Founding of the New York Public Library 

2000 10¢ Lion Statue, non-denominational, coil
US #3447 – The library’s two lion statues are named Patience and Fortitude.

On May 23, 1895, the New York Public Library was established. Exactly 16 years later, on May 23, 1911, the main branch of the library opened its doors to the public.

At the suggestion of friend and librarian Joseph Cogswell, businessman John Jacob Astor included a donation of $400,000 in his will to be used to start a public library. After his death in 1848, a board of trustees founded the Astor Library, which opened in the East Village of New York City in 1854.

2000 10¢ Lion Statue, non-denominational, coil
US #3769 is a water-activated gum version of the self-adhesive stamp above.

The resulting library was a free reference library, in which books were not allowed to be checked out. By 1872, The New York Times described the Astor library as a “major reference and research resource,” but “Popular it certainly is not, and, so greatly is it lacking in the essentials of a public library, that its stores might almost as well be under lock and key, for any access the masses of the people can get thereto.”

1952 3¢ Gutenberg Bible
US #1014 – Lenox’s Gutenberg bible was the first copy brought to the Americas in 1847. Lenox also reportedly requested that the customs workers remove their hats out of respect for the book.
1972 14¢ Fiorello H. LaGuardia
US #1397 – As mayor, LaGuardia nicknamed the lion statues Patience and Fortitude as these were qualities he felt people needed during the Depression.

Two years earlier, the Lenox Library had been incorporated. Founded by philanthropist James Lenox, it housed a large collection of American history, art, manuscripts, and rare books, including the first Gutenberg Bible in America. However, the Lenox Library charged admission and didn’t allow people to check out books either.

A major stepping-stone came in 1886, when the former governor of New York, Samuel J. Tilden died and left the majority of his fortune – about $2.4 million – to “establish and maintain a free library and reading room in the city of New York.” The funds sat unused for several years until two trustees had the idea to merge the Astor and Lenox libraries. Both libraries were struggling at the time, and though the city had several libraries, most were privately funded and charged admission and usage fees.

2000 10¢ Lion Statue Colorano Silk Cachet Combination First Day Cover
US #3447 – Colorano Silk Cachet Combination First Day Cover
1960 4¢ Andrew Carnegie
US #1171 – Of his donation, Carnegie said, “Sixty-five libraries at one stroke probably breaks the record, but this is the day of big operations, and New York is soon to be the biggest of Cities.”

The two trustees got the owners of both libraries to agree to the idea and on May 23, 1895, created the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations. In 1901, Andrew Carnegie agreed to donate $5.2 million to help pay for the construction of 65 branches throughout New York City. Among these would be the central main branch, located on Fifth Avenue. The cornerstone was laid in May 1902 and in 1910, 75 miles of shelves were installed. It then took a year to move all the books from the Astor and Lenox libraries.

1982 20¢ America's Libraries
US #2015 – In 2008, the main branch building was renamed in honor Steven A. Schwarzman in recognition of his $100 million donation to the library system.

The main branch opened on May 23, 1911, exactly 16 years after the library had been founded. President William Howard Taft presided over the dedication ceremony, which was attended by 50,000 people. The library contained over 1 million books and was the largest marble building up to that time. Its main reading room was also the largest at the time. In 1965, the building was declared a National Historic Landmark. In the 1980s, the library’s collection had grown so large, the building was expanded by 125,000 square feet with new facilities below Bryant Park.

Today, the New York Public Library is the second largest public library in the country (behind the Library of Congress) and the fourth largest in the world. It houses 53 million items across 92 locations. In addition to books, manuscripts, pictures, maps, film, microfilm, braille books and recordings, the library also offers lectures, concerts, movies, discussions, and children’s story hours.

Maldives, NY Public Library, S/S
Item #M7157 pictures the New York Public Library.
FREE printable This Day in History album pages
Download a PDF of today’s article.
Get a binder or other supplies to create your This Day in History album.

Discover what else happened on This Day in History.

Did you like this article? Click here to rate:

[Total: 67 Average: 4.8]

Share this article

1 responses to "Founding of the New York Public Library "

1 thought on “Founding of the New York Public Library ”

  1. Fascinating article. I did not know that the NY Public library was the second largest library in the country behind the LOC. My neighborhood of Bay Ridge Brooklyn has the Fort Hamilton Branch which was funded by the monies donated by Andrew Carnegie. It opened about 1906.

    Reply

Leave a Comment

Love history?

Discover events in American history – plus the stamps that make them come alive.

Subscribe to get This Day in History stories straight to your inbox every day!
https://info.mysticstamp.com/founding-of-the-new-york-public-library_tdih/
info.mysticstamp.com
CC-MAIN-2023-23
82755
application/http; msgtype=response
sha1:MMG6CC7MGSXWM6JICIWGAOCJ5CXJX3YV
<urn:uuid:0788b635-426c-445c-a59f-a2c78c789cfa>
2023-06-05T09:36:02Z
162.159.135.42
text/html
sha1:BZKRUINJ5SPFRZ7P32RSKDON3UPDI76H
<urn:uuid:abafa371-a705-4e62-bc2f-b9fc1d295263>
https://info.mysticstamp.com/founding-of-the-new-york-public-library_tdih/
response
<urn:uuid:ca6a85f9-2108-484e-b69d-407dacc8c695>
isPartOf: CC-MAIN-2023-23
publisher: Common Crawl
description: Wide crawl of the web for May/June 2023
operator: Common Crawl Admin (info@commoncrawl.org)
hostname: ip-10-67-67-229
software: Apache Nutch 1.19 (modified, https://github.com/commoncrawl/nutch/)
robots: checked via crawler-commons 1.4-SNAPSHOT (https://github.com/crawler-commons/crawler-commons)
format: WARC File Format 1.1
conformsTo: https://iipc.github.io/warc-specifications/specifications/warc-format/warc-1.1/