International Journal of Communication http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc <em><strong>         <br /></strong></em> en-US The <em>International Journal of Communication</em> is an academic journal. As such, it is dedicated to the open exchange of information. For this reason, IJoC is freely available to individuals and institutions. Copies of this journal or articles in this journal may be distributed for research or educational purposes free of charge and without permission. However, commercial use of the IJoC website or the articles contained herein is expressly prohibited without the written consent of the editor. Authors who publish in The <em>International Journal of Communication</em> will release their articles under the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses/meet-the-licenses" target="_new"><strong>Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) license</strong></a>. 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We consult the <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.icahdq.org_pubs_reports_fairuse.pdf&amp;d=DgMFaQ&amp;c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&amp;r=z0jMYK4APs76R0TPptWZekUQTuP6GnDVQWtzytMdv9U&amp;m=37DK6OjiYtTDAnFaj6_dV6Oq2LTSOXch3n5z48GHWxQ&amp;s=SHJr7fsXNC5jPLU2k55iR97scx6KjEeNDj8PS7lpnvg&amp;e=">Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Scholarly Research in Communication</a>, created by the International Communication Association and endorsed by the National Communication Association, and you should too. If you have any questions about whether fair use applies to your uses of copyrighted material (whether it is text, images, audio-visual, or other) in your scholarship, simply include your rationale, grounded in the Best Practices, as a supplementary document with your submission.</p> info@ijoc.org (IJoC Editorial Office) support@ijoc.org (IJoC Technical Support) Tue, 02 Jan 2018 15:05:14 -0800 OJS 2.4.2.0 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 The Transnationalism of Cultural Journalism in Sweden: Outlooks and Introspection in the Global Era http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8228 <p>Cultural journalism is a unique and underresearched subfield of journalism. This article presents the first systematic study of Swedish cultural journalism, quantitatively mapping content from four decades, zooming in on the years 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2015. We study conceptions of the world outside Sweden during times marked by geopolitical turning points, globalization, and rapid structural transformations in the journalistic market. Employing content analysis of a representative sample from the press and public service radio, we explore geographical and scalar aspects, with a focus on political and global dimensions. Although we found evidence for Eurocentrism and domestication—staples of Western journalism overall—results show that Swedish cultural journalism was a steady conveyor of transnational narratives during all studied periods, which together with a primarily nonconflictual approach, sets cultural journalism apart from foreign news and decreases the risk of misframing in a globalized world.</p> Anna Roosvall, Andreas Widholm http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8228 Wed, 14 Mar 2018 16:21:28 -0700 “Seize Your Moment, My Lovely Trolls”: News, Satire, and Public Opinion About Net Neutrality http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8081 <p>This study examines the implications of messages within a fragmented media environment for public opinion about net neutrality. Drawing on media effects theory and an analysis of media messages, it argues that different forms of media use—including consumption of traditional news, partisan cable news, political satire, and streaming video services—can exert distinctive effects on public familiarity with and support for net neutrality. Moreover, it extends research on information subsidy and intertextuality to argue that political satire use can interact with other forms of media use in shaping public responses to complex policy issues such as net neutrality. Using original data from national telephone surveys conducted in 2014 and 2015, the analyses reveal that various forms of media use predicted familiarity with and support for net neutrality. The findings also suggest that exposure to political satire can shape the translation of information obtained from other sources into opinion.</p><p> </p> Paul R. Brewer, Dannagal G. Young, Jennifer L. Lambe, Lindsay H. Hoffman, Justin Collier http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8081 Wed, 14 Mar 2018 16:14:41 -0700 All at Once or Bit by Bit? How the Serialization of News Affects Recipients’ Attitudes Toward Politicians Involved in Scandals http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7918 <p>Journalists tend to serialize political scandals and publish scandalous information bit by bit instead of all at once in a single news article. Disseminating scandalous information in a serialized way may affect readers’ perceptions of the scandal and the politicians involved in it independently of the information that is conveyed. To test this assumption, an experiment was conducted. All participants were exposed to identical scandalous information. However, the form of presentation—exposure to one, two, three, four, or five article(s)—was systematically manipulated. Serialization indeed indirectly increased participants’ negative attitudes about the politician via the perceived scandal’s importance, participants’ reading duration, cognitive elaboration, and intensity of negative emotions.</p> Christian von Sikorski, Johannes Knoll http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7918 Wed, 14 Mar 2018 16:09:40 -0700 Contemporary Gurus in Indian Classrooms: Changing Professorial Authority and Cultural Tensions in Managing Digital Connectivity http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7852 <p>In an environment of increasing digitalization and hyperconnectivity among Indian youths, this article examines the communication practices of professorial authority and the cultural tensions negotiated by college instructors as they intervene to manage digital connectivity and distractions in the Indian academe. Findings from interviews with 66 Indian professors illustrate how they communicate their authority using distinctive practices such as discursive norms, dialogic interactions, and verbal and nonverbal punishments. Furthermore, findings highlight how these instructors navigate cultural tensions as they face the dialectics of their status as privileged or disadvantaged and cultural similarities and differences in their management of their students’ attention and learning in college classrooms. The results of this study contribute to deepening insights on instructional and intercultural communication as well as broadening understanding of cross-cultural similarities and differences in teacher-student interactions in mediated learning environments.</p> Uttaran Dutta, Pauline Hope Cheong, Robert Shuter http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7852 Wed, 14 Mar 2018 16:05:04 -0700 Public Service Austerity Broadcasts: Framing the Euro Debt Crisis http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7647 <p>The reassertion of neoliberal public policy in the wake of the 2008 global financial crisis was achieved in part through its sufficient recuperation as a hegemonic political and economic “imaginary." Focusing on a series of episodes of political and economic upheaval in the Eurozone periphery between 2011 and 2013, this article examines the extent to which mediated constructions of crisis in the context of public service broadcasting in the Republic of Ireland reflected and contributed to such a recuperation. An analysis of journalistic crisis framings reveals patterns of crisis definition, judgments of actors and their behaviors, and evaluations of political and economic developments that are strongly congruent with neoliberal crisis and recovery imaginaries. The legitimation of the coercive imposition of disciplinary neoliberalism in Europe’s periphery and the elision of associated negative social and democratic externalities raise questions about public service broadcast journalism’s critical capacities and democratic commitments.</p> Mark Cullinane http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7647 Wed, 14 Mar 2018 16:00:29 -0700 Persuasion Through Emotion? An Experimental Test of the Emotion-Eliciting Nature of Populist Communication http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7846 <p>Populist parties have been extremely successful in recent years. It is often argued that their focus on emotion-eliciting appeals instead of rational arguments contributes to this success; however, there is a lack of empirical evidence to support this assumption. The objective of this article is to test whether populist appeals do indeed elicit emotions and whether this increases the persuasiveness of the appeals. An experiment was conducted (<em>N</em> = 580) comparing populist and nonpopulist appeals on political advertising posters. The results show that populist appeals elicit stronger emotions than nonpopulist appeals and that these emotions mediate the persuasiveness of the appeals. The widespread assumption that populist appeals are persuasive because they are inherently emotional is thus supported. This finding helps to explain the success of parties that make use of such populist messages.</p> Dominique S. Wirz http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7846 Tue, 27 Feb 2018 15:11:32 -0800 Reproducing the Imprint of Power: Framing the “Creative Class” in Putin’s Russia http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7644 <p>This textual analysis traces the framing of the 2011–2012 anti-Kremlin protests in Russia by the nation’s most popular tabloid, <em>Komsomol’skaya Pravda</em>. The findings show that the otherwise agnostic newspaper came to adopt Vladimir Putin’s rhetoric challenging the protesters, who represented the emerging, Internet-savvy, professional “creative class.” As this tug-of-war over Putin’s political prerogative to define the creative class in contemporary Russia developed in print, the newspaper was transformed from an apolitical, commercial tabloid operating beyond the scope of Putin’s media control into a quasi pro-government organ that would adopt Putin’s framing to marginalize social dissent long after the rallies<em> </em>declined.<em> </em>By examining the newspaper’s development of its pro-Putin interpretive package, this study provides insight into the expansion of neo-Soviet, state–media tensions affecting the ostensibly apolitical sector of commercialized, privately owned press in post-Soviet Russia.</p> Volha Kananovich, Frank D. Durham http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7644 Tue, 27 Feb 2018 15:07:52 -0800 Internet and Social Media in European Minority Languages: Analysis of the Digitalization Process http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7464 <p>The aim of this article is to analyze the Internet reality and performance of European minority language media, including a comparison of the evolution of traditional media websites between 2009 and 2016. The 10 language communities are Catalan, Galician, Basque, Welsh, Irish, Frisian, Breton, Corsican, Scottish Gaelic, and Sámi. The quantitative and qualitative inquiry is based on the data of the complete censuses of the 10 media systems. To evaluate Internet and social media activity, as well as areas of improvement, we gathered information from an adequate sample of media editors and managers. The findings indicate that nine out of 10 news organizations have some presence on the Internet in the form of websites and/or social media. Compared with data collected in 2009, the average number of media organizations with no Internet presence has decreased from 29% to 9.2%. A niche of traditional media, however, remains outside the digital and online world.</p> Carme Ferré-Pavia, Iñaki Zabaleta, Arantza Gutierrez, Itxaso Fernandez-Astobiza, Nicolás Xamardo http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7464 Tue, 27 Feb 2018 14:53:53 -0800 Journalistic Role Performance in the Spanish National Press http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8109 <p>Based on a content analysis of 2,278 news items from four Spanish newspapers, this article reports the findings of a study that examines the presence of the interventionist, watchdog, loyal-facilitator, service, infotainment, and civic roles in news content as well as the factors that predict the presence of such roles in news content. We find that journalistic practices in the Spanish national press are characterized mainly by an interventionist profile, a high presence of the watchdog role, and a conceptualization of the audience as citizens—manifested by a higher presence of the civic role. The study also reveals differences in journalistic role performance across newspapers, indicating that a homogeneous model of journalism does not exist. The best predictors for the presence of the roles in the Spanish press are reporting methods and news topics; editorial identity (organization, political leaning, and religious commitment) is also important. The findings are contextualized within the cultural and political particularities of the Spanish media system and discussed accordingly.</p> María Luisa Humanes, Sergio Roses http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8109 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:25:41 -0800 Nobody Notices It? Qualitative Inequalities of Leading Publications in Communication and Media Research http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7887 <p class="Normal1">This article examines the publication practices in the field of communication and media studies (CMS) by analyzing the main patterns and features of Scopus-indexed journals. I generated randomly selected samples from Q1 to Q4 quartiles and investigated the connections between the publisher and the content of a given periodical, the internationality and center-periphery indexes, and coauthor networks. Using the results to test the paradigm of dependency theory in CMS, I find that the publisher’s location eminently affects the content of a journal. Authors from dependent countries are underrepresented in the most prestigious journals, and, although authors from developed countries frequently collaborate with one another, their coauthorship with authors from dependent countries is idiosyncratic; therefore, authors from dependent countries tend to look for alternative ways to produce noticeable publications.</p><p><span lang="EN-US"><span><br /></span></span></p> Marton Demeter http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7887 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:17:47 -0800 Defensive Reactions to Threatening Health Messages: Alternative Structures and Next Questions http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7538 <p>Defensive reactions offer an explanation for why people reject persuasive messages. Surprisingly, little research has focused on the basic question of how they are structured with regard to one another. Understanding this would enable more informed theorizing. Using data from two studies (<em>N = </em>849 and <em>N</em> = 311), we tested four possible structures via confirmatory factor analysis, frequency analysis, and latent profile analysis. Results indicated that defensive reactions are best conceptualized as several related concepts that are positively correlated but cannot be reduced to a single phenomenon. Having addressed the structure issue empirically, we conclude with a series of questions that may guide efforts to explicate the concept known as defensive reactions.</p> James Price Dillard, Eric Meczkowski, Chun Yang http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7538 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:10:05 -0800 The Negative and Positive Influences of Threat and Nonthreat Media Messages About Immigrants http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7284 <p>We examined (a) the effect of threat messages (media messages suggesting that an outgroup is threatening to an ingroup) versus nonthreat messages (messages refuting the outgroup’s threat) on intergroup bias, (b) the mechanisms underlying that effect, and (c) whether nonthreat messages would result in smaller effects of negative stereotypes on intergroup bias, compared with threat messages. We found that exposure to a threat message about immigrants (compared with a nonthreat message) resulted in more support for punitive immigration policies. This occurred via two sequential mediators: feelings of anger and contempt toward the outgroup, and outgroup derogation. The effect of negative stereotypes on intergroup bias was smaller in the nonthreat message condition than the threat message condition. We discuss implications for the effects of minority news portrayals.</p> Chanjung Kim, Jake Harwood, Jun Xiang http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7284 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:04:10 -0800 #fukushima Five Years On: A Multimethod Analysis of Twitter on the Anniversary of the Nuclear Disaster http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6475 <p>This article examines how the fifth anniversary of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster was commemorated on English-speaking Twitter in March 2016. By combining social network analysis and critical discourse analysis, a research design is developed that can be applied to study the structure of actors and interpretative resources invoked in the crafting of communal remembrance of a disruptive, global media event. In the study, we explore the most visible actors and the most dominant meanings in the #fukushima stream. According to our analysis, the most significant players were the mainstream media and other established organizations. While most of the retweeted messages contained a ritual element of collective memory work, grief, and observance, another prominent feature was the strongly politicized discourse surrounding the aftermath of the disaster.</p> Anna Rantasila, Anu Sirola, Arto Kekkonen, Katja Valaskivi, Risto Kunelius http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6475 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 13:54:00 -0800 Propaganda for Kids: Comparing IS-Produced Propaganda to Depictions of Propaganda in The Hunger Games and Harry Potter Film Series http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6228 <p>The <em>Harry Potter </em>and <em>The Hunger Games </em>films are wildly popular with adolescents and adults alike, despite touching on themes that parallel the horrors in our own world’s geopolitical climate. The Islamic State (IS) promotes its own messages of violence, brutality, and even utopia through sophisticated propaganda disseminated via social media. This article discusses the extent to which propaganda depicted in <em>Harry Potter </em>and <em>The Hunger Games </em>approximates—in content and/or medium—that produced by IS in recent years. Propaganda in the <em>Harry Potter </em>films, largely produced in written form, resembles propaganda of the past, whereas propaganda in <em>The Hunger Games </em>makes use of contemporary mediums and techniques that resemble that which originates from IS. It is worthwhile to explore whether fiction provides audiences with a realistic portrayal of propaganda, as it may assist viewers in turning a critical eye toward the themes and technologies that are used in their own world to disseminate propaganda.</p> Katherine A. Elder http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6228 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 13:35:59 -0800 Knitting Activism, Knitting Gender, Knitting Race http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6122 <p>Graffiti knitting, the practice of knitting objects and installing them without permission in public, is part of a larger craftivist turn in contemporary activism. It builds on a feminist history of activist knitting and resonates today because of its synthesis of the material and the affective, and through these means crafting a more participatory politics. This approach has facilitated, however, blindness to the racial politics of a largely White feminist appropriation of graffiti. This works against craftivism’s political potential and mirrors larger concerns about participatory politics. As a scholar-activist, I critique graffiti knitting to point toward ways for it to evolve and become a more intersectional activist practice.</p><br /><strong></strong> Samantha Close http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6122 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:35:13 -0800 The Pull of Humanitarian Interventionism: Examining the Effects of Media Frames and Political Values on People’s Choice of Resolution http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8005 <p>The media create frames to transmit information to the public, and the frames can have varying effects on public opinion depending on how they combine with people’s values and deep-seated cultural narratives. This study examines the effects of media frames and values on people’s choice of resolution of conflict. The results show that neither values nor exposure to frames are associated with outcome. Participants overwhelmingly chose the humanitarian intervention option regardless of frame exposure and even in contrast to their own political values, demonstrating the influence of the mainstream media’s dominant, humanitarian interventionist frame on public opinion.</p> Jovan Milojevich, Peter Beattie http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8005 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 14:46:07 -0800 Communicating on Twitter for Charity: Understanding the Wall of Kindness Initiative in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7726 <p>This study highlights the important role of social media for charity through an analysis of tweets about the Wall of Kindness charity initiative in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, we employ a theoretical lens of social influence to explore how individuals and organizations used Twitter to promote charitable initiatives. User engagement on Twitter centered on content sharing and identification through hashtags, and imitative behaviors promoted the Wall of Kindness initiative across countries. Results from the thematic analysis reveal that Twitter users were tweeting about the Wall of Kindness to provide information, encourage donations, inspire others to action, and build an online community. Our content analysis reveals that a majority of the tweets were neutral and supportive of the initiative; users mostly shared textual information, followed by sharing images and videos, tweeting news links, and soliciting donations about the Wall of Kindness. Furthermore, media organizations, wall enthusiasts, and journalists were most active in tweeting about the charity initiative. Implications for future research are discussed.</p> M. Laeeq Khan, Zulfia Zaher, Bowen Gao http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7726 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 12:59:01 -0800 Positive or Negative? The Influence of Message Framing, Regulatory Focus, and Product Type http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7601 <p>This study compares positive and negative message framing, and examines how product type and the consumer’s regulatory focus moderate ad effectiveness. We conducted a 2 (message framing: positive vs. negative) × 2 (product type: hedonic vs. utilitarian) × 2 (regulatory focus: promotion focus vs. prevention focus) between-subjects experiment in which we measured individual differences in regulatory focus. The results indicate that, regardless of product type, ads with positively framed messages are more effective than those with negatively framed messages for promotion-focused consumers. However, for prevention-focused consumers, positively framed messages are more effective than negatively framed ones when the advertised product is utilitarian. By contrast, negatively framed messages are more effective than positively framed ones for such consumers when the advertised product is hedonic. Therefore, marketers can more effectively target consumers by matching the framing of the message with the advertised product.</p> Hsiao-Ching Lee, Shu-Fang Liu, Ya-Chung Cheng http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7601 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 12:47:53 -0800 A Mixed Methods Approach to Examining the Relationship Between News Media Literacy and Political Efficacy http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7467 <p>Employing a convergent parallel design that combines an experiment and interviews, this study examined the relationship between news media literacy (NML) and political efficacy. The experiment tested the effect of exposure to NML messages on self-perceived media literacy and political efficacy beliefs. Experimental results suggest that NML messages influence self-perceived media literacy, which mediates political efficacy. This study also used interviews to explore how people apply NML skills to their news consumption and the relationship between news media literacy and political efficacy. The experimental and interview findings give us a more complete understanding of the complex relationship between NML and political efficacy and offer insight into the kinds of NML interventions that could be developed using theoretically and empirically validated findings.</p> Melissa Tully, Emily K. Vraga http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7467 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 12:44:07 -0800 The Power of Narratives: A New Understanding of Antibiotic Resistance http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7413 <p>Antibiotic resistance continues unabated despite many efforts to increase awareness and promote responsible use of antibiotics. The limited results of various campaigns and community education initiatives to alleviate antibiotic resistance are concerning. The world faces a future with diminishing power of antibiotics and a possible postantibiotic era with serious consequences for health and humanity. Typically, antibiotic resistance is viewed as a public health problem, and communication principles and theories serve a practical role in creating and disseminating messages. In the exploratory endeavor described in this article, the starting premise is that communication may be a part of the problem. This article provides a new understanding of antibiotic resistance and creates a basis for organizing future efforts to promote prudent use of antibiotics in a more effective manner.</p> Slavica Kodish http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7413 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 12:36:26 -0800 The Public Intellectual as Agent-Egoist: Sherry Turkle’s Ethnography http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7214 <p>Few academics who become public intellectuals have the opportunity to use their research findings to influence and direct public opinion. Sherry Turkle is a public intellectual whose work as a Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) professor of the social studies of science and technology is critically considered in this exploration of a single public presentation based on her 2015 book <em>Reclaiming Conversation: The Power of Talk in the Digital Age</em>. Drawing deeply on subjective observations, Turkle performs public ethnography, using her knowledge and practice as a psychologist to create what she has called “computer psychotherapy.” This type of ethnographic practice operates within an agent-egoist model of performativity, which Turkle uses to establish her opposition to student use of laptops and social media in classrooms. Arguing in favor of and thereby privileging classroom conversation, Turkle misses the challenge of rendering creative pedagogical options for millennials in the context of their enriched, always-on digital lives. As a public intellectual, she fails to assist the public and educators explore collective and progressive options to technology within emerging forms of pedagogy.</p> Marcus Breen http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7214 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 12:20:55 -0800 News Media Use and the Informed Public in the Digital Age http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5425 <p>Perhaps one of the most enduring assumptions of political communication research concerns the perennial finding that despite tides of media distrust and revolutionary advances in communications technology, local television newscasts remain the dominant source of public affairs information for most Americans. Although the basic truth of this nearly sacred assumption remains for now, it is under greater strain than ever before, and this and other assumptions about how individuals acquire political information from the media must be continually investigated. In this article, we use data from a nationally representative online survey to provide just such a reexamination of relationships between news media use and political knowledge. Findings suggest significant changes in the contemporary media environment. By some measures, directed Internet searches have come to rival television news as a source for information, and newspapers no longer appear to have the strongest educative influences. In addition to providing an updated assessment of media use and political knowledge patterns, we consider the implications of our findings for contemporary theoretical discussions in the field of political communication.</p> Michael A. Xenos, Dietram Scheufele, Dominique Brossard, Doo-Hun Choi, Michael Cacciatore, Sara Yeo, Leona Yi-Fan Su http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5425 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 12:13:41 -0800 An Analysis of the Korean Wave as Transnational Popular Culture: North American Youth Engage Through Social Media as TV Becomes Obsolete http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7973 <p>This article explores the ways in which the new Korean Wave phenomenon is integrated into a social media–embedded cultural landscape in North America. By employing in-depth interviews with K-pop fans in Canada, it analyzes recent developments characterizing the Korean Wave in tandem with cultural industries in the age of social media. It discusses the increasing role of social media and changing media consumption habits among youth in Canada. It finally maps out why social media has contributed to the enhanced popularity of the transnational media culture produced in a non-Western region.</p><p><br /><strong></strong></p> Dal Yong Jin http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7973 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 15:55:53 -0800 Media Use and Environmental Engagement: Examining Differential Gains from News Media and Social Media http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7650 <p>This study examines how the uses of news media and social media are linked to environmental activism and consumerism. The analysis of survey data from Hong Kong (<em>N</em> = 1,047) demonstrates positive relationships between news media use and these two types of environmental engagement. Findings also reveal that political use of social media is positively associated with both environmental activism and consumerism, whereas relational use of social media is negatively associated with environmental activism but positively related to environmental consumerism. Notably, the associations are moderated by membership in environmental nongovernment organizations (ENGOs). The positive relationship between news media consumption and environmental engagement tends to be stronger for ENGO members than nonmembers, whereas the positive association between political use of social media and environmental engagement is stronger for nonmembers. These findings shed new light on the equalizer role of social media in environmental engagement and highlight the importance of softer forms of engagement in proenvironmental activities.</p> Nan Zhang, Marko M. Skoric http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7650 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 15:50:18 -0800 Political Talk Preferences: Selection of Similar and Different Discussion Partners and Groups http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7381 <p>Focusing on two distinct dimensions of similarity and difference (political identity, political opinions), this study uses a within-subjects experimental design implemented in an online survey to examine preferences for discussion partners and groups that are similar to (same party and same opinion) or different from (different party and different opinion) or that represent a combination of similarity and difference (same party and different opinion, or different party and same opinion) relative to oneself. Participants comprising a diverse national sample (<em>N</em> = 820) completed eight political discussion selection tasks (four discussion partner tasks, four discussion group tasks) by ranking four political discussion options from most to least preferred. Results indicate that complete similarity is not always preferred (in analyses of all ranked discussion groups) and that partisan similarity is preferred over opinion similarity (in analyses of first-ranked discussion partners). More generally, findings reveal that preferences for political discussion depend on the context of the discussion, including whether the discussion involves a single discussion partner or a discussion group and whether preference focuses on individuals’ most preferred option only or<em> </em>relative rankings<em> </em>across a range of options.</p> Alyssa C. Morey, Steven B. Kleinman, Mark Boukes http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7381 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 15:46:48 -0800 Who’s Afraid of a Pan-European Spectrum Policy? The EU and the Battles Over the UHF Broadcast Band http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6713 <p>Several European Union (EU) member states have consistently opposed European Commission (EC) efforts to create a supranational EU spectrum policy, but only Finland voted against the EC at the World Radiocommunication Conference in 2015, proposing the release of the entire ultra-high frequency (UHF) band for mobile use. Originally, in 2007, the EC and Finland wanted quick release of the UHF for mobile, but the EC has changed its UHF policy completely. Based on a new institutionalism approach, this article argues that one of the main reasons for this development is that the EU’s spectrum policy planning system has become intergovernmental. The EU members are now able to force the EC to seek a wide consensus on spectrum policy. The unique Finnish spectrum policy stand is based on certain nation-specific institutional factors: concentration of power in the spectrum policy, strong economic orientation of the communication policy, and oversupply of UHF frequencies.</p><p class="Abstract"><em><br /></em></p> Marko Ala-Fossi, Montse Bonet http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6713 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 15:43:15 -0800 Feast for the Eyes: Effects of Food Perceptions and Computer Vision Features on Food Photo Popularity http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6678 <p>The widely circulated food photos online have become an important part of our visual culture. Combining human ratings of food characteristics and computational analysis of visual aesthetics, we examined what contributed to the aesthetic appeal of a diversity of food photographs (<em>N</em> = 300) and likes and comments they received in an artificial newsfeed from participants (<em>N</em> = 399). The results revealed that people tended to like and share images containing tasty foods. Both healthy and unhealthy foods were able to gain likes. Aesthetic appeal and specific visual features, such as the use of arousing colors and different components of visual complexity, also influenced the popularity of food images. This work demonstrates the potential of applying computer vision methods in visual analysis, offers insights into image virality, and provides practical guidelines for communicating healthy eating.</p> Yilang Peng, John B. Jemmott III http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6678 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 16:16:28 -0800 Outside-In Constructions of Organizational Legitimacy: Sensitizing the Influence of Evaluative Judgments Through Mass Self-Communication in Online Communities http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6072 <p>This article aims to further the current discussions in organizational studies about the construction of organizational legitimacy. We examine the influence of mass self-communication—in particular, evaluative judgments, such as product reviews, made by citizens in online communities—on the construction of organizational legitimacy. We chose an interdisciplinary approach in which we evaluated 177 studies from the field of organizational and communication science, relying on organizational legitimacy and mass self-communication as combined theoretical backbones. Our analysis revealed three sensitizing concepts: (1) community-mediated constituency, (2) audience engagement dilemmas, and (3) influencer-generated legitimacy. Based on these sensitizing concepts, we discuss outside-in (audience- or influencer-driven) and inside-out (company-driven) perspectives on the construction of organizational legitimacy.</p> Deike Schulz, Jan Jonker, Niels Faber http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6072 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 15:22:44 -0800 Framing Philanthropy in Time of War http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/4918 <p>This study examines media framing of philanthropy. It presents a new theoretical and methodological framework that combines and integrates theories and models from the fields of communication and philanthropy. The framework includes three communication components (media outlets, functions, and roles) and three philanthropy components (donors, donations, and recipients). The integration of these components yielded six frames: government substitution, individual, high-net-worth, consumer, corporate, and media driven, as well as a new framework for analysis. Content analysis of media coverage of philanthropy during two cases of warfare in Israel demonstrates examples of these frames. The findings and the framework for analysis have significant implications for the study of media-philanthropy relations.</p> Shani Horowitz-Rozen, Eytan Gilboa http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/4918 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 15:17:07 -0800 Returning to <i>Kolchak</i>: Polymediated Narrative, Discourse, and Supernatural Drama http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7827 <p>Scholars are paying a great deal of attention to the complexity of the stories being created for print, film, television, and the web. In this essay, the authors explore the relationship between complex narratives and the discourses in which they participate using one genre and starting with one television program: <em>Kolchak: The Night Stalker</em>. The authors expand on the concept of polymediated narrative complexity in contemporary storyworlds to explore the external discourses that influence their legacies and interpretations. As such, this research examines <em>Kolchak</em> as an important ever-evolving discursive fragment within what would become the supernatural drama genre. </p> Andrew F. Herrmann, Art Herbig http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7827 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:30:20 -0800 My Hero, Your Aggressor: Differences in Perceptions of News Media Brand Personality http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7649 <p>Though brand personality has been explored in the context of news media, the literature has yet to systematically examine differences in perceptions of news media brand personality among individuals with differing political ideologies. An analysis of 588 surveys where participants rated either mainstream (<em>n</em> = 200), liberal (<em>n</em> = 192), or conservative (<em>n</em> = 196) news media brands across the dimensions of aggression, heroism, and warmth revealed that while political ideology has little impact on individuals’ perceptions of news media brand personality with regard to mainstream media, significant associations were present for perceptions of liberal and conservative news media. Controlling for education, age, familiarity, and gender, more conservative participants tended to find conservative news outlets less aggressive and more heroic and find liberal outlets more aggressive and less heroic; the differences in these associations were statistically significant. For both liberal outlets and conservative outlets, greater familiarity tended to be associated with higher perceived heroism. Significant gender and race associations are noted in perceptions of warmth. Ramifications in the context of political communication and media management are discussed.</p><p><span><br /></span></p> Danny D. E. Kim http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7649 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:23:56 -0800 Gender, Parasocial Interaction, and Nonverbal Communication: Testing the Visual Effect of Sports Magazine Cover Models http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7577 <p>An experiment examined gender, parasocial interaction, and nonverbal communication regarding sports magazine cover models. Results indicate that a correlation exists among parasocial interaction, nonverbal communication, and gender, with female cover models eliciting larger effects on test subjects. However, gender did not correlate with parasocial interaction or nonverbal communication among the test subjects, contradicting extant literature. Also, the parasocial interaction and nonverbal communication measurement scales positively correlated. In conclusion, static images are reliable experimental stimuli for parasocial interaction studies and nonverbal measurement scales, and sports magazines are better served by featuring more women.</p> Ben Wasike http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7577 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:20:01 -0800 Examining the Role of Communication Activities in Perceived Collective Efficacy and Neighborhood Violence http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7540 <p>This study examines two communication-based sources of neighborhood collective efficacy: communication ties with neighbors and local media use. Data from a Web survey of Chicago residents reveal that communication characterized by weak and strong ties has a positive association with perceived collective efficacy. Data also show a positive link between attention to neighborhood social news and perceived collective efficacy. Weak- and strong-tie communication and attention to neighborhood social news also have indirect negative relationships with perceived violence in the neighborhood through perceived collective efficacy. Implications are discussed for the role of interpersonal and mediated communication in neighborhood safety.</p><p> </p> Masahiro Yamamoto http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7540 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 15:41:21 -0800 United States Digital Service: How “Obama’s Startup” Harnesses Disruption and Productive Failure to Reboot Government http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7409 <p>This article tracks the culture of start-ups as it entered government through the U.S. Digital Service (USDS), a new agency and self-described White House “start-up” designed to rewrite the government’s digital presence. This critical discourse analysis traces the cultural history of the start-up, showing how and why it became an American ideal and icon of American power. This explains how and why the start-up became a cultural infrastructure for the federal government and how it became a commonsense solution to both technological and civic problems and a model for “venture government.” This article concludes that ventures like USDS allowed the government to harness industry popularity, expertise, and credibility to tap venture capitalist modes of production and to capitalize on cultural associations with disruption and failure in the hopes of fortifying public trust in government. However, it also provided technology industry unprecedented influence in federal institutions for both better and worse.</p> Stephanie Ricker Schulte http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7409 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 15:28:07 -0800 The Nation-State in the Digital Age: A Contextual Analysis in 33 Countries http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7343 <p>The rise of the Internet brings up a debate about its role in eroding or strengthening the nation-state. Taking the perspective of media ecology, this article explored the Internet’s impacts on social context in which national identity and trust in the state are formed. Using the data from the World Values Survey, this article carried out multilevel analyses with 47,965 respondents in 33 countries. The results illustrated two conclusions. First, the Internet as a context threatens the mutual support between the nation and the state, leading to the separation of the nation-state. Second, democracy harnesses the Internet. On the one hand, digital freedom neutralizes the challenges brought by digital infrastructure. On the other hand, digital infrastructure favors the civic approach over the ethnic approach.</p><p><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p> Jia Lu, Xinchuan Liu http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7343 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 15:20:33 -0800 What Influences Adolescents’ Rumor Acceptance and Support for Participation in Sociopolitical Issues? Analyzing the Role of Patterns and Levels of Communication http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7338 <p>This study examines the impact of adolescents’ communication behaviors on their acceptance of rumors as well as their perceptions and support for participation regarding a sociopolitical issue. Applying the heuristic-systematic model, we suggest that adolescents’ communication patterns and overall level of communication reflect two different information-processing modes. Survey results (<em>N </em>= 558) in the context of the 2008 mad cow disease scare in South Korea show that five communication patterns differently influence adolescents’ acceptance of rumors, perceived severity, and support for sociopolitical participation. Further, the overall level of communication influences rumor acceptance on adolescents’ support for sociopolitical participation.</p> Jae-Seon Jeong, Seungyoon Lee http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7338 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 15:16:23 -0800 From Women Empowerment to Nation Branding: A Case Study From the United Arab Emirates http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7319 <p>Nation branding in the Middle East is relatively new. The United Arab Emirates has been developing its nation branding for about three decades. This article discusses one of its recent nation-branding strategies: women empowerment. The research uses a semiotic analysis to examine the way narratives of women empowerment are being articulated and conveyed for nation-branding campaigns and strategies. Through the case study of Mariam Al Mansouri, the first United Arab Emirate female air striker who fired missiles toward ISIS, we argue that narratives of women empowerment became an additional device for image building and nation branding.</p> Ilhem Allagui, Abeer Al-Najjar http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7319 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 15:04:09 -0800 The Contextual Accomplishment of Privacy http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7016 <p>This study illustrates how different genres of social media use relate to contextual accomplishment of privacy. Information on privacy attitudes and behaviors and the uses and gratifications (U&amp;G) of social media was gathered through a survey from 353 social media users and analyzed using multivariate multiple regression. Results indicate that social media privacy activities take place at multiple levels, are engaged at points of Internet and application access, and are socially enacted and technologically reinforced. Further, we demonstrate that certain contexts of social media use result in specific privacy-producing behaviors within this hierarchy. These findings provide empirical support for Nissenbaum’s framework of privacy as a contextual practice, as they demonstrate that privacy behaviors adapt to the situated use of social media.</p> Kelly Quinn, Zizi Papacharissi http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7016 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 14:41:41 -0800 The Digital Public Sphere: An Alternative and Counterhegemonic Space? The Case of Spain http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6943 <p>A historical view of social mobilizations coordinated by digital technologies shows the emergence of an alternative digital public sphere (DPS) in Spain, which has subsequently proven to be counterhegemonic. During the past decade, the DPS promoted alternative discourses to those of the official public sphere. The Indignados<em> </em>mobilizations in 2011 (15-M) has been the product of a long-term process of building a DPS that proved to be influential at three levels: (1) reframing the public debate, (2) expressing a nonofficial public opinion consensus, and (3) changing the electoral map. The Spanish DPS had been a key resource for subaltern publics since the 2004 terrorist attacks in Madrid, Spain, when citizens, using their mobile phones and the Net, claimed that the bombings were a consequence of the country’s involvement in the Iraq War. That early digitally organized mobilization meant the collapse of the political-communication system. Later, the 15-M in 2011 expressed a widespread new public opinion consensus. Gradually, the DPS allowed the bipartisan system to break into a multiparty system and to contest previous political hegemony.</p> Víctor Sampedro, Mayra Martínez Avidad http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6943 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 14:31:03 -0800 Prosocial vs. Trolling Community on Facebook: A Comparative Study of Individual Group Communicative Behaviors http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6112 <p>Communicative behaviors displayed on the group “walls” within and between a prosocial and a trolling community on Facebook were compared based on the following conceptual frameworks: (1) types of information exchange behaviors, (2) message contingent interactivity, and (3) proportion of agreement and disagreement. Findings revealed that participants in a prosocial community exchanged more emotionally supportive messages and showed greater level of message reciprocity and member agreement. That is not to say that a trolling group exists in disharmony. On the contrary, participants of a trolling community were found to agree more with one another than disagree. Findings extend online community research that largely examined solo communities and investigated trolling as individual activities, and show that at the group level, a trolling community can instead be more collaborative than acrimonious. Practical suggestions and implications of findings in the context and theorization of online communities are discussed.</p> Elmie Nekmat, Kellyn Lee http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6112 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 14:17:58 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Understanding Privacy at the Margins—Introduction http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7053 <p>While privacy and surveillance affect different populations in disparate ways, they are often treated as monolithic concepts by journalists, privacy advocates, and researchers. Achieving privacy is especially difficult for those who are marginalized in other areas of life. This special issue interrogates what privacy looks like at the margins, investigating a broad spectrum of issues, methodologies, and contexts. Many make an intervention into mainstream theories of privacy and surveillance, showing how examining the experiences of individuals outside the normative white, American, middle-class subject often complicates assumptions about how privacy operates. Others examine the mundane and the banal in order to analyze how power relations play out in everyday life. By incorporating research outside the canon of privacy research, and by advocating for projects that discuss more diverse conceptualizations of “the user” or the subject, we can envision a future for privacy scholarship that incorporates a wider set of harms and needs, and encompasses the concerns of a larger base of citizens.</p> Alice E. Marwick, danah boyd http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7053 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:46:44 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Refractive Surveillance: Monitoring Customers to Manage Workers http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7041 <p>Collecting information about one group can facilitate control over an entirely different group—a phenomenon we term <em>refractive surveillance</em>. We explore this dynamic in the context of retail stores by investigating how retailers’ collection of data about customers facilitates new forms of managerial control over workers. We identify four mechanisms through which refractive surveillance might occur in retail work, involving dynamic labor scheduling, new forms of evaluation, externalization of worker knowledge, and replacement through customer self-service. Our research suggests that the effects of surveillance cannot be fully understood without considering how populations might be managed on the basis of data collected about others.</p> Karen Levy, Solon Barocas http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7041 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:46:32 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Not the Normal Trans Story: Negotiating Trans Narratives While Crowdfunding at the Margins http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7049 <p>This study reports findings from in-depth semistructured interviews with 20 transgender-identifying individuals to understand how they negotiate privacy while crowdfunding to finance top surgery. Participants expressed privacy concerns about the body becoming public and fears of being criticized or attacked. Crowdfunding also necessitated a discussion of the fact that participants had breasts, which was distressing to some. Despite all of this, most participants embraced the crowdfunding experience as an opportunity to share their stories and to reject what they viewed as the normal trans narrative as too narrow. Findings suggest an intensification of privacy calculus theory<em> </em>as it applies to individuals from marginalized communities: Perceived costs and benefits of online disclosure may be greater when publicizing an identity that is often subject to attack. In addition to privacy calculus theory, we use the identity shift framework and taxonomies of privacy to explore tensions between publicness, privacy, self-expression, and support.</p> Niki Fritz, Amy Gonzales http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7049 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:45:18 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Being at Home with Privacy: Privacy and Mundane Intimacy Through Same-Sex Locative Media Practices http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7050 <p>Smartphones have ushered in new forms of locative media through the overlay of global positioning system digital media onto physical places. Whereas mobile communication research has focused on corporate, hierarchical, or government surveillance, emerging studies examine the ways locative media practices relate to privacy and surveillance in everyday, intimate contexts. Studies of same-sex forms of intimacy in and through locative media practices have largely attended to the growth and use of male hook-up apps, but have overlooked same-sex female relationships. Beyond hook-up apps, mundane forms of intimacy in same-sex relationships have also received scant attention. This article draws from a broader ethnographic study in Australia over three years exploring the use (and nonuse) of locative media in households as part of their management of privacy, connection, and intimacy with family and friends. By moving the discussion about intimacy beyond hook-up apps, this article focuses on locative media practices of use and nonuse by female same-sex couples.</p> Larissa Hjorth, Sarah Pink, Heather A. Horst http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7050 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:45:10 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| The Poverty of Privacy: Understanding Privacy Trade-Offs From Identity Infrastructure Users in India http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7046 <p>What trade-offs in privacy do low-income people make in dealing with state identity systems, and on what basis? We examine perspectives on Aadhaar, a national identification system for Indian residents that assigns a 12-digit number based on biometric identifiers. We draw on qualitative interviews with low-income respondents (<em>N</em> = 150) in six sites spanning three Indian states. In their encounters with state identity systems, respondents weigh their privacy concerns against their need to be seen by the state and in light of their previous interactions with the state. They negotiate their privacy practices by gauging what they are offering their data in exchange for and whether the rationale for data collection resonates with them. In parallel, they use their previous interactions with the state to make decisions about when to be visible to the state and when they value their privacy more and in evaluating whether information collectors and their tools are credible. Finally, we find preliminary indications that respondents harbor unique privacy concerns around the networked nature of identity systems such as Aadhaar.</p> Janaki Srinivasan, Savita Bailur, Emrys Schoemaker, Sarita Seshagiri http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7046 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:44:59 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Technology in Rural Appalachia: Cultural Strategies of Resistance and Navigation http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7052 <p>Existing research on technology in rural, low-income communities has focused primarily on financial obstacles and lack of infrastructure. We use a sociocultural framework for understanding technology in rural Appalachia, using a mixed-methods study of focus groups and interviews. Eight focus groups were held with a total of 65 people (58% female) from low-socioeconomic-status communities in rural Appalachia (ages 12 to 75). Then, in-depth interviews were conducted with 24 participants (62.5% female) on issues generated from focus groups. Participants reported ways of both resisting and navigating technology, many of which were deeply grounded in core Appalachian values, such as respect for privacy. Many participants were skeptical of the value of technology weighed against the loss of privacy, expressed regrets about the loss of self-reliance due to technology, and used self-deprecating humor as resistance. Participants reported numerous strategies for navigating technology risks and generally took an agentic approach to protecting themselves online. Many prominent themes in these transcripts show the ways that people from this community have reasserted their agency in their relationships with technology.</p> Sherry Hamby, Elizabeth Taylor, Alli Smith, Kimberly Mitchell, Lisa Jones http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7052 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:44:49 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Concerns, Skills, and Activities: Multilayered Privacy Issues in Disadvantaged Urban Communities http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7044 <p>Little attention has been given to how members of economically, socially, and digitally disadvantaged groups experience privacy. Using a door-to-door paper-and-pencil household census of public housing communities in a major American city, this study examined three layers of digital privacy experiences among public housing residents—privacy concerns, privacy skills, and privacy-compromising activities. Results showed that privacy concerns are one of the major reasons that hinder residents from adopting the Internet. Regression analysis revealed significant gaps in digital privacy skills among residents by generation and by having private Internet access or not. Moreover, higher levels of privacy skills and relatively private Internet access contribute to more frequent engagement in digital activities that can compromise privacy. This research provides valuable insights on how privacy concerns and skills affect digital inclusion in a marginalized population.</p> Xiaoqian Li, Wenhong Chen, Joseph D. Straubhaar http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7044 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:44:41 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Privacy Versus Relatedness: Managing Device Use in Australia’s Remote Aboriginal Communities http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7051 <p>Aboriginal Australians living in remote communities are likely to be “mobile only” users. The sharing of devices among kin is common and linked to demand sharing practices that stretch back to presettler times. While sharing can produce benefits (acting as a form of insurance), it can also lead to privacy-related problems among this group, including illicit use of banking and social media accounts via shared devices. In this article, we examine the ways in which the aspect of Aboriginal sociality known as relatedness is interacting with online privacy frameworks designed for individual device use and device management. The findings suggest that the sociotechnical frameworks of platforms and devices do not accord with cultural dynamics, including obligations to others. Moreover, efforts by individuals and Elders to avoid privacy-related problems are leading to digital exclusion in various forms, from the deliberate destruction of devices to whole communities opting out of mobile infrastructure.</p> Ellie Rennie, Tyson Yunkaporta, Indigo Holcombe-James http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7051 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:44:32 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Socially Mediated Visibility: Friendship and Dissent in Authoritarian Azerbaijan http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7039 <p>Socially mediated visibility refers to <em>technical features</em> of social media platforms and the <em>strategic actions</em> of individuals or groups to manage the content and associations visible on social media channels, as well as inferences and consequences resulting from that visibility. As a root affordance, the visibility of content and associations shared in mediated settings can vary, with users typically retaining only partial control over visibility. Understanding how social and technical factors affect visibility plays a critical role in managing one’s online self-presentation. This qualitative study of young dissident Azerbaijanis (<em>N</em> = 29) considers the management strategies as well as the risks and benefits associated with increased visibility when sharing marginalized political views through social media. Socially mediated visibility helps dissidents advocate and connect with like-minded others, but also increases the likelihood that their dissent is visible to those who may disagree with it and can punish them for it. This study considers the effect of the visibility of dissent on peer relationships.</p> Katy E. Pearce, Jessica Vitak, Kristen Barta http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7039 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:44:21 -0800 Privacy at the Margins| Settler Governance and Privacy: Canada’s Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement and the Mediation of State-Based Violence http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7042 <p>In 2007, the Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement (IRSSA) was developed to redress the violent and assimilative history of residential schools in Canada. The records collected through the IRSSA represent the most comprehensive documentation of violence against Indigenous populations in Canada: data that range from personal testimonials and records, medical histories, and institutional documents to tested legal statements regarding physical and sexual abuse and its effects. The implementation of the IRSSA has been punctuated by legal conflicts that mobilize discourses and laws centering on liberal-conceived rights concerning access to information and privacy. In this article, we examine how liberal discourses of privacy knowledge and uses of privacy law inform histories and futures of Indigenous and settler memory in the context of state-based violence. The article reveals how liberal notions of privacy, when mobilized alongside federally mandated policies of reconciliation, may reproduce the structural violence of settler colonial governance in liberal democracies.</p> Lara Fullenwieder, Adam Molnar http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7042 Thu, 01 Mar 2018 17:44:06 -0800 <b>Digital Traces in Context| Digital Traces in Context — An Introduction</b> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8650 <p>A consequence of living in a media-saturated world is that we inevitably leave behind digital traces of our media use. In this introduction to the <em>International Journal of Communication</em>’s<em> </em>thematic section, we argue for a need to put those digital traces in context. As a starting point, we outline our basic understanding of digital traces, generally defining them as numerically produced correlations of disparate kinds of data that are generated by our practices in a media environment characterized by digitalization. On this basis, we distinguish three contextual facets that are of relevance when considering digital traces: first, the context of the scientific discourse in which research on digital traces is positioned; second, the context of the methods being applied to researching them; and third, the aforementioned context of the empirical field. With reference to the articles in this thematic section, this introduction argues that, in a single study, all three contextual facets interact as the scientific discourse relates to the methods being used, which in turn relates to the entire field of research.</p> Andreas Hepp, Andreas Breiter, Thomas N. Friemel http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8650 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:13:04 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Otherwise Engaged: Social Media from Vanity Metrics to Critical Analytics http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6407 <p>Vanity metrics is a term that captures the measurement and display of how well one is doing in the “success theater” of social media. The notion of vanity metrics implies a critique of metrics concerning both the object of measurement as well as their capacity to measure unobtrusively or only to encourage performance. While discussing that critique, this article focuses on how one may consider reworking the metrics. In a research project I call critical analytics, the proposal is to repurpose alt metrics scores and other engagement measures for social research and measure the “otherwise engaged” or other modes of engagement (than vanity) in social media, such as dominant voice, concern, commitment, positioning, and alignment. It thereby furnishes digital methods—or the repurposing of platform data and methods for social research—with a conceptual and applied research agenda concerning social media metrics.</p> Richard Rogers http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6407 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:12:57 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| 100 Billion Data Rows per Second: Media Analytics in the Early 21st Century http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6160 <p>This article describes the newest stage in the development of modern technological media. I call this stage “media analytics.” It follows the previous stages of massive reproduction (1500–), broadcasting (1920–), the use of computers for media creation workflows (1981–), the Web as global content creation and distribution network (1993–), and social media platforms (2004–), to name just a few such stages. Unlike other stages, the new stage is not focused on new mechanisms for creation, publishing, or distribution of media, although it also affects these operations. Instead, this new stage is about automatic computational <em>analysis</em> of the content of all online digital media, personal online behaviors and communication, and automatic actions based on this analysis.</p> Lev Manovich http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6160 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:12:48 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Google Maps as Cartographic Infrastructure: From Participatory Mapmaking to Database Maintenance http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5988 <p>Google Maps has popularized a model of cartography as platform in which digital traces are collected through participation, crowdsourcing, and user-data harvesting, and used to constantly improve the mapping service. Based on this capacity, Google Maps has now attained a scale, reach, and social role similar to the existing infrastructures that typically organize cartographic knowledge in society. After describing Google Maps as a configuration relying on characteristics from both platforms and infrastructures, this article investigates what this hybrid configuration means for public participation in spatial knowledge in society. First, this turn to infrastructure for Google has consequences for the status of public participation in mapmaking, which switches from creating content to providing database maintenance activities. Second, if Google Maps opens up cartography to participation, it simultaneously recentralizes this participatory knowledge to serve its corporate interests. In this hybrid configuration, cartographic knowledge is therefore simultaneously more participatory and more enclosed.</p> Jean-Christophe Plantin http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5988 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:12:40 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Political Agency, Digital Traces, and Bottom-Up Data Practices http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6709 <p>This theoretical article explores the bottom-up data practices enacted by individuals and groups in the context of organized collective action. Conversing with critical media theory, the sociology of social movements, and platform studies, it asks how activists largely reliant on social media for their activities can leverage datafication and mobilize social media data in their tactics and narratives. Using the notion of digital traces as a heuristic tool to understand the dynamics between platforms and their users, the article reflects on the concurrent materiality and discursiveness of digital traces and analyzes the evolution of political agency vis-à-vis the datafied self. It contributes to our understanding of “digital traces in context” by foregrounding human agency and the meaning-making activities of individuals and groups. Focusing on the possibilities opened up by digital traces, it considers how activists make sense of the ways in which social media structure their interactions. It shows<strong> </strong>how digital traces<strong> </strong>trigger a quest for visibility that is unprecedented in the social movement realm, and how they can function as particular “agency machines.”</p> Stefania Milan http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6709 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:12:31 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Tweets Are Not Created Equal. A Platform Perspective on Social Media Metrics http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5974 <p>This article offers an investigation into the developer ecosystem of platforms drawing on the specific case of Twitter and explores how third-party clients enable different “ways of being” on Twitter. It suggests that researchers need to consider digital data as traces of distributed accomplishments between platforms, users, interfaces, and developers. The argument follows three main steps: We discuss how Twitter’s bounded openness enables and structures distributed data production through grammatization of action. We then suggest ways to explore and qualify sources by drawing on a weeklong data set of nearly 32 million tweets, retrieved from Twitter’s 1% random sample. We explore how clients show considerable differences in tweet characteristics and degrees of automation, and outline methodological steps to deploy the source variable to further investigate the heterogeneous practices common metrics risk flattening into singular counts. We conclude by returning to the question about the measures of the medium, suggesting how they might be revisited in the context of increasingly distributed platform ecosystems, and how platform data challenge key ideas of digital methods research.</p> Carolin Gerlitz, Bernhard Rieder http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5974 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:12:22 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Reuniting a Divided Public? Tracing the TTIP Debate on Twitter and in Traditional Media http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5976 <p>The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) has evoked fundamental opposition in various European countries and in the United States Citizens’ initiatives and NGOs opposed the agreement, whereas many politicians from major parties supported it during the first years of negotiations. This contrast raises the question of whether the issue is being discussed differently on social media and traditional media. Using a comparative approach, we examine differences between the Twitter and traditional newspaper coverage to understand Twitter’s role within the overall media ecology. We found that tweets containing #TTIP reflect more unique events than national newspapers, although Twitter’s overall agenda is similar to traditional media’s. Over time, the sentiment of discussion on Twitter becomes more polarized and less balanced. The shift to negative sentiment goes hand in hand with a mobilization of TTIP opponents. The case of TTIP shows that integrated large-scale content analysis of tweets and newspaper coverage is valuable for analyzing the distinct characteristics of different media.</p> Gerret von Nordheim, Karin Boczek, Lars Koppeers, Elena Erdmann http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5976 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:12:13 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| From “Knowledge Brokers” to Opinion Makers: How Physical Presence Affected Scientists’ Twitter Use During the COP21 Climate Change Conference http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6016 <p>Professional norms of science have played an important role in discouraging scientists from raising their voices in public. However, they are increasingly using social media to discuss and publicize their research. This study investigates the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference summit and examines scientists’ social media use by analyzing “digital traces” that scientists left on social media during the summit. Using geolocated tweets, we compare the Twitter use of scientists who attended the conference with those who did not. Combining automated, quantitative, and qualitative content analysis, the study shows how scientists participating in the conference provided live reporting and formed a transnational network. Scientists at the conference and elsewhere engaged in political advocacy, indicating a shift toward a new pattern of hybrid science communication, which includes characteristics that have formerly been attributed to journalism and advocacy.</p> Stefanie Walter, Fenja De Silva-Schmidt, Michael Brüggemann http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6016 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:12:03 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Social Media Giveth, Social Media Taketh Away: Facebook, Friendships, and APIs http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6724 <p>The early aughts saw an explosion of interest in social network sites. Many such sites, including Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter expanded to become “platforms,” meaning they are both websites and distributors of data. These data would typically be distributed to third parties in privacy-sensitive ways and regulated by the platform. Such access is based on balancing three issues: user privacy, generativity (i.e., capacity for novelty) for third parties, and control for platforms. Platforms appear to be seeking progressively more control at the cost of generativity by severely restricting third-party access to data about the user’s friends. The reductions or outright lack of access means that the insights from our digital traces are no longer as knowable to either third parties or users. This article unpacks this shift by clarifying some of the technical issues involved (particularly APIs, the main means of external data access). The case study of social network visualization is used to exemplify how social network sites seek control at the expense of generativity. The article notes how this shift was done with little oversight.</p> Bernie Hogan http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6724 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:11:49 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Unraveling the App Store: Toward an Interpretative Perspective on Tracing http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5975 <p>Big data and its potential, use, and hopes seem to grow more valuable for commercial and research purposes alike. Nevertheless, problems start to arise as soon as the technical and epistemic potential of big data is overemphasized. Big data, like any other traces of human behavior, must be contextualized. This seems even more important since all types of digital traces are molded by specific operations and procedures as well as methods inscribed into digital infrastructures. These infrastructures are the necessary precondition for the emergence of digital traces, yet they pose a challenge for research because they are by no means static, but rather moving continuously. By reconstructing the trajectory of the UDID (unique device identifier) and its contested role within Apple’s App Store ecology, this article presents an empirical perspective on how the contexts and preconditions of tracing capabilities are the result of continuous negotiation processes. The method presented in the article bridges the debates on the moving architectures of digital media and the search for suitable process-driven approaches.</p> Tilo Grenz, Heiko Kirschner http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5975 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:11:37 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Self-Tracking Data as Digital Traces of Identity: A Theoretical Analysis of Contextual Factors of Self-Observation Practices http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5869 <p>Digital traces occur as a consequence of using digital devices or applications, but they can also be produced intentionally, as in the case of self-tracking activities. Self-tracking increases the amount of data that represents users’ or communities’ identity traces, and individuals, institutions, and companies are interested in analyzing these data, but few consider the framing conditions of the data collection, distribution, and evaluation. This article demonstrates how contextual factors influence self-observation data. Based on approaches of a sociology of quantification and a theoretical discussion of metadata in scientific research, it examines the individual, social, and technological contextual factors that influence the production, analysis, distribution, and interpretation of digital self-tracking data. The article develops systematization of the phenomenon of self-tracking data.</p> Bernadette Kneidinger-Müller http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5869 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:11:28 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Personal Data Contexts, Data Sense and Self-Tracking Cycling http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5925 <p>Few studies thus far have focused on how the sensory and embodied aspects of digitized self-tracking are entangled with its technological and spatial dimensions. To address these issues, we draw on the findings of a project that involved the use of digital sensory ethnography to identify the data practices of commuting cyclists in two Australian cities who monitor their rides using digital self-tracking devices. We focus on four key contexts in which our participants collected and interpreted their personal data: (1) affordances (the capacities of the technologies they used and the data thus generated), (2) spaces (the physical environments in which the participants prepared for, undertook, and completed their cycle trips), (3) senses (the embodied sensations involved in cycling, self-tracking, and responses to digital data), and (4) affects (the participants’ emotional responses to and about self-tracking and personal data). As we show, these contexts are intertwined, working together to contribute to people’s personal data collection practices and how they engage in data sense making.</p> Deborah Lupton, Sarah Pink, Christine Heyes LaBond, Shanti Sumartojo http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/5925 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:11:19 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Digital Traces and Personal Analytics: iTime, Self-Tracking, and the Temporalities of Practice http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6020 <p>This article examines digital traces related to the use of self-tracking devices in the context of digitally mediated iTime. These devices enable the continual production, representation, interpretation, and negotiation of varied traces of physical activity, time use, and temporal coordination. We focus on temporalities, exploring how the “tendencies” of iTime are being differentially produced, encountered, interpreted, and acted on in daily life. In-depth interviews with 25 individuals between 18 and 24 years of age are used to examine the contexts of trace production and analysis as they take place within different configurations of ordinary practice. First, we examine whether continuously self-tracked data alters people’s sense of the temporal possibilities of self-transformation. Second, we ask whether people’s encounters with, and analytics of, their traces alter how their daily life is temporally sequenced, coordinated, and experienced. Third, we consider if and in what ways quantified and visualized self-tracked data change the temporal meaning and value of media-related practices for those undertaking them. We show how digital traces are produced within, and become concrete elements of, the temporalities of practices.</p> Martin Hand, Michelle Gorea http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6020 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:11:09 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Appropriating Digital Traces of Self-Quantification: Contextualizing Pragmatic and Enthusiast Self-Trackers http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6581 <p>On the basis of a media ethnography of self-trackers and their self-quantification, we argue in this article that the ways related media technologies and digital traces are appropriated depends on the overall contexts of these self-trackers. There are at least three kinds of contexts that matter: first, the context of further practices, of which self-tracking and self-quantification are a part; second, the context of social figurations the self-trackers are involved in or related to; and, third, the context of societal discourses about the self in present societies. These contexts come together in two fundamental types of self-tracker, whom we call “pragmatists” and “enthusiasts.” These two types differ in the way they use digital traces for self-tracking and the meaning of self-tracking in their everyday lives. However, both types can be understood as an expression of a new form of constructing the self in times of deep mediatization.</p><p> </p> Ulrike Gerhard, Andreas Hepp http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/6581 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:10:59 -0800 Digital Traces in Context| Tracing Capitalism’s Turn to Data: Or, Contextualizing Daily Life’s New Data “Context” — Commentary http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8614 <p>This short response to the articles in this Special Section foregrounds the wider context of data traces in the development of capitalism. After analyzing the issue’s articles into three categories (dealing with epistemology, agency, and social consequences), the response argues that the biggest context of all to datafication is the current transformation of capitalism under which the production of value is focused on the extraction of value from data. What drives this? What implications does this have for the social domain and the micro-contexts of our practices with data? These are the larger issues toward which the articles in this Special Section all point.</p> Nick Couldry http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8614 Fri, 26 Jan 2018 16:10:47 -0800 Distributed Creativity on the Internet: A Theoretical Foundation for Online Creative Participation http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7621 <p>Starting from the premise that a deeper understanding of creativity as a sociopsychological process is a valuable foundation for analyzing contemporary practices of online creative participation, this article aims to forge a much-needed link between creativity research and online participation. Applying the lens of distributed creativity and integrating literature from across disciplines, we examine the distributed nature of online creativity along three key dimensions: social, material, and temporal. By analyzing online creative participation along these interrelated dimensions, a more nuanced and complex portrait of online creativity emerges—one that is sensitive to both sociocultural and technological influences, as well as to the way these factors intersect in online spaces. We theorize that, while all creativity is distributed, online creativity is paradigmatic in this regard; therefore, studying it in this light allows us to achieve a richer understanding of not only online creative dynamics, but also of creative action as a whole.</p> Ioana Literat, Vlad Petre Glaveanu http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7621 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 13:14:58 -0800 Stephen Coleman, <i>Can the Internet Strengthen Democracy?</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/9005 Niall P. Stephens http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/9005 Wed, 14 Mar 2018 16:28:57 -0700 Kylie Jarrett, <i>Feminism, Labor and Digital Media The Digital Housewife</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8796 <span><br /></span> Yuanjie Xia http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8796 Wed, 14 Mar 2018 16:26:02 -0700 Jeffrey Pomerantz, <i>Metadata</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8846 Marcia Mardis http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8846 Wed, 28 Feb 2018 08:07:53 -0800 Jason A. Smith and Bhoomi K. Thakore (Eds.), <i>Race and Contention in Twenty-First Century U.S. Media</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8850 Anastasia Kononova http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8850 Tue, 27 Feb 2018 15:27:31 -0800 Hakan G. Sicakkan (Ed.), <i>Integration, Diversity and the Making of a European Public Sphere</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8820 Cigdem Bozdağ http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8820 Tue, 27 Feb 2018 15:20:50 -0800 Charles Soukup, <i>Exploring Screen Culture Via Apple’s Mobile Devices: Life through the Looking Glass</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8812 Hanna E. Morris http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8812 Tue, 27 Feb 2018 15:17:43 -0800 Renée Desjardins, <i>Translation and Social Media: In Theory, in Training and in Professional Practice</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8807 Peixuan Lin, Linxin Liang http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8807 Tue, 27 Feb 2018 15:14:27 -0800 The Earnest Internet vs. the Ambivalent Internet http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8736 Ashley Hedrick, Dave Karpf, Daniel Kreiss http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8736 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:34:41 -0800 Zala Volčič and Mark Andrejevic (Eds.), <i>Commercial Nationalism: Selling the Nation and Nationalizing the Self</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8781 Terry Flew http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8781 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:30:01 -0800 Jonas Ohlsson, <i>The Nordic Media Market 2015 (Nordic Media Trends 13)</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8743 Ewa Sapiezynska http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8743 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 14:13:24 -0800 W. Russell Neuman, <i>The Digital Difference: Media Technology and Theory of Communication Effect</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8759 Niall P. Stephens http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8759 Wed, 14 Feb 2018 13:08:07 -0800 Maria Soledad Segura and Silvio Waisbord, <i>Media Movements: Civil Society and Media Policy Reform in Latin America</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8686 Jessica Roberts http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8686 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 14:57:15 -0800 Peter Simonson and David W. Park (Eds.), <i>The International History of Communication Studies</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8646 Xianbing Ke http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8646 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 14:54:22 -0800 Shakuntala Rao and Herman Wasserman (Eds.), <i>Media Ethics and Justice in the Age of Globalization</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8612 Monika Raesch http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8612 Mon, 29 Jan 2018 14:51:29 -0800 John Cheney-Lippold, <i>We Are Data: Algorithms and the Making of Our Digital Selves</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8680 Oscar Gandy http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8680 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 16:13:21 -0800 Mirko Tobias Schäfer and Karin van Es (Eds.), <i>The Datafied Society. Reviewed by Ester Appelgren</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8663 Ester Appelgren http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8663 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 16:10:43 -0800 Scott Timcke, <i>Capital, State, Empire: The New American Way of Digital Warfare</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8621 Sibo Chen http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8621 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 16:07:25 -0800 Sean Phelan, <i>Neoliberalism, Media and the Political</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8603 Oliver Boyd-Barrett http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8603 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 16:04:18 -0800 Mirko Tobias Schäfer and Karin van Es (Eds.), <i>The Datafied Society: Studying Culture Through Data</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8573 Min Wang http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8573 Tue, 16 Jan 2018 16:16:04 -0800 Jan Servaes and Toks Oyedemi (Eds.), <i>The Praxis of Social Inequality in Media: A Global Perspective</> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8567 Oscar Gandy http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8567 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 17:08:35 -0800 Jonathan Beller, <i>The Message is Murder: Substrates of Computational Capital</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8419 Daniel Lark http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8419 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 17:03:57 -0800 Pali U. K. De Silva and Candace K. Vance, <i>Scientific Scholarly Communication: The Changing Landscape</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8427 Ana Tomicic http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8427 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:59:04 -0800 Bilge Yesil, <i>Media in New Turkey: The Origins of an Authoritarian Neoliberal State</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8371 Meredith Pruden http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8371 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:52:12 -0800 Ramon Lobato and Julian Thomas, <i>The Informal Media Economy</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8359 Paolo Sigismondi http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8359 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:46:47 -0800 Kjetil Sandvik, Anne Mette Thorhauge, and Bjarki Valtysson (Eds.), <i>The Media and the Mundane: Communication Across Media in Everyday Life</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8333 Deborah Neffa Creech http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8333 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:42:24 -0800 Linje Manyozo, <i>Communicating Development with Communities</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8289 Winifredo Dagli http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8289 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:39:15 -0800 Des Freedman, <i>The Contradictions of Media Power</i> http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8013 Steve Macek http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/8013 Tue, 02 Jan 2018 16:33:42 -0800
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