How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:


PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteDownload the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
[1]
Cassou C. Intraseasonal interaction between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Nature 2008;455:523–7.
A journal article with 2 authors
[1]
Person AL, Raman IM. Purkinje neuron synchrony elicits time-locked spiking in the cerebellar nuclei. Nature 2011;481:502–5.
A journal article with 3 authors
[1]
Camilleri E, Rohde PP, Twamley J. Quantum walks with tuneable self-avoidance in one dimension. Sci Rep 2014;4:4791.
A journal article with 7 or more authors
[1]
Krekelberg B, Dannenberg S, Hoffmann K-P, Bremmer F, Ross J. Neural correlates of implied motion. Nature 2003;424:674–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
[1]
Woolf G. Tales of the Barbarians. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.
An edited book
[1]
Richardson I, Runeson P, Messnarz R, editors. Software Process Improvement: 13th European Conference, EuroSPI 2006, Joensuu, Finland, October 11-13, 2006. Proceedings. vol. 4257. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.
A chapter in an edited book
[1]
Ruggeri T, Sugiyama M. RET 14-Field Theory of Polyatomic Gas and Dense Gas. In: Sugiyama M, editor. Rational Extended Thermodynamics beyond the Monatomic Gas, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 109–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia.

Blog post
[1]
Taub B. Was The Indus Valley Civilization Really A Non-Violent, Egalitarian Utopia? IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/indus-valley-civilization-really-non-violent-egalitarian-utopia/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
[1]
Government Accountability Office. Improving the Acquisition of Computer Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
[1]
Campos-Doerfler L. The Role of Sgs1 and Exo1 in the Maintenance of Genome Stability. Doctoral dissertation. University of South Florida, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
[1]
Wagner J. Syndergaard Has to Take Mets’ Offer. New York Times 2017:D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal titleJournal of Clinical Anesthesia
AbbreviationJ. Clin. Anesth.
ISSN (print)0952-8180
ScopeAnesthesiology and Pain Medicine

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