Contents   Fixed field   Access points   0xx   1xx   2xx   3xx   4xx   5xx   6xx   7xx   8xx   9xx   Control subfields

956  Local Electronic Location and Access (R)

Record Type

BIB

Input Standards

Optional/Optional
1st Indicator  Access method
blank character No information provided
0 E-mail
1 FTP
2 Remote login (Telnet)
3 Dial-up
4 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
7 Method specified in subfield ǂ2
2nd Indicator  Relationship
blank character No information provided
0 Resource
1 Version of resource
2 Related resource
8 No display constant generated
Subfields (R=Repeatable  NR=Nonrepeatable) Input Standards
ǂa Host name (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂb Access number (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂc Compression information (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂd Path (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂf Electronic name (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂh Processor of request (R) Required if applicable/Require if applicable
ǂi Instruction (R) Optional/Optional
ǂj Bits per second (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂk Password (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂl Logon (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂm Contact for access assistance (R) Optional/Optional
ǂn Name of location of host(NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂo Operating system (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂp Port (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂq Electronic format type (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂr Settings (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂs File size (R) Optional/Optional
ǂt Terminal emulation (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂu Uniform Resource Identifier (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂv Hours access method available (R) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂw Record control number (R) Optional/Optional
ǂy Link text (R) Optional/Optional
ǂx Nonpublic note (R) Optional/Optional
ǂz Public note (R) Optional/Optional
ǂ2 Access method (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂ3 Materials specified (NR) Required if applicable/Required if applicable
ǂ6 Linkage (NR) System supplied/System supplied

Definition

The information required to locate and access a local electronic item that is not available to other libraries. This item might be restricted by password access or behind a firewall. Use field 956 in a bibliographic record for a resource when that resource or a subset of it is available electronically. In addition, use field 956 to locate and access an electronic version of a nonelectronic resource described in the bibliographic record of a related electronic resource.

Repeat field 956 when the location data elements vary (the URI in subfield ǂu or subfields ǂa, ǂb and ǂd, when used) and when more than one access method is used. Repeat field 956 also when different portions of the item are available electronically, mirror sites are recorded, different formats/resolutions with different URIs are indicated and related items are recorded.

Field 956 is not retained in the master record. It is retained in exported records and records delivered via other services.

1st Indicator

Access method. The method of access to the electronic resource. If the resource is available by more than one access method, repeat the field with data appropriate to each method. The methods defined are the main TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) protocols.

When recording a URI in subfield ǂu, the value corresponds to the access method (URI scheme) which is also the first element in the URI string.

 
blank character

No information provided. No information about the access method is provided.

 
0

E-mail. Access to the resource is through e-mail. Include information on subscribing to an electronic journal or electronic forum through software intended to be used by an e-mail system.

956 0   ǂu mailto:ejap@phil.indiana.edu ǂi ejap subscription
 
1

FTP. Access to the resource is through File Transfer Protocol (FTP).

956 1   ǂu ftp://path.net/pub/docs/urn2urc.ps
 
2

Remote login (Telnet). Access to the resource is through remote login. You may include information in the subfields to enable users to connect to the resource electronically. (This is equivalent to a URI telnet: scheme.)

956 2   ǂu telnet://pucc.princeton.edu ǂn Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.
 
3

Dial-up. Access to the electronic resource is through a conventional telephone line (dial up). Use subfields to record information that may enable the user to connect to the resource.

956 3   locis.loc.gov ǂb 140.147.254.3 ǂm lconline@loc.gov ǂt 3270 ǂt line mode (e.g., vt100) ǂv M-F 6:00 a.m.-21:30 p.m. USA EST, Sat 8:30-17:00 USA EST, Sun. 13:00-17:00 USA EST
 
4

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). Access to the electronic resource is through Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

956 4 0 ǂu http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/pmc/contents.all.htm
 
7

Method specified in subfield ǂ2 . Access to the resource is through a method other than the defined values and for which an identifying code is given in subfield ǂ2.

956 7   ǂ3 b&w film copy neg. ǂd dag ǂf 3d01926 ǂ2 file

2nd Indicator

Relationship. The relationship between the electronic resource at the location identified in field 956 and the item described in the record as a whole. Use subfield ǂ3 to provide further information about the relationship if it is not a one-to-one relationship.

 
blank character

No information provided. No information is provided about the relationship of the electronic resource to the bibliographic item described by the record.

 
0

Resource. The electronic location in field 956 is for the same resource described by the record as a whole. In this case, the item represented by the bibliographic record is an electronic resource. If the data in field 956 relates to a part of the resource represented by the record, use subfield ǂ3 to specify the portion(s) to which the field applies.

245 1 0 Proceedings of the Seminar on Cataloging Digital Documents, October 12-14, 1994 ǂh [electronic resource] / ǂc University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, and the Library of Congress
956 4 0 ǂu http://lcweb.loc.gov/catdir/semdigdocs/seminar.html
 
1

Version of resource. The location in field 956 is for an electronic version of the resource described by the record. In this case, the item represented by the bibliographic record is not electronic, but an electronic version is available. If the data in field 956 relates to a part of the resource represented by the record, use subfield ǂ3 to specify the portion(s) to which the field applies.

245 0 0 American quarterly.
956 4 1 ǂu http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/american%5Fquarterly/
 
2

Related resource. The location in field 956 is for an electronic resource related to the bibliographic item described by the record. In this case, the item represented by the bibliographic record is not the electronic resource itself. Use subfield ǂ3 to further characterize the relationship between the electronic item identified in field 956 and the item represented by the bibliographic record as a whole.

245 0 0 ǂk Papers, ǂf 1932-1970 ǂg (bulk 1932-1965)
956 4 2 ǂ3 Finding aid ǂu http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/ead/jackson.sgm
 
8

No display constant generated. The value that specifies that a display constant is not generated.

Subfields

 
ǂa Host name

The fully qualified domain (host name) of the electronic location. Repeat subfield ǂa if there is more than one address for the same host.

956 1   harvarda.harvard.edu ǂa harvarda.bitnet
ǂb Access number

The access number associated with a host. Use for Internet Protocol (IP) numeric address for an Internet resource. Use for a telephone number if access is through a telephone line (dial up). This data may change frequently and may be generated by the system, rather than statically stored.

956 2   anthrax.micro.umn.edu ǂb 128.101.95.23
ǂc Compression information

The information about the compression of a file. If a specific program is required to decompress the file, it is noted here. Repeat subfield ǂc if two compression programs are used. Enter the latest compression first.

956 1   maine.maine.edu ǂc Must be decompressed with PKUNZIP ǂf resource.zip
ǂd Path

The directory and subdirectory names in which the file is stored. Use subfield ǂf for the file name itself. Use subfield ǂd for a surrogate path to the host in which complete and current access information is stored.

956 1   wuarchive.wust1.edu ǂd /aii/admin/CAT.games ǂf mac-qubic.22.hqx
ǂf Electronic name

The electronic name of a file as it exists in the directory/subdirectory indicated in subfield ǂd on the host identified in subfield ǂa. Repeat subfield ǂf if a single logical file has been divided into parts and stored under different names. In this case, the separate parts should constitute a single bibliographic item. In all other cases, for a file that may be retrieved under different filenames, use multiple occurrences of field 956, each with its corresponding electronic name in subfield ǂf .

956 1   wuarchive.wust1.edu ǂd mirrors/info-mac/util ǂf color-system-icons.hqx

File names may include wildcard characters (e.g., * or ?). Use subfield ǂz to explain how the files are named.

ǂh Processor of request

The user name or processor of the request. Use for the data that precedes the at sign (@) in the host address.

956 0   uicvm.bitnet ǂf AN2 ǂh Listserv
ǂi Instruction

The instruction or command needed for the remote host to process a request.

956 0   uccvma.bitnet ǂf IR-L ǂh Listserv ǂi subscribe
ǂj Bits per second

The lowest and highest number of bits (binary units) of data that can be transmitted per second when connected to a host.

The syntax for recording the number of bits per second (BPS) is as follows: <Lowest BPS>-<Highest BPS>

  • If only the lowest is given: <Lowest BPS>-
  • If only the highest is given : -<Highest BPS>
956 0   ǂb 1-202-707-2316 ǂj 2400-9600 ǂn Library of Congress, Washington, DC ǂo UNIX ǂr E-7-1
ǂk Password

The password required to access the electronic resource. An FTP site may require the user to enter an Internet Protocol address or may require a specific password. Electronically accessed catalogs may also require a password. Use for general passwords, not for security passwords. Omit subfield ǂk if a system that requires a password will accept anything entered as valid. Use subfield ǂz for password instructions.

956 1   harvarda.harvard.edu ǂk guest
ǂl Logon

The characters needed to connect (e.g., logon or login) to an electronic resource or FTP site. An account number required for login may also be indicated. For many general-use File Transfer Protocol servers, access is gained by entering the string anonymous. Use to record general-use logon strings which do not require special security. Do not use for security passwords.

956 1   umnvm.bitnet ǂl anonymous
ǂm Contact for access assistance

The contact person at the host specified in subfield ǂa. For addresses relating to the content of the resource itself (i.e., the item represented by the title recorded in field 245) rather than access assistance, use field 270. Also use field 270, if the address data is the same.

956 2   gopac.berkeley.edu ǂm Roy Tennant
ǂn Name of location of host

The conventional name of the location of the host in subfield ǂa, including its physical (geographic) location.

956 2   pucc.princeton.edu ǂn Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.
ǂo Operating system

The operating system used by the host specified in subfield ǂa. Conventions for the path and filenames may be dependent on the operating system of the host. For the operating system of the resource itself (i.e., the item represented by the title recorded in field 245), use field 753 subfield ǂc.

956 1   seq1.loc.gov ǂd /pub/soviet.archive ǂf k1famine.bkg ǂn Library of Congress, Washington, DC ǂo UNIX
ǂp Port

The part of the address that contains the process or service in the host.

956 2   madlab.sprl.umich.edu ǂn University of Michigan Weather Underground ǂp 3000
ǂq Electronic format type

The electronic format type which is the data representation of the resource, e.g., text/html, ASCII ( American National Standard Code for Information Interchange), executable application, JPEG image or Postscript file. It provides information to allow people or machines to decide about the usability of the encoded data (e.g., the hardware or software required to display or to execute the data). It also determines the file transfer mode or how the data is transferred through the network.

Usually, a text file can be transferred as character data, which generally restricts the text to characters in the ASCII character set (i.e., the basic Latin alphabet, digits 0–9, most punctuation marks and a few special characters). Text files with characters outside the ASCII set or non-textual data (e.g., computer programs or images) must be transferred using another binary mode. Electronic format type may be taken from enumerated lists such as registered Internet Media Types (MIME types).

956 4 0 ǂu http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm ǂq text/html
ǂr Settings

The settings used for transferring data.

  • Parity: the parity checking technique used. Parity values are:
    • O for odd
    • E for even
    • M for mark
    • S for space
    • N for none
  • Number Data Bits: the number of bits per character.
  • Number Stop Bits: the number of bits to signal the end of a byte.

The syntax is as follows: <Parity>-<Number Data Bits>-<Number Stop Bits>

  • If only the parity is given, the other elements of settings and their related hyphens are omitted: <Parity>
  • If one of the other two elements is given, the hyphen for the missing element is recorded in its proper position:
    • <Parity>-<Number Data Bits>-
    • <Parity>--<Number Stop Bits>
956 3   ǂb 1-202-70-72316 ǂj 2400-9600 ǂn Library of Congress, Washington, DC ǂo UNIX ǂr E-7-1 ǂt vt100 ǂz Requires logon and password
ǂs File size

The size of the file stored under the file name indicated in subfield ǂf. Size is generally expressed in terms of 8-bit bytes (octets). Repeat subfield ǂs and place it after the subfield ǂf to which it applies, if needed. Do not enter this information for electronic journals since the field relates to the entire title, not to a particular issue.

956 0   keptvm.bitnet ǂf acadlist file1 ǂs 34,989 bytes ǂf acadlist file2 ǂs 32,876 bytes ǂf acadlist file3 ǂs 23,987 bytes
ǂt Terminal emulation

The emulation supported to specify a remote login. Use with 1st indicator value 2.

956 2   maine.maine.edu ǂn University of Maine ǂt 3270
ǂu Uniform Resource Identifier

The Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), for example a URL or URN, provides electronic access data in a standard syntax. Use for automated access to an electronic item using one of the Internet protocols or by resolution of a URN. The structure of field 956 allows for the creation of a URI from the concatenation of the other 956 subfields. Use subfield ǂu instead of those separate subfields or in addition to them. Repeat subfield ǂu if digital object has multiple identifiers (URIs).

956 1   ǂu ftp://path.net/pub/docs/urn2urc.ps

For information about subfield ǂu, see Control Subfields.

ǂv Hours access method available

The hours that access to the electronic resource indicated in field 956 is available. For systems and services, use field 307, not subfield ǂv.

956 2   pac.carl.org ǂb 192.54.81.128 ǂm CARL Situation Room ǂm help@CARL.org ǂn CARL Systems, Inc., Denver, CO ǂv 24 hours
ǂw Record control number

The system control number of the related record. Precede the number with a MARC code for the agency to which the control number applies. Enclose the MARC agency code in parentheses. The data in subfield ǂw links field 956 to the MARC record having the same data in a control number field. See MARC Code List for Organizations (http://www.loc.gov/marc/organizations/orgshome.html), which also includes links to Canadian, United Kingdom, and German MARC Organization Code lists.

ǂy Link text

The link text that is used for display in place of the URL in subfield ǂu. When subfield ǂy is present, applications should use the contents of subfield ǂy as the link, instead of the content of subfield ǂu when linking to the destination in subfield ǂu. Subfield ǂu is independent of the 2nd indicator value.

956 4   ǂu http://fdl.fcla.edu:80/cgi-bin/cgiwrap/fdl/fdlcgi/ZKVIEWFA00000011/file2.pdf ǂy Electronic resource (PDF)
ǂx Nonpublic note

A note pertaining to the electronic location of the source identified in the field that is in a form not adequate for public display. A nonpublic note may contain processing information about the file at the location specified.

956 1   wuarchive.wust1.edu ǂc decompress with PKUNZIP.exe ǂd /mirrors2/win3/games ǂf atmoids.zip ǂx cannot verify because of transfer difficulty
ǂz Public note

A note pertaining to the electronic location of the source identified in the field that is in a form adequate for public display.

956     ǂu http://www.ref.oclc.org:2000 ǂz Address for accessing the journal using authorization number and password through OCLC FirstSearch Electronic Collections Online. Subscription to online journal required for access to abstracts and full text
ǂ2 Access method

The code defined for use with 1st indicator value 7. Use subfield ǂ2 to record access methods other than the four main TCP/IP protocols specified in the 1st indicator.

The data in this subfield corresponds with the access schemes specified in Uniform Resource Locators (URL), a product of the Uniform Resource Identifiers Working Group of the IETF.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintains a registry of URL schemes and defines the syntax and use of new schemes.

LC includes an authoritative list based on that standard in the Electronic Access Methods Code List (http://www.loc.gov/standards/valuelist/electronaccess.html).

956 7 0 ǂu gopher://gopher.lib.virginia.edu:70/00/alpha/bmcr ǂ2 gopher
ǂ3 Materials specified

The part of the described materials to which the field applies.

956 0   ǂ3 Finding aid to the Edgar F. Kaiser papers ǂa gopher.berkeley.edu ǂb 128.224.55 ǂk guest ǂl anonymous ǂm Reference Services, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, tel. 510-642-6481 ǂn The Library, University of California, Berkeley ǂo UNIX ǂp 70 ǂq binary ǂs 2,394,394,444 ǂx The finding aid to the Kaiser papers is currently under revision. ǂz For further information about shipbuilding files, contact The Bancroft Library Reference
ǂ6 Linkage

Data that link fields when non-Latin script is entered. This subfield is system supplied and does not appear in OCLC online displays. Do not add subfield ǂ6. For more information about subfield ǂ6, see Control Subfields.

Indexing

Field 956 is not indexed.

This page last revised: October 13, 2017
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