A Cube of Sugar

A Cube of Sugar (Persian: یک حبه قند, Yek Habbeh Ghand or Ye Habbeh Ghand) is a 2011 Iranian drama film directed by Seyyed Reza Mir-Karimi.Busan International Film Festival on 8 October 2011.

On 24 September 2012, the film was selected as the Iranian entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards.YouTube titled Innocence of Muslims that originated in the United States.Reuters reported that Iran's Culture and Islamic Guidance Minister Mohammad Hosseini had confirmed that Iran would boycott.

Plot

The film features two concurrent stories: the main plot centering on Pasandideh, and a subplot focusing on Hormoz. The main plot chronicles a day of life in a very traditional Iranian family. Pasandideh, the youngest girl in the family, lives with her mother, her old uncle, and aunt. They live in an old house in a village. She is soon supposed to marry a family friend's grandson, who is studying abroad in a western country. Everything is already arranged for Pasandideh's marriage, and all of her sisters arrive at the old house one by one.

Meanwhile, Hormoz, the husband of Pasandideh's sister, has recently been released from prison. With the aid of Hamid, the husband of another sister of Pasandideh, he tries to find a treasure. They believe it is buried somewhere in Pasandideh's house and sneak around while the marriage ceremony is taking place.

Cast

  * Puneh Abdolkarim-Zadeh as Shamsi
  * Amir Hossein Arman as Ghasem
  * Farhad Aslani as Haj Naser
  * Shamsi Fazlollahi as Uncle's wife
  * Hedayat Hashemi as Hamid
  * Asghar Hemmat as Hormoz
  * Negar Javaherian as Pasandideh
  * Reza Kianian as Jafar
  * Baran Kosari as Grooms Relative
  * Rohullah Mofidi as Doctor
  * Parivash Nazarieh as Masumeh
  * Saeed Poursamimi as Uncle Ezzatolah
  * Rima Raminfar as Azam

Release

Acclaimed film producer Abbas Kiarostami designed one of the posters that was used to promote A Cube of Sugar.


A Cube of Sugar

Awards and accolades

  * Iran Cinema Celebration:
      + Won: Best Poster
      + Nominated: Best Film (Reza Mirkarimi), Best Director (Mirkarimi), Best Actor (Saeed Poursamimi)
  * Fajr Film Festival 2011: Best Costume Design (nominated)
  * Fajr Film Festival 2011: Best Soundboard (Bahman Ardalan, nominated)
  * Fajr Film Festival 2011: Best Actress (Rima Raminfar, nominated)
  * List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
  * List of Iranian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
  * A Cube of Sugar at IMDb


C9H10Cl2N4

The molecular formula C9H10Cl2N4 (molar mass: 245.10 g/mol, exact mass: 244.0283 u) may refer to:

  * Aganodine
  * Apraclonidine


CSE Insurance Group

CSE Insurance Group, headquartered in Walnut Creek, California, is an American provider of property and casualty insurance. The company sells policies through the independent agent channel with roughly 700 agencies carrying their products, as well as through an online and phone direct marketing center.

About

Both channels market the products: homeowners, auto, landlords, boat, liability, commercial and umbrella insurance. Areas of operation include Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Virginia, Washington and Washington D.C.

The company is a subsidiary of the Covéa Insurance Group (Société de Groupe d'Assurance Mutuelle Covéa) headquartered in Paris, France.

History

CSE was founded in 1949 in San Francisco, California by Nelson Nichols. Originally, the company served only firefighters, police officers, postal workers and other government employees.

  * In 1980, CSE extended its offerings to the general public.
  * In 2009, CSE relocated from San Francisco, to Walnut Creek.
  * In 2010 and 2011, CSE was included in Ward's 50 for top performing companies in the Property Casualty field.

A.M. Best Company has Given CSE Insurance Group a rating of A− (Excellent) and an issuer credit rating of A−.

  * CSE Insurance Group website
  * CSEAA - CSE Agents Association


Brian Hinton

Brian Hinton, MBE (born 21 September 1950) is an English poet and musicologist. In June 2006 he was honoured in H. M. the Queen's Birthday Honours List with an MBE for services to the Arts.

Education

Born in Southampton, Hinton studied English at Magdalen College, Oxford, where he served as President of the Oxford University Poetry Society, and went on to receive a PhD in Twentieth Century English poetry at Birmingham University. He completed a postgraduate diploma in information science and represents the policy forum on the Southwestern branch committee of Cilip, the professional body representing librarians and information workers.

Career

Hinton is the author of more than thirty books on various topics. His primary interest has been literary researches into the circle of Alfred Tennyson on the Isle of Wight in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, especially in regard to the photographer Julia Margaret Cameron. Hinton is Chairman of the Julia Margaret Cameron Trust and curator at Dimbola Lodge, Freshwater.Farringford Tennyson Society. Hinton is an Associate Editor of the international literary magazine, Tears in the Fence and co-hosted the Tears in the Fence London readings from 2001 to 2004 at John Calder's Bookshop, The Cut, Waterloo, London, with David Caddy.

He has organised photographic exhibitions by David Bailey, Charlton Heston, Koo Stark and many others at Dimbola Lodge. In June 2009, he organised a photographic exhibition by American singer and songwriter Patti Smith that took place at Dimbola Lodge.

With publication of his unauthorised study of the music and life of Van Morrison, Celtic Crossroads: The Art of Van Morrison, the song "New Biography" was composed by the artistBack on Top.

Hinton is the model for the character Dr T.C.P. Hinton in Iain Sinclair's novel, Downriver (1991) and appeared in Iain Sinclair and Christopher Petit's Channel 4 film, The Cardinal and the Corpse (1992), alongside Derek Raymond (Robin Cook), Emanuel Litvinoff and Martin Stone.


Brian Hinton

He has appeared many times on radio and television and was featured in May 2009 on the BBC Poetry Season discussing Tennyson in BBC Four's Changing of the Bard, presented by Ian Hislop. This programme was repeated on BBC Two. Hinton has played the character, Randolph Minton M.P., in the internet drama serial, Middle Ditch, since 2007, starring among others: David Caddy and Gordon Haskell.

Publications

Poetry

  * The Heart's Clockwork (Enitharmon Press 1989) illustrated by Julian Bell
  * Whodunnit (Ure Press 1994)
  * Ties (Tears in the Fence 1995)

Music books

  * Joni Mitchell: Both Sides Now (Sanctuary 1995)
  * Celtic Crossroads – The Art of Van Morrison (Sanctuary 1996)
  * Message to Love: Isle of Wight Festival, 1968, 1969, 1970 (Sanctuary 1996)
  * Let Them All Talk: Elvis Costello (Sanctuary 1997)
  * Country Roads: How Country Came To Nashville (Sanctuary 2000)
  * Ashley Hutchings (Helter Skelter 2002)
  * South By South-West: A Road Map of Alternative Country (Sanctuary 2003)
  * Bold As Love: the return of the Isle of Wight Festival (Solo 2005)
  * Bob Dylan Album File and Complete Discography (Cassel Illustrated 2006 /Universe USA 2006)

Literature

  * Discovering Island Writers: Exploring the Literary Tradition of the Isle of Wight (Island Books 2001), revised edition 2007
  * Dr. Brian Hinton MBE
  * Dimbola Lodge


Evoloko Jocker

Evoloko Atshuamo, best known as Evoloko Jocker (sometimes spelled Joker)Lay Lay, is a popular congolese soukous singer.Zaiko Langa Langa, Isifi Lokole, and Langa Langa Stars.

Biography


Evoloko Jocker

Evoloko was born in Belgian Congo (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo). He began his career in Zaiko Langa Langa, one of the biggest Congolese soukous bands, in 1969. His talent was so enthusiastically acclaimed by the public that he quickly became the frontman and band leader. Along with other musicians including Papa Wemba, Mavuela Somo, Gina Efonge, they created cavacha, a sound and dance style that became a trademark of Zaiko and a craze in East Africa in the 1970s. He wrote the best song of the year in 1973 (Onassis Ya Zaire)


Evoloko Jocker

Ya Zaire) and again in 1974 (Eluzam). The huge success of these two songs and the cavacha dance established Zaiko Langa Langa as the top band for young people in the country. It is safe to say that Evoloko is the recording artist who put Zaiko on the map. He was the best and most prolific songwriter in the band, the lead singer, the best dancer. He was the guy who was drawing the crowd, who was electrifying the audience at the band's performances. He was the first recording artist of his generation to reach superstardom status


Evoloko Jocker

reach superstardom status in the country. In 1974 at the top of his career, he left Zaiko and together Papa Wemba, Mavuela Somo, Bozi Boziana, they formed the band Isifi Lokole. After six months of incredible success, a fight for leadership and mistrust led to the dismantling of the band. Mavuela Somo, Papa Wemba and Bozi Boziana decided to leave the Isifi Lokole band to form a new band, Yoka Lokole. Evoloko later renamed the band Isifi Melodia, welcomed new band members, including Djanana, Mr Gim's father, and guitar player Popolipo.


Evoloko Jocker

guitar player Popolipo. The band struggled to find success and eventually, Evoloko decided to end his solo career and returned to Zaiko. He left Zaiko Langa Langa again in 1981 and, joined by other band members of Zaiko Langa Langa as well as Papa Wemba's band, they formed the band Langa Langa Stars. With the financial support of Kiamuangana Verckys, the band released hit after hit and had enormous success in the country. It included several popular musicians, including Bozi Boziana, Dindo Yogo, and Djanana. They came up with a very popular dance, mbiri


Evoloko Jocker

popular dance, mbiri mbiri. After 2 to 3 years of success, key band members began to quit. Evoloko recruited new musicians and got some success between 1984 and 1986. He relocated to Europe around 1989. After Langa Langa Stars, Evoloko kept playing either in solo projects or with other short-lived groups, such as Langa Langa Rénové (2008). He also occasionally collaborated with his original band, Zaiko Langa Langa.


Evoloko Jocker

Partial discography

With Zaiko Langa Langa

  * Onassis Ya Zaire
  * Eluzam
  * Mbeya Mbeya
  * Fievre Mondo

With Langa Langa Stars

  * Requiem
  * Monama
  * Kalolo
  * Done' Done'
  * La belle de Bangui
  * Soleil
  * Mingalina B 52

With Langa Langa Stars Renove'

  * Mbonge Mbonge
  * Samedi Soir
  * Evoloko Jocker at Artist Direct


Cipriano Pons

Cipriano Pons (17 March 1890 – 20 June 1985) was an Argentine fencer.épée competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

  * Cipriano Pons at Olympedia


Bohumila Bloudilová

Bohumila Bloudilová (March 19, 1876 –Josef Sudek.

Her father Jan married Anna Sudkova on February 15, 1873. From 1894, she worked in the František Krátký photography studio in Cologne, where she also studied. Since 1906, aged 30, she operated her own studio in Kolín.

The studio had an area of about sixty square meters, a contemporary period studio furnished for daylight photography, with a glass wall facing north. The studio ceased to operate on July 1, 1932.


Chisquilla District

Chisquilla is one of 12 districts of the Bongará Province in the Amazonas region in Peru. Chisquilla, competitive, productive district, and, articulated to the national markets, with an agricultural sustainable diversity, promoter of an integral development, model of local management participativa and democratic; propitiating feeling of solidarity and cultural identification.

Administrative division

The populated places in the district are:

  * Chisquilla
  * Señoria
  * Chilac
  * Chirosh
  * California
  * Callejon
  * Puerto el Milagro
  * Shotaran
  * Chinchango
  * Puerto Arturo
  * Tialango
  * Conejo
  * Galurco
  * Payo
  * yerba Buena
  * Ganso Azul

Population

The population of Chisquilla is 352 people, 167 men and 185 women.

  * Chisquilla district official website

5°53′S 78°44′W / 5.883°S 78.733°W


Helen Marguerite Muir-Wood

Helen Marguerite Muir-Wood MBE (1895-16 January 1968) was a British paleontologist and historian of paleontology who spent her career at London's Natural History Museum. She is a recipient of the prestigious Lyell Medal for her contributions to the field.

Biography

Born in Hampstead, England, Helen Marguerite Muir-Wood studied geology at the University of London's Bedford College under Catherine Raisin. In 1919, she took a part-time job at the London Natural History Museum, rising through the ranks of geology assistants to become, in 1955, the first woman appointed Deputy Keeper of Palaeontology for the museum. She officially retired in 1961 but continued to do some work at the museum for another four years.

Muir-Wood was an authority on the shelled marine animals known as brachiopods, especially fossil types found in the British isles, the Middle East, India, and Malaysia. She published extensively on brachiopods and co-authored the section on brachiopods in the 1965 survey Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology.

In 1930, she was awarded the Lyell Fund by the Geological Society of London, and in 1958 she was honored with the Lyell Medal. On her retirement, she was awarded the Order of the British Empire for her services to the museum.

She died in Hampstead in 1968.

Selected publications

Two views of the brachial valve of Septirhynchia pulchra, from Muir-Wood and Cooper (1951).


Helen Marguerite Muir-Wood

* Lang, William Dickson; Spath, Leonard Frank; Cox, Leslie Reginald; Muir-Wood, Helen Marguerite (1928). "The Belemnite Marls of Charmouth, a Series in the Lias of the Dorset Coast". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 84 (1–4): 179–222. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1928.084.01-04.06. S2CID 131695455.
  * Muir-Wood, Helen M. (1934). "On the internal structure of some Mesozoic Brachiopoda". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. 223 (494–508): 511–567. Bibcode:1934RSPTB.223..511M. doi:10.1098/rstb.1934.0012. JSTOR 92240.
  * —— (1935). "Jurassic Brachiopoda". The Mesozoic Palaeontology of British Somaliland, Geology and Palaeontology of British Somaliland Volume 2. London: Colonial Office. pp. 75–147.
  * —— (1936). "A Monograph on the Brachiopoda of the British Great Oolite Series. Part I. The Brachiopoda of the Fuller's Earth". Monographs of the Palaeontographical Society. 89 (404): i-144. doi:10.1080/02693445.1936.12035649.
  * —— (1948). Malayan Lower Carboniferous fossils and their bearing on the Visean palaeogeography of Asia. London: British Museum (Natural History).
  * ——; Cooper, Gustav Arthur (1951). "A new species of the Jurassic brachiopod genus Septirhynchia". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 116 (6).
  * —— (1955). A history of the classification of the phylum Brachiopoda. London: British Museum (Natural History).


Helen Marguerite Muir-Wood

* —— (1959). Report on the Brachiopoda of the John Murray Expedition. John Murray Expeditions 1933-34 Scientific Reports. Vol. X, No 6. London: British Museum (Natural History). pp. 283–317.
  * —— (1962). On the Morphology and Classification of the Brachiopod suborder Chonetoidea. London: British Museum (Natural History).
  * (Ager, Derek V). "Helen Marguerite Muir-Wood". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 80:1 (1969) 122–24.
  * Owen, Ellis F. "Dr. H.M. Muir-Wood". Nature 27:5135 (1968) 1294–95.


Dionysius of Chalcedon

Dionysius of Chalcedon (Greek: Διονύσιος; fl. 320 BC)Greek philosopher and dialectician connected with the Megarian school. He was a native of Chalcedon on the coast of Bithynia.Dialecticians to describe a splinter group within the Megarian school "because they put their arguments into the form of question and answer".definitions,Aristotle criticises a definition of life by Dionysius in his Topics:

This is, moreover, what happens to Dionysius' definition of "life" when stated as "a movement of a creature sustained by nutriment, congenitally present with it"

Dionysius is also reported to have taught Theodorus the Atheist.

  * Dorandi, Tiziano (1999). "Chapter 2: Chronology". In Algra, Keimpe; et al. (eds.). The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 9780521250283.
  * Craig, Edward (1998). "Dialectical School". Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. ISBN 978-0415073103.
  * Laërtius, Diogenes (1925). "Socrates, with predecessors and followers: Anaximander" . Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. Vol. 1:2. Translated by Hicks, Robert Drew (Two volume ed.). Loeb Classical Library. § 98, 106.


C9H12N2O6

The molecular formula C9H12N2O6 (molar mass: 244.20 g/mol, exact mass: 244.0695 u) may refer to:

  * Uridine
  * Pseudouridine


A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories

First English-language edition
publ. Farrar Straus & Giroux

A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories is a 1973 book of short stories written by Isaac Bashevis Singer. It shared the 1974 National Book Award for Fiction with Gravity's Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon.Yiddish (Singer's language of choice for writing) by Singer, Laurie Colwin, and others.

Contents

The stories appear in the following sequence:

  * "A Crown of Feathers"
  * "A Day in Coney Island"
  * "The Captive"
  * "The Blizzard"
  * "Property"
  * "The Lantuch"
  * "The Son from America"
  * "The Briefcase"
  * "The Cabalist of East Broadway"
  * "The Bishop's Robe"
  * "A Quotation from Klopstock"
  * "The Magazine"
  * "Lost"
  * "The Prodigy"
  * "The Third One"
  * "The Recluse"
  * "A Dance and a Hop"
  * "Her Son"
  * "The Egotist"
  * "The Beard"
  * "The Dance"
  * "On a Wagon"
  * "Neighbors"
  * "Grandfather and Grandson"

Reception

Alfred Kazin noted in his 1974 review of the book in The New York Times that: "Isaac Bashevis Singer is an extraordinary writer. And this new collection of stories, like so much that he writes, represents the most delicate imaginative splendor, wit, mischief and, not least, the now unbelievable life that Jews once lived in Poland."

  * A Crown of Feathers, by Isaac Bashevis Singer; A Shtetl and Other Yiddish Novellas, edited by Ruth R. Wisse a review by Johanna Kaplan, published on February 2, 1974, in Commentary Magazine


Brent Bambury

Brent Bambury (born 1960)Canadian radio and television personality. He has hosted a number of radio and television programs for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation since the 1980s, and is currently heard as host of the weekly current affairs series Day 6 on CBC Radio One and Public Radio International.

A native of Saint John, New Brunswick,CBD-FM in Saint John,Halifax as a reporter while studying English at Dalhousie University.Montreal, becoming a correspondent for CBC Stereo's Brave New Waves while pursuing a master's degree at McGill University,alternative rock and other countercultural programming in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

In the early 1990s, Bambury was also an entertainment reporter for CBC television's Midday.Kevin Newman,Brave New Waves went to Patti Schmidt.

In 2000, Midday ended its run. Bambury spent some time as a movie reviewer for Life Network's movie series Flick,CBC Newsworld and CBC Radio OneOff the Cuff, on CBC Radio One in 2001.Ottawa to take over as host of that station's afternoon current affairs program, All in a Day.Go, a nationally broadcast summer series which aired on Saturday mornings;

In 2005, Bambury gave up hosting duties of All in a Day,Toronto along with the production of Go.

In 2007, Bambury guest hosted an episode of CBC Radio 3's weekly chart show The R3-30.Test the Nation with Wendy Mesley on CBC Television.

Go broadcast its final episode in June 2010.Day 6.Q.

Bambury is openly gay.


Hassi Mefsoukh

Hassi Mefsoukh is a town and commune in Oran Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 7656.

35°47′N 0°20′W / 35.783°N 0.333°W


Hatsashen

40°26′N 43°46′E / 40.433°N 43.767°E

Hatsashen (Armenian: Հացաշեն) is a village in the Talin Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia.

  * Hatsashen at GEOnet Names Server
  * Report of the results of the 2001 Armenian Census, Statistical Committee of Armenia


Hatsarat

40°20′34″N 45°06′48″E / 40.34278°N 45.11333°E

Hatsarat (also, Atsarat and Pashakend) is a town in the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia. The town contains a small domed church built in 898.

  * Gegharkunik Province
  * Hatsarat at GEOnet Names Server
  * Kiesling, Brady (June 2000). Rediscovering Armenia: An Archaeological/Touristic Gazetteer and Map Set for the Historical Monuments of Armenia (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 November 2021.


Hatstand, Table and Chair

Chair, Hatstand and Table, illustrated for Christie's auction in 2013

Hatstand, Table and Chair are a group of three erotic sculptures by British pop artist Allen Jones, created in 1969 and first exhibited in 1970. They have been described in retrospect as "emblematic of the spirit of the 1960s"feminists who saw them as an objectification of women.

Description

Hatstand, Table and Chair are three fibreglass sculptures of women transformed into items of furniture. They are each dressed with wigs, and are naked apart from their corsets, gloves and leather boots.Chair the woman lies curled on her back, a seat cushion on her thighs and her legs acting as a back rest. Table is a woman on all fours, with a sheet of glass supported on her back. For Hat Stand the woman is standing, 1.85 metres (73 in) tall,

Each fibreglass figure was produced from drawings by Jones. He oversaw a professional sculptor, Dick Beech, who produced the figures in clay. The three female figures were then cast by a model company, Gems Wax Models Ltd, who specialised in producing shop mannequins. Each figure was produced in an edition of six.

Jones explained that they weren't illustrations of scenes, but rather that "the figure is a device for a painting or a sculpture. It’s not a portrayal of someone – it’s a psychological construction."

Background

Allen Jones was one of the first of the 1960s British Pop artists, and produced paintings and prints. A 1968 set of prints, In Life Class, has been cited as an immediate predecessor of his chair, table and hatstand.

At the time of his 70th birthday Jones gave an explanation of his motives for creating the sculptures:

"I was living in Chelsea and I had an interest in the female figure and the sexual charge that comes from it. Every Saturday on the King's Road you went out and skirts were shorter, the body was being displayed in some new way. And you knew that the following week somebody would up the ante... I was reflecting on and commenting on exactly the same situation that was the source of the feminist movement. It was unfortunate for me that I produced the perfect image for them to show how women were being objectified."

Aftermath


Hatstand, Table and Chair

Aftermath

The sculptures were exhibited in 1970 and met with an outcry from feminists, who objected to women being made into items of furniture. The Guardian newspaper suggested the works should be banned from exhibition. Spare Rib magazine suggested the sculptures showed that Jones was terrified of women.

Jones was contacted by film director Stanley Kubrick with a view to creating similar sculptures for his new film, A Clockwork Orange. Jones turned down the request because no payment was offered.

According to art historian and curator, Marco Livingstone, writing in 2004:

"More than three decades later, these works still carry a powerful emotive charge, ensnaring every viewer's psychology and sexual outlook regardless of age, gender or experience. But a few moments of reflection should make it obvious that these works are manifestations of fantasy and the imagination, and that they poke fun at male expectations."

The 2008 music video for "No Can Do" by Sugababes was inspired by Jones' 1970 Chair sculpture, and features the group using men as objects such as cars, motorcycles and bridges.

A set of the sculptures was purchased by German playboy, Gunter Sachs, at the time of their release. His set was sold in 2012 at a Sotheby's auction for £2.6 million.Christie's

2014 parody

In 2014 a reinterpretation of Jones's Chair by Norwegian artist Bjarne Melgaard, using a mannequin of a black woman, created fresh controversy. Images of the chair on the fashion website Buro 24/7 were met with accusations of racism, when they showed a white woman, Dasha Zhukova, sitting on the seat.Chair was part of a collection of sculptures exhibited under the name Allen Jones Remake at the Venus Over Manhattan gallery, New York in 2013.

  * Human furniture
  * Nyotaimori


Burgos Airport

Burgos AirportSpanish: Aeropuerto de Burgos(IATA: RGS, ICAO: LEBG), also known as Villafría, is an airport located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the historic center of Burgos, a city in Spain. The company Aeronova has its maintenance headquarters in Villafría.

History

First flight as commercial airport in 2008

The origins of Villafría aerodrome date back to the 1920s, when a small aeronautical detachment was established in Gamonal, which served its purpose until it became too small to cope with the progress in aeronautics. After this, the government of King Alfonso XIII created the national Villafría Burgos airport by Royal Decree on 19 July 1927. On 3 January 1928, the Cabinet approved the construction of Burgos airport and, on the 15th of the same month, Villafría Town Hall agreed to cede the field called Gorreñal to the Superior Council of Military Aeronautics for the airport to be built there. As from 1936, the fields of Gamonal and Villafría joined their facilities, which went on to form a single aeronautical infrastructure.

On 8 August 1941, Burgos City Hall agreed to purchase a country estate of almost 300,000 square metres (3,200,000 sq ft) that formed part of the old Monte de Gamonal. On 10 November, the mayor offered this land to the Air Ministry. On 6 December, a decree granted the urgent installation of services and work to be carried out on the fields that it was trying to link.

In fact, the Air Ministry was founded in Burgos after the civil war, when the Military Aeronautical Service forces created by King Alfonso XIII in 1910 were modernised. These, in turn, were inherited from the Military Service Air Station, that belonged at the time to the Military Engineering Corp, established by the same monarch.

On 21 July 1949, the University Air Militia began its activities, after which 22 classes would form in its facilities, the offices of the latter being handed over in 1971. Villafría airdrome was opened to civil traffic in the autumn of that year. In 1973, what is now the Burgos Royal Flying Club was set up. Since then, and during the summer, the airport has hosted different teaching and training activities.


Burgos Airport

In August 1995, the Ministry of Defence signed an agreement with Burgos City Council making the Villafría aerodrome facilities exclusively for civil use. On 20 October 2000, the aerodrome was declared a site of general interest, directly managed by the central government, through Aena.

On 3 July 2008, the airport opened its doors to commercial flight operations. In order to do this, Aena has undertaken a series of measures, including the construction of a new terminal building with parking facilities, a multi-service building, a new runway and an aircraft parking apron.

Airlines and destinations

As of October 2022, Burgos Airport is not served by any scheduled flights.

Statistics

Annual passenger traffic at RGS airport. See Wikidata query.
Year  Passenger Numbers  Air Cargo (kg.)  Flight Operations
2008  13,037             0                1,501
2009  27,716             0                3,571
2010  33,595             1,766            3,559
2011  35,447             308              3,960
2012  21,057             0                2,904
2013  18,905             0                2,305
2014  21,583             3,493            2,418
2015  9,080              0                2,167
2016  4,682              350              1,750
2017  5,953              0                2,366
2018  10,341             1,600            2,112
2019  17,687             39,646           3,221

Ground transportation

Public transport

There is an urban bus that provides airport service to and from the center of Burgos. The route begins in Plaza de España and stops in the following streets: Belorado, Segovia, Avenida de Castilla y León, San Roque, Glorieta de Logroño, San Bruno, Pablo Ruiz Picasso, Real y Antigua, Vitoria 252, Alcalde Martín Cobos and from here to the airport terminal. The route from the airport to the center will be on a reverse route with stops in the next points: Martín Cobos, Vitoria 259, Real y Antigua, Vitoria 163, San Bruno, Antigua Academia de Ingenieros, San Roque, Avenida de Castilla y León, Avenida de la Paz 51, Antonio Machado and Plaza de España.


Burgos Airport

The route schedules depend on the time of the flight; the bus will depart from Plaza España to the airport an hour and one-half before a flight and from the airport to the center one-half hour after the arrival of a flight.

Car and taxi

Burgos Airport is located to the north east of the province capital city, on a broad plain between the neighbourhoods of Gamonal and Villafría de Burgos, where the N-120 road and A-1 highway (also called ring road BU-30) meet in a great roundabout. From here to the airport building, there is a 650 metres (0.40 mi) long road that ends opposite the terminal building. It takes a 10 minutes ride by car or taxi to get to the city centre. A taxi ride costs approximately €10 or slightly more.

There is a parking garage with a capacity of 188 cars, some semi-underground, for passengers coming with their own car.

  * Current weather for LEBG at NOAA/NWS
  * Burgos Airport official website (in English)


Cape Verde Rise

Map of the Atlantic Ocean featuring the Cape Verde Rise

The Cape Verde Rise is an oceanic feature that includes the Cape Verde Islands and the areas north and east of the islands and west of the African Continental Shelf as well as Mauritania and Senegal.

Description of the Cape Verde Rise at DSDP 368 area

Geography

The rise are bounded by the Canary Basin to the north and the Cape Verde Basin to the south. Numerous seamounts are located in the rise including the Cape Verde (or Cabo Verde) (Latin: sometimes as Extracapitis being off the cape), Cadamosto, Boa Vista, Nola and Senghor. The third and fourth are named after explorers of Cape Verde, the other, the founding father of Senegal. The highest point is 2,220 meters below sea level and the deepest is in the range of over 3,000 meters deep. In the east end of the rise is the Dakar Canyon. It ranges between the 14 and the 22° parallels north and is 900 km long. Near the rise is the westernmost point in Africa, Cap-Vert, northwest of the rise is the Santo Antão Ridge.

In the waters above the Cape Verde Rise is the Canary (or Canarian) Current to the north and the Equatorial Atlantic Current around the south of the rise.

Nola Seamount may be the tallest seamount within Cape Verde with its elevation ranging from 60–70 meters deep, and probably the Cape Verde Rise.

Fracture zones

Over 1,500 km west of the rise are two fracture zones located at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Kane , the Fifteen-Twenty and Jacksonville.

In the rise there are 13 smaller fracture zones, three extends as far as the Cape Verde Basin and another extends north into the Canary Basin and within the Canary Islands.

Deep sea exploration


Cape Verde Rise

Deep sea exploration

In the course of the Deep Sea Drilling Project and the Ocean Drilling Program, two research drillings were done so far, the DSDP 368 and the ODP 659. At the DSDP 368 location which was drilled 985 meters deep, it is divided into three units, the first unit composes of marls and oozes, the second composes of turbidites and the third composes of black shales, they lie above pelagic limestones and the oceanic crust. In that area are five basaltic sills. DSDP 368 is east of the island of Boa Vista.

Geology

The oldest rocks dates back to 155 million years ago during the Kimmeridgian era in the area what is now the east of the rise, around 131 to 128 million years ago, the seamounts of Maio and Santiago were formed,

Between 15 and 7 million years ago, they were volcanically active. Its only volcanic activities in the basin are in Fogo, Brava and the Cadamosto Seamount.

Fauna

In the waters above the rise, eighteen species of whales and dolphins have been recorded in the waters of the Cape Verde archipelago.Megaptera novaeangliae) of the Northern Hemisphere.

Molluscs (Mollusks) in the deep waters within the Cape Verde islands include Tiberia apicifusca at depths between 273 m and 970 m below sea level.


"CCSL" redirects here. For other uses, see CCSL (disambiguation).

The Cape Verde Confederation of Free Trade Unions (Portuguese: Confederação Cabo-Verdiana dos Sindicatos Livres, CCSL) is a national trade union centre in Cape Verde.

In July 2017, CCSL and UNTC-CS (National Union of Workers of Cabo Verde) signed an agreement with the government to promote social peace and increase national minimum wage from EUR 108 to EUR 135 by 2020.


Cape Town fire

Cape Town fire may refer to:

  * Table Mountain fire (2000)
  * Table Mountain fire (2006)
  * Table Mountain fire (2009)
  * 2015 Western Cape fire season
  * 2021 Table Mountain fire


Hajji Aqam Ali Kandi

Hajji Aqam Ali Kandi (Persian: حاجي اقامعلي كندي, also Romanized as Ḩājjī Āqām ʿAlī Kandī; also known as Ḩājjī Āqā Kandī)Qeshlaq-e Jonubi Rural District, Qeshlaq Dasht District, Bileh Savar County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 48, in 9 families.


Hohenburg Castle (Homburg)

The Hohenburg, also called Homburg Castle or Fortress Hohenburg, is a ruined castle located Homburg in the Saarpfalz district in Saarland, Germany. It stands atop the 325 metres (1,066 ft)-high Schlossberg above the Schlossberg Caves (Schlossberghöhlen).

In the 12th century the castle was the seat of the counts of Homburg. In 1330 the received city rights (Stadtrechte) for their village at the foot of Schlossberg from the Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian. After the death of the last Count of Homburg in 1449 castle and city fell to the counts of Nassau-Saarbrücken. They rebuilt the castle in the second half of the 16th century into a renaissance palace, and then to a fortress.

In the 1600s King Louis XIV of France and his master builder Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban expanded the fort and fortified the city. The basic structure of Homburg's old town dates back to this time. The fortifications were first demolished in 1697, and finally in 1714 when they served as a quarry for the construction of Karlsberg Castle. From 1981 the ruins were excavated and partially restored.

Publications


Hohenburg Castle (Homburg)

Publications

  * Conrad, Joachim; Flesch, Stefan (1988). Burgen und Schlösser an der Saar. Saarbrücken: Minerva Verlag Thinnes & Nolte. ISBN 978-3477000889.
  * Kell, Klaus; Thon, Alexander (2002). "Homburg". Pfälzisches Burgenlexikon vol.2, F–H. Beiträge zur pfälzischen Geschichte. Kaiserslautern: Bezirksverband Pfalz. 12 (2): 423–437. ISBN 3-927754-48-X. ISSN 0936-7640.
  * Sander, Eckhart (1999). Die schönsten Schlösser und Burgen im Saarland. Gudensberg: Wartberg. ISBN 978-3861345077.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Festung Homburg.
  * Entry on Hohenburg in EBIDAT, the databank of the European Castles Institute
  * "Schlossberghöhlen und Ruinen der Hohenburg at archive.org". saarblies.com. Archived from the original on 2008-11-20


Hohenfels Castle (Palatinate)

Calendar sheet for "February" from the Codex Liechtenthal 37, c. 1300, with remark about a nun from the family of Bolanden-Hohenfels who had died at Kirschgarten Abbey

Hohenfels Castle (German: Burg Hohenfels) is a ruined hill castle at a height of 545 m above sea level (NHN), in the Beutelfels Nature Reserve north of the village of Imsbach in the county of Donnersbergkreis in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The castle may be reached via a steep footpath from the visitor mine of Weiße Grube in the valley of Langental. The path passes the "Iron Man" monument (Eiserner Mann).

History

There are several clues that the road called in the records the Old Rockenhausen Road (alte Rockenhauser Straße), which ran from the area of Hahnweilerhof, continued past Hohenfels Castle in the direction of Falkenstein and Rockenhausen to Bad Kreuznach, had existed since Roman times. In 1820 a Roman hoard of 28 coins was found, which were dated to about the year 340 AD. Because there is also evidence of Roman mining activity in the deeply incised Langental valley, it is highly probable that there was a Roman fortification or road station in the area around Hohenfels Castle, as was common in the Late Roman period.


Hohenfels Castle (Palatinate)

The assertion that, in 1128, Werner of Bolanden and his wife Guda of Hohenfels were named, and that Guda was the last member of an old Hohenfels dynasty cannot be proved by documentary evidence. It is true that, in that year and for the first time, a certain Werner of Bolanden appears in the light of history by being mentioned in a document, but his wife's name is not known. The fact is, however, that in the Bohland Fief Books (Bohlander Lehensbüchern) of the 12th century, the brothers Werner and Philip of Bolanden are mentioned as being enfeoffed with a castle, which the former Abbot of Prüm, Caesarius of Milendonk, described in 1222 in the Prüm Urbar in Latin as: bonum castrum quod Hoviles appelatur (the mining district of Imsbach had belonged since the 9th century to Prüm Abbey in the Eifel mountains). It is also the case that, in the first decades of the 13th century, the Bolanden family was divided into the lines of "Bolanden", "Falkenstein" and "Hohenfels". After that, Philip III of Bolanden-Hohenfels was owner of the castle until 1277; he was the imperial chamberlain or Reichskämmerer and "Procurator on the Middle Rhine". His sons Philip III jun. called "von Isenburg and Dietrich of Hohenfels shared the castle as co-heirs until 1290. The owners that followed, the brothers Hermann II "the Elder" and Werner of Hohenfels, lay 1333, along with others, feuded with the Imperial City of Speyer.

According to a document dated 11 July 1287, Templer Province Master Wildgrave Frederick, as well as Commander of the Templar House of Kirchheim an der Weinstraße, Henry of Hohenfels, together with his fellow knights templar, sold the parts of their estate in the parish of Laumersheim to the collegiate church of St. Martin in Worms.

Gallery

  * [Hohenfels]
    Hohenfels
  * [Hohenfels]
    Hohenfels

Literature


Hohenfels Castle (Palatinate)

Literature

  * Gemeinde Imsbach, ed. (1993), Imsbach. Aus der Geschichte eines nordpfälzischen Bergmanndorfes und seiner Bürger (in German), ISBN 3-926306-10-6
  * Ulrich Burkhart (2002), Jürgen Keddigkeit; Alexander Thon; Rolf Übel (eds.), "Hohenfels/Donnersberg", Pfälzisches Burgenlexikon. Bd. 2. F−H, Beiträge zur pfälzischen Geschichte (in German), Kaiserslautern, vol. Bd. 12.2, pp. 390–400, ISBN 3-927754-48-X, ISSN 0936-7640
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Burg Hohenfels (Pfalz).
  * Entry on Hohenfels Castle (Palatinate) in EBIDAT, the databank of the European Castles Institute
  * Burg Hohenfels auf der Seite burgen.de


Hohenecken Castle

Hohenecken Castle (German: Burg Hohenecken) (MHG: buorch hônecke) is the ruin of a spur castle from the Hohenstaufen era on the Schlossberg hill above the Kaiserslautern ward of Hohenecken in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is located at an elevation of 363 m above sea level (NN).

History

The exact date of the foundation of the castle is unknown. Whilst older sources often plump for a construction date immediately following the building of the Barbarossaburg in Kaiserslautern in 1156, more recent sources tend to lean towards a date about 50 years later. The pentagonal bergfried and the massive shield wall in particular point to a construction date of around 1200.

In the first half of the 13th century the castle was enfeoffed to a Kaiserslautern family of ministeriales, the descendants of Reinhard of Lautern, the knight. In 1214, they were awarded the right of patronage of Ramstein by the king, Frederick II, who would later become emperor. From then on the castle's owners called themselves von Hohenecken. A barony belonged to the castle, which covered several villages: the valley settlement of Hohenecken at the foot of the castle hill (Burgberg) as well as Erfenbach, Espensteig, Siegelbach and Stockweiler, today Stockborn. All have since become part of the city of Kaiserslautern. Castle and barony were an imperial fief for centuries.

At the beginning of the early modern period, Hohenecken Castle went into decline. In the German Peasants' War of 1525 it was captured by rebellious peasants. In 1668 there was a lengthy siege by Prince-Elector Charles Louis of the Palatinate, which ended in the partial destruction of the castle. In 1689, during the War of the Palatine Succession, the castle was blown up by French troops.

Layout

Including the outer ward, moat, upper and lower wards, the castle measures about 50 by 9 metres in area. It has a mighty shield wall (25 m wide, 11 m high) and a pentagonal bergfried. The castle is considered by experts to be one of the best examples of castles from the Hohenstaufen period. Today it is a popular attraction and offers extensive views.


Hohenecken Castle

Literature

  * Alexander Thon, ed. (2005), "Wie Schwalbennester an den Felsen geklebt. Burgen in der Nordpfalz", Beiträge zur Pfälzischen Geschichte (in German) (1 ed.), Regensburg: 68–73, ISBN 3-927754-48-X, ISSN 0936-7640
  * Jürgen Keddigkeit; Michael Losse (2002), Jürgen Keddigkeit; Alexander Thon; Rolf Übel (eds.), "Hohenecken", Pfälzisches Burgenlexikon. Vol. 2. F–H (in German), Kaiserslautern, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 377–389, ISBN 3-927754-48-X, ISSN 0936-7640
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Burg Hohenecken.
  * Hohenecken Castle at burg-lemberg.de
  * Charitable children's institution at Hohenecken Castle


Charitar 2

Part of a series on the
Dasam Granth
ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ

Main compositions
  * Jaap Sahib
  * Akal Ustat
  * Bachitar Natak
  * Chandi Charitar 1
  * Chandi Charitar 2
  * Chandi Di Var
  * Gian Parbodh
  * Chaubis Avatar
  * Brahma Avtar
  * Rudra Avtar
  * Shabad Hazare
  * 33 Swayyae
  * Khalsa Mahima
  * Shastar Nam Mala
  * Charitropakhyan
  * Zafarnama
  * Hikaaitaan
Other compositions
  * Ardas
  * Asfotak Kabits
  * Bhagauti Astotar
  * Chandd
  * Chaupai Sahib
  * Deh Shiva Bar Mohe Eha
  * Lakhi Jungle Khalsa
  * Paranath Avtar
  * Sahansar Sukhmana
  * Sri Kaal Chopai
  * Tavparsadi Savaiye
  * Ugardanti
  * Vaar Malkauns Ki
  * Fatehnama
Various aspects
  * Idolatry prohibition
  * History
  * Sodhak Committee
  * Raga
  * Gurbani
  * Appellations for God
  * Language
  * Das Granthi
  * Nitnem
Poetical metres and rhythms
  * Salok
  * Savaiya
  * Vaar
  * Pādi
  * Mantar
  * Pauri
  * Shabad
  * Chhant
  * Hikayat
  * Chaupai
  * Sikh scriptures
  * v
  * t
  * e

Charitar 2 is one of 404 tales present in Sri Charitropakhyan composition present in Dasam Granth. This tale is also called Katha Tale of Raja Chitar Singh and Rani Chitar Vati


Charitar 2

King Chitra Singh of Chitravati married the damsel of Indra's kingdom. She gave birth to a son named Hanuvant Singh. Damsel left the king when he got old. He ordered his employees to find her but instead found another, similar looking girl named Chitramati. Chitramati was the daughter of the ruler of Odchaa. To marry her, he had a fight with her father, the ruler of Odchaa. Chitramati was about the age of the son of Chitra Singh. She got heavily attracted to him and tried to seduce him, but Hanuvant Singh was religious in thought and did not go for incest. Then she created a drama and accused Hanuvant Singh of raping her. King Chitra Singh believed her blindly without knowing the side of his son and sentenced him to death.

Mantri, the wise adviser of the King knew that Chitramati was not of a pious character and falsely blamed Hanuvant Singh. In order to prevent this injustice to be inflicted onto Hanuvant Singh, the adviser shared various accounts of stories depicting different situations intended to make the King realize his folly and improve his decision-making skill.

The tale contains 30 verses includes 4 Chopais, 2 Swaiyas, 1 Chandd, 2 Adils and 9 Dohras.

  * Exegesis of Charitar 2


Charitar 71

Part of a series on the
Dasam Granth
ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ

Main compositions
  * Jaap Sahib
  * Akal Ustat
  * Bachitar Natak
  * Chandi Charitar 1
  * Chandi Charitar 2
  * Chandi Di Var
  * Gian Parbodh
  * Chaubis Avatar
  * Brahma Avtar
  * Rudra Avtar
  * Shabad Hazare
  * 33 Swayyae
  * Khalsa Mahima
  * Shastar Nam Mala
  * Charitropakhyan
  * Zafarnama
  * Hikaaitaan
Other compositions
  * Ardas
  * Asfotak Kabits
  * Bhagauti Astotar
  * Chandd
  * Chaupai Sahib
  * Deh Shiva Bar Mohe Eha
  * Lakhi Jungle Khalsa
  * Paranath Avtar
  * Sahansar Sukhmana
  * Sri Kaal Chopai
  * Tavparsadi Savaiye
  * Ugardanti
  * Vaar Malkauns Ki
  * Fatehnama
Various aspects
  * Idolatry prohibition
  * History
  * Sodhak Committee
  * Raga
  * Gurbani
  * Appellations for God
  * Language
  * Das Granthi
  * Nitnem
Poetical metres and rhythms
  * Salok
  * Savaiya
  * Vaar
  * Pādi
  * Mantar
  * Pauri
  * Shabad
  * Chhant
  * Hikayat
  * Chaupai
  * Sikh scriptures
  * v
  * t
  * e

Charitar 71 is an auto-biographical tale presented in Sri Charitropakhyan composition present in Dasam Granth. This tale is also called "Tale of Kapal Mochan".rape of the King's younger wife by Prince Hanuvant Singh.

The tales is told in 10 stanzas with 3 Chopais and 4 Dohras.

Synopsis

Gurdwara Kapal Mochan, commemorates visit of Nanak and Gobind Singh


Charitar 71

After Battle of Bhangani, Guru Gobind Singh heads towards Kapal Mochan, an ancient pilgrimage of Hindus. For honoring soldiers who fought in Battle, Guru Gobind Singh sent some of his Singhs to Buria to bring turban. Singhs went to Paonta and Buria to purchase robes but no robes were available in city. At same time, there was huge gathering of people. At morning time, Guru Gobind Singh found that pilgrims are urinating and doing toilet on small distances from holy pond. This pollute the place and especially ponds during heavy rains. Guru Gobind Singh complained the local priests about their mismanagement, as pond water is used for bathing, drinking and even for performing religious rituals. Temple priests said that people do not listen even on multiple requests and requested Guru Gobind Singh to provide some permanent solution.

To hit two with one arrow, Guru Gobind Singh asked Singhs that if they found any person urinating or passing stools at short distances of ponds, just remove his turban and say him to leave the pilgrimage. The next day, Singhs started removing turban of such persons, which leads to stampede and many turbans fall. The turbans were collected, washed and same is given in honor and remaining were sold. Thus by solving his purpose and temple management.


Charitable organization (Canada)

A charitable organization in Canada is regulated under the Canadian Income Tax Act through the Charities Directorate of the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA).

There are more than 85,600 registered charities in Canada.GDP of Canada. Registered charities are registered under the Income Tax Act

Definition of charity in Canada

The Income Tax Act does not define "charity" and Canada uses a common law definition, namely purposes that fall within the four "heads" of charity: the relief of poverty, the advancement of education, the advancement of religion,

This definition comes from the English case Commissioners for Special Purposes of Income Tax v. PemselPemsel.

The organization's purposes must be exclusively and legally charitable. Therefore, all the purposes of the charity must be charitable, not just most purposes. In addition, the organization must be established and resident in Canada.

Furthermore, there is a public benefit test: the charity must benefit the public or a sufficient segment of the public to be a registered charity in Canada.

Charitable activities

Canadian registered charities can carry out charitable activities by either gifting funds to a qualified donee or by carrying on its own activities through employees, volunteers, or intermediaries.

Canadian charities can also, within certain limitations, carry out fundraising activities,

Charities can also participate in Community Economic Development (CED) activities.Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) does not recognize CED activities as distinctly charitable in and of itself. CED activities have been closely linked to developments in social enterprise and social finance as a way for charities and non-profits to be more sustainable. According to Mark Blumberg, in 2012 charities earned more revenue than they received donations.Enterprising Non-Profits, Centre for Social Innovation and Assiniboine Credit Union have been supporting charities and non-profits participating in CED activities across Canada.Tonya Surman, Mitchell Kutney, David LePage

The Charities Directorate provides a glossary

Canadian charities can conduct charitable activities in Canada and abroad.

Conservation organizations


Charitable organization (Canada)

Conservation organizations

Canada ranks 16th in land area per capita.habitat protection include the Nature Conservancy of Canada, Ducks Unlimited, Nature Canada, and many smaller organizations. Since many donors to Canadian conservation organizations are US-based tax payers, the CRA has defined the concept of Prescribed Donee as "a charity outside Canada whose purpose is to hold title to land in Canada or to transfer land to a registered charity in Canada for conservation purposes."American Friends of Canadian Nature, American Friends of Canadian Conservation,Nature United as Prescribed Donees.

Federal regulator of charities

The Charities DirectorateIncome Tax Act.

The mission of the Charities Directorate is:

"... to promote compliance with the income tax legislation and regulations relating to charities through education, quality service, and responsible enforcement, thereby contributing to the integrity of the charitable sector and the social well-being of Canadians."

The Charities Directorate of the Canada Revenue Agency is responsible for:

  * reviewing applications for registration as a charity, Registered Canadian Amateur Athletic Association (RCAAA), or Registered National Arts Service Organization (RNASO);
  * providing information, guidance and advice on maintaining registered status;
  * ensuring that registered organizations comply with registration requirements through a balanced program of education, service, and responsible enforcement;
  * developing policy and providing information, communication, and education programs for the charitable sector and for donors;
  * engaging with the charitable sector, other government departments, and other levels of government; and
  * supporting the Canada Revenue Agency's role in combating the financing of terrorism in support of the Charities Registration (Security Information) Act.

Advantages of registered charity status

There are many advantages of being a registered charity under the Income Tax Act including:


Charitable organization (Canada)

1. being able to issue "official donation receipts" for gifts to the registered charity which may assist a Canadian donor in reducing the amount of federal and provincial tax payable. For a donor with a high marginal tax rate in Canada, their donation can result in a reduction in taxes of between 40-60% of the donation depending on the province of the taxpayer and the type of property donated.
 2. it is easier to receive funds from certain entities such as other Canadian registered charities (e.g. foundations) or being a registered charity may be a condition of applying for grants from business or government etc.
 3. there are reputational advantages to being a registered charity.
 4. other advantages including reductions in property tax, exemptions and rebates under the GST/HST system.

In light of the substantial advantages of being a registered charity there are some restrictions, limitations and obligations of being a registered charity which are discussed below.

Basic requirements for maintaining registered charity status in Canada

In order to maintain their status under the Income Tax Act, charities must comply with basic requirements on:

  * Maintaining charitable registration
  * Engaging in allowable activities
  * Keeping adequate books and records
  * Issuing complete and accurate donation receipts
  * Meeting the disbursement quota
  * Filing the annual information return
  * Maintaining the charity's legal status
  * Changing the charity's mode of operation or legal structure
  * Obligations and entitlements relating to GST
  * Avoiding terrorist abuse

Strengthening of regulatory powers

Effective January 2012, the Income Tax Act was amended to provide that charities and registered Canadian amateur athletic associations ("RCAAAs") may have their registration refused or revoked, or be suspended from issuing official donation receipts, if an "ineligible individual" acts as a member of the board of directors, a trustee, officer or like official, or controls or manages the operation of the organization.


Charitable organization (Canada)

* has been found guilty of a relevant criminal offence for which the individual has not received a pardon;
  * has been found guilty of a relevant offence within the last five years;
  * was a director, trustee or like official of a charity or association during a period in which the charity was engaged in conduct that constituted a serious breach of the requirements for registration for which its registration was revoked in the past five years;
  * controlled or managed a charity or association during a period in which the charity was engaged in conduct that constituted a serious breach of the requirements for registration for which its registration was revoked in the past five years; or
  * has been a promoter of a tax shelter that involved a gift to a registered charity or RCAAA the registration of which was revoked within the last five years for participation in the tax shelter.

A "relevant criminal offence" is defined as a conviction involving a form of financial dishonesty by the individual, such as tax evasion, theft and fraud. A "relevant offence" relates to financial dishonesty including offences under fundraising legislation, consumer protection legislation and securities legislation. Both cases can also extend to offences not involving dishonesty, but are nonetheless relevant to the operation of the charity or association.

Other regulators of Canadian charities

In addition to the federal Income Tax Act regulation of registered charities, charities that operate in a particular province are subject to provincial supervision. Of all the provinces, Ontario's Office of the Public Guardian and Trustee has been the most active in the regulation of charities.

The Federal Department of Finance is responsible for the Income Tax Act, its regulations and any amendments to the Act.

If there is a dispute between a federal or provincial regulator and a registered charity then that registered charity may go to court in which case the courts will have the final say in determining the outcome of the dispute.

Other government departments are also involved with regulating charities. For example, if a charity is incorporated it is subject to the rules of the incorporating statute. Therefore, an Ontario non-profit corporation must look in part to the Ontario Corporations Act and a federal non-share capital corporation is governed under the Canada Corporations Act. Different types of charities are subject to sectoral regulation; for example universities, hospitals, daycares, etc.

Misuse of charitable resources


Charitable organization (Canada)

Misuse of charitable resources

There have been some concerns expressed about the misuse of Canadian charitable resources from the media,Report on Abuse of Charities for Money-Laundering and Tax Evasion.

In July 2010 there was widespread coverage of the fraud of Ashley Kirilow, a young Ontario woman who shaved her head, her eyebrows, and plucked out her eyelashes in order to represent herself, on her facebook page, as a cancer sufferer, so she could solicit donations to support her recovery.

Academic resources on charity law in Canada

The primary academic resource for charity law in Canada is The Philanthropist.

University of Toronto's Bora Laskin Law Library offers a research guide of other academic resources.

Update Reference link: http://www.durhamregion.com/opinion/columns/article/1112884--charities-extend-their-reach-online


C27H28N2O3

The molecular formula C27H28N2O3 (molar mass: 428.52 g/mol, exact mass: 428.2100 u) may refer to:

  * AdipoRon
  * Benzodioxolefentanyl


C26H40O3

The molecular formula C26H40O3 may refer to:

  * Mesabolone, or 1-testosterone 17β-methoxycyclopentyl ether
  * Prasterone enanthate
  * Testosterone enanthate
  * Trestolone enanthate


Carrefour (disambiguation)

Look up carrefour in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Carrefour is a French multinational retail and wholesaling corporation.

Carrefour may also refer to:

  * Carrefour, a French word meaning road intersection
  * Carrefour, Ouest, a commune of Port-au-Prince, Haiti
  * Carrefour Express, a supermarket chain owned by the Carrefour Group operating in several countries
  * Carrefour Laval, a Canadian super regional mall located in Laval, QC, Canada
  * Carrefour Pleyel (Paris Métro), train station
  * Carrefour de l'Estrie, a Canadian mall located in Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
  * AS Carrefour, an association football club from Haiti
  * École du Carrefour, a Canadian high school
  * Mait' Carrefour, in vodou, a loa in charge of crossroads
  * Carrefour (film), a 1938 French drama film


Carrefour Meridien

Carrefour Meridien is a village in the Torbeck commune in the Les Cayes Arrondissement, in the Sud department of Haiti. It is located 1 kilometer southwest of the town of Torbeck on Route Nationale #2.


Helen Mason (endocrinologist)

Helen Mason is a British endocrinologist who specialises in reproductive endocrinology and is deputy head of Biomedical Sciences at St. Georges (University of London). She graduated from Aston University and Imperial College London, and is now a director of PCOS UK, which provides support for health-care professionals dealing with polycystic ovary syndrome.Royal Society of Biology.

Positions

  * Scientific advisor to the Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) self-help group Verity
  * Executive director of PCOS-UK
  * Fellow of Royal Society of Biology
  * Academic Director of Edulink Consultants Dubai

Publications

  * Mason HD, Willis DS, Beard RW, Winston RML, Margara R and Franks S (1994) Estradiol production by granulosa cells of normal and polycystic ovaries: relationship to menstrual cycle history and concentrations of gonadotrophins and sex steroids in follicular fluid. J Clin Endo Metab 79: 1355-1360.
  * Pellatt L, Hanna L, Brincat M, Galea R, Brain H, Whitehead S, Mason HD (2007) Granulosa cell AMH production is increased in PCO. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 92(1):240-245.
  * PCOS Forum: research in polycystic ovary syndrome today and tomorrow. (2011) Pasquali R, Stener-Victorin E, Yildiz BO, Duleba AJ, Hoeger K, Mason H, Homburg R, Hickey T, Franks S, Tapanainen JS, Balen A, Abbott DH, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Legro RS. Clin Endocrinol. 74(4):424-433.
  * Michael AE, Clarke RJ, Collins TD, Gregory L, Glenn C, Wood PJ, Pugh E, Webb RJ, Pellatt L and Mason HD (2013) Ovarian 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (11βHSD) activity is suppressed in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): apparent role for ovarian androgens. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism in press.


Helen Marr Hurd

Helen Marr Hurd (February 2, 1839 – May 4, 1909) was an American teacher and poet of the long nineteenth century. Living with severe myopia, she taught in thirty schools—until her eyes made teaching impossible. Thereafter, she devoted her time to literary pursuits. She was the author of an illustrated volume of poems.

Biography

Helen Marr Hurd was born in Harmony, Maine, February 2, 1839,New Hampshire and settled in Harmony when the town received its name from his mother.Hallowell and Augusta, Maine.

Before Helen was 11 years old, she had learned nearly the whole of the Bible. By 11 years old, she had written many disconnected bits of rhyme. On her 13th birthday, she wrote a little poem, and others soon followed. Between the years of 13 and 18, she composed two stories in verse and several other short poems.

An impediment to her studies was severe myopia. When she was 16 years of age her mother became a widow. She was in poor health and had to leave Hurd to her own resources for further education. Despite her disabilities she prepared herself for teaching in a normal class.

Hurd taught in some thirty schools—until compelled by increased trouble with her eyes to retire. She then devoted her time to literary pursuits.

Hurd took an active interest in the temperance cause and other movements. She made her home in Athens, Maine.Saint Albans, Maine, and is buried in the Libby Cemetery, in Harmony.

Selected works


Helen Marr Hurd

Selected works

  * What Christmas brings, 188?
  * Poetical works of Helen Marr Hurd, 1887
  * Sub montem. : Christmas and other poems, 1890
  * [Public Domain] This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: C.L. Sherrill & Company (1888). Queries: Devoted to Literature, Art, Science, Education. Vol. 4 (Public domain ed.). C.L. Sherrill & Company.
  * [Public Domain] This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Elwell & Pickard (1888). The Poets of Maine: A Collection of Specimen Poems from Over Four Hundred Verse-makers of the Pine-tree State (Public domain ed.). Elwell, Pickard.
  * [Public Domain] This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Moulton, Charles Wells (1893). The Magazine of Poetry and Literary Review. Vol. 5 (Public domain ed.). C. W. Moulton.
  * [Public Domain] This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Willard, Frances Elizabeth; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice (1893). A Woman of the Century: Fourteen Hundred-seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks of Life (Public domain ed.). Moulton. p. 407.
  * Works related to Woman of the Century/Helen Marr Hurd at Wikisource
  * Works by or about Helen Marr Hurd at Internet Archive
  * Assorted poems by Helen Marr Hurd at The Magazine of Poetry and Literary Review


Helen Mary Gaskell

Helen Mary Gaskell (née Melville), CBE, known as May Gaskell (1853–1940) was a society hostess and philanthropist in London who established the British War Library.

Gaskell was a "vivacious but unhappily married society hostess who belonged to the aristocratic circle of friends known as the 'Souls'": she had platonic relationship with the artist Edward Burne-Jones, who wrote her up to six letters a day and painted a famous portrait of her daughter Amy.Josceline Dimbleby wrote a book about the affair, called "A Profound Secret".

Gaskell founded the War Library in 1914Honorary Secretary throughout the war.

Despite moving in similar circles, she was no relation to Elizabeth Gaskell.

Awards and honours

  * CBE, 1917.(The London Gazette)
  * Photograph, c.1919
  * Review of and extracts from Dimbleby's book


Helen Mary Wilson

Helen Mary Wilson may refer to:

  * Helen Wilson (writer) (1869–1957), New Zealand teacher, farmer, community leader and writer
  * Helen Mary Wilson (physician) (1864–1951), English physician and social purity campaigner


Hugh Burns (musician)

Hugh Burns is a London-based Scottish guitarist and prolific recording artist.Gerry Rafferty's "Baker Street" (1978) and "Careless Whisper" (1984) by George Michael/Wham!.

Burns has played on albums by:

  * Joan Armatrading
  * Jack Bruce
  * Mutya Buena
  * Tony Coe
  * Randy Crawford
  * Doris Day
  * Anne Dudley
  * Albert Hammond
  * Roy Harper
  * Mick Karn
  * Ute Lemper
  * Paul McCartney
  * Alison Moyet
  * Oliver Nelson
  * Mike Oldfield
  * Elaine Paige
  * Pet Shop Boys
  * Gerry Rafferty
  * Scott Walker
  * Stealers Wheel
  * Wham!

History

Burns made his recording debut in 1970, playing electric guitar and classical guitar on the Oliver Nelson album Black, Brown and Beautiful. Since his debut, his guitar playing has featured on more than 130 albums.

  * Hugh Burns credits at AllMusic
  * Hugh Burns album releases & credits at Discogs.com


Hugh C. Robertson

Oxblood glaze vase by Hugh Robertson while at Chelsea Keramic Art Works (CKAW), 1884-89

Hugh C. Robertson (1845–1908) was the first American studio potter who experimented with new ceramic glazes.Chelsea, Massachusetts.Chelsea Keramic Art Works (CKAW). The company became known for their antique Grecian terra cotta and Pompeian bronzes. In 1877, Robertson developed the Chelsea faience, underglazed opaque earthenware, which led the development of other American faience.sang de boeuf glaze. In 1888, he finally discovered the recipe for the glaze and produced three hundred pieces of what he dubbed, Sang de Chelsea.

The Arts and Crafts, and the Art Pottery Movement owes much to Hugh Robertson. After years of experimentation, and eventual artistic success, Hugh Robertson exhausted the finances of the Chelsea Keramic Art Works and the studio closed in 1889. He did not return to the pottery world until July 17, 1891, when he established Chelsea Pottery, US in Dedham, Massachusetts.Dedham Pottery Company, in good part based on his glaze's success at the Chelsea Keramic Art Works.

  * [Experimental Oxblood glaze vase by Hugh Robertson while at Chelsea Keramic Art Works (CKAW)]
    Experimental Oxblood glaze vase by Hugh Robertson while at Chelsea Keramic Art Works (CKAW)
  * [Chelsea Keramic Art Works tea set, earthenware, 1879–83]
    Chelsea Keramic Art Works tea set, earthenware, 1879–83
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hugh C. Robertson.
  * Frelinghuysen, Alice Cooney; Eidelberg, Martin; Spinozzi, Adrienne, American Ceramics, 1876-1956: The Robert A. Ellison Jr. Collection, 2018, Metropolitan Museum of Art, ISBN 1588395960, 9781588395962, google books


Hugh Byrne

Hugh Byrne may refer to:

  * Hugh Byrne (Fianna Fáil politician) (born 1943), Irish politician, Fianna Fáil TD and Senator
  * Hugh Byrne (Fine Gael politician) (1939–2023), Irish politician, Fine Gael TD for Dublin North West from 1969 to 1982
  * Hugh Byrne (rugby league), Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s


Hugh Butler (MP)

Hugh Myddleton Butler, JP (3 May 1857 – 10 October 1943) was Conservative MP for Leeds North (UK Parliament constituency).

An ironmaster and engineer, he was a partner in the Kirkstall Forge with his two brothers since 1875. A supporter of church day schools in Leeds, he was chairman of the North Leeds Conservative Association since 1902. He was elected for Leeds North in 1922, but stood down at the 1923 general election.

  * "Obituary". The Times. 12 October 1943. p. 6.
  * British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig


Hugh Bullard

Hugh Bullard (16 March 1942 – 16 February 2008) was a Bahamian sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics.


Cathance River

The Cathance River is a 16.4-mile-long (26.4 km)Maine flowing into Merrymeeting Bay.

It rises in Bowdoin at the junction of West Cathance and East Cathance streams and flows south into Topsham. Turning east and then northeast, it reaches tidewater at the village of Cathance within Topsham and continues northeast into the town of Bowdoinham. The river turns south again for its final course to Merrymeeting Bay.

  * List of rivers of Maine
  * U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Cathance River
  * Maine Streamflow Data from the USGS
  * Maine Watershed Data From Environmental Protection Agency

43°59′05″N 69°52′47″W / 43.98480°N 69.87977°W


Halidhani Union

Halidhani Union (Bengali: হলিধানী ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad situated at Jhenaidah Sadar Upazila, in Jhenaidah District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh.52.55 square kilometres (20.29 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 10,053.

  * Official website


Carroll Van West

Carroll Van West is an American historian. He is the Tennessee State Historian and a professor of history at Middle Tennessee State University. He is the author or editor of several books about Montana and Tennessee.

Early life

Carroll Van West was born in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. He graduated from Middle Tennessee State University, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1977.University of Tennessee in 1978 and a PhD from the College of William and Mary in 1982.

Career

Van West is a professor of history at his alma mater, Middle Tennessee State University,

Van West succeeded Walter Durham as the Tennessee State Historian in July 2013.

Selected works

  * Van West, Carroll (1986). Traveler's Companion to Montana History. Helena, Montana: Montana Historical Society Press. ISBN 9780917298127. OCLC 906469480.
  * Van West, Carroll (1993). Capitalism on the Frontier Billings and the Yellowstone Valley in the Nineteenth Century. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803247550.
  * Van West, Carroll (2001). Tennessee's New Deal Landscape: A Guidebook. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 9781572331082. OCLC 800341968.
  * Van West, Carroll, ed. (2002). Trial and Triumph: Essays in Tennessee's African American History. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 9781572332041. OCLC 606909077.
  * Van West, Carroll, ed. (2004). A History of Tennessee Arts: Creating Traditions, Expanding Horizons. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 9781572332393. OCLC 52377497.
  * Van West, Carroll (2015). Nashville Architecture: A Guide to the City. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 9781572339200. OCLC 903363549.


Carroll Publishing Company

Carroll Publishing Company is a 501(c)(3) corporation owned by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington (D.C.) and tasked with publishing the two official weekly newspapers of the archdiocese, the Catholic Standard and, in Spanish, El Pregonero.

History

The company was formed and incorporated in 1954, three years after the Catholic Standard was first published. Under the direction of the late Cardinal James A. Hickey, archbishop of Washington, Carroll assumed control of El Pregonero in 1985, eight years after it was first published by the archdiocese's Spanish Catholic Center.

The company is controlled by a corporate board of directors chaired by the archbishop of Washington, currently the Most Rev. Donald W. Wuerl. A separate advisory board of directors provides strategic and operational advice. The company president, Thomas H. Schmidt, joined the firm in 1991. Company vice presidents are the two newspaper editors, the Catholic Standard's Mark V. Zimmermann and El Pregonero's Rafael Roncal.

In addition to its two weekly newspapers, the company also publishes a four-page newspaper for Catholic elementary school children, called Junior Saints, which is issued monthly throughout the school year. The newspapers' first websites appeared in 1998. Online editions were overhauled in 2007.

  * http://www.cathstan.org
  * http://www.elpreg.org
  * http://www.adw.org


Carroll Seron

Carroll Seron is an American sociologist and Professor of Criminology, Law & Society at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). Her research focuses on legal organizations and professions.

Education and career

Seron received her B.A. in American studies from the University of California, Santa Cruz in 1970, followed by an M.A. (1974) and Ph.D. (1976) from New York University, both in sociology. She joined the faculty of UCI as a full professor in 2005, prior to which she had been on faculty at the CUNY Graduate Center as chair of its program in sociology.Flinders University and the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. From 2012 to 2014, she was the chair of UCI's Chair of the Department of Criminology, Law and Society, of which she served as Interim Dean from 2015 to 2016. She was the editor-in-chief of Law & Society Review for its 42nd, 43rd, and 44th volumes.Charis Kubrin, she co-edited a special issue of the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.

Positions in learned societies

Seron was the chair of the American Sociological Association's Sociology of Law Section from 2008 to 2009, and served as president of the Law and Society Association from 2014 to 2015.


Carroll Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania

For other Pennsylvania townships with similar names, see Carroll Township, Pennsylvania (disambiguation).
Historical population
Census                 Pop.   Note  %±
2000                   5,677        —
2010                   5,640        −0.7%
2020                   5,381        −4.6%
2021 (est.)            5,346        −0.7%
U.S. Decennial Census

Carroll Township is a township in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 5,381 at the 2020 census.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 13.8 square miles (36 km2), of which 13.5 square miles (35 km2) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km2) (1.96%) is water.

Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 5,677 people, 2,265 households, and 1,701 families living in the township. The population density was 420.4 people per square mile (162.3 people/km2). There were 2,344 housing units at an average density of 173.6 per square mile (67.0/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 98.26% White, 1.09% African American, 0.05% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.21% from other races, and 0.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.74%.

Of the 2,265 households 26.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.4% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.9% were non-families. 22.3% of households were one person and 13.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.85.


The age distribution was 19.6% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 24.7% 65 or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

The median household income was $43,347 and the median family income was $52,526. Males had a median income of $40,970 versus $24,698 for females. The per capita income for the township was $20,380. About 4.8% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.8% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.

  * Hazel Kirk, Pennsylvania

40°10′54.8″N 79°56′9.01″W / 40.181889°N 79.9358361°W


Chelebe

Chelebe is a settlement in Kenya's Bungoma County.


Chelecala

Chelecala is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae erected by George Hampson in 1913.Chelecala trefoliata, was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1898.Kenya.


Cheleken Peninsula

Oil platform off the Cheleken Peninsula

The Cheleken Peninsula (Russian: Челекен полуостров)Turkmenistan, in the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea.

The city of Hazar, former Cheleken, is located in the peninsula, which belongs administratively to Turkmenistan's Balkan Province.

Geography

The Cheleken Peninsula is about 40 km long and 22 km wide. It borders on the Caspian Sea in the west and with the Türkmenbaşy Gulf (former Krasnovodsk Bay) in the north. The peninsula has a continental dry climate with a precipitation of 150 mm/year. The area is desert and the central part is elevated terrain averaging 100 m elevation, with 25 m high cliffs in the central part of the western shore, while the eastern shore is low and sandy.

The Peninsula has two spits or bars at the end running meridionally from north to south; the northern or right spit is also known as the Kafaldja Peninsula, while the southern or left spit running towards Ogurja Ada (Ogurchinsky Island) is known as the Dervish Peninsula. From time to time, such as in 1995, the Cheleken Peninsula becomes an island again when the level of the waters of the Caspian rises.mud volcanoes in the Cheleken Peninsula.

Cartography

The Cheleken Peninsula was formerly an island. It was plotted on a rough map for the first time in 1715 by Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky as 'Chereken Island'. The area was mapped by Fedor Ivanovich Soimonov during the Caspian Expedition, which surveyed the Caspian Sea from 1719 to 1727 and in some maps of the 18th to 19th centuries it appeared as 'Neftyanoy' or as 'Neftonia'. The island was also described later by G. S. Karelin in 1832. Karelin commented that there were four types of crude oil in the Cheleken Peninsula. The island merged with the mainland after 1937.

1721 Van Verden map of the Caspian Sea with Ostrova Neftonia or Ile de la Nafte (Naphtha Island).  1994 stamp of Turkmenistan showing a sulphur spring in the Cheleken Peninsula.


Cheleken Peninsula

* Hazar, Turkmenistan
  * Ogurja Ada
  * Minerals - Krasnovodsk, Cheleken Peninsula, Balkan Province, Turkmenistan
  * Overview of oil and natural gas in the Caspian Sea region Last Updated: August 26, 2013


Chelelemuk

Chelelemuk is a settlement in Kenya's Busia County.


Cheleh Gah, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari

Cheleh Gah (Persian: چله گاه, also Romanized as Cheleh Gāh and Chelleh Gah)Rig Rural District, in the Central District of Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,228, in 210 families.


Chelemys delfini

Chelemys delfini, also known as the Magellanic long-clawed akodont,rodent in the genus Chelemys of family Cricetidae. It is endemic to the areas of Punta Arenas and Torres del Paine National Park in southern Chile, where it lives in the grassland and scrub of the Magellanic steppe.C. megalonyx.

Literature cited

  * D'Elia, G. and Pardinas, U. 2008. Chelemys delfini. In IUCN. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on January 12, 2010.
  * Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1109. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.


Chelemys megalonyx

Chelemys megalonyx, also known as the large long-clawed mouselarge long-clawed akodontrodent in the genus Chelemys of family Cricetidae. It is endemic to central Chile.

Literature cited

  * D'Elia, G. and Patterson, B. 2008. Chelemys megalonyx. In IUCN. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on January 12, 2010.
  * Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1110. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.


Historical realism

Historical realism is a writing style or subgenre of realistic fiction centered on historical events and periods.

  * Historical Realism as a worldview


Hugh Butt

Hugh Roland Butt (January 8, 1910 – August 16, 2008) was an American physician who developed methods to treat hemorrhaging patients with vitamin K.

Butt was born in Belhaven, North Carolina. He earned his M.D. from the University of Virginia in 1933 and a master's degree in medicine from the University of Minnesota in 1937.

Butt was a resident at the Mayo Clinic when he made his most notable finding that Vitamin K stopped bleeding in patients with jaundice, previously a fatal condition.dicumarol isolated by Paul Link, and conducted the first human studies that demonstrated its blood thinning properties. He worked at the Mayo Clinic his entire career, including terms on both the board of governors and board of trustees and was widely considered the last link to its founders (he was supervised by William Mayo).cirrhosis. He was appointed full professor in 1952, after which he began focusing on administrative issues. He was a leading advocate of continuing education for doctors.

Butt served as president of the American College of Physicians in 1971 and 1972, and retired in the 1980s. He died in Rochester, Minnesota.

  * Hugh Butt, M.D., Last Assistant to Dr. Will Mayo on YouTube


Cathar Perfect

Perfect (also known as a Parfait in French or Perfectus in Latin) was the name given by Bernard of Clairvaux to the leaders of the mediaeval Christian religious movement in southern France and northern Italy commonly referred to as the Cathars. The Perfecti were not clerics in any way, but merely members who had become 'adepts' in the teaching, and whose role was that of aiding other ordinary members achieve the rewards of belief and practice. The term reflects the fact that such a person was seen by the Catholic Church as the "perfect heretic".bonhommes" (their term), Perfecti were expected to follow a lifestyle of extreme austerity and renunciation of the world which included abstaining from eating meat and avoiding all sexual contact.Credentes (Croyant in French, Believers in English). Perfecti were drawn from all walks of life and counted aristocrats, merchants and peasants among their number. Women could also become Perfecti and were known as Parfaites or Perfectae.

Catharism

Catharism itself was a Christian religious movement with dualistic and Gnostic elements that appeared in the Languedoc region of France (Occitania at the time) around the middle of the 12th century. The movement was branded by the Catholic Church as heretical with some authorities denouncing them as not being Christian at all. It existed throughout much of Western Europe (including Aragon and Catalonia in Spain, the Rhineland and Flanders in Northern Europe and Lombardy and Tuscany in Italy), but its focus was in the Languedoc and surrounding areas of what is now southern France. In addition it had links with the similar Christian movement the Bogomils (Friends of God) from the Balkans. The Cathars were ruthlessly suppressed and finally exterminated by the Catholic Church in the 14th century.


Cathar Perfect

The Cathars believed that there were two principal powers in the Universe. One, God, was entirely good and dwelt in a condition of pure Spirit and Light, while the other, Satan/Lucifer, "the prince of this world" was entirely evil and ruled over the world of Matter, hence their rejection of physical pleasures. This dualism they drew from a particular reading of the Gospels, for example "That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is Spirit" (John 3:6). For the Cathars, Christ was an emissary of the Light sent into this world to lead humanity back to God. Each individual contained within them a shard of the Divine Light, the Angelic Soul which was trapped in a "garment" of flesh (the Body) by Lucifer. While confined in this "garment" of matter the Soul would forget its origin with God and instead find itself suffering the privations of this world. Cathars held to a doctrine of Reincarnation, believing that the Soul was doomed to incarnate into this world time and again until through a process of spiritual growth and purification it was able to return to God through Christ and the Holy Spirit. According to the records of the Inquisition, it was believed that this process of death and rebirth towards final Perfection took place over seven lives:

Denying also the Resurrection of the flesh, they invented some unheard of notions, saying, that our souls are those of angelic spirits who, being cast down from heaven by the apostasy of pride, left their glorified bodies in the air; and that these souls themselves, after successively inhabiting seven terrene bodies, of one sort or another, having at length fulfilled their penance, return to those deserted bodies.

Many Perfects chose to become so late in their lives, choosing to abjure their previous existences for their spiritual beliefs. The famous female Perfect Esclarmonde of Foix, for instance, became a Bonne Femme after having reared eight children with her husband, who consented to her choice. Thus, the decision to achieve this state was reached after some experience in the world.


Cathar Perfect

The Cathar Perfect was believed to have reached the point in his or her cycle of incarnations at which the state of spiritual purity had been achieved through which the Holy Spirit could dwell within them, thus releasing them from the burden of reincarnation and the suffering of this world. Their ministry among the Credentes was to help them in their journey through this life and perhaps enable them to move closer to the spiritual state in which they too could return to God. As Perfects they were seen to be "equal unto the angels" and thus already semi-divine by Cathar believers.

Initiation and lifestyle

Montségur, where the Cathar elite made their last stand

A Cathar Perfect had to undergo a rigorous training of three years before being inducted as a member of the spiritual elite of the religious movement.Gospel of Johnlaying on of hands, or Manisola, as the candidate vowed to abjure the world and accept the Holy Spirit.Perfecti believed, the Holy Spirit was able to descend and dwell within the new Perfect—hence the austere lifestyle needed to provide a pure dwelling place for the Spirit. Once in this state of housing the Holy Spirit within themselves, the Perfect were believed to have become "trans-material" or semi-angelic, not yet released from the confines of the body but containing within them an enhanced spirituality which linked them to God even in this world, as expressed in the Gospel of Luke:

But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage: Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels: and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection.


Cathar Perfect

Cathar Perfects travelled the Languedoc in twos, in imitation of Christ's instructions to the Apostles in the Gospels (such as Luke 10:1–12). Male and female Perfects always travelled with partners of the same sex to avoid sexual temptation.Credentes (Believers), the rank and file of Catharism who were not expected to follow the austere lifestyle of the Perfects. They were healers and worked with the sick, sometimes using medicinal remedies, sometimes with laying on of hands.Bible, they walked from place to place and stayed in the houses of Credentes. Services and sacraments were held in people's homes or in places such as fields, forests or caves.

One of their main roles was to administer the Consolamentum (Consolation) to the dying, which ensured admittance of the soul of the deceased to heaven, and normally required a request from the recipient to a Perfect for the Consolamentum. This meant that many Perfects would not administer the Consolamentum to those who were beyond reason or sentient speech, as they clearly undisposed to make the necessary request. One of the conditions of being a Credente was the uttering of the Convanenza, or Covenant when encountering a Perfect, which involved the request for the Consolamentum should they be dying. This was aimed at enabling the Perfect to bestow the sacrament to those whose illness meant they could not ask for it. As mentioned above, the Cathars believed in a doctrine of reincarnation, interpreting the idea of Eternal Life promised in the Bible as meaning release from the cycle of successive births in this world, which they believed to be ruled over by Satan. The Consolamentum was thought to purify the soul through the Holy Spirit before death to enable its ascent to Christ.

Persecution

Perfects often took great personal risks to visit the dying and faced certain death if caught. During the time of the Cathar suppression when the Church sent a Crusade to destroy them, many Perfects led a hidden and itinerant existence – moving around under cover of darkness, and spending the days in barns or the woods. Many were burned at the stake by the Church. The last recorded Cathar Perfect was Guillaume Bélibaste who was betrayed by a Credente in the pay of the Church, and burnt to death in the 14th century.


Cathar Perfect

* Antonin Gadal
  * Cathar yellow cross
  * Catharism
  * Credentes
  * Montaillou
  * Montségur
  * Prades Tavernier
  * Two by Twos
  * The Yellow Cross – the story of the last cathars 1290–1329. René Weis. Penguin Viking 2000. ISBN 0-14-027669-6
  * Cathars and Catharism, Dr Yves Maris.
  * Oldenbourg, Zoe (2002) [1961]. Massacre at Montsegur: A History of the Albigensian Crusade (3rd ed.). Phoenix Press. ISBN 1-84212-428-5.
  * The Perfect Heretics: Conference and book (1995)


I. P. Pavlova (Prague Metro)

I. P. Pavlova is a Prague Metro station on Line C. It is in the Vinohrady district of Prague.Czech: náměstí I. P. Pavlova), which is named after Russian physiologist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov. Both the station and the square are shortened by locals to diminutive names such as Ípák, Pavlák or Ípáč.

I. P. Pavlova is the busiest station on the Prague Metro, serving daily more than 118,000 people as of 2008.

History

I. P. Pavlova station was opened on 9 May 1974, with the first section of Prague Metro, between Sokolovská and Kačerov.Baroque bastion were found.

The station has an exit at one end of the platform, which had three escalators until reconstruction in the 1990s, when a fourth was introduced.Czech koruna.

Tram services

I. P. Pavlova is also a major tram stop on the Prague tram system. Trams connect I. P. Pavlova with Náměstí Míru on Line A and Karlovo náměstí on Line B. Tram services 4, 6, 10, 11, 16 and 22 (daytime services) stop at this station.

In popular culture

Part of the Czech sci-fi movie, Tomorrow I'll Wake Up and Scald Myself with Tea,David Koller, entitled "Lajka z I.P. Pavlova".

Above the escalators there is a large-format illustration created in 2011, depicting passengers in the subway as anthropomorphic dogs. A figure in the foreground is holding a hamburger and a copy of Pavlov's book, The Experimental Psychology and Psychopathology of Animals.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to I. P. Pavlova (metro station).


I. Magnin Building

I. Magnin Building with the Paramount Theatre

The I. Magnin Building is a former I. Magnin department store in Oakland, California located at 2001 Broadway. It was built in 1931 and designed by architecture firm Weeks and Day. It housed the upscale department store until it closed in 1995. The building's green terra-cotta facade and art deco ornamentation make it a prominent landmark and a local visitor attraction in the Uptown neighborhood.

The building's interior was completely renovated in 2000, and it now houses retail and office businesses. It had more than 92% occupancy as of 2013.Jet Martinez to paint a mural on the windowless rear wall of the building. Martinez painted lilies inspired by Mexican folk art.

37°48′33″N 122°16′06″W / 37.809189°N 122.268324°W


Carroll Ringwalt

Carroll Walter Ringwalt (December 15, 1907 – June 26, 1990) was an American football player.

Ringwalt was born in 1907 in Bedford, Indiana. He played college football as a center for Indiana University from 1927 to 1929.

He then played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a center and guard for the Portsmouth Spartans in 1930 and Frankford Yellow Jackets in 1931. He appeared in ten NFL games, four as a starter.

Ringwalt was married to Frances Jane Curran.Indianapolis. He also served in the Army during World War II. He retired in 1980.


Cheleri

Cheleri is a census town in Kannur district in the Indian state of Kerala.

Demographics

As of 2011 Census, Cheleri had a population of 10,848 with 4,873 males and 5,975 females. Cheleri census town spreads over an area of 8.56 km2 with 2,150 families residing in it. The sex ratio was 1,226 higher than state average of 1,084. In Cheleri, population of children under 6 years was 12.76%. Cheleri had overall literacy of 94%, higher than national average of 59% and same as state average of 94%.

Religion

As of 2011 India census, Cheleri census town had total population of 10,848 which constitute 45.6% Hindus, 53.9% Muslims and 0.5% others.

Administration

Cheleri census town is situated in Kolachery Grama Panchayat. It includes localities like Karayapa, Kayyankode, Munderikkadavu, Cheleri Mukkil, Nonheri, Dalil palli, Kappanapparamba, Kayachira, Vaidyar Kandi, Valavil Cheleri etc.

Education

There are two U.P. schools in this village: Cheleri A.U.P. School and Noorul Islam Madrassa U.P. School. The first one is the government-aided. The second one does not receive aid from the government but is recognized by the government. There is only one government school in this village. It is Cheleri Govt. Mopla L.P. School. Cheleri Mopla A.L.P. School, Noonheri A.L.P. School, Karayappa A.L.P. School, and Malot A L.P. School are other schools in this village.

Transportation


Cheleri

Transportation

The national highway passes through Valapattanam town. Goa and Mumbai can be accessed on the northern side and Cochin and Thiruvananthapuram can be accessed on the southern side. The road to the east of Iritty connects to Mysore and Bangalore. The nearest railway station is Kannur on Mangalore-Palakkad line. Trains are available to almost all parts of India subject to booking over the internet. There are airports at Mattanur, Mangalore and Calicut. All of them are international airports but direct flights are available only to Middle Eastern countries.


Historical recording

Historical recording may refer to:

  * Grammy Award for Best Historical Album, historical reissue of pop albums
  * Historical classical music recordings


I. P. Sharp Associates

I. P. Sharp Associates (IPSA) was a major Canadian computer time-sharing, consulting and services firm of the 1970s and 1980s. IPSA is well known for its work on the programming language APL, an early packet switching computer network named IPSANET, and a powerful mainframe computer-based email system named 666 Box, stylized as 666 BOX. It was purchased in 1987 by Reuters Group,

History

The company's founders worked as a team at the Toronto division of Ferranti, Ferranti-Packard, which sold many products to the Canadian military and large businesses. The team worked on operating system and compiler design for the company's range of mainframe computers, the Ferranti-Packard 6000. In 1964 Ferranti sold off its computing division to International Computers and Tabulators, which almost immediately closed the Toronto office. Ian Sharp, the chief programmer, founded I. P. Sharp Associates in December 1964 with the other members of the team (Roger Moore, Ted McDorman, Don Smith, David Oldacre, Brian Daly, and James McSherry) and David Butler shortly after.

The firm began with contract programming on IBM System/360 series mainframes, and to some degree took over Ferranti's former military work. It became particularly well used by the Canadian Navy, setting up an office in Ottawa near DND headquarters. Ted McDorman and Jim McSherry were lead players in this. At one point IPSA could claim to have played a part in every computer system onboard Canadian Navy ships.

In the early years, IPSA collaborated with its sister company Scientific Time Sharing Corporation (STSC) of Bethesda, Maryland, USA, each retailing the same services in their respective countries. IPSA and STSC jointly developed their software. Eventually they devised separate product names. They separated as Sharp APL and APL*Plus. Initially, IPSA served STSC's customers from its Toronto datacenter. In 1972, STSC built its own datacenter. Afterward, both firms provided disaster recovery for each other: if one of the datacenters could not function, the other datacenter would accommodate both vendors' users.

Timesharing and IPSANET


I. P. Sharp Associates

Timesharing and IPSANET

IPSA sold time on its mainframes by the minute to customers across Canada, and rapidly developed into a major time sharing service in the 1970s. Long before the Internet, IPSA developed IPSANET to provide cheap telecommunications between the Toronto data center and IPSA clients across North America and Europe. Packet-switching also made their transatlantic links much more usable, since on previous equipment, frequent "line hits" would produce user-visible errors. As the network grew, and as Sharp APL was available on in-house computers, Sharp clients with their own mainframes could join the network, access their own or the Toronto mainframe from anywhere on IPSANET, and transfer data accordingly. The network eventually provided "Network Shared Variables" that allowed programs running on one mainframe to communicate in realtime with programs on another mainframe. This was used for file transfer and email services.

I. P. Sharp Associates offered timesharing users access to a variety of databases, plus sophisticated packages for statistical analysis, forecasting, reporting, and graphing data. Databases included historical stock market time series data, econometric data, and airline data. All of these were available from the 39 MAGIC workspace, an easy-to-use time series, query, and reporting language, which among other things featured integrated high-quality business graphics from Superplot. In 1982, IPSA produced its first printed catalog of all online databases and proceeded to document for its customers the content and use of single databases or sets of databases.

APL implementors

IPSA was heavily involved in the development of the APL language, eventually employing APL's inventor, Ken Iverson, in the early 1980s. Roger Moore, a company co-founder and vice-president, won the 1973 Grace Murray Hopper Award for the development of APL\360 (along with Larry Breed and Dick Lathwell). APL\360 was later greatly enhanced and extended to become Sharp APL, stylized as SHARP APL.