Contents 1 Diacritics 2 Peoples and their languages 3 Personal names 4 Place names 5 See also 6 Notes


Diacritics[edit] Main page: Wikipedia:Manual of Style § Foreign terms It has been suggested that this section be merged into Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Spelling and romanization. (Discuss) Proposed since December 2017. Foreign proper names written in languages which use the Latin alphabet can include characters with diacritics, ligatures and others that are not commonly used in present-day English. Wikipedia normally retains these special characters, except where there is a well-established English spelling that replaces them with English standard letters. For example, the name of the article on Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős is spelt with the double acute accent, and the alternative spellings Paul Erdös and Paul Erdos redirect to that article. Similarly the name of the article on the Nordic god Ægir is so spelt, with redirects from the ligature-free form Aegir and the Swedish spelling Ägir. However, the Spanish region named Aragón in Spanish is given as Aragon, without the accent, as this is the established English name. A group of editors, such as a wikiproject, cannot "prohibit" diacritics in a category of articles.[a]


Peoples and their languages[edit] Main page: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (languages) Where a common name exists in English for both a people and their language, that term is preferred, as in Swahili people and Swahili language rather than Waswahili and Kiswahili.


Personal names[edit] See also: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (people) and Wikipedia:WikiProject Anthroponymy Personal names are the names given to people, but can be used as well for some animals (like race horses) and natural or man-made inanimate objects (like ships and geological formations). As proper nouns, these names are almost always first-letter capitalized. Exceptions are made when the lowercase variant has received regular and established use in reliable third party sources. In these cases, the name is still capitalized when at the beginning of a sentence, per the normal rules of English. Most recent personal names have but one correct spelling,[dubious – discuss] although presentation (use of initials, middle names, nicknames, etc.) can vary and still be correct. In these cases, it is best to use a recognizable form. The most complete name should appear at the beginning of the article to provide maximum information. Inclusion of middle names or initials when they are widely known, can be a useful form of disambiguation if there is more than one person known by that name. This can be particularly useful in disambiguating family members with very similar names (e.g., George W. Bush, George P. Bush, George H. W. Bush). However, if the person is conventionally known by only their first and last names and disambiguation is not required, any middle names should be omitted. Names from history are less certain as to spelling, for a variety of reasons, but the further back one goes the less particular societies were about exact spellings, so variations are more likely to exist. Experts in specific fields of history should provide input to decisions where these must be made or a controversy arises. A readily accessible and authoritative source for the accepted name of a person who has written books, or who has been written about, is the U.S. Library of Congress Authorities database, which provides the accepted name and variant names used by the British Library, the National Library of Canada, and other English language libraries. Redirect pages can insure that all variants lead to the desired article.


Place names[edit] See also: Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names) Geographical or place names are the nouns we use to refer to specific places and geographic features. These names most often give rise to conflict, because the same places are called different things by different peoples speaking different languages. This is an English-language encyclopedia, so established English names are preferred if they exist, and spellings in non-English alphabets should always be transcribed into the Roman alphabet. In general, other articles should refer to places by the names which are used in the articles on those places, according to the rules described at Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names). If a different name is appropriate in a given historical or other context, then that may be used instead, although it is normal to follow the first occurrence of such a name with the standard modern name in parentheses. At the start of an article, provide notable equivalent names from other languages, including transcriptions where necessary: Cologne (German: Köln, IPA: [kœln]) is the … Mount Fuji (富士山 Fuji-san, IPA: [ɸuʥisaɴ]) is the … Names in languages with no particular present-day or historical ties to the place in question (English excepted, of course) should not be listed as alternatives. Many place names have a historical context that should be preserved, but common sense should prevail. There can be few places that have not been parts of more than one culture or have had only one name. An article about Junipero Serra should say he lived in Alta Mexico not the U.S. state of California because the latter entity did not exist at the time of Junipero Serra. The Romans invaded Gaul, not France, and Thabo Mbeki was the president of the Republic of South Africa, not of the Cape Colony. To be clear, you may sometimes need to mention the current name of the area (for example "in what is now France"), especially if no English name exists for that area in the relevant historical period.


See also[edit] Wikipedia:Naming conventions (political parties) Wikipedia:Naming conventions (fauna) Wikipedia:Naming conventions (flora) Wikipedia:Technical terms and definitions


Notes[edit] ^ See: Near-unanimous RfC; repeated deletion at WP:Miscellany for deletion of an anti-diacritics "wikiproject", [1]; and the policy WP:Consensus § Levels of consensus. v t e Manual of Style Overview Directory Tips Content Accessibility Biographies Disambiguation pages Infoboxes Linking Self-references Words to watch Formatting Abbreviations Capitalization Dates and numbers Pronunciation Proper names Spelling Text formatting Titles Images Captions Galleries Icons Images Layout Layout Lead section Tables Trivia sections Lists Embedded lists Lists Lists of works Road junctions Stand-alone lists Legal Legal Trademarks Arts Anime & Manga Comics Film Lyrics and Poetry Novels Television Video games Visual arts Writing about fiction Music Music Music samples Record charts Regional Canada China France Hawaii India Ireland Japan Korea Malaysia Philippines Poland Singapore Trinidad and Tobago Religion Islam Latter Day Saints Science Chemistry Computer commands Mathematics Medicine Taxonomy Sports Cue sports Snooker Related Article size Article titles Categories, lists, and navigation templates Categorization Citing sources Hatnotes Military history Signatures Subpages Talk page guidelines Template namespace Understandability User pages Wikimedia sister projects WikiProjects Search Book Category Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Proper_names&oldid=815463949" Categories: Wikipedia Manual of Style (formatting)Hidden categories: Items to be merged


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