期:2015-07-10 发布日期:2015-07-10

Discussions on History of National Compiling Books Activities Control in Ancient China

  • Online:2015-07-10 Published:2015-07-10

摘要：

中国古代对国家修书活动的控制，包括组织控制和内容控制两大方面。其中组织控制的表现大体有：设史馆有组织地修书，此为机构保障表现；严明修书程序，此为过程保障表现；宰相监修和奖掖编修人员，此为人员保障表现；严惩违逆等失职行为，此为行政监察保障表现。内容控制的表现主要有：严格控制修书的政治方向，此为方向控制的表现；以经史子集顺序安排内容次序，此为体例控制的表现；以天人合一观安排内容架构，此为结构控制的表现；以褒善贬恶的手法“书写历史”，此为义理控制的表现。中国古代对国家修书活动的控制，既有“良性控制”表现，也有“恶性控制”表现。无论是“良性控制”表现还是“恶性控制”表现，都对现今社会的文献控制活动具有不可忽视的“以史为镜”的借鉴意义。

关键词: 国家修书活动, 组织控制, 内容控制, 文献控制, 中国古代

Abstract:

National compiling books activities control in Ancient China includes organizational control and content control. Organizational control mainly includes institutions, process, staff and administrative supervision guarantee. Institutions guarantee shows that national archives were established to compile books organizationally. Process guarantee shows that the process of compiling books is strictly controlled. Staff guarantee shows that compiling books is supervised by prime ministers and editing staffs get incentives. Administrative supervision guarantee shows that people are punished due to the dereliction of duty such as disobeying. Content control mainly includes direction, style, structure and argumentative philosophical control. Direction control shows that the political direction of compiling books is strictly controlled. Style control shows that the content sequence is ordered according to the Confucian classics, history, philosophy and literature. Structure control shows that the structures are arranged according to the theory that man is an integral part of nature. Argumentative philosophical control shows that history is written by glorifying virtue and censuring vice. Chinese ancient national compiling books activities control has performance of both “good control” and “bad control”，which have a significant reference taking history as a mirror for the Documentation control activities in the modern society.

Key words: National compiling books activities, Organizational control, Content control, Documentation control, Ancient China
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