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Chap15 scr

  1. 1. Indian TEX Users Group : http://www.river-valley.com/tug The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles 15 Creating a biblio . . . Title Page A On-line Tutorial on LTEX The Tutorial Team Indian TEX Users Group,  Buildings, Cotton Hills Trivandrum 695014,  2000 Prof. (Dr.) K. S. S. Nambooripad, Director, Center for Mathematical Sciences, Trivandrum, (Editor); Dr. E. Krishnan, Reader in Mathematics, University College, Trivandrum; Mohit Agarwal, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore; T. Rishi, Focal Image (India) Pvt. Ltd., Trivandrum; L. A. Ajith, Focal Image (India) Pvt. Ltd., Trivandrum; A. M. Shan, Focal Image (India) Pvt. Ltd., Trivandrum; C. V. Radhakrishnan, River Valley Technologies, Software Technology Park, Trivandrum constitute the Tutorial team A A This document is generated from LTEX sources compiled with pdfLTEX v. 14e in an INTEL Pentium III 700 MHz system running Linux kernel version 2.2.14-12. The packages used are hyperref.sty and pdfscreen.sty A c 2000, Indian TEX Users Group. This document may be distributed under the terms of the LTEX A Project Public License, as described in lppl.txt in the base LTEX distribution, either version 1.0 or, at your option, any later version Page 1 of 10 Go Back Full Screen Close Quit
  2. 2. 15 Bibliographic Databases The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles Bibliographic Database is a database where all the useful bibliographic entries can be stored. The information about the various publications is stored in one or more ﬁles with the extension .bib. For each publication there is a key that identiﬁes it, and which may be used in the text document to refer to it. And this is available for all documents with a list of reference in the ﬁeld. This database is useful for the authors/researchers who are constantly referring to the same publications in most of their works. This database system is possible with the BTEX A program supplied with the LTEX package. 15.1. Creating a biblio . . . Title Page The BTEX program Page 2 of 10 A A BTEX is an auxiliary program to LTEX that automatically constructs a bibliography for LTEX A X input document form one or more databases. To use BTEX, you must include in your LTE ﬁle a bibliography command whose argument speciﬁes one or more ﬁles that contain the database. For example Go Back Full Screen bibliography{database1,database2} Close The above command speciﬁes that the bibliographic entries are obtained from database1.bib A and database2.bib. To use BTEX, your LTEX input ﬁle must contain a bibliographystyle Quit
  3. 3. command. This command speciﬁes the bibliography style, which determines the format of the source list. For example, the command bibliographystyle{plain} The BTEX program speciﬁes that entries should be formatted as speciﬁed by the plain bibliography style (plain.bst). We can put bibliographystyle command anywhere in the document after the begin{document} command. BTEX Style ﬁles Creating a biblio . . . Title Page 15.2. BTEX Style ﬁles plain Standard BTEX style. Entries sorted alphabetically with numeric labels. unsrt Standard BTEX style. Similar to plain, but entries are printed in order of citation, rather than sorted. Numeric labels are used. Page 3 of 10 alpha Standard BTEX style. Similar to plain, but the labels of the entries are formed from the author’s name and the year of publication. Go Back abbrv Standard BTEX style. Similar to plain, but entries are more compact, since ﬁrst names, month, and journal names are abbreviated. Full Screen acm Alternative BTEX style, used for the journals of the Association for Computing Machinery. It has the author name (surname and ﬁrst name) in small caps, and numbers as labels. Close Quit
  4. 4. apalike Alternative BTEX style, used by the journals of the American Psychology A Association. It should be used together with the LTEX apalike package. The bibliography entries are formatted alphabetically, last name ﬁrst, each entry having a hanging indentation and no label. Examples of some other style ﬁles are: The BTEX program abbrv.bst, abstract.bst, acm.bst, agsm.bst, alpha.bst, amsalpha.bst, authordatei.bst, authordate1-4.sty, bbs.bst, cbe.bst, cell.bst, dcu.bst, harvard.sty, ieeetr.bst, jtb.bst, kluwer.bst, named.bst, named.sty, natbib.sty, natbib.bst, nature.sty, nature.bst, phcpc.bst, phiaea.bst, phjcp.bst, phrmp.bst plainyr.bst, siam.bst BTEX Style ﬁles Creating a biblio . . . Title Page Various organisations or individuals have developed style ﬁles that correspond to the house style of particular journals or editing houses. We can also customise a bibliography style, by making small changes to any of the .bst ﬁle, or else generate our own using the makebst program. 15.2.1. A Steps for running BTEX with LTEX A (1) Run LTEX, which generates a list of cite references in its auxiliary ﬁle, .aux. (2) Run BTEX, which reads the auxiliary ﬁle, looks up the references in a database (one or more .bib ﬁles, and then writes a ﬁle (the .bbl ﬁle) containing the formatted references according to the format speciﬁed in the style ﬁle (the .bst ﬁle). Warning and error messages are written to the log ﬁle (the .blg ﬁle). It should be noted that BTEX never reads A the original LTEX source ﬁle. A X again, which now reads the .bbl reference ﬁle. (3) Run LTE A (4) Run LTEX a third time, resolving all references Occasionally the bibliography is to include publications that were not referenced in the text. These may be added with the command Page 4 of 10 Go Back Full Screen Close Quit
  5. 5. nocite{key} given anywhere within the main document. It produces no text at all but simply informs BTEX that this reference is also to be put into the bibliography. With nocite{*}, every entry in all the databases will be included, something that is useful when producing a list of all entries and their keys. The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles A After running BTEX to make up the .bbl ﬁle, it is necessary to process LTEX at least twice to establish both the bibliography and the in-text reference labels. The bibliography will be printed where the bibliography command is issued; it in ifact inputs the .bbl ﬁle. Creating a biblio . . . Title Page 15.3. Creating a bibliographic database Though bibliographic database creation demands more work than typing up a list of references with the thebibliography environment; it has a great advantage that, the entries need to be included in the database only once and are then available for all future publications even if a diﬀerent bibliography style is demanded in later works, all the information is already on hand in the database for BTEX to write a new thebibliography environment in another format. Given below is a specimen of an entry in bibliographic database: Page 5 of 10 Go Back @BOOK{knuth:86a, AUTHOR TITLE EDITION PUBLISHER ADDRESS YEAR ="Donald E. Knuth", ={The TeX{}book}, ="third" ="Addison-Wesley", ={Reading, MA}, =1986 } Full Screen Close Quit
  6. 6. The ﬁrst word, preﬁxed @, determines the entry type. The entry type is followed by the reference information for that entry enclosed in curly braces { }. The very ﬁrst entry is the key for the whole reference by which it is referred to in the cite command. In the above example it is knuth:86a. The actual reference information is then entered in various ﬁelds, separated from one another by commas. Each ﬁeld consists of a ﬁeld name, an = sign, with optional spaces on either side, and the ﬁeld text. The ﬁeld names shows above are AUTHOR, TITLE, PUBLISHER, ADDRESS, and YEAR. The ﬁeld text must be enclosed either in curly braces or in double quotation marks. However, if the text consists solely of a number, as for YEAR above, the braces or quotation marks may be left oﬀ. For each entry type, certain ﬁelds are required, others are optional, and the rest are ignored. These are listed with the description of the various entry types below. If a required ﬁeld is omitted, an error message will occur during the BTEX run. Optional ﬁelds will have their information included in the bibliography if they are present, but they need not be there. Ignored ﬁelds are useful for including extra information in the database that will not be output, such as comment or an abstract of the paper. Ignored ﬁelds might also be ones that are used by other database programs. The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles Creating a biblio . . . Title Page The general syntax for entries in the bibliographic database reads @entry_type{key, field_name = {field text}, .... field_name = {field text} } The names of the entry types as well as the ﬁeld names may be written in capitals or lower case letters, or in a combination of both. Thus @BOOK, @book, and @bOOk are all acceptable variations. The outermost pair of braces for the entire entry may be either curly braces { }, as illustrated, or parentheses ( ). In the latter case, the general syntax reads @entry_type(key, ... ..) Page 6 of 10 Go Back Full Screen Close Quit
  7. 7. However, the ﬁeld text may only be enclosed within curly braces {...} or double quotation marks ”...” as shown in the example above. The following is a list of the standard entry types in alphabetical order, with a brief description of the types of works for which they are applicable, together with the required and optional ﬁelds that they take. Entry for an article from a journal or magazine required ﬁelds author, title, journal year. optional ﬁelds volume, number, pages, month, note @article Entry for a book with a deﬁnite publisher. required ﬁelds author or editor, title, publisher, year optional ﬁelds volume or number, series, address, edition, month, note @book The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles Creating a biblio . . . Title Page Entry for a printed and bound work without the name of a publisher or sponsoring organisation required ﬁelds title optional ﬁelds author, howpublished, address, month, year, note @booklet Page 7 of 10 Entry for an article in conference proceedings required ﬁelds author, title, booktitle, year optional ﬁelds editor, volume or number, series, pages, address, month, organisation, publisher, note @conference Entry for a part (chapter, section, certain pages) of a book required ﬁelds author or editor, title, chapter and/or pages, publisher, year optional ﬁelds volume or number, series, type, address, edition, month, note @inbook Go Back Full Screen Close Quit
  8. 8. @incollection required ﬁelds optional ﬁelds @inproceedings required ﬁelds optional ﬁelds Entry for part of a book that has its own title author, title, booktitle, publisher, year editor, volume or number, series, type, chapter, pages, address, edition, month, note Entry for an article in conference proceedings author, title, booktitle, year editor, volume or number, series, pages, address, month, organisation, publisher, note Entry for technical documentation required ﬁelds title optional ﬁelds author, organisation, address, edition, month, year, note. The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles Creating a biblio . . . @manual @masterthesis required ﬁelds optional ﬁelds Title Page Entry for a Master’s thesis author, title, school, year type, address, month, note Entry for a work that does not ﬁt under any of the others required ﬁelds none optional ﬁelds author, title, howpublished, month, year, note @misc Page 8 of 10 Go Back Entry for a PhD thesis required ﬁelds author, title, school, year optional ﬁelds type, address, month, note @phdthesis @proceedings required ﬁelds optional ﬁelds Entry for conference proceedings title, year editor, volume or number, series, address, month, organisation, publisher, note Full Screen Close Quit
  9. 9. @unpublished required ﬁelds optional ﬁelds 15.3.1. Entry for an unpublished work with an author and title author, title, note month, year A Example of a LTEX ﬁle (sample.tex) using bibliographical database (bsample.bib) The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles Creating a biblio . . . documentclass{article} pagestyle{empty} begin{document} Title Page section*{Example of Citations of Kind texttt{plain}} Citation of a normal book˜cite{Eijkhout:1991} and an edited book˜cite{Roth:postscript}. Now we cite an article written by a single˜cite{Felici:1991} and by multiple authors˜cite{Mittlebatch/Schoepf:1990}. A reference to an article inside proceedings˜cite{Yannis:1991}. We refer to a manual˜cite{Dynatext} and a technical report˜cite{Knuth:WEB}. A citation of an unpublished work˜cite{EVH:Office}. A reference to a chapter in a book˜cite{Wood:color} and to a PhD thesis˜cite{Liang:1983}. An example of multiple citations˜cite{Eijkhout:1991,Roth:postscript}. bibliographystyle{plain} %% plain.bst bibliography{bsample} %% bsample.bib end{document} Page 9 of 10 Go Back Full Screen Close Quit
  10. 10. 15.3.2. Procedure for producing References for the above ﬁle sample.tex which uses bibliographic data base bsample.bib $ latex sample %%%%%%%%%%%%% 1st run of LaTeX $ bibtex sample %%%%%%%%%%%%% BibTeX run %%%%%%%%%%%%% Then sample.bbl file will %%%%%%%%%%%%% be produced $ latex sample The BTEX program BTEX Style ﬁles Creating a biblio . . . %%%%%%%%%%%%% 2nd run of LaTeX Title Page If still unresolved citation references $ latex sample %%%%%%%%%%%%% 3rd run of LaTeX Page 10 of 10 Go Back Full Screen Close Quit

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