Çamlıca TRT Television Tower

This article is about the TV tower on Büyük Çamlıca Hill. For the TV tower on the neighboring Küçük Çamlıca Hill, see Küçük Çamlıca TV Radio Tower.

Çamlıca TRT Television Tower (Turkish: TRT Çamlıca Verici İstasyonu) was a communications tower in the Üsküdar district of Istanbul, Turkey, which was owned and operated by the state-owned Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT). It was demolished in late 2020 after 48 years in service.

History

The tower was located on Büyük Çamlıca Hill (literally:Big Çamlıca Hill) at 268 m (879 ft) above main sea level. The tower went into service on 30 December 1972.166 m (545 ft) with the 148 m (486 ft) highconical concrete tower and a steel mast atop. On May 21, 2010, a fire broke out at the tower's 80 m (260 ft) height. The fire caused damage to the transmitter, and the broadcasting was interrupted until the damage was removed.

Demolition

With the completion of the Küçük Çamlıca TV Radio Tower on the neighboring hill, the steel transmitter masts were all removed and integrated in the new towers.


Cibyra monoargenteus

Cibyra monoargenteus is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It is known from Brazil.

  * Hepialidae genera


Atlantihyla panchoi

Atlantihyla panchoi, also known as the Guatemala stream frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to eastern Guatemala and is only known from three localities in the Sierra de las Minas and Montañas del Mico ranges.specific name panchoi honors Laurence Cooper "Don Pancho" Stuart

Description

Adult males measure 31–34 mm (1.2–1.3 in) and adult females, based on a single specimen, 37 mm (1.5 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is rounded but has a pointed tip in dorsal view because of a vertical rostral keel. The tympanum is round but its upper edge is obscured by the heavy supratympanic fold. The fingers bear large discs and are up to about half webbed. The toes are almost fully webbed and bear discs somewhat smaller than the fingers ones. The dorsal ground color is grayish tan with green flecks (especially prominent on the eyelids, sometimes completely ringed by them) and darker brown mottling, or dark brown with darker gray brown markings. There is a white stripe on the edge of the upper lip and a white spot below the eye. A distinctive white stripe runs from above axilla along the flanks to the groin, becoming fragmented posteriorly. The throat, chest, belly and ventral surfaces of the limbs are pale yellow with scattered dark brown flecks. The iris is blood orange.

A tadpole of Gosner stage 30 measures 43 mm (1.7 in) in total length, of which almost three quarters is the tail.

Habitat and conservation

Atlantihyla panchoi inhabits moist tropical forests at elevations of 100–895 m (328–2,936 ft) above sea level. It often occurs along streams, and does not occur in degraded habitats. Specimens have been seen about 1–3 m (3–10 ft) high in dense vegetation, often sitting on the tops of leaves. Breeding takes place in streams.


Atlantihyla panchoi

Though once relatively easy to find in suitable habitat, this species is now uncommon and may already have been extirpated from its type locality. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by expanding agriculture, wood extraction, and human settlement, as well as by water pollution and chytridiomycosis. It has been recorded in two protected areas, Sierra de las Minas biosphere reserve and Reserva Protector de Mantanial Cerro de San Gil (Sierra del Mico).


Atlantik-Brücke

Atlantik-Brücke (German: [atˈlantɪkˌbʁʏkə], Atlantic Bridge) is a leading private non-profit association to promote German-American understanding and Atlanticism. Founded in Hamburg in 1952, it was located in Bonn between 1983 and 1999 and is now located in Berlin.

The association organizes invitation-only conferences, seminars and colloquia. Through various programs for "Young Leaders", military officers, journalists, and students, Atlantik-Brücke fosters social networks among current and future leaders in business and world affairs. Atlantik-Brücke also awards prizes in honor of Vernon A. Walters and Eric M. Warburg. Atlantik-Brücke annually presents the George H.W. Bush award, an award given to those who have improved German and U.S. relations. It was first given in August 2015 to its namesake, U.S. statesman Pres. George H.W. Bush at his residence Walker's Point Estate, Maine.

In 2014, the German political cabaret show Die Anstalt named the Atlantik-Brücke as one of several "NATO-friendly elite networks" that "are little more than transatlantic swinger-clubs".ZDF for broadcasting the show.Federal Court of Justice in 2017, which ruled that no personal rights were violated and that the characterisations made by Die Anstalt were "quite accurate".

Young Leaders

The two Atlantik-Brücke Young Leaders conferences receive more than 500 applications per year, from which 120 Young Leaders are chosen with the help of a steering committee of political, business and academic leaders. Sixty young leaders are chosen for the German-American Conference (30 Americans and 30 Germans) and sixty are chosen for the European Conference. As of 2011, the German-American Young Leaders Conference has been running for 33 years.


Atlantik-Brücke

The Young Leaders Program initiated by Atlantik-Brücke represents the oldest and largest program dedicated to identifying and nurturing relationships among the future custodians of the transatlantic partnership. Since the first Young Leaders Conference was held in 1973, over 1,500 Europeans and Americans have attended one of thirty-two German-American Young Leaders Conferences or ten European Young Leaders Conferences. Alumni of these prestigious gatherings remain in contact with each other both informally and through regional discussion groups and biennial alumni conferences that had been held under the auspices of Atlantik-Brücke. On January 1, 2011 Atlantik-Brücke established the independent organization "Atlantik Forum e.V. – the Young Leaders Alumni of Atlantik-Brücke" to more effectively facilitate and manage all these activities.

Prominent Young Leaders alumni

  * Christian Wulff, Former Federal President of Germany
  * Thomas de Maizière, Former Federal Minister of Interior
  * Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, Former Federal Minister of Defense
  * Michael Otto, chairman of the supervisory board of Otto Group
  * Jürgen Großmann, Chairman of the Managing Board of RWE
  * Thomas Enders, President and CEO of Airbus Industries
  * Paul-Bernhard Kallen, chairman of the Board of Hubert Burda Media Holding
  * Hans-Gert Pöttering, Former President of the European Parliament
  * Charles Schumer, Senior U.S. Senator from New York
  * Cem Özdemir, Chairman of Alliance 90/The Greens
  * Edelgard Bulmahn Member of Parliament; Former Federal Minister of Education and Research
  * Michael Vassiliadis, chairman of the Board of IG BCE – Mining, Chemical and Energy Industrial Union
  * Wolfgang Ischinger, Former German Ambassador to the United States and Chair of the Munich Security Conference
  * Richard Burt, Former United States Ambassador to Germany
  * Craig Kennedy, President of the German Marshall Fund of the U.S.
  * Kai Diekmann, Editor-in-Chief of BILD Zeitung
  * Katja Gloger, Editor-at-large, STERN Magazin
  * Joshua Bolten, Former White House Chief of Staff, President George W. Bush
  * Jens Spahn, Former German Federal Minister Of Health
  * Tobias Lindner, State Secretary in the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  * Geoffrey Okamoto, Former First Deputy Managing Director, International Monetary Fund
  * Danyal Bayaz, Finance Minister, Baden-Württemberg


Atlantik-Brücke

Extract of member list

Below you can find an extract of the member list of the Atlantik Brücke e.V.

  * Philip D. Murphy, Governor of New Jersey, former United States Ambassador to Germany
  * Henry Kissinger, former Secretary of State of the United States of America
  * Josef Ackermann, former CEO of Deutsche Bank, Germany
  * Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, former Secretary of Defense of Germany
  * Helmut Kohl, former Chancellor of Germany
  * Helmut Schmidt, former Chancellor of Germany
  * Rupert Stadler, former chairman of Audi AG
  * Torsten Oltmanns, Global Marketing Director at Roland Berger Strategy Consultants
  * Joachim Gauck, former President of Germany
  * Angela Merkel, former Chancellor of Germany
  * "Rede: 70 Jahre Atlantik-Brücke". Der Bundespräsident (in German). 22 October 2022
  * Official website


Andrus Rõuk

Andrus Rõuk (born 28 September 1957, in Tallinn) is an Estonian artist and poet.

In 1981, in the 9th number of the literary journal Looming his poem "Silmades taevas ja meri" ("In the eyes sky and sea") appeared. It is an acrostic: the first letters of the verses read "SINIMUSTVALGE" ("blue-black-white"), the colours of the national flag of Estonia (at a time when Estonia was occupied and the use of national flag was forbidden; the Soviet flag of Estonia was mostly red with some blue and white). For this he was excluded from the Estonian State Institute of Arts (currently Estonian Academy of Arts).


Andry Lalaina Rakotozanany

Andry Lalaina Rakotozanany (born 31 January 1983) is a retired Malagasy football midfielder.


Andrusia Lake

Andrusia Lake is a lake in Beltrami County, Minnesota, in the United States.

Andrusia Lake was named for Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United States.

  * List of lakes in Minnesota


Aviva Finance Limited

Aviva Finance Limited is a sharia complaint major non-bank financial institution in Bangladesh.Reliance Finance Limited. Mohammed Saiful Alam is the chairman of Aviva Finance Limited and also S. Alam Group.Anti-Corruption Commission Proshanta Kumar Halder had stolen 102 billion taka.The Daily Star gave Proshanta Kumar Halder the name sultan of swindle.

History

Aviva Finance Limited started as Bahrain Bangladesh Finance and Investment Company Limited in 1996.

In March 2009, S. Alam Group purchased most of the shares except a small portion held by the National Life Insurance Company Limited.Industrial and Infrastructure Development Finance Company Limited.

In 2010, the government of Bangladesh was encouraging non-bank financial institutions, including Reliance Finance, to list on the stock market.

In 2015, Proshanta Kumar Halder left Reliance Finance and joined NRB Global Bank as managing director.

On 19 November 2020, Reliance Finance Limited was renamed to Aviva Finance Limited and became an Islamic finance company.Bangladesh Bank approved the name change and gave them permission to open five new branches despite the institute failing to meet the requirements for opening new branches.Bangladesh Industrial Finance Company Limited, FAS Finance and Investment Limited, International Leasing and Financial Services Limited, and Peoples Leasing and Financial Services Limited.Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission ordered the seizure of Halder's assets.

In 2022, Aviva Finance Limited offered the highest interest rate on deposits of all non-bank financial institutions in Bangladesh.West Bengal, India.

Subsidiary

  * Reliance Brokerage Services


Aviva Investors

Aviva Investors is an investment management company and is part of the Aviva group.

History

The London unit, previously known as Morley, was founded in 1971 as Geoffrey Morley and Partners. This was bought by Globe Investment in 1988 and then sold to Commercial Union, before being absorbed into CGU and then Aviva plc.

The Central Bank of Ireland fined Aviva Investors in July 2011 for failing to have proper controls and procedures surrounding the safeguarding of client assets.

The company has made significant investments in biomass and wind energy.

In September 2021, Aviva Investors signed a long-term lease deal with Netflix to operate and expand the Longcross Studios.

Notes and references

  * Official Aviva Investors website


Angelidis

Angelidis, (Greek: Αγγελίδης) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:

  * Dinos Angelidis (born 1969), Greek basketball player of mixed Greek-Austrian ancestry
  * Mike Angelidis (born 1985), Canadian ice hockey player of Macedonian descent
  * Angelides


Ayşegül

Ayşegül is a Turkish given name for females. The name is derived from "Ayşe", the Turkish form for the Arabic name Aisha, meaning "she who lives,"rose."

Notable women named Ayşegül include:

  * Ayşegül Abadan (born 1980), Turkish pianist
  * Ayşegül Acevit (born 1968), Turkish–German writer
  * Ayşegül Aldinç (born 1957), Turkish singer and actress
  * Ayşegül Behlivan, Turkish Muay Thai and wushu practitioner.
  * Ayşegül Çoban (born 1992), Turkish weightlifter
  * Ayşegül Ergin, Turkish Taekwondo practitioner
  * Ayşegül Günay (born 1992), Turkish basketball player
  * Ayşegül Pehlivanlar (born 1979), Turkish Paralympic sport shooter

Other use

  * MV Karadeniz Powership Ayşegül Sultan, Liberia-flagged Turkish powership


Anna Stainer-Knittel

Self-portrait (before 1900)

Self-portrait as the "Geier-Wally"

Anna Stainer-Knittel (28 July 1841, Elbigenalp - 28 February 1915, Wattens) was an Austrian portrait and flower painter. An incident from her life served as the basis for the novel Die Geier-Wally by Wilhelmine von Hillern; an early example of feminist literature.

Biography

Her father was a gunsmith who had a quick temper but who encouraged his daughter's talents and ambitions.Josef Alois Knittel, was her uncle and the painter, Joseph Anton Koch, was her great-uncle.

She began her studies in 1859 at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, but she was not allowed to attend the main school because she was a woman.Innsbruck and was able to support herself as a portrait painter. In 1867, against her parents' wishes, she married a ceramicist named Engelbert Stainer. During their time together, she created many floral designs for his cups, plates and saucers.

From 1868 to 1871, they had three children; two sons and a daughter. In 1873, she opened a painting school for women, which she operated almost until her death. Among her students were Maria Tilipaul-Kistler (1884-1963) and Wilhelmine Redlich (1869-1954).

Fame as "Geier-Wally"

At the age of seventeen, Anna volunteered to rappel down a rock wall to remove an eagle's nest. In the 19th century, this was a common practice to prevent eagles from attacking the local sheep herds. The previous year, a similar attempt almost ended in tragedy for the climbers, so no other volunteers could be found. She was able to grab the eaglet, stuff him in her rucksack, and ascend without incident although, later, it was said that she was attacked by an adult eagle during the climb.

In 1863, this event was described by Ludwig SteubDas Annele im AdlerhorstWolfs Illustrirter Rundschau.

Finally, in 1873, it was depicted in a novel by Wilhelmine von Hillern called Die Geier-Wally ("The Vulture Maiden" in English;

Alpine Landscape with Floral Wreath; one of her most popular paintings.


Anna Stainer-Knittel

Alpine Landscape with Floral Wreath; one of her most popular paintings.

In 1892, the story was adapted for an opera: La Wally, by Alfredo Catalani. It has also been filmed numerous times, notably:

  * The Vulture Wally (1921), directed by E. A. Dupont, starring Henny Porten.
  * The Vulture Wally (1940), directed by Hans Steinhoff, starring Heidemarie Hatheyer.
  * The Vulture Wally (1956), directed by František Čáp, starring Barbara Rütting.
  * "Knit(t)el-Stainer (Maria) Anna". In: Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Vol. 3, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1965, p. 441.
  * Helga Reichart: Die Geierwally. Leben und Werk der Lechtaler Malerin Anna Stainer-Knittel. Haymon, Innsbruck, 1991, ISBN 3-85218-085-6
  * Evelyn Kain: Anna Stainer-Knittel: Portrait of a „femme vitale“. In: Woman's Art Journal, Vol. 20, No. 2 (Fall 1999/Winter 2000), pgs.13–31
  * Nina Stainer: "Anna Stainer-Knittel, Malerin", Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck, 2015, ISBN 978-3-7030-0888-7
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anna Stainer-Knittel.
  * Literature by and about Anna Stainer-Knittel in the German National Library catalogue
  * Biography, bibliography and sources from FemBio.org (Institute for Women's Biography Research)
  * ArtNet: More works by Stainer-Knittel.


Badjhiri

Badjhiri is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Huzur tehsil and the Phanda block.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Badjhiri has 230 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 73.47%.

Demographics (2011 Census)
                                              Total  Male  Female
Population                                    1351   691   660
Children aged below 6 years                   175    90    85
Scheduled caste                               112    58    54
Scheduled tribe                               20     12    8
Literates                                     864    523   341
Workers (all)                                 511    365   146
Main workers (total)                          380    328   52
Main workers: Cultivators                     276    246   30
Main workers: Agricultural labourers          40     32    8
Main workers: Household industry workers      10     8     2
Main workers: Other                           54     42    12
Marginal workers (total)                      131    37    94
Marginal workers: Cultivators                 77     16    61
Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers      38     13    25
Marginal workers: Household industry workers  10     5     5
Marginal workers: Others                      6      3     3
Non-workers                                   840    326   514


Badiyeh-ye Do

Badiyeh-ye Do (Persian: باديه دو, also Romanized as Bādīyeh-ye Do)Dehpir-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 76, in 20 families.


Badkundri

Badkundri is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.


Bahay na Pula (film)

For the house in Bulacan, see Bahay na Pula.

Bahay na Pula (lit. Red House) is a 2022 Filipino horror film directed by Brillante Mendoza, starring Julia Barreto, Xian Lim and Marco Gumabao.

Synopsis

Jane (Julia Barreto) travels with her husband Marco (Xian Lim) to go to Pola, Oriental Mindoro to seek the mayor's approval to demolish Jane's ancestral house. The caretaker gives them a tour of the home and Jane feels that something's amiss when they reach the basement.

The next day, Jane is informed that the buyer has backed out due to the local council's plans to designate the home as a national historical site. In her plan to reverse the decision, she meets her ex-lover, Anton (Marco Gumabao), who works as an assistant to the mayor. A series of events occur in the house - one event makes Jane's belly become bigger and bigger as if she is pregnant.

Cast

  * Julia Barreto as Jane
  * Xian Lim as Marco
  * Marco Gumabao as Anton

Release

A teaser trailer was released on January 27, 2022.


Arnold Laasner

Arnold Laasner (27 June 1906 – 29 January 1964) was an Estonian footballer.

He was born in Tallinn.

He began his football career at the age of 14 in Nõmme. In 1925 he joined with the club SK Tallinna Sport. He became the Estonian champion in 1925, 1929 and 1931–33. He won the silver medal in 1926, 1927, 1930, 1934, 1936 and 1943, and won the bronze medal in 1939. In 1932, he scored the most goals (fourteen) in Meistriliiga and scored 54 goals in the championship during his career.

He also played ice hockey, volleyball and especially basketball, winning a silver medal for the Estonian championships in 1927. He played also one match for Estonia men's national basketball team.

At the end of World War II, he fled to Germany. Later, he moved to United Kingdom. He died in Gloucester in 1964.


Beni-Israel

Beni-Israel' or Beni Israel may refer to:

  * Bene Israel, in India
  * Beni Israel Cemetery in Kansas, USA

See also:

  * B'nai Israel (disambiguation)


Conrad of Thuringia

This article is about the landgrave of Thuringia. For the earlier ruler of Thuringia, see Conrad, Duke of Thuringia. For the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg, see Konrad von Thüngen.

[Grave of Konrad von Thüringen at Elisabethkirche, Marburg]

Grave of Konrad von Thüringen at Elisabethkirche, Marburg

Conrad (German: Konrad von Thüringen; c. 1206 – 24 July 1240) was the landgrave of Thuringia from 1231 to 1234 and the fifth Grand Master of the Teutonic Order from 1239 to 1240.military order.

Conrad was the youngest son of Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia,Sophia, a daughter of Otto I, Duke of Bavaria.Louis IV of Thuringia was married to Saint Elisabeth of Hungary. When Louis died in 1227 during the Sixth Crusade, his brother Henry Raspe became regent for Louis' minor son Herman II, and Conrad took on the title of Count of Gudensberg in Hesse, assisting his brother in ruling the area.

On Elisabeth's death in 1231, Henry Raspe took Thuringia for himself, and together with Conrad, worked to consolidate power. Conrad engaged in battle a number of times with Siegfried III, Archbishop of Mainz, at one point personally swinging him around and threatening to cut him in two. In 1232, he besieged the city of Fritzlar, massacring its populace and burning the church.

Shield of the Landgrave Konrad of Thuringia


Conrad of Thuringia

Shield of the Landgrave Konrad of Thuringia

Elisabeth had founded a hospital in Marburg and had intended to bequeath it to the Johanniter Order, but this was rejected by her defensor, Conrad of Marburg. Pope Gregory IX sent a commission to settle the matter, and it decided in favor of Conrad of Marburg on 2 August 1232. In the summer of 1234, Conrad travelled to Rome and convinced the Curia to turn the hospital and parish church in Marburg over to the Teutonic Knights, which had founded a house in the city the previous year. In November, Conrad set aside his temporal title and entered the Teutonic Order himself. The next year, he joined the commission to Rome that represented his sister-in-law in the canonisation process, and he remained in the court of the Pope until Pentecost of 1235 when she was declared a saint.

Upon the death of Hermann von Salza, Conrad became the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.Rome in the early summer of 1240, he fell ill and died.Elisabeth Church in Marburg.


14th Regiment

14th Regiment or 14th Infantry Regiment may refer to:

  * 2nd/14th Light Horse Regiment, a unit of the Australian Army
  * 14th Air Defence Artillery Regiment (Belgium), a unit of the Belgian Army
  * 14th Alpini Regiment, a unit of the Italian Army
  * 14th Infantry Regiment (Philippine Army)
  * 14th Regiment Royal Artillery, a unit of the British Army
  * 14th (Buckinghamshire) Regiment of Foot, a unit of British Army
  * 14th Infantry Regiment (USAFIP-NL), a unit of the United States Armed Forces in the Philippines - Northern Luzon or USAFIP-NL
  * 14th Infantry Regiment (United States), a unit of the United States Army
  * 14th Armored Cavalry Regiment (United States), a unit of the United States Army
  * 14th Marine Regiment (United States), a unit of the United States Marine Corps

American Revolutionary War regiments

  * 14th Continental Regiment, a unit which fought for secession from the British Empire

American Civil War regiments

  * 14th Regiment Alabama Infantry, a unit of the Confederate (South) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Indiana Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Iowa Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Michigan Volunteer Mounted Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Regiment (New York State Militia), a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
  * 14th Brigade (disambiguation)
  * 14th Division (disambiguation)


Andrus (given name)

Andrus is an Estonian masculine given name.

People named Andrus include:

  * Andrus Ansip (born 1956), Estonian politician
  * Andrus Aug (born 1972), Estonian road bicycle racer
  * Andrus Eelmäe (born 1956), Estonian actor
  * Andrus Johani (1906–1941), Estonian painter
  * Andrus Kajak (born 1965), Estonian fencer
  * Andrus Kivirähk (born 1970), Estonian writer
  * Andrus Murumets (born 1978), Estonian strongman
  * Andrus Öövel (born 1957), Estonian rower and politician
  * Andrus Paul (born 1975), Estonian luger
  * Andrus Poksi (born 1968), Estonian sport sailor and sailing coach
  * Andrus Raadik (born 1986), Estonian volleyball player
  * Andrus Rõuk (born 1957), Estonian artist and poet
  * Andrus Saare (born 1965), Estonian politician
  * Andrus Seeme (born 1969), Estonian politician
  * Andrus Utsar (born 1976), Estonian weightlifter
  * Andrus Vaarik (born 1958), Estonian actor and theatre director
  * Andrus Värnik (born 1977), Estonian javelin thrower
  * Andrus Veerpalu (born 1971), Estonian skier


Fighting Fire

"Fighting Fire" is a single by drum and bass/dubstep producer and DJ Breakage, featuring vocals from English singer and musician Jess Mills. It was released on 27 February 2011 as a digital download in the United Kingdom. The song peaked at number 34 on the UK Singles Chart.

Critical reception

Lewis Corner of Digital Spy gave the song a positive review stating:

"What could be better than fighting fire with you?" she inquires over a combination of pumping beats and deep rhythmic bass that's got more than a whiff of the mid-1990s dance to it (Cream toilets? - Ed.). It's stylish, sure, and cool as a cucumber in the chiller cabinet at Shoreditch Tesco, but perhaps a bit too laid-back and self-assured to join its bolshier chums - hey 'I Need Air', hiya 'Lights On'! - right at the top of the charts.

Track listing

Digital download
No.  Title                             Length
1.   "Fighting Fire" (Original)        4:18
2.   "Fighting Fire" (Radio Edit)      3:36
3.   "Fighting Fire" (Loadstar Remix)  4:54
4.   "Fighting Fire" (Foamo Remix)     5:14

Chart performance

Chart (2011)      Peak
                  position
UK Dance (OCC)    4
UK Indie (OCC)    5
UK Singles (OCC)  34

Release history

Region          Date               Format            Label
United Kingdom  February 27, 2011  Digital download  Digital Soundboy Recordings


Afro Blue (Dee Dee Bridgewater album)

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source                             Rating
Allmusic
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music
The Virgin Encyclopedia of Jazz

Afro Blue is the debut studio album by American jazz singer Dee Dee Bridgewater. The record was released in Japan in 1974, when she was 23, via Trio Records label.

Track listing

No.            Title                                              Writer(s)                           Length
1.             "Afro Blue"                                        Mongo Santamaria, Oscar Brown, Jr.  8:27
2.             "Love Vibrations"                                  Horace Silver                       5:55
3.             "Everyday I Have the Blues / Stormy Monday Blues"  Peter Chatman                       8:09
4.             "Little B's Poem"                                  Bobby Hutcherson                    3:08
5.             "Raindrops Keep Falling on My Head"                Burt Bacharach, Hal David           4:38
6.             "Love from the Sun"                                Richard Clay                        5:34
7.             "People Make the World Go Around"                  Richard Clay                        4:48
Total length:  40:39

Personnel

Band

  * Dee Dee Bridgewater – vocals
  * George Mraz – bass
  * Motohiko Hino – drums, bells
  * Roland Hanna – piano
  * Ron Bridgewater – tenor saxophone, cowbell, African castanets, vibra-clap
  * Cecil Bridgewater – trumpet, kalimba

Production

  * Takao Ishizuka – producer
  * Kiyoshi Koyama – liner notes
  * Y. Kannari – recording, mixing
  * M. Ohkawa – recording, mixing
  * Official website


Adolph Stramboe

Johan Adolph Frederik Stramboe (28 August 1801 – 25 July 1850) was a Danish ballet dancer.

Early life

Stramboe was born in Copenhagen, the son of glovemaker Johannes Stramboe (1768–1841) and Ane Christine Gunkel (c. 1776–1826). After his mother's death in 1828, his father married Cathrine Bothilda Svenson.

Career

Stramboe was trained as a ballet dancer under Vincenzo Galeotti at the Royal Danish Ballet. In 1833, he was employed by the ballet. He was most successful in comic roles in some of August Bournonville's ballets.

In February 1850, Stramboe had to discontinue his career due to mental illness.

Personal life

Sophie Stramboe painted by David Monies.

On 27 March 1824 Stramboe married actress at the Royal Danish Theatre Sophie Frederikke Svanemann (1803–1865), daughter of joiner Lorentz Svanemann (c. 1767–1811) and Mette Marie Larsen.

Their son Edvard Julius Lorentz Stramboe (20 December 1825 – 27 October 1895) and daughter Laura Stillmann (married to the architect Johan Andreas Stillmann) would also become ballet dancers.

At the time of the 1850 census (1 February) Stramboe and his wife resided with their three daughters in an apartment at Admiralgade 22.Sankt Hans Hospital after being stricken by mental illness. He died just a few months later. He is buried at Holmens Cemetery. His wife later married soldier Casper Olsen.


Ellie Rodríguez

For the Cuban-American journalist, see Ellie Rodriguez (journalist).

Eliseo Rodríguez Delgado (born May 24, 1946) is a Puerto Rican former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1968 to 1976 for the New York Yankees, Kansas City Royals, Milwaukee Brewers, California Angels, and Los Angeles Dodgers.

Career

His professional baseball career began in 1964 when he was signed by the Kansas City Athletics as an amateur free agent after graduating from James Monroe High School in Bronx, NY.Minor league baseball teams of the Athletics.Syracuse Chiefs in 1967.

Rodríguez debuted for the Yankees on May 26, 1968, against the Chicago White Sox.1968 MLB expansion draft.all-star appearance, though he did not play in the game.Ed Kirkpatrick.

On February 2, 1971, after the end of the 1970 Kansas City Royals season , the Royals traded Rodríguez to the Milwaukee Brewers for Carl Taylor.1971 Milwaukee Brewers season began. Rodríguez played 115 games in 1971, yet only had a batting average of .210.

After splitting time at catcher with Darrell Porter the following season, Rodríguez was involved in a nine-player transaction when he was sent along with Ollie Brown, Joe Lahoud, Skip Lockwood and Gary Ryerson from the Brewers to the California Angels for Steve Barber, Clyde Wright, Ken Berry, Art Kusnyer and cash on October 23, 1973.fielding percentage of .992, played a career high 140 games, and hit a career high seven home runs.1974 California Angels season, Rodríguez tied an American League record with 19 putouts in a nine-inning game and set another with 21 in an extra-inning game.Nolan Ryan's fourth no-hitter.

On March 31, 1976, he was traded by the California Angels to the Los Angeles Dodgers for Orlando Alvarez and cash, and spent one season with the Dodgers before being released on May 2, 1977.

Rodríguez is now a player development consultant for The Atlantic League of Professional Baseball and is in charge of scouting Latin America for the league.Road Warriors, a traveling team that will temporarily replace the folded Bridgeport Bluefish in the Atlantic League.

  * List of players from Puerto Rico in Major League Baseball
  * Career statistics and player information from Baseball Reference, or Fangraphs, or Baseball Reference (Minors)


Çamlık, Çaycuma

Çamlık is a village in Çaycuma District, Zonguldak Province, Turkey.


Cibusoides

Cibusoides is a genus of benthonic foraminifera.


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

This is a list of athletics results at the 2023 Island Games, held at Footes Lane, Guernsey in July 2023.

Medal table

* Host nation (Guernsey)

Rank                 Nation          Gold  Silver  Bronze  Total
1                    Guernsey        8     8       6       22
2                    Saaremaa        7     6       3       16
3                    Isle of Man     7     3       5       15
4                    Jersey          5     6       7       18
5                    Ynys Môn        5     4       2       11
6                    Faroe Islands   4     5       6       15
7                    Isle of Wight   3     3       0       6
8                    Menorca         1     2       2       5
9                    Åland           1     0       0       1
10                   Shetland        0     2       2       4
11                   Western Isles   0     1       1       2
12                   Gozo            0     1       0       1
13                   Gibraltar       0     0       3       3
14                   Cayman Islands  0     0       1       1
Gotland              0               0     1       1
Orkney               0               0     1       1
Totals (16 entries)  41              41    40      122

Results

Men


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

Event                Gold                        Silver       Bronze
100 m                Eiri Jógvansson Glerfoss    10.58        Joe Chadwick                10.70     Zachary Price      10.75
                     Faroe Islands                            Guernsey                              Ynys Môn
200 m                Jónas Gunnleivsson Isaksen  NA           Jamie Oldham                NA        Jessy Franco       NA
                     Faroe Islands                            Jersey                                Gibraltar
400 m                Jónas Gunnleivsson Isaksen  46.02 GR     Cameron Chalmers            46.33     Peter Curtis       47.82
                     Faroe Islands                            Guernsey                              Guernsey
800 m                Iolo Hughes                 1:52.15      Seumas MacKay               1:54.27   Xavi Cubas Torras  1:55.07
                     Ynys Môn                                 Shetland                              Menorca
1500 m               Iolo Hughes                 3:52.25      Seumas MacKay               3:53.79   Samuel Maher       3:55.33
                     Ynys Môn                                 Shetland                              Jersey
5000 m               Osian Perrin                14:11.85 GR  David Borg                  14:59.41  Samuel Maher       14:59.61
                     Ynys Môn                                 Gozo                                  Jersey
10000 m              Kaur Kivistik               31:10.50     Corrin Leeming              31:10.79  Alan Corlett       31:12.31
                     Saaremaa                                 Isle of Man                           Isle of Man

110 m hurdles        Evan Campbell               15.09        Johannes Treiel             15.21     Peter Curtis       15.40
                     Jersey                                   Saaremaa                              Guernsey
400 m hurdles        Alastair Chalmers           49.83 GR     Peter Curtis                51.70     Will Brown         56.64
                     Guernsey                                 Guernsey                              Jersey
3000 m steeplechase  Kaur Kivistik               9:48.83      Daniel Eckersley            9:49.10   Ben Sergeant       10:11.48
                     Saaremaa                                 Isle of Wight                         Ynys Môn

                     Jersey                                   Ynys Môn                              Isle of Man
                     Tyler Johnson                            Cai Jones                             Daniel Clague
4 × 100 m relay      Aidan Loane                 41.94        Cameron Jones               42.69     Regan Corrin       43.22
                     Steven Mackay                            Ewan Jones                            Ben Sinclair
                     Jamie Oldham                             Zachary Price                         Nathan Teece
                     Guernsey                                 Faroe Islands                         Jersey


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

Guernsey                                 Faroe Islands                         Jersey
                     Alastair Chalmers                        Jónas Gunnleivsson Isaksen            Matthew Brown
4 × 400 m relay      Cameron Chalmers            3:11.95 GR   Leon Johannesen             3:18.31   Tyler Johnson      3:19.78
                     Peter Curtis                             Dánjal Dahl Ljósheim                  Jamie Oldham
                     Josh Duke                                Tummas Petur Sjóvará                  Will Brown

Half-marathon        Corrin Leeming              1:08:16      Lewis MacAlpine             1:08:57   George Rice        1:09:00
                     Isle of Man                              Western Isles                         Jersey
                     Isle of Man                              Guernsey                              Gibraltar
Half-marathon team   Alan Corlett                5            Stephen Dawes               12        Harvey Dixon       15
                     Samuel Jones                             Sammy Galpin                          Benjamin Reeves
                     Corrin Leeming                           James Priest                          Arnold Rogers

High jump            Regan Corrin                1.95 m       James Margrave              1.90 m    Rauno Liitmäe      1.90 m
                     Isle of Man                              Isle of Man                           Saaremaa
Long jump            Eiri Jógvansson Glerfoss    7.12 m       Nicolas Vila Iglesias       6.87 m    Johannes Treiel    6.71 m
                     Faroe Islands                            Menorca                               Saaremaa
Triple jump          Nicolas Vila Iglesias       14.55 m      Miso Buha                   13.43 m   Tórur Mortensen    13.40 m
                     Menorca                                  Faroe Islands                         Faroe Islands
Shot put             Genro Paas                  14.82 m      Patrick Harris              14.75 m   Evan Campbell      14.02 m
                     Saaremaa                                 Ynys Môn                              Jersey
Discus throw         Nicholas Percy              58.33 m GR   Zane Duquemin               56.23 m   Gevin Paas         49.75 m
                     Isle of Wight                            Jersey                                Saaremaa
Hammer throw         Andy Frost                  55.12 m      Genro Paas                  53.93 m   not awarded
                     Isle of Wight                            Saaremaa
Javelin throw        Joe Harris                  68.95 m      Rauno Liitmäe               60.37 m   James Bougourd     53.79 m
                     Isle of Man                              Saaremaa                              Guernsey


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

Women


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

Event               Gold               Silver       Bronze
100 m               Sara Wiss          11.86 GR     Abi Galpin                   11.89     Katie Dinwoodie                 12.16
                    Åland                           Guernsey                               Shetland
200 m               Abi Galpin         24.02        Ffion Roberts                24.54     Katie Dinwoodie                 24.74
                    Guernsey                        Ynys Môn                               Shetland
400 m               Ffion Roberts      55.20        Sophie Porter                56.43     Rebecca Toll                    57.19
                    Ynys Môn                        Guernsey                               Guernsey
800 m               Cari Hughes        2:15.74      Darcey Hodgson               2:16.23   Rebekka Fuglø Poulsen           2:17.73
                    Ynys Môn                        Guernsey                               Faroe Islands
1500 m              Rachael Franklin   4:20.42 GR   Cari Hughes                  4:21.28   Marina Bagur Olives             4:33.37
                    Isle of Man                     Ynys Môn                               Menorca
5000 m              Rachael Franklin   16:05.80 GR  Marina Bagur Olives          16:38.49  Nicole Petit                    18:11.04
                    Isle of Man                     Menorca                                Guernsey
10000 m             Sarah Roe          36:56.01     Amy Kelland                  37:13.77  Aly Kemp                        37:26.13
                    Guernsey                        Isle of Wight                          Orkney

100 m hurdles       Rhiannon Dowinton  15.11        Lucy Woodward                15.82     Victoria Hancock                16.06
                    Guernsey                        Jersey                                 Guernsey
400 m hurdles       Olivia Allbut      1:01.40      Maria Biskopstø              1:03.39   Aimee Christian                 1:09.41
                    Jersey                          Faroe Islands                          Isle of Man

                    Guernsey                        Jersey                                 Isle of Man
                    Tilly Beddow                    Olivia Allbut                          Andrea Ecolango
4 × 100 m relay     Abi Galpin         48.60        Lucy Cohu                    48.67     Lydia Morris                    49.10
                    Emily Pike                      Danielle Wilkinson                     Meghan Pilley
                    Rebecca Toll                    Lucy Woodward                          Carla Teece
                    Guernsey                        Jersey                                 Faroe Islands
                    Abi Galpin                      Olivia Allbut                          Maria Biskopstø


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

Abi Galpin                      Olivia Allbut                          Maria Biskopstø
4 × 400 m relay     Hannah Lesbirel    3:49.66 GR   Lucci Baker                  3:52.76   Margit Weihe Fríðmundsdóttir    3:53.64
                    Sophie Porter                   Yasmin Lookess                         Oddvør Josephsen
                    Rebecca Toll                    Lucy Woodward                          Rebekka Fuglø Poulsen

Half-marathon       Rachael Franklin   1:22:15      Charlie Metcalfe             1:22:58   Kim Baglietto                   1:23:41
                    Isle of Man                     Isle of Wight                          Gibraltar
                    Isle of Wight                   Isle of Man                            Western Isles
Half-marathon team  Charlie Metcalfe   7            Rachael Franklin             16        Mhairi Hall                     18
                    Holly Newton                    Rebekah Pate                           Muriel Macleod
                    Carly Scoble

High jump           Linda Kivistik     1.68 m       Teele Treiel                 1.68 m    Teresa Fríðriksdóttir Bláhamar  1.60 m
                    Saaremaa                        Saaremaa                               Faroe Islands
Long jump           Victoria Hancock   5.39 m       Katie Le Rougetel            5.38 m    Ashantae Graham                 5.36 m
                    Guernsey                        Jersey                                 Cayman Islands
Triple jump         Lucy Woodward      11.01 m      Bára Jógvansdóttir Glerfoss  10.97 m   Hilda Östergren                 10.91 m
                    Jersey                          Faroe Islands                          Gotland
Shot put            Linda Kivistik     12.55 m      Airike Kapp                  11.75 m   Lýdia Poula Simonsen            11.14 m
                    Saaremaa                        Saaremaa                               Faroe Islands
Discus throw        Shadine Duquemin   49.34 m      Airike Kapp                  41.55 m   Tazmin Fayle                    38.44 m
                    Jersey                          Saaremaa                               Isle of Man
Hammer throw        Airike Kapp        44.96 m      Anastasia Banbury            43.96 m   Guðrið Petersen                 42.03 m
                    Saaremaa                        Guernsey                               Faroe Islands
Javelin throw       Linda Kivistik     45.46 m      Sunniva Bogadóttir           35.97 m   Lucy Woodward                   35.50 m


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

Saaremaa                        Faroe Islands                          Jersey


Athletics at the 2023 Island Games

* 2023 full results


Furnace, Ceredigion

Furnace (Welsh: Ffwrnais) is a hamlet in Ceredigion, Wales on the A487 trunk road from Machynlleth to Aberystwyth, near Eglwysfach.

It is the location of the Dyfi Furnace, used from the 1750s to the 19th century to make pig iron with charcoal as fuel. The site had been used by the Silver Mills of the Society of Mines Royal.

  * www.geograph.co.uk : photos of Furnace and surrounding area


Furnace Carolina Site

The Furnace Carolina Site (also known as RI-2045; Abbott Run; Arnold Mills Furnace) is an historic site of a blast furnace in Cumberland, Rhode Island along the Abbott Run river.

History

The colonial industrial furnace was originally built around 1734 by Eliezer Metcalf. The Furnace Carolina was named after Caroline of Ansbach, the wife of England's King George II. The furnace was located in an area with an abundance of iron ore and purportedly cast cannon for use during the French and Indian Wars.National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

  * Arnold Mills Historic District
  * National Register of Historic Places listings in Providence County, Rhode Island


Furmanovsky

Furmanovsky (masculine), Furmanovskaya (feminine), or Furmanovskoye (neuter) may refer to:

  * Furmanovsky District, a district of Ivanovo Oblast, Russia
  * Furmanovskoye Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which the town of Furmanov in Furmanovsky District of Ivanovo Oblast, Russia is incorporated as
See also: Furmanov (disambiguation)


Ashish Nanda

Ashish Nanda is a business economist and professor who is the former Director of the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IIMA).

Nanda joined IIMA as Director on 2 Sept 2013.

In addition to his administrative responsibilities, Professor Nanda teaches in PGP, PGPX, and Executive Education Programmes at the Institute. Before joining IIMA, Nanda was Robert Braucher Professor of Practice at Harvard Law School for seven years. Before that, he was a Harvard Business School faculty member for 13 years. He was Officiating Director, IIM Nagpur from its inception in 2015 to 2017 and Fellow, Harvard Business School Executive Education from 2013 to 2017. He is Distinguished Fellow, Harvard Law School Executive Education.

IIMA Activities

Nanda's vision for IIMA is "to educate leaders of enterprises." His strategic thrust at the Institute has been to (a) connect proactively with five constituencies (research, practice, policy, alumni, and connectivity), (b) nurture a high performance culture at the Institute (by fostering autonomy, stretch, and community; and) grow the Institute in strategic areas (including expansion of Executive Education and PGPx programs, starting a School of Public Policy at the Institute, and recruiting faculty at entry level and lateral positions).

Nanda led significant fund raising efforts at IIMA.

Nanda has led an initiative for greater diversity in admissions to IIMA, leading to an increase in the proportion of women students and students with non-engineering backgrounds in IIMA.

Nanda had resigned in April 2017, due to personal reasons, and the institute, on 30 August, announced the appointment of Professor Errol D’Souza as in-charge director.

Education & Awards

Nanda earned his B.Tech. in Electrical Engineering from IIT Delhi. He completed a Post Graduate Diploma in Management from IIM Ahmedabad and an MA in Economics from Harvard University. He earned a Ph.D. in Business Economics from Harvard.

He has received the IIT Delhi Distinguished Alumni Award, the Henry B. Arthur Fellowship, the Harvard University Centre in Ethics and the Professions Fellowship, the President of India Gold Medal (twice), and the IIMA Director's Gold Medal. In 2016, he was conferred Distinguished Global Thinker Award by IILM.


Ashish Nanda

Research, Teaching, & Advisory

Nanda’s research, teaching, and advisory work focus on leadership, particularly in the context of professional services and institutions of higher education. He has published several case studies and articles and is a coauthor of Professional Services: Cases & Text.

Nanda has advised professional service organizations including asset management, investment banking, accounting, advertising, consulting (engineering, human resource, IT, management, and strategy), executive search, legal (law firms and legal and compliance departments), public relations, and real estate organizations; human capital intensive organizations, such as pharmaceutical corporations; His work with these organizations has spanned advisory board membership, strategic planning, organization design, governance systems, succession planning, compensation systems, recruitment and promotion practices, and leadership development. He has taught in executive development program tailored for professionals, entrepreneurs, and senior government officials. He has been a non-executive director on boards of public companies, private firms, partnerships, and not-for-profit organizations.

Personal life

Nanda was born in New Delhi in a family originally from West Punjab. He is married to Shubha Nanda, faculty at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine in Boston. The couple has a son, Pranav Nanda who is a neurosurgery resident at Massachusetts General Hospital.

  * Official website


Ashish Kumar Chhabra

Ashish Kumar Chhabra is a member of the Chhattisgarh Legislative AssemblyBemetara (Vidhan Sabha constituency) of Chhattisgarh.

  * Ashish Kumar Chhabra on Facebook
  * Profile on Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly website


Associated graded ring

In mathematics, the associated graded ring of a ring R with respect to a proper ideal I is the graded ring:

[\operatorname {gr}_{I}R=\oplus _{{n=0}}^{\infty }I^{n}/I^{{n+1}}].

Similarly, if M is a left R-module, then the associated graded module is the graded module over [\operatorname {gr}_{I}R]:

[{\displaystyle \operatorname {gr} _{I}M=\oplus _{n=0}^{\infty }I^{n}M/I^{n+1}M}].

Basic definitions and properties

For a ring R and ideal I, multiplication in [\operatorname {gr}_{I}R] is defined as follows: First, consider homogeneous elements [a\in I^{i}/I^{{i+1}}] and [b\in I^{j}/I^{{j+1}}] and suppose [a'\in I^{i}] is a representative of a and [b'\in I^{j}] is a representative of b. Then define [ab] to be the equivalence class of [a'b'] in [I^{{i+j}}/I^{{i+j+1}}]. Note that this is well-defined modulo [I^{{i+j+1}}]. Multiplication of inhomogeneous elements is defined by using the distributive property.


Associated graded ring

A ring or module may be related to its associated graded ring or module through the initial form map. Let M be an R-module and I an ideal of R. Given [f\in M], the initial form of f in [\operatorname {gr}_{I}M], written [{\mathrm {in}}(f)], is the equivalence class of f in [I^{m}M/I^{{m+1}}M] where m is the maximum integer such that [f\in I^{m}M]. If [f\in I^{m}M] for every m, then set [{\mathrm {in}}(f)=0]. The initial form map is only a map of sets and generally not a homomorphism. For a submodule [N\subset M], [{\mathrm {in}}(N)] is defined to be the submodule of [\operatorname {gr}_{I}M] generated by [\{{\mathrm {in}}(f)|f\in N\}]. This may not be the same as the submodule of [\operatorname {gr}_{I}M] generated by the only initial forms of the generators of N.

A ring inherits some "good" properties from its associated graded ring. For example, if R is a noetherian local ring, and [\operatorname {gr}_{I}R] is an integral domain, then R is itself an integral domain.

gr of a quotient module

Let [N\subset M] be left modules over a ring R and I an ideal of R. Since

[{\displaystyle {I^{n}(M/N) \over I^{n+1}(M/N)}\simeq {I^{n}M+N \over I^{n+1}M+N}\simeq {I^{n}M \over I^{n}M\cap (I^{n+1}M+N)}={I^{n}M \over I^{n}M\cap N+I^{n+1}M}}]


Associated graded ring

(the last equality is by modular law), there is a canonical identification:

[{\displaystyle \operatorname {gr} _{I}(M/N)=\operatorname {gr} _{I}M/\operatorname {in} (N)}]

where

[{\displaystyle \operatorname {in} (N)=\bigoplus _{n=0}^{\infty }{I^{n}M\cap N+I^{n+1}M \over I^{n+1}M},}]

called the submodule generated by the initial forms of the elements of [N].

Examples

Let U be the universal enveloping algebra of a Lie algebra [{\mathfrak {g}}] over a field k; it is filtered by degree. The Poincaré–Birkhoff–Witt theorem implies that [\operatorname {gr}U] is a polynomial ring; in fact, it is the coordinate ring [k[{\mathfrak {g}}^{*}]].

The associated graded algebra of a Clifford algebra is an exterior algebra; i.e., a Clifford algebra degenerates to an exterior algebra.

Generalization to multiplicative filtrations

The associated graded can also be defined more generally for multiplicative descending filtrations of R (see also filtered ring.) Let F be a descending chain of ideals of the form

[R=I_{0}\supset I_{1}\supset I_{2}\supset \dotsb ]

such that [I_{j}I_{k}\subset I_{{j+k}}]. The graded ring associated with this filtration is [{\displaystyle \operatorname {gr} _{F}R=\bigoplus _{n=0}^{\infty }I_{n}/I_{n+1}}]. Multiplication and the initial form map are defined as above.


Associated graded ring

* Graded (mathematics)
  * Rees algebra
  * Eisenbud, David (1995). Commutative Algebra. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 150. New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5350-1. ISBN 0-387-94268-8. MR 1322960.
  * Matsumura, Hideyuki (1989). Commutative ring theory. Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics. Vol. 8. Translated from the Japanese by M. Reid (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-36764-6. MR 1011461.
  * Zariski, Oscar; Samuel, Pierre (1975), Commutative algebra. Vol. II, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-0-387-90171-8, MR 0389876


Bill Gallagher (baseball)

For other people named William Gallagher, see William Gallagher (disambiguation).

William John Gallagher was a Major League Baseball outfielder and pitcher. He played in the American Association for the 1883 Baltimore Orioles, in the National League for the 1883 Philadelphia Quakers and in the Union Association for the 1884 Philadelphia Keystones.

  * Baseball Reference.com page


French cruiser Roland

For other ships with the same name, see French ship Roland.

Roland was an unprotected cruiser of the Villars class built for the French Navy in the 1870s, the fourth and final member of the class. The ships were designed for service in the French colonial empire, and they carried a relatively heavy battery of fifteen 138.6 mm (5.46 in) guns, and could steam at a speed of 14.5 knots (26.9 km/h; 16.7 mph). The ship was laid down in 1877 and she was completed in 1884. She was deployed to East Asia during the Sino-French War in January 1885, but the conflict had ended by the time she arrived. After completing her tour in East Asian waters, she served a stint in the North Atlantic Squadron from 1890, a role she filled for much of the decade, between periods out of service in reserve. Roland was ultimately struck from the naval register in 1897 and sold for scrap the following year.

Design

Main article: Villars-class cruiser

Plan and profile view of the Villars class

The four ships of the Villars class were ordered under the auspices of the naval plan of 1872, which was laid out to modernize the French Navy in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. The navy sought new unprotected cruisers that carried a heavier armament than earlier vessels, while maintaining a similar size to keep costs from increasing during a period of limited naval budgets. The design for the ships was drawn up by Victorin Sabattier. The vessels were intended to serve overseas in the French colonial empire.


French cruiser Roland

Roland was 74.27 m (243 ft 8 in) long at the waterline, with a beam of 11.6 m (38 ft 1 in) and an average draft of 5.3 m (17 ft 5 in). She displaced 2,419 t (2,381 long tons; 2,666 short tons) as designed. The ship had a ram bow and an overhanging stern. Her crew amounted to 269 officers and enlisted men. The ship's propulsion system consisted of a single compound steam engine driving a screw propeller. Steam was provided by six coal-burning fire-tube boilers that were ducted into a single funnel. Her machinery was rated to produce 2,700 indicated horsepower (2,000 kW) for a top speed of 14.5 knots (26.9 km/h; 16.7 mph). At a more economical speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph), the ship could steam for 4,810 nautical miles (8,910 km; 5,540 mi).

The ship was armed with a main battery of fifteen 138.6 mm (5.46 in) M1870M 21.3-caliber guns. Two were placed in the forecastle, firing through embrasures as chase guns, one was atop the stern, and the remainder were placed in an amidships battery on the upper deck, six guns per broadside. Of the broadside guns, the forward three on each side were placed in sponsons, while the remaining three guns were in pivot mounts firing through embrasures. A pair of 37 mm (1.5 in) Hotchkiss revolver cannon provided close-range defense against torpedo boats. She also carried a pair of 86.5 mm (3.41 in) bronze mountain guns or a single 65 mm (2.6 in) field gun that could be sent ashore with a landing party.

Service history

Roland in Algiers, French Algeria, in 1886


French cruiser Roland

Roland in Algiers, French Algeria, in 1886

The keel for Roland was laid down at the Arsenal de Cherbourg (Cherbourg Naval Base) on 2 July 1877, though some assembly work had already begun on 8 May; she was the last member of the class to be built. The ship, named after Rear Admiral Pierre-Nicolas Rolland (and is therefore sometimes referred to as Rolland), was launched on 14 October 1882. She was commissioned to begin sea trials on 25 March 1884, including full power testing carried out on 15 July. The ship was pronounced completed the following month, and on 1 August she was allocated to the 2nd category of reserve. She was transferred to the 3rd category of reserve on 5 November, before being commissioned on 21 January 1885 for a deployment to French Indochina in East Asia during the Sino-French War.

The ship was sent to reinforce the Escadre de l'Extrême-Orient (Far East Squadron), along with the ironclad warship Turenne and the cruisers Magon, Primauguet, Limier, and Hugon, and several gunboats and smaller craft. The ships departed Brest on 21 February and stopped in Algiers, French Algeria, on 3 March while en route. By 25 April, they had arrived on station in French Indochina, though a preliminary peace agreement had already been signed on 4 April, so the ships saw no action during the war.Roland remained in the unit, along with the ironclads La Galissonnière (the flagship), Turenne, and Triomphante, the cruisers Lapérouse, Primauguet and Champlain, and two gunboats.

In 1890, the ship had been assigned to the North Atlantic Squadron, along with the unprotected cruisers Aréthuse, Kerguelen, and Sané and the sloop Bisson.Roland was laid up, before being reactivated in September 1894 to relieve Magon on the North Atlantic Squadron.Roland, the cruiser Duquesne, and a sloop.Dubourdieu.Roland was replaced by the unprotected cruiser Rigault de Genouilly.Roland was struck from the naval register on 19 May 1897 and sold at Lorient on 5 November 1898 to be broken up.


French cruiser Roland

* Brassey, Thomas, ed. (1890). "Chapter V: The Foreign Stations". The Naval Annual. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 64–68. OCLC 496786828.
  * Brassey, Thomas A. (1895). "Chapter III: Relative Strength". The Naval Annual. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 49–59. OCLC 496786828.
  * Brassey, Thomas A. (1896). "Chapter III: Relative Strength". The Naval Annual. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 61–71. OCLC 496786828.
  * Brassey, Thomas A. (1897). "Chapter III: Relative Strength". The Naval Annual. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 56–77. OCLC 496786828.
  * Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 283–333. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
  * Garbett, H., ed. (July 1894). "Naval and Military Notes". Journal of the Royal United Service Institution. London: J. J. Keliher. XXXVIII (197): 769–788. OCLC 8007941.
  * Loir, M. (1886). L'escadre de l'amiral Courbet, notes et souvenirs [The Squadron of Admiral Courbet, Notes and Memories] (in French). Paris: Berger-Levrault. OCLC 457536196.
  * Olender, Piotr (2012). Sino-French Naval War 1884–1885. Sandomir: Stratus. ISBN 978-83-61421-53-5.
  * Roberts, Stephen (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914. Barnsley: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.


French cruiser Roland

* Ropp, Theodore (1987). Roberts, Stephen S. (ed.). The Development of a Modern Navy: French Naval Policy, 1871–1904. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-141-6.
  * Wright, Christopher (2021). "The Deployment of the French Station Battleship Turenne, 1885–1890". Warship International. Toledo: International Naval Research Organization. 58 (3): 248–250. ISSN 0043-0374.


French cruiser Nielly

Nielly was an unprotected cruiser of the Lapérouse class built for the French Navy in the 1870s and 1880s. The ship was intended to serve abroad in the French colonial empire, and was ordered to strengthen the fleet after the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War. To allow the ship to cruise for long distances, she was fitted with a full ship rig to supplement her steam engine, and she carried a main battery of fifteen 138.6 mm (5.46 in) guns. Her top speed under steam was 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).

Following the start of the Sino-French War in August 1884, Nielly was mobilized to strengthen the French Far East Squadron under Amédée Courbet. After arriving in late 1884, she joined the blockade of Formosa. In January 1885, Courbet took a group of ships, including Nielly, to search for elements of the Chinese Nanyang Fleet, which were reported to be steaming to attack the blockade force. During the Battle of Shipu, Nielly and the other vessels failed to catch the faster Chinese cruisers, but trapped a pair of smaller vessels Shipu, which were later sunk by French launches armed with spar torpedoes. After the war ended later that year, Nielly shifted to the Indian Ocean, where she was present for the final stage of the First Madagascar expedition, which secured a protectorate over the island. She joined the Atlantic squadron in the early 1890s, and by 1899, she had returned to Madagascar, before returning to France in 1901. She was ultimately sold to ship breakers the following year.

Design

Main article: Lapérouse-class cruiser

Plan and profile sketch of the Lapérouse class

The four ships of the Lapérouse class were ordered under the auspices of the naval plan of 1872, which was laid out to modernize the French Navy in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871. The navy sought new unprotected cruisers that carried a heavier armament than earlier vessels, while maintaining a similar size to keep costs from increasing during a period of limited naval budgets. The design for the ships was drawn up by Arthur Bienaymé as part of a competition that also resulted in the subsequent and very similar Villars-class cruisers. The Lapérouse-class ships were intended to serve overseas in the French colonial empire.


French cruiser Nielly

Nielly was 79.5 m (260 ft 10 in) long at the waterline, with a beam of 11.4 m (37 ft 5 in) and an average draft of 5.3 m (17 ft 5 in). She displaced 2,320 t (2,280 long tons; 2,560 short tons) as designed. The ship had a ram bow and an overhanging stern. Her crew amounted to 264 officers and enlisted men. The ship's propulsion system consisted of a single compound steam engine driving a screw propeller. Steam was provided by six coal-burning fire-tube boilers that were ducted into a pair of funnels placed side-by-side. Her machinery was rated to produce 2,160 indicated horsepower (1,610 kW) for a top speed of 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). At a more economical speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph), the ship could steam for 4,980 nautical miles (9,220 km; 5,730 mi). She had a full ship rig to supplement her steam engine on long voyages overseas.

The ship was armed with a main battery of fifteen 138.6 mm (5.46 in) M1870M 21.3-caliber guns. Two were placed atop the forecastle as chase guns, one was on the stern, and the remainder were placed in an amidships battery on the upper deck, six guns per broadside. The broadside guns were in pivot mounts firing through embrasures. A pair of 37 mm (1.5 in) Hotchkiss revolver cannon provided close-range defense against torpedo boats. She also carried four 86.5 mm (3.41 in) bronze cannon that could be sent ashore with a landing party or used to arm the ship's boats.

Service history


French cruiser Nielly

Service history

Nielly was laid down at the Arsenal de Brest shipyard in Brest on 16 August 1876.Joseph-Marie Nielly, noted for his service at the Fourth Battle of Ushant.hull was launched on 25 May 1880, and she was commissioned to begin sea trials on 1 January 1881. She carried out full-power tests on 10 March, during which she made 15.22 knots (28.19 km/h; 17.51 mph). Her initial testing was completed later that month, and on 26 March she was placed in the 2nd category of reserve. She was reduced to the 3rd category of reserve on 7 August, and remained there until 22 August 1884, when she was recommissioned for a deployment to the Far East. During her time in reserve, the ship had another five 37 mm guns installed to strengthen her defense against torpedo boats.

Sino-French War

Main article: Sino-French War

Nielly arrived in East Asia by October,Sino-French War had begun over Chinese objections to the French interference in Tonkin during the Tonkin campaign. By then, the Far East Squadron, commanded by Rear Admiral Amédée Courbet, that time, also included the ironclad warships La Galissonnière (the flagship) and Triomphante, the unprotected cruisers Duguay-Trouin, Villars, D'Estaing, Volta, Rigault de Genouilly, and Champlain, and the gunboat Lutin.Fujian Fleet at the Battle of Fuzhou and embarked on a blockade of Formosa to support the Keelung campaign, and Nielly joined the squadron there. The blockade was not particularly effective, however, as the French lacked sufficient numbers of vessels to enforce it.

Battle of Shipu

Map of French and Chinese dispositions at the Battle of Shipu

Main article: Battle of Shipu


French cruiser Nielly

Main article: Battle of Shipu

In January 1885, Courbet received word that elements of the Chinese Nanyang Fleet under Admiral Wu Ankang had sortied and were steaming south to try to break the blockade of Formosa. Accordingly, he assembled a force that included Nielly, the ironclads Bayard and Triomphante, the cruiser Éclaireur, and the gunboat Aspic, along with a supporting transport. He ordered Nielly and Triomphante to meet his other ships at Matsu at the mouth of the Min river on 3 February. By this time, the cruiser Duguay-Trouin had also joined Courbet's squadron. Courbet initially believed the Chinese squadron would attempt to reach Fuzhou via the Min river and sought to block their path on 6 February. The Chinese squadron was not there, and so Courbet took his ships north to Zhoushan to search for the Nanyang Fleet on 7 February. They arrived there four days later to find the harbor empty, so the French steamed further north to search the mouth of the Yangtze river. Duguay-Trouin was short of coal, so he ordered her to Keelung to coal.


French cruiser Nielly

By 12 February, Courbet had received word that Wu's ships had been spotted in Samsen Bay near Ningbo, so he ordered his ships cleared for action and back south. At dawn the following morning, lookouts aboard Éclaireur spotted five ships in the distance at about 07:00. Wu's squadron consisted of the unprotected cruisers Kai Chi, Nan Chen, and Nan Shui, the steam frigate Yuyuen, and the sloop Teng Ching; he had initially sought battle with the French, but upon realizing the superiority of Courbet's squadron, Wu decided to detach the slower Yuyuen and Teng Ching to seek shelter in Shipu, while his faster cruisers fled south. Courbet ordered his ships to steam at least 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph) to try to catch Wu's cruisers, but Triomphante and Aspic could not keep this speed and so he sent them to blockade Yuyuen and Teng Ching in Shipu. Courbet continued his pursuit of Wu with Nielly, Éclaireur, and Bayard, but he soon realized that he could not catch the Chinese ships, which were capable of 14 to 15 knots (26 to 28 km/h; 16 to 17 mph), and so he rejoined the rest of his squadron at Shipu at around 13:00.


French cruiser Nielly

Unable to enter the narrow waterways that led to Shipu's harbor, Courbet arrayed his ships to block the largest channels out and then sent steam launches to explore the approaches to the harbor. With the knowledge gained, he sent a pair of launches armed with spar torpedoes on the night of 14–15 February to attack the two Chinese vessels, sinking them both. The French learned that both vessels had been sunk on 16 February, allowing them to end the blockade. Nielly and Triomphante sailed for Keelung, while the rest of the squadron departed for Matsu.Nielly, Lapérouse, Champlain, Rigault de Genouilly, and the gunboat Vipère to blockade the mouth of the Yangtze river on mainland China. The French blockade effort, which included other ports, proved to be effective at interrupting the movement of rice crops from southern China north. By this time, secret negotiations between French and Chinese representatives had already begun, as both countries were losing patience with the costly war, and in April, an agreement was reached that was formally signed on 9 June, ending the war.

Later career

With the conflict over, the French began dispersing the warships that had gathered in East Asia; Nielly was transferred to the Indian Ocean division.First Madagascar expedition was nearing its close; when the conflict ended in December that year, Nielly was sent to neighboring Zanzibar to announce the establishment of a French protectorate over Madagascar.Nielly replaced the cruiser Naïade as the flagship of the Indian Ocean division.

By the end of the 1880s, Nielly had returned to France. She was scheduled to take part in the fleet maneuvers for 1890, but she was damaged in an accident just before the exercises were to begin, and so she was unable to participate.Nielly was stationed at Brest, along with the cruisers Forfait and Éclaireur and the coastal defense ships Fulminant and Tempête. The ships were mobilized in June to take part in limited training exercises. days, and were sent to sea individually for training; no organized maneuvers were held that year.

By 1893, Nielly had joined the Atlantic squadron, which also included Naïade and Rigault de Genouilly. In September, the three ships visited Boston in the United States.Nielly and the other two cruisers were placed in the 2nd category of reserve.


French cruiser Nielly

In early 1899, Nielly was sent back to the Indian Ocean division.Boer War, Nielly was sent to intercept the French merchant vessel Geronde, which was falsely said to be carrying arms to the Boer republics.D'Estaing, the protected cruiser Catinat, and the gunboat Scorpion.Infernet was commissioned to relieve Nielly in the Indian Ocean.Nielly had arrived in Brest, where she was paid off into the 2nd category of reserve.naval register on 18 January 1902, allocated for sale on 24 May, and was sold on 25 September to ship breakers in Brest.


French cruiser Nielly

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nielly (ship, 1880).
  * "A Pictorial Record By Many Hands". The Navy and Army Illustrated. London: Hudson & Kearns. VIII (114). 8 April 1899.
  * Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 283–333. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
  * Fitchett, W. H., ed. (20 December 1901). "Boer Tricks". The Review of Reviews For Australasia. Melbourne: The Review Publishing Co. XIX (6): 595.
  * Garbett, H., ed. (June 1894). "Naval and Military Notes". Journal of the Royal United Services Institution. London: Harrison & Sons. XXXVIII (196): 657–672.
  * Garbett, H., ed. (February 1895). "Naval and Military Notes". Journal of the Royal United Services Institution. London: Harrison & Sons. XXXIX (204): 199–217.
  * Garbett, H., ed. (February 1901). "Naval Notes: France". Journal of the Royal United Service Institution. London: J. J. Keliher & Co. XLV (276): 196–199. OCLC 1077860366.
  * Garbett, H., ed. (May 1901). "Naval Notes". Journal of the Royal United Service Institution. London: J. J. Keliher & Co. XLV (279): 606–625. OCLC 1077860366.
  * Hale, Lonsdale, ed. (October 1891). "The French Naval Manoeuvres of 1891". Journal of the Royal United Services Institution. London: Harrison & Sons. XXXV (164): 1102–1108.


French cruiser Nielly

* Jordan, John & Caresse, Philippe (2017). French Battleships of World War One. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-639-1.
  * Loir, M. (1886). L'escadre de l'amiral Courbet, notes et souvenirs [The Squadron of Admiral Courbet, Notes and Memories] (in French). Paris: Berger-Levrault. OCLC 457536196.
  * "Madagascar". Appleton's Annual Cyclopædia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1886. New York: D. Appleton & Co. XXVI: 516–519. 1889.
  * Olender, Piotr (2012). Sino-French Naval War 1884–1885. Sandomir: Stratus. ISBN 978-83-61421-53-5.
  * "Personal Items". United States Army and Navy Journal: Gazette of the Regular and Volunteer Forces. New York: Publication Office. XXXI (4): 52–54. 16 September 1893.
  * Roberts, Stephen (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914. Barnsley: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
  * Rodgers, Charles G. (1891). "The Naval Manoeuvres of 1890". The Year's Naval Progress. Information From Abroad. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office: 225–278.
  * Ropp, Theodore (1987). Roberts, Stephen S. (ed.). The Development of a Modern Navy: French Naval Policy, 1871–1904. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-141-6.
  * Thursfield, J. R. (1892). Brassey, Thomas A. (ed.). "Foreign Naval Manoeuvres". The Naval Annual. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 61–88. OCLC 496786828.


French cruiser Kléber

Kléber was one of three Dupleix-class armored cruisers built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) in the first decade of the 20th century. Designed for overseas service and armed with eight 164.7-millimeter (6.5 in) guns, the ships were smaller and less powerfully armed than their predecessors. Completed in 1904, Kléber was initially assigned to the Mediterranean Squadron (Escadre de la Méditerranée) before she was transferred to the Atlantic Division (Division de l'Atlantique) three years later, where she often served as a flagship. The ship was reduced to reserve in 1909–1910 before she was sent to the Far East in 1911. Kléber returned to France two years later and was again placed in reserve.

As tensions rose shortly before the beginning of World War I in August 1914, the ship was reactivated. When the war began she was assigned to defend Allied shipping in the English Channel and intercept German ships attempting to pass through. Transferred back to the Mediterranean in 1915, Kléber played a minor role on the periphery of the Gallipoli Campaign until a resurgence in German commerce raiding caused the Allies to transfer more cruisers to the Atlantic to protect their shipping in mid-1916. The ship was deemed surplus to requirements the following year; on her way back to France to decommission, Kléber struck a naval mine on 27 June and sank with the loss of 38 crewmen.

Design and description

The Dupleix-class ships were much smaller and more lightly armed than the preceding Jeanne d'Arc. They measured 132.1 meters (433 ft 5 in) long overallbeam of 17.8 meters (58 ft 5 in) and had a maximum draft of 7.46 meters (24 ft 6 in). The cruisers displaced 7,700 metric tons (7,578 long tons) as designed. They normally had a crew of 19 officers and 550 enlisted men, but accommodated 24 officers and 583 enlisted men when serving as a flagship.


French cruiser Kléber

The sister ships' propulsion machinery consisted of three vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving a single propeller shaft, using steam provided by water-tube boilers, but the types of machinery differed between them. Kléber had three-cylinder engines that used 20 Niclausse boilers at a working pressure 18 kg/cm2 (1,765 kPa; 256 psi). The engines of all three ships were designed to produce a total of 17,100 metric horsepower (12,600 kW) that was intended to give them a maximum speed of 21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph). Only Kléber exceeded their designed speed during her sea trials on 14 October 1903, attaining 21.5 knots (39.8 km/h; 24.7 mph) from 17,177 metric horsepower (12,634 kW). The sisters carried up to 1,200 metric tons (1,200 long tons; 1,300 short tons) of coal and could steam for 6,450 nautical miles (11,950 km; 7,420 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).

Armament and protection

The ships of the Dupleix class had a main armament that consisted of eight quick-firing (QF) Canon de 164.7 mm Modèle 1893–1896 guns. They were mounted in four twin gun turrets, one each fore and aft of the superstructure and a pair of wing turrets amidships.secondary armament consisted of four QF Canon de 100 mm (3.9 in) Modèle de 1893 guns on single mounts in unprotected casemates in the hull. For defense against torpedo boats, they carried ten 47-millimeter (1.9 in) and four 37-millimeter (1.5 in) Hotchkiss guns, all of which were on single mounts.450-millimeter (17.7 in) torpedo tubes, one on each broadside.


French cruiser Kléber

The nickel steel armor belt of the Dupleix-class cruisers covered the entire waterline length of the ship except for 18.9 meters (62 ft)102 millimeters (4 in) thick, although it reduced to 84 millimeters (3.3 in) in front of the forward turret. The curved protective deck had a total thickness of 42 millimeters (1.7 in) on the flat and 70 millimeters (2.8 in) on the upper part of the curved portion where it met the bottom edge of the belt armor. The face and sides of the gun turrets were protected by 110-millimeter (4.3 in) Harvey face-hardened armor plates. The armor protection of the gun barbettes was 120 millimeters (4.7 in) thick. The sides of the elliptical conning tower were 100 to 120 millimeters thick.

Service history

Kléber and the protected cruiser Galilée at Tangier illustrated in Le Petit Parisien in 1904


French cruiser Kléber

Named after the French Revolutionary-era General Jean-Baptiste Kléber,Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde on 28 December 1897. Construction was considerably delayed when the armament configuration was revised after the ship had already been laid down; the contract for Kléber was revised to account for the changes on 22 August 1899. Kléber was laid down at their shipyard in Bordeaux in early 1899launched on 20 September 1902.commissioned on 4 July 1904. The ship cost 19,258,000 francs.Kléber was assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet's Light Squadron (Escadre légère) upon completion, together with her sister Desaix. The latter ship was transferred away in September 1905, but rejoined the squadron in November 1906, replacing Kléber which was transferred to the Atlantic where she became the flagship of the Antilles Division (Division des Antilles).cargo ship, the 2,183-gross register ton (GRT) iron-hulled screw steamer Hugoma, on the Mississippi River off New Orleans, Louisiana, on 20 February 1907. Hugoma subsequently sank in 100 feet (30 m) of water. There were 25 people on board the freighter, and sources disagree as to whether all of them survived or seven crewmen died.Kléber was visiting New York City, together with the armored cruiser Victor Hugo and the protected cruiser Chasseloup-Laubat. The trio sailed to Jamestown, Virginia, on 31 May where they participated in the Jamestown Exposition and in the naval review presided over by President Theodore Roosevelt on 10 June.

In January 1908 Kléber became flagship of the Moroccan Division (Division du Maroc) and was placed in reserve the following year. In 1911 the ship was assigned to the Far East Naval Division (Division navale de l'Extrême-Orient), joining her sister Dupleix. Kléber struck an uncharted reef on 12 July 1912 and received temporary repairs at Kobe, Japan, before returning to Lorient, France, in January 1913 where she returned to reserve.

World War I


French cruiser Kléber

World War I

As tensions rose during the July Crisis of 1914, Kléber, Desaix and the other cruisers in reserve were reactivated. The sisters were assigned to the 3rd Light Division (3e Division légère (DL)) of the 2nd Light Squadron (Escadre 2e légère) which was tasked to defend the English Channel in conjunction with the British. The 3rd DL was on station in the western end of the Channel by 4 August, where their mission was to intercept German shipping and provide distant cover for the smaller ships escorting the transports conveying the British Expeditionary Force to France. In early September, Kléber and the armored cruisers Gloire and Gueydon established a new patrol line further south off the southern coast of Brittany.

Kléber's damaged bow after the collision

Improved defenses in the Channel and the stabilization of the front in early 1915 allowed the cruisers to be released from their tasks, so Kléber was transferred to the Dardanelles to support Allied forces in the Gallipoli Campaign in May. She was assigned to the Dardanelles Squadron (Escadre des Dardanelles) when that unit was formed on 16 May. The ship briefly ran aground off Scala Nuova Bay and was engaged by coastal artillery without effect before she could free herself. Kléber, Dupleix, and the armored cruisers Bruix and Latouche-Tréville were now assigned to blockade the coast of Asia Minor, based out of Lesbos.Kléber collided with the Royal Australian Navy troopship HMT Boorara in the Aegean Sea on 17 July 1915, forcing Boorara to beach herself on Mudros and damaging the cruiser's bow.

After the Kingdom of Bulgaria joined the Central Powers in mid-October, Kléber, the Russian protected cruiser Askold and four destroyers was tasked to raid the Aegean coast of Bulgaria between Dedeagatch and Porto Lago while other forces bombarded the former town and its nearby railroad junction on 21 October. The successes of merchant raiders like Möwe in 1916 caused the Allies to transfer cruisers to the Atlantic to protect their shipping. Kléber became the flagship of a new 6th DL, which consisted of all three sisters, in July 1916, based in Dakar, French West Africa.


French cruiser Kléber

To release manpower for higher-priority patrol boats, the 6th DL was reduced to two ships and renamed the Coast of Africa Division (Division navale de la côte d'Afrique) on 18 May 1917; Contre-amiral (Rear Admiral) Louis Jaurès transferred his flag to Dupleix. En route to Brest, France, Kléber struck a mine at 06:00 on 27 June that the German U-boat UC-61 had laid off the Iroise entrance to Brest. The mine exploded abreast the forward boiler rooms, knocking them and the forward auxiliary machine room offline. The aft boilers were only operable for 20 more minutes before bulkheads began to give way at 06:30 and abandon ship was ordered. Nearby fishing trawlers, a French torpedo boat and a British steamship were able to rescue all but 38 of her crew.

  * Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4.
  * Corbett, Julian (1997) [1940]. Naval Operations. History of the Great War: Based on Official Documents. Vol. III (2nd ed.). London; Nashville, Tennessee: Imperial War Museum in association with the Battery Press. ISBN 1-870423-50-X.
  * Jordan, John & Caresse, Philippe (2019). French Armoured Cruisers 1887–1932. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4118-9.
  * Sieche, Erwin F. (1990). "Austria-Hungary's Last Visit to the USA". Warship International. XXVII (2): 142–164. ISSN 0043-0374.
  * Silverstone, Paul H. (1984). Directory of the World's Capital Ships. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN 0-88254-979-0.


French cruiser Naïade

For other ships with the same name, see French ship Naïade.

Naïade was an unprotected cruiser of the French Navy that was built in the late 1870s and early 1880s.

Design

In 1878, the French Navy embarked on a program of cruiser construction authorized by the Conseil des Travaux (Council of Works) for a strategy aimed at attacking British merchant shipping in the event of war. The program called for ships of around 3,000 long tons (3,048 t) with a speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph). Four vessels were ordered, including Naïade; the vessels were dated designs more similar to the first screw frigates that had been built in the 1850s than the latest protected cruisers being designed abroad. Naïade and the other three vessels were the final generation of unprotected cruisers built in France, that type thereafter being replaced by protected cruisers beginning with Sfax in the early 1880s.

The design for Naïade was prepared in 1877 by Romain Leopold Eynaud, which was selected by the Conseil des Travaux on 10 July. Eynaud's work incorporated features of the British corvette Boadicea, the plans for which had been given to France by Britain. Albert Gicquel des Touches, the Minister of the Navy, and Vice Admiral Albert Roussin made several alterations to Eynaud's design, including improvements to the machinery, more modern guns, substitution of iron for wood in the hull construction, and the addition of watertight compartments. The updated plan was approved on 4 February 1878.

Characteristics

Naïade was 72.53 m (238 ft) long at the waterline and 74.86 m (246 ft) long between perpendiculars, with a beam of 14.15 m (46 ft 5 in) and an average draft of 6.69 m (22 ft). She displaced 3,527 t (3,471 long tons).clipper bow and an overhanging stern. She had a forecastle and sterncastle. The ship had no armor protection. officers and enlisted men.


French cruiser Naïade

The ship was propelled by a single horizontal, 3-cylinder compound steam engine that drove a screw propeller. Steam was provided by eight coal-burning fire-tube boilers that were ducted into a single funnel located amidships. Coal storage amounted to 450 long tons (460 t). The power plant was rated to produce 3,300 indicated horsepower (2,500 kW), but during her initial speed testing, they only reached 2,412 ihp (1,799 kW) for a top speed of 13.87 knots (25.69 km/h; 15.96 mph). The ship carried 503 t (495 long tons) of coal, and at a cruising speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph), Naïade could steam for 5,810 nautical miles (10,760 km; 6,690 mi). To supplement her steam engines, she was fitted with a three-masted full ship rig.

As originally built, the ship was armed with a main battery of four 164.7 mm (6.48 in) M1870 21-caliber (cal.) guns; two were placed in embrasures in the bow as chase guns, and the other pair were at the stern. These were supported by a secondary battery of sixteen 138.6 mm (5.46 in) M1870 21.3-cal. guns in a broadside battery, eight guns per side. In addition, she carried a pair of 350 mm (14 in) torpedo tubes above the waterline; these were on moveable carriages that were typically placed in broadside ports just ahead of the battery, but could be moved to launching ports in the bow or stern.


French cruiser Naïade

The ship's armament underwent several alterations over the course of her career. As completed in 1883, the two stern 165 mm guns were replaced with 138.6 M1870M 21.3-cal. guns, and ten of the battery guns were replaced with the updated M1870M variants. Ten 37 mm (1.5 in) guns were added to provide close-range defense against torpedo boats. In 1886, the remaining 164.7 mm guns were replaced with M1881 guns of the same caliber, but they were moved down a deck level. A pair of 65 mm (2.6 in) guns and a single 47 mm (1.9 in) gun were added in 1890, and three 37 mm M1885 quick-firing guns were installed in 1894.

Service history

Naïade visiting the United States in 1893

The new ship was ordered on 24 January 1878 and the keel for Naïade was laid down on 25 February at the Arsenal de Brest. She was launched on 6 January 1881 and was commissioned to begin sea trials in June 1882. The initial testing revealed significant problems with her engines. She was placed in reserve for modifications on 9 August, before being recommissioned on 20 February 1883. She carried out further trials, which lasted until 11 May. The ship was pronounced complete and then reduced to reserve status on 1 June.

On 10 August 1883, Naïade was recommissioned for an overseas deployment. She was sent to French Madagascar to replace the old cruiser Flore. Naïade remained there for the next three years, patrolling the region and protecting French interests in the Indian Ocean.flagship of a squadron that also included the cruisers Forfait, Lapérouse, and Limier, the gunboats Pique, Chacal, and Capricorne, and the aviso Labourdonnais. The ships were supported by a pair of transport vessels.Nielly.


French cruiser Naïade

After Naïade returned to France, she was modernized slightly and thereafter used for training. The navy considered replacing the ship's M1870 guns with improved M1870M guns during another refit in 1892, but the proposal came to nothing. Instead, she received eight new Belleville boilers. In 1893, while serving as the flagship of the Division navale volante et d'instruction (Flying and Training Naval Division), she visited New York, United States.Nielly and Rigault de Genouilly.Naïade and the other two cruisers were placed in the 2nd category of reserve.naval register on 1 December 1899 and was then sold on 29 March 1900 to a M. Pitel of Brest, France, where she was subsequently broken up.


French cruiser Naïade

* Brassey, Thomas, ed. (1886). "List of French Ships in Commission". The Naval Annual. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 486–490. OCLC 496786828.
  * Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 283–333. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
  * Garbett, H., ed. (June 1894). "Naval and Military Notes". Journal of the Royal United Services Institution. London: Harrison & Sons. XXXVIII (196): 657–672.
  * Garbett, H., ed. (February 1895). "Naval and Military Notes". Journal of the Royal United Services Institution. London: Harrison & Sons. XXXIX (204): 199–217.
  * Oliver, S. Pasfield (June 1886). Jones, W. Gore (ed.). "French Operations in Madagascar, 1883–1885". Journal of the Royal United Services Institution. London: Harrison & Sons. XXX (136): 1071–1132.
  * Roberts, Stephen (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914. Barnsley: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
  * Ropp, Theodore (1987). Roberts, Stephen S. (ed.). The Development of a Modern Navy: French Naval Policy, 1871–1904. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-141-6.


For the Cool in You

This article is about the album. For the title track from the album, see For the Cool in You (song).
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source                         Rating
AllMusic
Philadelphia Inquirer
The Rolling Stone Album Guide

For the Cool in You is the third studio album by American R&B musician and songwriter Babyface. The album was released on August 24, 1993. The album reached number sixteen on the US Billboard 200 and at number two on the Top R&B Albums chart. The album spawned five singles, the lead single (and title track) "For the Cool in You" (US No. 81, R&B No. 10), "Never Keeping Secrets" (US No. 15, R&B No. 3), "And Our Feelings" (US No. 21, R&B No. 7), "Rock Bottom", and "When Can I See You" which became his biggest (and third) top-ten hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number four, and reaching number six on the Hot R&B Singles chart.

The album received a nomination in the category of Best Male R&B Vocal Performance at the 37th Grammy Awards. On January 29, 1997, the album was certified 3× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Track listing

For the Cool in You track listing
No.            Title                    Writer(s)                       Length
1.             "For the Cool in You"      * Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds  4:54
                                          * Daryl Simmons
2.             "Lady, Lady"             Edmonds                         4:23
3.             "Never Keeping Secrets"  Edmonds                         4:53
                                          * Edmonds
4.             "Rock Bottom"              * Antonio "L.A." Reid         4:45
                                          * Simmons
5.             "And Our Feelings"         * Edmonds                     5:42
                                          * Simmons
                                          * Edmonds
6.             "Saturday"                 * Reid                        3:44
                                          * Simmons
7.             "When Can I See You"     Edmonds                         3:49
8.             "Illusions"              Edmonds                         5:24
9.             "A Bit Old-Fashioned"    Edmonds                         2:56
10.            "You Are So Beautiful"     * Bruce Fisher                3:16
                                          * Billy Preston
                                          * Edmonds
11.            "I'll Always Love You"     * Reid                        4:34
                                          * Simmons
12.            "Well Alright"           Edmonds                         4:01
Total length:  52:21


For the Cool in You

2001 re-issue bonus tracks
No.            Title                                                  Writer(s)    Length
13.            "For the Cool in You" (Quiet Storm Vocal Mix)            * Edmonds  4:57
                                                                        * Simmons
14.            "When Can I See You" (Urban Soul Basement Mix)         Edmonds      6:15
15.            "For the Cool in You" (Midnight Luv Instrumental Mix)    * Edmonds  4:55
                                                                        * Simmons
Total length:  68:28

  * "Well Alright" was originally released on the Poetic Justice soundtrack album, June 1993.

Personnel

Credits adapted from liner notes.

  * Lead vocals, backing vocals, keyboards, bass guitar, executive producer – Babyface
  * Background vocals – Anthony Kemp, Daryl Simmons, After 7
  * Skins (Drum programming) – L.A. Reid
  * Bottom (bass) – Kayo
  * Saxophone – Larry Jackson
  * MIDI programming – Donald Parks, Randy Walker
  * Recording engineers – Jim Zumpano, Brad Gilderman
  * Assistant engineers – John Frye, Lori Fumar, Steve Warner, Kevin Becks, Milton Chan, Eduardo Correa, Kimm James, Jason Shablik, Ray Silva, Thom Russo
  * Mixing – Dave Way, Barney Perkins
  * Mastering – Herb Powers, Jr.
  * Production coordinator – Ivy Skoff
  * Art direction – Marc Bennett Studio
  * Photography – Rick Day
  * Stylists – Bernard Jacobs, Anthony Mitchell

Charts

Weekly charts                                    Year-end charts

Chart (1993)                           Peak      Chart (1993)                           Position
                                       position  US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)     25
Australian Albums (ARIA)                  46
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)                 49     Chart (1994)                           Position
US Billboard 200                          16     US Billboard 200                          72
US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)     2      US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)  12

Certifications

Region                                             Certification  Certified units/sales
Canada (Music Canada)                              Gold           50,000^
United States (RIAA)                               3× Platinum    3,000,000^
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.


For the Damned, the Dumb & the Delirious is the sixth studio album by the Boston ska punk band Big D and the Kids Table, released on July 5, 2011 by Side One Dummy Records. The two men pictured on the album cover are Jon Cauztik from the Have Nots and Mark Unseen from The Unseen.

The album is dedicated to Mitchell Dubey, a 23-year-old California-born punk musician and bicycle repairman who was murdered in New Haven, Connecticut in March 2011.

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source          Rating
Allmusic
Rockfreaks.net

Track listing

All songs written by Big D and the Kids Table unless otherwise noted.

 1. "Walls"
 2. "Clothes Off" (Big D and the Kids Table/Brian Klemm)
 3. "Modern American Gypsy"
 4. "Best of Them All"
 5. "Rotten"
 6. "Brain's-a-Bomb"
 7. "My Buddy's Back"
 8. "Stringers"
 9. "Destination Gone Astray" (Big D and the Kids Table/Sean P. Rogan)
10. "Roxbury (Roots n' Shoots)"
11. "Home"
12. "It's Raining Zombies on Wall Street"
13. "Set Me Straight"
14. "Not Our Fault"
15. "Riot Girl"
16. "Good Looking"
17. "One Day"
18. "As Long as We're Still Cool" (Bonus Track, track 30 on CD)

Personnel

  * David McWane – Vocals
  * Sean P. Rogan - Vocals, Guitar, Harmonica
  * Nick Pantazi – Guitar
  * Steve Foote – Bass Guitar, Ukulele
  * Derek Davis – Drums
  * Ryan O’Connor – Saxophone, Melodica
  * Chris Lucca – Trumpet
  * Dan Stoppelman – Trumpet
  * Paul Cuttler – Trombone
  * Kyle M. Bagley - Trombone
  * Gabe Feenberg - Accordion
  * Anthony Carone - Piano, Organ
  * Paul Dussault - Baritone Saxophone
  * Gabe Rossi - Fiddle
  * Sirae Richardson - Vocals
  * Haley Jane - Vocals
  * Brianne Finn - Vocals
  * Mike McMillen - Engineer
  * Ray Jeffrey - Engineer
  * Jim Seigel - Mixing
  * Band Website