1964 California Proposition 14

Election aftermath

Shortly following the successful Proposition 14 election, the president of the National Association of Real Estate Boards declared that private property rights were more basic to human liberty than the civil rights of minority groups.

Election analysis

A 2018 study in the American Political Science Review found that white voters in areas which experienced massive African-American population growth between 1940 and 1960 were more likely to vote for Proposition 14. Political scientists have taken this as evidence for "racial threat theory", which holds that the rapid increase in a minority population triggers fears among the majority race population, leading the majority to impose higher levels of social control on the subordinate race.

Unconstitutionality

Soon after Proposition 14 was passed, the federal government cut off all housing funds to California. Many also cited the proposition as one of the causes of the Watts Riots of 1965.

With the federal housing funds cut off and with the support of Governor Pat Brown, the constitutionality of the measure was challenged soon afterward. In 1966, the California Supreme Court did not consider whether Proposition 14 was unconstitutional because it violated the equal protection and due process provisions of the California Constitution; instead, it held that Proposition 14 violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the federal Constitution.Ronald Reagan. However, Reagan opposed both Proposition 14 and the Rumford Act, and stated that Proposition 14 was "not a wise measure."

However, the case continued. The U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the California Supreme Court's decision in Reitman v. Mulkey (1967), holding that Proposition 14 was invalid because it violated the equal protection clause. The proposition was repealed by Proposition 7 in the November 1974 election.

Reitman established a significant precedent because it held that state assistance or encouragement of private discrimination violated the equal protection guarantee of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Even following the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Reitman, the California Real Estate Association was looking for ways to continue engaging in housing discrimination by evading the high court decision.

Additional ballot measures by the real estate industry

Similar to Proposition 14, there have been subsequent efforts by the real estate industry to promote ballot measures in California to generate more profits at the alleged expense of minorities. Examples include the unsuccessful 2018 California Proposition 52020 California Proposition 19,


1964 Belgian Grand Prix

The 1964 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Spa-Francorchamps on 14 June 1964. It was race 3 of 10 in both the 1964 World Championship of Drivers and the 1964 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers.

Jim Clark gained a surprise victory, due to Dan Gurney running out of fuel while leading most of the race, Graham Hill retiring while leading on the last two laps, and had also just managed to hold off Bruce McLaren at the flag. This was also Clark's third consecutive victory in Belgium. Peter Revson was disqualified because he received a push start after his engine cut out.

Classification

Qualifying


1964 Belgian Grand Prix

Pos      No  Driver                           Constructor      Qualifying times  Gap
Q1       Q2
1        15  [United States] Dan Gurney       Brabham-Climax   3:50.9            3:51.7    —
2        1   [United Kingdom] Graham Hill     BRM              3:57.3            3:52.7  +1.8
3        14  [Australia] Jack Brabham         Brabham-Climax   4:04.9            3:52.8  +1.9
4        24  [United Kingdom] Peter Arundell  Lotus-Climax     4:04.0            3:52.8  +1.9
5        10  [United Kingdom] John Surtees    Ferrari          3:55.2            3:59.6  +4.3
6        23  [United Kingdom] Jim Clark       Lotus-Climax     3:57.5            3:56.2  +5.3
7        20  [New Zealand] Bruce McLaren      Cooper-Climax    3:58.8            3:56.2  +5.3
8        2   [United States] Richie Ginther   BRM              3:57.2            3:58.2  +6.3
9        11  [Italy] Lorenzo Bandini          Ferrari          3:59.2            3:58.8  +7.9
10       29  [United States] Peter Revson     Lotus-BRM        4:06.9            3:59.9  +9.0
11       27  [New Zealand] Chris Amon         Lotus-BRM        4:04.8            4:00.1  +9.2
12       4   [United Kingdom] Trevor Taylor   BRP-BRM          4:07.3            4:00.2  +9.3
13       17  [Switzerland] Jo Siffert         Brabham-BRM      4:07.8            4:02.7  +11.8
14       16  [Sweden] Jo Bonnier              Brabham-BRM      4:59.9            4:02.7  +11.8
15       21  [United States] Phil Hill        Cooper-Climax    4:02.8            4:06.7  +11.9
16       3   [United Kingdom] Innes Ireland   BRP-BRM          4:04.0            4:04.3  +13.1


1964 Belgian Grand Prix

17       6   [Italy] Giancarlo Baghetti       BRM              No time           4:07.6  +16.7
18       7   [South Africa] Tony Maggs        BRM              No time           4:07.8  +16.9
19       18  [United Kingdom] Bob Anderson    Brabham-Climax   4:25.3            4:08.5  +17.6
20       28  [Belgium] André Pilette          Scirocco-Climax  4:28.2            4:22.9  +32.0
Source:


1964 Belgian Grand Prix

Race

Pos      No  Driver                           Constructor      Laps  Time/Retired  Grid  Points
1        23  [United Kingdom] Jim Clark       Lotus-Climax     32    2:06:40.5     6     9
2        20  [New Zealand] Bruce McLaren      Cooper-Climax    32    + 3.4         7     6
3        14  [Australia] Jack Brabham         Brabham-Climax   32    + 48.1        3     4
4        2   [United States] Richie Ginther   BRM              32    + 1:58.6      8     3
5        1   [United Kingdom] Graham Hill     BRM              31    Fuel Pump     2     2
6        15  [United States] Dan Gurney       Brabham-Climax   31    Out of Fuel   1     1
7        4   [United Kingdom] Trevor Taylor   BRP-BRM          31    + 1 lap       12
8        6   [Italy] Giancarlo Baghetti       BRM              31    + 1 lap       17
9        24  [United Kingdom] Peter Arundell  Lotus-Climax     28    Overheating   4
10       3   [United Kingdom] Innes Ireland   BRP-BRM          28    + 4 laps      16
DSQ      29  [United States] Peter Revson     Lotus-BRM        28    Disqualified  10
Ret      17  [Switzerland] Jo Siffert         Brabham-BRM      14    Engine        13
Ret      21  [United States] Phil Hill        Cooper-Climax    13    Engine        15
Ret      11  [Italy] Lorenzo Bandini          Ferrari          12    Engine        9
Ret      28  [Belgium] André Pilette          Scirocco-Climax  11    Engine        20
Ret      16  [Sweden] Jo Bonnier              Brabham-BRM      8     Unwell        14
Ret      10  [United Kingdom] John Surtees    Ferrari          3     Engine        5
Ret      27  [New Zealand] Chris Amon         Lotus-BRM        3     Engine        11
DNS      7   [South Africa] Tony Maggs        BRM                    Engine        (18)
DNS      18  [United Kingdom] Bob Anderson    Brabham-Climax         Ignition      (19)
Source:

Championship standings after the race

Drivers' Championship standings          Pos  Driver                           Points  Constructors' Championship standings          Pos  Constructor                      Points
1        1    [United Kingdom] Jim Clark       21                                               1    [United Kingdom] Lotus-Climax    22
1        2    [United Kingdom] Graham Hill     14                                               2    [United Kingdom] BRM             15
1        3    [United States] Richie Ginther   9                                       2        3    [United Kingdom] Cooper-Climax   8
1        4    [United Kingdom] Peter Arundell  8                                       1        4    [Italy] Ferrari                  6
5        5    [New Zealand] Bruce McLaren      6                                       1        5    [United Kingdom] Brabham-Climax  5
Source:                                                                                Source:


1964 Belgian Grand Prix

* Notes: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings.
  * Only the best 6 results counted toward the championship so Graham Hill's 5th-place finish was eventually left out.
  * 1964 Belgian Grand Prix at StatsF1


1964 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament

The 1964 CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament took place during May and June 1964. It was the 2nd CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament.

Bolivia, Paraguay and Venezuela did not participate. Argentina and Brazil qualified for the 1964 Summer Olympics.

It is estimated that 328 people died in a stampede during the match between Argentina and Peru on 24 May 1964.

Group stage

Pos  Team           Pld  W  D  L  GF  GA  GD   Pts  Qualification
1    Argentina (Q)  5    5  0  0  11  1   +10  10   1964 Summer Olympics
2    Brazil         3    2  1  0  6   2   +4   5
3    Peru           4    2  1  1  6   2   +4   5
4    Colombia       6    1  2  3  6   10  −4   4
5    Uruguay        5    0  3  2  3   7   −4   3
6    Chile          4    1  1  2  2   6   −4   3
7    Ecuador        5    0  2  3  4   10  −6   2

Source:
(Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
7 May 1964
Peru  1–1  Ecuador

8 May 1964
Argentina  2–0  Colombia

8 May 1964
Uruguay  0–0  Chile

10 May 1964
Peru  3–0  Colombia

11 May 1964
Argentina  1–0  Ecuador

11 May 1964
Brazil  2–0  Chile

14 May 1964
Uruguay  1–1  Ecuador

14 May 1964
Brazil  1–1  Colombia

16 May 1964
Argentina  4–0  Chile

17 May 1964
Peru  2–0  Uruguay

18 May 1964
Colombia  0–2  Chile

19 May 1964
Brazil  3–1  Ecuador

20 May 1964
Colombia  4–1  Ecuador

20 May 1964
Argentina  3–1  Uruguay

23 May 1964
Uruguay  1–1  Colombia

24 May 1964
Peru  0–1                Argentina
      (Match abandoned)

26 May 1964
Chile  Not played  Ecuador

26 May 1964
Brazil  Not played  Uruguay

28 May 1964
Argentina  Not played  Brazil

28 May 1964
Peru  Not played  Chile

31 May 1964
Peru  Not played  Brazil

Playoff

7 June 1964
Brazil  4–0  Peru

Brazil qualified for 1964 Summer Olympics.


Cheng Yu

Not to be confused with Chengyu.
For other uses, see Cheng Yu (disambiguation).
In this Chinese name, the family name is Cheng.

Cheng Yu (141 – December 220),Cheng Li, courtesy name Zhongde, was a Chinese politician who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.Cao Cao, the warlord who became the de facto head of the Han central government during that period. He died in December 220 – soon after Cao Cao's son, Cao Pi, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian (the last Han emperor) and established the state of Cao Wei, an event marking the start of the Three Kingdoms period in China. Cheng Yu was described as a tall man (approximately 1.91 metres) with a beautiful long beard.Dong'e County in present-day Shandong. He is often remembered for a possibly fictional event, where he uses sadistic and unusual tactics to cope with a shortage of grain. Instead of sending hostages to Cao Cao's rival, Yuan Shao, in exchange for food supplies, he advised Cao Cao to feed his army with human flesh.Battle of Guandu in 200 and consolidate control over northern China. It is widely agreed that his numerous contributions laid the foundation of the Cao Wei state; it is theorized that the reason he was not made one of the Three Ducal MinistersYan Province. After Cheng Yu's death, Cao Pi honoured him with the posthumous title "Marquis Su", meaning "solemn marquis".

Incidents in hometown


Cheng Yu

Incidents in hometown

Cheng Yu's original given name was "Li" (立) but he changed it to "Yu" (昱; literally "lifting the sun") after he had a dream about the sun on top of Mount Tai. He was from Dong'e County, which is in present-day Shandong. There is nothing recorded in history about his early life; he was known for his courage in the areas around his hometown when he was in his early 40s. When the Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out in the 180s, a county magistrate, Wang Du, burnt down the food stored in the warehouse and instigated his subordinates to seize the city. The county prefect escaped the city and went into hiding, while the town residents took their families eastward and camped beside a mountain. After receiving intelligence from his spies that Wang Du had moved out and camped 1.3 to 1.6 miles away from the city, Cheng Yu reported to and told a local parvenu, Xue Fang, that Wang Du must not have the ability to control the situation, so they should retrieve the prefect and reoccupy the city. Xue Fang agreed to Cheng Yu's plan, yet the commoners refused to comply, wherein Cheng Yu angrily said: "Stupid commoners lack the ability to plan." He then plotted with Xue Fang, and secretly sent several cavalry holding streamers to the hilltop, where they rode down toward the civilians. Xue Fang and his men then screamed upon seeing the riders, making the commoners mistake them for Yellow Turban rebels.

Seeing the inhabitants had come back, Wang Du launched an attack, but was foiled by Cheng Yu's defences. After some time, Wang Du could no longer hold on and intended to move elsewhere. Cheng Yu then led a sudden attack when Wang Du was packing, dealing him a major blow which enabled the survival of Dong'e County.


Cheng Yu

In 192, Liu Dai, the Inspector of Yan Province, invited Cheng Yu to join his administration but Cheng Yu refused. At the beginning, Liu Dai had very good relationship with the warlords Yuan Shao and Gongsun Zan, wherein Yuan Shao sent his family to reside with Liu Dai while Gongsun Zan sent a detachment of elite cavalry to help Liu Dai fight the Yellow Turbans in the area; however, Yuan Shao and Gongsun Zan became bitter enemies later, and were way more powerful than Liu Dai, who was forced to pick a side. Liu Dai then sought advice from Cheng Yu, who told the former that asking for help from Gongsun Zan was like requesting someone to save a drowning child from afar.You Province. Just as Cheng Yu had predicted, Gongsun Zan soon suffered a heavy defeat by Yuan Shao before his cavalry could even join the battle. Liu Dai then asked Cheng Yu to become his officer, and offered him the position of a Cavalry Commandant, but Cheng Yu again refused employment.

Coming to serve Cao Cao

However, without the assistance from Gongsun Zan's elite cavalry, Liu Dai was soon killed by the Yellow Turbans, and Cao Cao came forth to take over the province. Upon his arrival, Cao Cao sent Cheng Yu a letter concerning his presence in the government. Cheng Yu replied to Cao Cao that he accepted the offer right away, so the commoners asked Cheng Yu: "How can you change your attitude so snobbishly?" Cheng Yu laughed at them without comment. When Cheng Yu joined Cao Cao, he was only assigned as a prefect, a position far lower than the ones Liu Dai offered him in the past. Still, Cheng Yu was determined to follow Cao Cao, as evidenced by his defences against the warlord Lü Bu, who attacked Cao Cao's base while the latter was away on a campaign in Xu Province.

Performance in Lü Bu's invasion


Cheng Yu

Performance in Lü Bu's invasion

When Lü Bu claimed his rule over Yan Province, many people gave up resistance and joined him; only Juancheng, Dong'e and Fan counties did not yield. At the time, Cheng Yu was guarding Juancheng with Cao Cao's chief strategist, Xun Yu, who analysed that the defences could only be successful if the officials guarding the three counties worked together. Xun Yu then asked Cheng Yu to oversee the defence of Dong'e County because he could probably convince his hometown to fight with him. Thus, Xun Yu stayed behind to watch over the fortress, and Cheng Yu went to Dong'e County. On his way, Cheng Yu passed by Fan County, where Si Yi (氾嶷), an official under Lü Bu, was trying to persuade the prefect of Fan County to switch allegiance to his lord. Cheng Yu sought a meeting with the prefect and managed to persuade him to reject and kill Si Yi. When he arrived at Dong'e County, Xue Ti (薛悌) and Zao Zhi (棗祗) had already set up defences around the area, so Cheng Yu split his cavalry force out to take control of Cangting ford to block the advances of Lü Bu's strategist, Chen Gong. Xue Ti then formulated a strategy with Cheng Yu, which enabled the defences of the three counties until Cao Cao returned from Xu Province.


Cheng Yu

The year 194 was a hard time for Cao Cao, because in addition to losing several battles to Lü Bu around Puyang, a widespread famine also broke out in Yan Province (but this also forced Lü Bu to retreat). For once, Cao Cao thought about relinquishing his position in Yan Province, and prepared to surrender to Yuan Shao. Nevertheless, Cheng Yu rebuked Cao Cao by saying that he had a calibre greater than just being a subject under Yuan Shao, and it was shameful for a genius to submit to a man who only enjoyed an overvalued fame. Cheng Yu said to Cao Cao: "Even a mere warrior like Tian Heng knew about shame, how could you act so shamefully to surrender to Yuan Shao?" However, Cheng Yu's heroic speech was way easier to say than to do, because Cao Cao's army had already been running out of food. Nevertheless, not wanting to be disgraced, Cao Cao appeared to listen to Cheng Yu, but asked him to prepare three days' worth of supplies. Unprepared to be asked to deal with this problem, Cheng Yu insanely devised a very vicious strategy: he personally led an armed force to pillage his hometown and abducted his townsfolk, who would then be slaughtered like pigs for Cao Cao's army to feed on.

Liu Bei's betrayal

After Lü Bu was forced to abandon Yan Province, Cheng Yu and Xun Yu advised Cao Cao to escort Emperor Xian, who was in dire straits, into territory under Cao Cao's control. After Emperor Xian made it to Xuchang (Cao Cao's base) from Luoyang, Cheng Yu was appointed as a Master of Writing in the Han central government but was soon promoted to be East General of the Household and appointed as the Administrator of Jiyin Commandery. In 198, Lü Bu took Xu Province from Liu Bei, who surrendered to Cao Cao for protection. Cheng Yu told Cao Cao that Liu Bei was an ambitious man with many admirers and that he would not be a subject for long, so he should be taken care of as soon as possible. Cao Cao refused under the rationale that he did not want the death of one individual to affect the decision of others who might yield to the Han central government.


Cheng Yu

The following year, Cao Cao, Sun Ce and others defeated the warlord Yuan Shu, who then attempted to head north to join his half-brother, Yuan Shao. Liu Bei volunteered to intercept Yuan Shu and was granted a sizable army to do his job. When Cheng Yu heard the news, he rushed to Cao Cao and protested: "It's arguable you turned down our suggestion to kill Liu Bei earlier, but it's a certainty that he will betray you if lent a force."

Cao Cao's northern campaign

When Yuan Shao defeated Gongsun Zan and congregated the four provinces north of the Yellow River, he assembled an army of over 100,000 to declare war against Cao Cao. Cheng Yu was made a general and was stationed in Juancheng with 700 soldiers. Cao Cao then sent a letter to Cheng Yu and asserted to Cheng Yu that he would send 2,000 men as reinforcements. However, Cheng Yu replied: "Yuan Shao has 100,000 men and considers himself invincible. If he sees I only have such a small army, he will not attack easily. On the contrary, if my position is strong (enough to threaten his movement), then he will not be able to pass me by without attacking; if he attacks, he'll surely win, so it will be a mere waste to send in reinforcement. I hope you could understand my rationale and don't doubt on that."

Three years after Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao at the Battle of Guandu, Cheng Yu recruited and enlisted several thousand robbers and inhabitants of deep hills around Yan Province, and led them to rendezvous with Cao Cao in Liyang, where Cao Cao had set up a front line military operation base against Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang. Along with Li Dian, Cheng Yu transported grain to Cao Cao by ships. Once, the supply line was blocked by Gao Fan, the Administrator of Wei Commandery, who capitalised on the geographic advantage. Cao Cao then ordered Cheng Yu to abandon the waterway and transport through other routes. However, Li Dian reasoned with Cheng Yu that Gao Fan could be defeated because he was lightly guarded with a small army. Therefore, they violated Cao Cao's order, and landed the northern bank and defeated Gao Fan, resulting in the smooth delivery of military necessities.


Cheng Yu

After the defeat of Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, Cheng Yu was made General Who Uplifts Military Might (奮武將軍) and Marquis of Anguo (安国亭侯).

Battle of Red Cliffs

In 208, Cao Cao accepted the surrender of Liu Cong, the governor of Jing Province, and sent a letter to the eastern warlord, Sun Quan, to inform the latter that he had assembled an 800,000 strong force in Jiangling, and was eager to meet Sun Quan in person. The majority believed that Sun Quan would surely kill Liu Bei and submit to Cao Cao, but Cheng Yu correctly analysed that Sun Quan would support Liu Bei to fight a desperate war.Yangtze River, and so they thought that the direction of the wind gave Cao Cao's side the advantage. While Cao Cao was certain that the allied forces could not make use of a fire attack, nevertheless the enemy commander, Zhou Yu, had Cao Cao's grand fleet reduced to ashes overnight.

Advice to Cao Pi

When Cao Cao went west to fight against Ma Chao and Han Sui, Cheng Yu was assigned as a strategist to Cao Cao's son Cao Pi, who was in charge of the capital. During the time that Cao Cao went west, some local gentries in Hejian Commandery rebelled. When Cao Pi sent a general to subdue the revolt, several thousand rebels offered to surrender after being besieged. A meeting was held within the court to decide whether the surrender of the rebels should be accepted or not. Many participants of the discussion proposed to reject the surrender, because Cao Cao once issued a fiat that those who surrendered after being besieged should be executed. Cheng Yu opposed and said, "The reason why Cao Cao set such an expedient rule was that he was fighting against numerous enemies in a chaotic time. To execute those who surrender after being besieged could intimidate other potential enemies, and encouraged early submissions; subsequently, we did not need to lay siege every time. However, the territory under our control is now stabilised, and this battle happens within our own domain; so therefore these kinds of enemies will surely surrender, and killing them will not threaten other enemies. Thus, to kill the rebels now is not the primary focus of Cao Cao's rule. I suggest that their surrender be accepted; if you must execute them, then please inform master Cao first."

Later life and death


Cheng Yu

Later life and death

Cheng Yu went into semi-retirement after losing to his political rival, Xing Zhen (邢貞).Emperor Xian in late 220. Cheng Yu was re-instituted as the Minister of the GuardsThree Ducal Ministers when he became emperor in late 220, a discussion was made in regard to the issue. However, Cheng Yu died before the decision would be settled. He was given the posthumous title "Marquis Su" for his inviolable reverence (See Xing Zhen's case in the following section). Both his young son Cheng Yan and grandson Cheng Xiao were made Marquis, and Cheng Yu was succeeded by his eldest son, Cheng Wu (程武) after death. His grandson Cheng Xiao became a well-known scholar later.

Appraisal

Despite being famous for his paradoxes, Cheng Yu tended to belittle others in his speeches. For once, he inveighed Cao Cao as inferior to the likes of Tian Heng (田橫), who was a mere warrior, when he tried to dissuade Cao Cao from surrendering to Yuan Shao. He also used to call his townsfolk "stupid commoners".

Cheng Yu was a recalcitrant old man, and his hidebound characteristic compelled him to quarrel with others on a frequent basis. There is a quaint incident about how he entered a predicament when he offended Xing Zhen. When Cao Cao was first enfeoffed as a vassal by Emperor Xian, he appointed Cheng Yu as the Minister of the Guards (衛尉) in his vassal state, while Xing Zhen was appointed as the Commandant of the Capital (中尉). However, Cheng Yu had a rabid quirk in pontificating his dominance, and he purposely flaunted in front of Xing Zhen, who reported his invidious behaviour to Cao Cao. As punishment, Cheng Yu was stripped of his position.

Although ingeniously intelligent, Cheng Yu was of a perverse and hardhearted nature.cannibalism. It was recorded that Cheng Yu would have the abducted cut into pieces to mix with rice, so the soldiers would enjoy their prized meals.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms


Cheng Yu

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms

In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cheng Yu offered a ruse in order to get Xu Shu to serve Cao Cao. At the time Xu Shu was serving as rival Liu Bei's key strategist and managed to score a major victory against Cao Cao's officers Lü Kuang (呂曠), Lü Xiang (呂翔) and Cao Ren. Exploiting the fact that Xu Shu was an extremely filial son, Cheng Yu suggested to Cao Cao that Cao Cao hold Xu Shu's mother hostage and force Xu Shu to leave Liu Bei and serve Cao Cao. Cheng Yu wrote a fake letter to Xu Shu and successfully tricked Xu Shu to come to Xuchang. Ironically, Xu Shu's mother committed suicide after seeing her son fall for such a ruse and leaving a righteous person like Liu Bei to serve under the ruthless Cao Cao. Prior to the Battle of Red Cliffs, Cheng Yu had predicted that Sun Quan's forces would use fire to attack Cao Cao's naval fleet. However, Cao Cao did not heed his advice seriously as the winds were to their advantage then. After Cao Cao's major defeat, Cheng Yu was one of the few advisers who stood by Cao Cao all the way during their escape.

  * Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms
  * Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
  * de Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A biographical dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23–220 AD). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15605-0.
  * Luo, Guanzhong (14th century). Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguo Yanyi).
  * Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).


Chapter 13 (album)

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source         Rating
AllMusic

Chapter 13 is the fifth studio album released by Dutch death metal band Gorefest. It was released in 1998.

Track listing

 1. "Chapter Thirteen" – 3:05
 2. "Broken Wing" – 4:04
 3. "Nothingness" – 2:23
 4. "Smile" – 3:08
 5. "The Idiot" – 3:37
 6. "Repentance" – 5:04
 7. "Bordello" – 2:54
 8. "F.S. 2000" – 6:09
 9. "All Is Well" – 3:30
10. "Unsung" – 5:54
11. "Burn Out" – 3:15
12. "Super Reality – 3:16
13. "Serve the Masses" – 5:01

Band members

  * Jan-Chris de Koeijer – vocals, bass guitar
  * Frank Harthoorn – guitar
  * Boudewijn Vincent Bonebakker – guitar
  * Ed Warby – drums
  * Rene Merkelback – mellotron and grand piano


Chapsa microspora

Chapsa microspora is a species of lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was described as new to science in 2011 by German lichenologist Klaus Kalb.


Ceanu Mare

Ceanu Mare (Hungarian: Mezőcsán; German: Gross-Tschaan) is a commune in the north-west of Romania, in Cluj County, Transylvania. It is composed of thirteen villages: Andici (depopulated since 1985; Andics), Boian (Mezőbő), Bolduț (Boldoc), Ceanu Mare, Ciurgău (Csurgó), Dosu Napului (Oláhtóhát), Fânațe (Csániszénafű), Hodăi-Boian (Mezőbőifogadó), Iacobeni (Mezőszentjakab), Morțești (Morcest), Stârcu (Csóka), Strucut (merged with Gherea in 1968; Sztinkutdűlő) and Valea lui Cati (Sárospatakdűlő).

The village is known in Germany after the Schröder family discovered that the father of former Chancellor Gerhard Schröder was buried there in a common grave in 1944. Lieutenant Fritz Schröder was a soldier in the German army during World War II and he died at the age of 32 near the city of Turda (Thorenburg in German) on 4 October 1944, without ever seeing his newborn son Gerhard.

Demographics

According to the census from 2002 there was a total population of 4,322 people living in this town. Of this population, 94.08% are ethnic Romanians, 3.51% ethnic Romani and 2.36% are ethnic Hungarians.


Cipriano (given name)

Cipriano is a masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:

First name

  * Cipriano Branco (born 1985), East Timorese footballer
  * Cipriano Cassamá (21st century), Bissau-Guinean politician
  * Cipriano Castro (1858-1924), Venezuelan politician
  * Cipriano Facchinetti (1889–1952), Italian politician
  * Cipriano Ferrandini (1823-1910), Corsican-American hairdresser
  * Cipriano Muñoz, 2nd Count of la Viñaza (1862-1933), Spanish diplomat
  * Cipriano Efisio Oppo (1891-1962), Italian painter
  * Cipriano Pérez y Arias (1784-1823), Costa Rican politician
  * Cipriano Piccolpasso (1524-1579), Italian artist
  * Cipriano Pons (born 1893), Argentine fencer
  * Cipriano P. Primicias, Sr. (1901-1965), Filipino politician
  * Cipriano Rivas Cherif (1891-1967), Spanish playwright
  * Cipriano de Rore (circa 1515–1565), Franco-Flemish composer
  * Cipriano Santos (20th century), Portuguese footballer
  * Cipriano de Valera (17th century), Spanish Bible translator
  * Cipriano Beredo III (born 1970), Filipino-American attorney

Middle name

  * Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera (1798-1878), Colombian general


Ciprian Străuț

Ciprian Străuț (born 25 December 1982) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

  * Ciprian Străuț at Soccerway


Cipriano Biyehima Kihangire

Cipriano Biyehima Kihangire (19 March 1918 – 1 November 1990), was a Ugandan Roman Catholic priest who served as the Bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gulu, from 19 December 1968 until 9 January 1988.

Prior to that, he served as the Auxiliary Bishop of Gulu from 12 November 1962 until 20 January 1964, Bishop of the Diocese of the Uganda Military from 20 January 1964 until 5 January 1985 and Bishop of the Diocese of Hoima from 9 August 1965 until 19 December 1968.

Background and priesthood

Kihangire was born on 19 March 1918, in present-day Hoima District, in the Bunyoro sub-region, in the Western Region of Uganda. He was ordained a priest on 17 February 1951 and served as a priest until 12 November 1962.

As bishop

Kihangire was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Gulu on 12 November 1962 and was consecrated a bishop on 24 March 1963 as Titular Bishop of Maura, by Archbishop Guido Del Mestri†, Titular Archbishop of Tuscamia assisted by Bishop Giovanni Battista Cesana, M.C.C.I.†, Bishop of Gulu and Bishop Angelo Tarantino, F.S.C.J.†, Bishop of Arua.

He served as auxiliary bishop of Gulu until 20 January 1964, when he was appointed Bishop of the Diocese of the Uganda Military. He served as the ordinary of the diocese until he resigned on 5 January 1985. He concurrently served as the Bishop of Hoima from 9 August 1965 until 19 December 1968.

On 19 December 1968, Kihangire was appointed Bishop of Gulu, serving in that capacity until he resigned on 9 January 1988. He died on 1 November 1990 as Bishop Emeritus of Gulu, Uganda, at the age of 72 years and 7 months.

Succession table

  * Profile of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gulu


City of Caves

City of Caves is a visitor attraction in Nottingham based on a network of caves, carved out of sandstone that have been variously used over the years as a tannery, public house cellars, and as an air raid shelter. The caves are listed as a scheduled monument by Historic England under the name Caves at Drury Hill, Drury Hill being the medieval street under which they were formerly located until it was demolished to make way for the Broadmarsh Shopping Centre. The newer City of Caves name refers to the fact that the city of Nottingham has hundreds of man-made caves, which have been in use for over a thousand years.

The City of Caves was accessed from the upper level of the Broadmarsh Shopping Centre but can currently be accessed from Garner's Hill due to construction works in the Broadmarsh Centre, scheduled to finish in 2021.National Justice Museum, has been run by the Egalitarian Trust since opening 2004.

History

A medieval tannery

Nottingham sits upon a soft sandstone ridge which can easily be dug with simple hand tools to create artificial cave dwellings. Indeed, Nottingham was described as Tig Guocobauc in Old Brythonic meaning Place of Caves by the Welsh Bishop of Sherborne Asser in his The Life of King Alfred (893).St. Mary's Inclosure Act banned the renting of cellars and caves as homes for the poor.

If a man is poor he had only to go to Nottingham with a mattock, a shovel, a crow, an iron, a chisel or a mallet, and with such instruments he may play mole and work himself a hole or burrow for his family.

— Anon 1870

As of 2018 more than 800 caves in the city have been catalogued by Nottingham's City Archaeologist, Scott Lomax, including approximately 200 that were only rediscovered, through research by the City Archaeologist, since 2016.


City of Caves

Construction of the Broadmarsh Shopping Centre began in the late 1960s, but the opening up of the caves to vandals and plans to fill them in with concrete caused a public outcry. A detailed study by Nottingham City Council, assisted by The Nottingham Historical Arts Society, led to the caves being scheduled as an ancient monument and the development plans were subsequently changed to preserve most of the caves. The caves were cleared by volunteers from the 2418 Sherwood Squadron Air Training Corps and Rushcliffe School and opened to public tours by the Friends of Nottingham Museum in 1978.

Caves in Nottingham from medieval to now

Medieval tannery

Two caves cut into the cliff face and opening out to daylight housed the only known underground tannery in Britain.

Drury Hill slums

The basement walls here are all that remains of the buildings of Drury Hill, once a wealthy neighborhood in the medieval city that by the 19th century had degenerated into one of the worst slums in Britain. Poor families slept, ate and lived in the single room basements here with overcrowding and poor sanitation making it a breeding ground for cholera, tuberculosis and smallpox.

Air-raid shelter

Some of the caves here were joined and expanded to house one of 86 public air raid shelters that were found in the sandstone beneath the city by February 1941 to protect its inhabitants during the bombing attacks of the Second World War, including a particularly severe one on 8 May 1941 that is recreated as part of the tour. Holes were also dug here to supply the sand used in the sandbags that helped to protect the city.

52°57′04″N 1°08′48″W / 52.9510°N 1.1466°W


Charles Mutisya Nyamai

Charles Mutisya Nyamai is a Kenyan politician. He belongs to the National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) and has been elected to represent the Kitui West Constituency in the National Assembly of Kenya since the 2007 Kenyan parliamentary election.


Charles Musès

Charles Arthur Muses (/ˈmʌsɪs/; 28 April 1919 – 26 August 2000), was a mathematician, cyberneticist and an esoteric philosopher who wrote articles and books under various pseudonyms (including Musès, Musaios, Kyril Demys, Arthur Fontaine, Kenneth Demarest and Carl von Balmadis).shamanistic movement. He held unusual and controversial views relating to mathematics, physics, philosophy, and many other fields.

Biography

Muses was born in Jersey City, New Jersey, and grew up in Long Island, New York. His father abandoned the family when Muses was a young boy forcing his mother to support Muses and a large, extended family on a school teacher's salary.


Charles Musès

By 1946, Muses was working on his Master's Degree from Columbia University, New York. In 1949, Muses submitted for approval his Columbia University Ph.D work in philosophy (see preface to the dissertation). The doctoral thesis led with the name of a little-known German-English exegete in idealism, Dionysius Andreas Freher (d. 1728), who through years of study had become learned on the far-famed German idealist Jacob Böhme (d. 1624), the latter being the actual subject of Muses's pre-doctoral studies at Columbia. This was suggested by and confirmed in the subtitle of the thesis, 'An Inquiry in the Work of A Fundamental Contributor to the Philosophic Tradition of Jacob Boehme.' With some modifications (seen by comparing the thesis to the subsequent book), the entirety was published in 1951 under the title 'Illumination on Jacob Boehme: The Work of Dionysius Andreas Freher' by King’s Crown Press (which at the time was a subsidized front for doctoral students of Columbia University). On pp. 151-2 Muses states, “Both Boehme’s and Freher’s outstanding message philosophically is that philosophy is not a dodge, game, or only some kind of artistic exercise, but a solid enterprise of most productive value – able to yield concrete results of a most extended nature in terms of deep changes in attitude and understanding, leading to actions toward and realization of the intrinsic nobility possible to and desired by mankind.” The two-year delay between finishing the thesis work (1949) and its recognition in the grant of the Ph.D. (1951) is not explained.


Charles Musès

In 1991 the book In All Her Names: Explorations of the Feminine in Divinity was published by Harper San Francisco. It was edited by Joseph Campbell and Charles Muses. Each contributed a chapter to the book along with Riane Eisler and Marija Gimbutas. The title of Muses chapter is "The Ageless Way of Goddess: Divine Pregnancy and Higher Birth in Ancient Egypt and China". On pages 136–137, he states, “Similarly, the ancient theurgic doctrine taught that in the dim and mysterious recesses of each human brain are lodged the control centers for transducing a higher metamorphic process in that individual, of which the butterfly, wonderful as it is, is but a crude and imperfect analogue... The acquisition of a higher body by an individual meant also, by that very token, the possibility of communicating with beings already so endowed. The entrance into this higher community and fellowship is one of the principal causes for celebration in the Ancient Egyptian liturgy of the sacred transformative process – sacred because it conferred so much beyond ordinary life.”

Charles Muses edited, Esoteric Teachings of the Tibetan Tantra, which was translated into English by Chang Chen Chi. The book was first published in 1961, by The Falcon’s Wing Press. Muses states on page ix of the introduction, “In these considerations also lies the true meaning of the most secret tantric path, in Tibet called the Vajrayana or Thunderbolt Vehicle. It is secret only because most do not have enough of the intelligent love-will to find and pursue it. For those who place such a level of high desire first, however, the precious means (upaya) will mysteriously arise in their lifetimes, and they will be able to tread this path of Love-Will-Wisdom, of Heart, Hand and Head harmoniously joined. But heart or love must rule the other two or wisdom will become unwise and the love-will deteriorate again into self-will.”

Muses had no success in attaining a tenured position as a faculty member at an institution of higher education.


Charles Musès

In 1985, Kluwer-Nijhoff first published Muses' book entitled Destiny and Control in Human Systems. In it he proposes a method called ‘chronotopology,’ which he claims can measure the qualitative multidimensional structure of time. In chapter 5, entitled “Fonts Et Origo: Some Traditions Uniquely Illuminating the Structure and Meaning of Time Systems,” Muses provides historical sources for his claim, “That the nature of time is inextricably bound up with the origins of evil. . .” (p. 128). On page 138, he states, “Thus our world of waiting, disease, aging, suffering, and death stems from the nature of time itself and was part and parcel of the set of implied consequences of the Demuiurge’s Dream – that very brief nightmare that had spawned a reality of evil on awakening.” And Muses states on page 139 that “. . . the God of our universe is a wounded God in heart although Himself recovered. His domain, which before was a universally symbiotic cosmos, had now become the frenetically struggling, predominantly predatory one we all know, with Nature trying still to smile through her travail. There is a mysterious tradition both in Iran and Egypt of the female aspect of this Divinity (Daena in Iran and Isis in Egypt) who did not share the death-dream of her spouse and who in fact helped him revive as the renewed and victorious Horus.”

Musean Hypernumbers, table by Klaus Scharff

Muses also envisioned a mathematical number concept, Musean hypernumbers, that includes hypercomplex number algebras such as complex numbers and split-complex numbers as primitive types. He assigned them levels based on certain arithmetical properties they may possess. While many open questions remain, in particular about defining the relations of these levels, Muses pictured a wide range of applicability for this concept. Some of these are based on properties of magic squares,

Some research work about hypernumbers was done by the mathematicians Jens Koeplinger and John Shuster.

Muses was arrested in Egypt in March 1957 when he tried to remove a number of very valuable artifacts from the country on the argument that he did not realize that a license was required. He was finally convicted in August 1957, but was later allowed to return to the United States.

Selected writings


Charles Musès

* 1951: Illumination on Jacob Boehme. The work of Dionysius Andreas Freher, King's Crown Press, New York
  * 1953: An Evaluation of Relativity Theory after a Half-century, S. Weiser, New York
  * 1955: East-West fire. Schopenhauer's optimism and the Lankavatara sutra. An excursion toward the common ground between Oriental and Western religion, Watkins, London
  * 1962: (editor) The Logic of Biosimulation: Aspects of the Theory of Artificial Intelligence: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Biosimulation, Locarno, June 27 to July 5. 1960, Plenum, New York pages 115–163.
  * 1965: "Systematic stability and cybernetic control. An introduction to the cybernetics of higher integrated behavior", Rome
  * 1965: "Aspects of Some Crucial Problems in Biological and Medical Bio-Cybernetics", Band II, Elsevier, Norbert Wiener & J. P. Schade editors, Amsterdam
  * 1966: "The First Nondistributive Algebra, with Relations to Optimization and Control Theory", in: E. R. Caianiello: Functional Analysis and Optimization, Academic Press, New York/ London, pages 171–212.
  * 1967: "Hypernumber", Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 138, New York, pages 660, 901.
  * 1972: (with Arthur M. Young) Consciousness and Reality. The human pivot point, Outerbridge & Lazard, New Cork
  * 1985: Destiny and control in human systems, Studies in the interactive connectedness of time (chronotopology) (= Frontiers in systems research.). Kluwer-Nijhoff, Dordrecht/ Boston, ISBN 0-89838-156-8.
  * 1991: "The Ageless Way of Goddess: Divine Pregnancy and Higher Birth in Ancient Egypt and China", in: Joseph Campbell, Charles Musès (editors) In All Her Names. Explorations of the feminine in divinity, Harper, San Francisco ISBN 0-06-250629-3, pages 131–164.


Charles Musès

* 1996: The Lionpath - The Big Picture: A Short Path to Regeneration for our time, Musaios. fifth printing, House of Horus, Sardis (B.C. Canada)
  * 1999: The Shamanic Lionpath, House of Horus, Musaios, Sardis (B.C. Canada)
  * Pyramid of Ameny Qemau:pyramid he discovered in 1957
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Muses.
  * Biography
  * An interview with Musès on chronotopology on You Tube
  * Hypernumbers: Real or imaginary
  * Lion Path website
  * Video on the Lion Path on YouTube


2018 South Point 400

The 2018 South Point 400 was a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series race held on September 16, 2018 at Las Vegas Motor Speedway in Las Vegas. Contested over 272 laps—extended from 267 laps due to an overtime finish, on the 1.5 mi (2.4 km) asphalt intermediate speedway, it was the 27th race of the 2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series season, first race of the Playoffs, and the first race of the Round of 16.

Report

Background

Las Vegas Motor Speedway, the track where the race is held.

Las Vegas Motor Speedway, located in Clark County, Nevada outside the Las Vegas city limits and about 15 miles northeast of the Las Vegas Strip, is a 1,200-acre (490 ha) complex of multiple tracks for motorsports racing. The complex is owned by Speedway Motorsports, Inc., which is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Entry list


2018 South Point 400

Entry list

No.                  Driver                   Team                       Manufacturer
00                   Landon Cassill (i)       StarCom Racing             Chevrolet
1                    Jamie McMurray           Chip Ganassi Racing        Chevrolet
2                    Brad Keselowski          Team Penske                Ford
3                    Austin Dillon            Richard Childress Racing   Chevrolet
4                    Kevin Harvick            Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford
6                    Trevor Bayne             Roush Fenway Racing        Ford
7                    Reed Sorenson            Premium Motorsports        Chevrolet
9                    Chase Elliott            Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet
10                   Aric Almirola            Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford
11                   Denny Hamlin             Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota
12                   Ryan Blaney              Team Penske                Ford
13                   Ty Dillon                Germain Racing             Chevrolet
14                   Clint Bowyer             Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford
15                   Ross Chastain (i)        Premium Motorsports        Chevrolet
17                   Ricky Stenhouse Jr.      Roush Fenway Racing        Ford
18                   Kyle Busch               Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota
19                   Daniel Suárez            Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota
20                   Erik Jones               Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota
21                   Paul Menard              Wood Brothers Racing       Ford
22                   Joey Logano              Team Penske                Ford
23                   J. J. Yeley (i)          BK Racing                  Toyota
24                   William Byron (R)        Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet
31                   Ryan Newman              Richard Childress Racing   Chevrolet
32                   Matt DiBenedetto         Go Fas Racing              Ford
34                   Michael McDowell         Front Row Motorsports      Ford
37                   Chris Buescher           JTG Daugherty Racing       Chevrolet
38                   David Ragan              Front Row Motorsports      Ford
41                   Kurt Busch               Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford
42                   Kyle Larson              Chip Ganassi Racing        Chevrolet
43                   Darrell Wallace Jr. (R)  Richard Petty Motorsports  Chevrolet
47                   A. J. Allmendinger       JTG Daugherty Racing       Chevrolet
48                   Jimmie Johnson           Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet
51                   B. J. McLeod (i)         Rick Ware Racing           Ford
66                   Timmy Hill (i)           MBM Motorsports            Toyota
72                   Corey LaJoie             TriStar Motorsports        Chevrolet
78                   Martin Truex Jr.         Furniture Row Racing       Toyota
88                   Alex Bowman              Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet
95                   Regan Smith              Leavine Family Racing      Chevrolet
96                   Jeffrey Earnhardt        Gaunt Brothers Racing      Toyota
99                   Kyle Weatherman          StarCom Racing             Chevrolet
Official entry list

First practice

Joey Logano was the fastest in the first practice session with a time of 28.473 seconds and a speed of 189.653 mph (305.217 km/h).

Pos                              No.  Driver         Team                 Manufacturer  Time    Speed
1                                22   Joey Logano    Team Penske          Ford          28.473  189.653
2                                4    Kevin Harvick  Stewart-Haas Racing  Ford          28.502  189.460
3                                10   Aric Almirola  Stewart-Haas Racing  Ford          28.592  188.864
Official first practice results


2018 South Point 400

Qualifying

Erik Jones scored the pole position.

Erik Jones scored the pole for the race with a time of 28.705 and a speed of 188.121 mph (302.751 km/h).

Qualifying results


2018 South Point 400

Pos                          No.  Driver                   Team                       Manufacturer  R1      R2      R3
1                            20   Erik Jones               Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        28.766  28.737  28.705
2                            22   Joey Logano              Team Penske                Ford          28.617  28.751  28.708
3                            11   Denny Hamlin             Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        28.907  28.775  28.781
4                            18   Kyle Busch               Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        29.155  28.892  28.815
5                            4    Kevin Harvick            Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          28.605  28.749  28.816
6                            12   Ryan Blaney              Team Penske                Ford          28.752  28.904  28.864
7                            9    Chase Elliott            Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     29.098  28.865  28.918
8                            41   Kurt Busch               Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          28.831  28.935  28.957
9                            88   Alex Bowman              Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     28.684  28.915  28.974
10                           78   Martin Truex Jr.         Furniture Row Racing       Toyota        29.072  28.891  29.017
11                           42   Kyle Larson              Chip Ganassi Racing        Chevrolet     28.725  28.846  29.040
12                           1    Jamie McMurray           Chip Ganassi Racing        Chevrolet     29.025  28.931  29.488
13                           2    Brad Keselowski          Team Penske                Ford          28.802  28.936  —
14                           17   Ricky Stenhouse Jr.      Roush Fenway Racing        Ford          29.034  28.939  —
15                           14   Clint Bowyer             Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          28.729  28.942  —
16                           10   Aric Almirola            Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          28.735  28.947  —
17                           48   Jimmie Johnson           Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     28.784  28.953  —
18                           3    Austin Dillon            Richard Childress Racing   Chevrolet     28.824  28.957  —
19                           19   Daniel Suárez            Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        28.995  28.962  —
20                           21   Paul Menard              Wood Brothers Racing       Ford          28.866  28.965  —


2018 South Point 400

21                           24   William Byron (R)        Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     28.830  28.970  —
22                           31   Ryan Newman              Richard Childress Racing   Chevrolet     28.889  29.054  —
23                           6    Trevor Bayne             Roush Fenway Racing        Ford          28.933  29.088  —
24                           34   Michael McDowell         Front Row Motorsports      Ford          29.120  29.203  —
25                           95   Regan Smith              Leavine Family Racing      Chevrolet     29.160  —       —
26                           32   Matt DiBenedetto         Go Fas Racing              Ford          29.199  —       —
27                           38   David Ragan              Front Row Motorsports      Ford          29.233  —       —
28                           37   Chris Buescher           JTG Daugherty Racing       Chevrolet     29.243  —       —
29                           47   A. J. Allmendinger       JTG Daugherty Racing       Chevrolet     29.252  —       —
30                           13   Ty Dillon                Germain Racing             Chevrolet     29.311  —       —
31                           43   Darrell Wallace Jr. (R)  Richard Petty Motorsports  Chevrolet     29.538  —       —
32                           72   Corey LaJoie             TriStar Motorsports        Chevrolet     29.890  —       —
33                           99   Kyle Weatherman          StarCom Racing             Chevrolet     29.903  —       —
34                           15   Ross Chastain (i)        Premium Motorsports        Chevrolet     29.944  —       —
35                           96   Jeffrey Earnhardt        Gaunt Brothers Racing      Toyota        30.004  —       —
36                           23   J. J. Yeley (i)          BK Racing                  Toyota        30.095  —       —
37                           00   Landon Cassill (i)       StarCom Racing             Chevrolet     30.289  —       —
38                           51   B. J. McLeod (i)         Rick Ware Racing           Ford          30.416  —       —
39                           66   Timmy Hill (i)           MBM Motorsports            Toyota        30.667  —       —
40                           7    Reed Sorenson            Premium Motorsports        Chevrolet     0.000   —       —
Official qualifying results


2018 South Point 400

Practice (post-qualifying)

Second practice

Ryan Newman was the fastest in the second practice session with a time of 29.365 seconds and a speed of 183.892 mph (295.945 km/h).

Pos                               No.  Driver         Team                      Manufacturer  Time    Speed
1                                 31   Ryan Newman    Richard Childress Racing  Chevrolet     29.365  183.892
2                                 12   Ryan Blaney    Team Penske               Ford          29.465  183.268
3                                 10   Aric Almirola  Stewart-Haas Racing       Ford          29.477  183.194
Official second practice results

Final practice

Erik Jones was the fastest in the final practice session with a time of 29.793 seconds and a speed of 181.251 mph (291.695 km/h).

Pos                              No.  Driver       Team                  Manufacturer  Time    Speed
1                                20   Erik Jones   Joe Gibbs Racing      Toyota        29.793  181.251
2                                12   Ryan Blaney  Team Penske           Ford          29.795  181.238
3                                88   Alex Bowman  Hendrick Motorsports  Chevrolet     29.801  181.202
Official final practice results

Race

Brad Keselowski won the race.

Stage Results

Stage 1 Laps: 80

For pre-race ceremonies, Motor Racing Outreach chaplain Billy Maudin would give the invocation and Las Vegas country music singer Sierra Black would sing the anthem. Brendan Gaughan, a former NASCAR driver and the son of the South Point's owner, Michael Gaughan would give out the starting command. Temperatures were nearly 100 degrees at the start of the race. Erik Jones would start from the pole, however he would get passed for the lead on lap 1 by Joey Logano, who would go on to lead the first 34 laps until green flag pit stops occurred. At the end of the pit cycle, Kevin Harvick would lead, but was quickly swallowed up by Martin Truex Jr. on lap 59, who then proceeded to stay in the lead for the rest of the stage and win.


2018 South Point 400

Pos                         No  Driver            Team                      Manufacturer  Points
1                           78  Martin Truex Jr.  Furniture Row Racing      Toyota        10
2                           4   Kevin Harvick     Stewart-Haas Racing       Ford          9
3                           88  Alex Bowman       Hendrick Motorsports      Chevrolet     8
4                           41  Kurt Busch        Stewart-Haas Racing       Ford          7
5                           18  Kyle Busch        Joe Gibbs Racing          Toyota        6
6                           9   Chase Elliott     Hendrick Motorsports      Chevrolet     5
7                           22  Joey Logano       Team Penske               Ford          4
8                           20  Erik Jones        Joe Gibbs Racing          Toyota        3
9                           10  Aric Almirola     Stewart-Haas Racing       Ford          2
10                          31  Ryan Newman       Richard Childress Racing  Chevrolet     1
Official stage one results

Stage 2 Laps: 80

The green flag would come out on lap 87. However, just three laps later NASCAR threw the caution for debris caused by Ricky Stenhouse Jr hitting the wall in turn 3. Truex would go on to lead the first 32 laps in the stage until on lap 112, Ty Dillon would suffer a tire failure. Keselowski would lead on the restart on lap 116. Truex would go back to the lead just 9 laps later. On lap 148, the first major crash happened in the day. Kevin Harvick, who was battling Jimmie Johnson for 7th, would blow a right front and smash his car into the wall. Erik Jones, who was running the high side ran into the back of Harvick, taking both of them out. Keselowski would end up as the leader on the restart, and after a 5 lap shootout would win stage 2.

Pos                         No  Driver            Team                  Manufacturer  Points
1                           2   Brad Keselowski   Team Penske           Ford          10
2                           41  Kurt Busch        Stewart-Haas Racing   Ford          9
3                           78  Martin Truex Jr.  Furniture Row Racing  Toyota        8
4                           48  Jimmie Johnson    Hendrick Motorsports  Chevrolet     7
5                           1   Jamie McMurray    Chip Ganassi Racing   Chevrolet     6
6                           22  Joey Logano       Team Penske           Ford          5
7                           9   Chase Elliott     Hendrick Motorsports  Chevrolet     4
8                           12  Ryan Blaney       Team Penske           Ford          3
9                           88  Alex Bowman       Hendrick Motorsports  Chevrolet     2
10                          42  Kyle Larson       Chip Ganassi Racing   Chevrolet     1
Official stage two results

Final Stage Results

Stage 3 Laps: 107


2018 South Point 400

Final Stage Results

Stage 3 Laps: 107

Keselowski would lead the field to green, and would battle Kyle Larson until lap 184 when William Byron suffered a flat tire and hit the Turn 3 wall. Truex would take the lead back on lap 202. 10 laps later, Jamie McMurray, who had hit the wall laps earlier, would spin with another tire failure, collecting Chase Elliott, causing both of them to retire. Logano would pull out to the lead on the restart against Keselowski. Kyle Busch then would get loose and spin coming out of turn 4, with the splitter hitting the frontstretch grass. Larson would lead on the restart, then on lap 248 Denny Hamlin would suffer a similar crash to Kyle Busch, this time destroying Hamlin's car and taking him out. The field would restart, but just 2 laps later on lap 253 Ricky Stenhouse Jr. would hit the back stretch wall hard, similar to Jeff Gordon's 2008 crash at the same track. On the restart, Alex Bowman and Jimmie Johnson would suffer tire problems. Due to debris caused by the incidents, NASCAR was forced to throw the caution with 7 to go. With just 2 laps to go, Keselowski would lead the field to green and would battle with Logano. However, a crash started by David Ragan and Michael McDowell would cause the big one of the day, tearing Matt Dibenedetto's right side and massively damaging Kurt Busch's car. NASCAR would throw the red flag due to the accident. The field would attempt a green-white checkered finish, with Brad Keselowski eventually pulling away and winning the inaugural South Point 400.


2018 South Point 400

Pos                    Grid  No  Driver                   Team                       Manufacturer  Laps  Points
1                      13    2   Brad Keselowski          Team Penske                Ford          272   50
2                      11    42  Kyle Larson              Chip Ganassi Racing        Chevrolet     272   36
3                      10    78  Martin Truex Jr.         Furniture Row Racing       Toyota        272   52
4                      2     22  Joey Logano              Team Penske                Ford          272   42
5                      6     12  Ryan Blaney              Team Penske                Ford          272   35
6                      16    10  Aric Almirola            Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          272   33
7                      4     18  Kyle Busch               Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        272   35
8                      19    19  Daniel Suárez            Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        272   29
9                      22    31  Ryan Newman              Richard Childress Racing   Chevrolet     272   29
10                     20    21  Paul Menard              Wood Brothers Racing       Ford          272   27
11                     18    3   Austin Dillon            Richard Childress Racing   Chevrolet     272   26
12                     25    95  Regan Smith              Leavine Family Racing      Chevrolet     272   25
13                     23    6   Trevor Bayne             Roush Fenway Racing        Ford          272   24
14                     29    47  A. J. Allmendinger       JTG Daugherty Racing       Chevrolet     272   23
15                     28    37  Chris Buescher           JTG Daugherty Racing       Chevrolet     272   22
16                     32    72  Corey LaJoie             TriStar Motorsports        Chevrolet     272   21
17                     36    23  J. J. Yeley (i)          BK Racing                  Toyota        272   0
18                     37    00  Landon Cassill (i)       StarCom Racing             Chevrolet     272   0
19                     9     88  Alex Bowman              Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     271   28
20                     34    15  Ross Chastain (i)        Premium Motorsports        Chevrolet     271   0
21                     8     41  Kurt Busch               Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          271   32
22                     17    48  Jimmie Johnson           Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     270   22
23                     15    14  Clint Bowyer             Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          270   14
24                     26    32  Matt DiBenedetto         Go Fas Racing              Ford          269   13
25                     35    96  Jeffrey Earnhardt        Gaunt Brothers Racing      Toyota        269   12
26                     33    99  Kyle Weatherman          StarCom Racing             Chevrolet     269   11
27                     27    38  David Ragan              Front Row Motorsports      Ford          268   10
28                     38    51  B. J. McLeod (i)         Rick Ware Racing           Ford          268   0


2018 South Point 400

29                     24    34  Michael McDowell         Front Row Motorsports      Ford          265   8
30                     14    17  Ricky Stenhouse Jr.      Roush Fenway Racing        Ford          251   7
31                     40    7   Reed Sorenson            Premium Motorsports        Chevrolet     246   6
32                     3     11  Denny Hamlin             Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        245   5
33                     39    66  Timmy Hill (i)           MBM Motorsports            Toyota        231   0
34                     30    13  Ty Dillon                Germain Racing             Chevrolet     218   3
35                     12    1   Jamie McMurray           Chip Ganassi Racing        Chevrolet     211   8
36                     7     9   Chase Elliott            Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     211   11
37                     21    24  William Byron (R)        Hendrick Motorsports       Chevrolet     210   1
38                     31    43  Darrell Wallace Jr. (R)  Richard Petty Motorsports  Chevrolet     164   1
39                     5     4   Kevin Harvick            Stewart-Haas Racing        Ford          147   10
40                     1     20  Erik Jones               Joe Gibbs Racing           Toyota        147   4
Official race results


2018 South Point 400

Race statistics

  * Lead changes: 9 among different drivers
  * Cautions/Laps: 12 for 59
  * Red flags: 1 for 10 minutes and 37 seconds
  * Time of race: 3 hours, 28 minutes and 15 seconds
  * Average speed: 111.849 miles per hour (180.004 km/h)

Media

Television

NBC Sports called the race on the television side. Rick Allen, Jeff Burton, Steve Letarte and Dale Earnhardt Jr. had the call in the booth for the race. Dave Burns, Parker Kligerman, Marty Snider and Kelli Stavast reported from pit lane during the race.

NBC
Booth announcers                       Pit reporters
Lap-by-lap: Rick Allen                 Dave Burns
Color-commentator: Jeff Burton         Parker Kligerman
Color-commentator: Steve Letarte       Marty Snider
Color-commentator: Dale Earnhardt Jr.  Kelli Stavast

Radio

PRN covered the radio call for the race which was also simulcast on Sirius XM NASCAR Radio. Doug Rice, Mark Garrow and Wendy Venturini called the race in the booth when the field raced through the tri-oval. Rob Albright called the race from a billboard in turn 2 when the field raced through turns 1 and 2. Pat Patterson called the race from a billboard outside of turn 3 when the field raced through turns 3 and 4. Brad Gillie, Brett McMillan, Jim Noble and Heather DeBeaux worked pit road for the radio side.

PRN
Booth announcers            Turn announcers             Pit reporters
Lead announcer: Doug Rice                               Brad Gillie
Announcer: Mark Garrow      Turns 1 & 2: Rob Albright   Brett McMillan
Announcer: Wendy Venturini  Turns 3 & 4: Pat Patterson  Jim Noble
                                                        Heather DeBeaux

Standings after the race


2018 South Point 400

Standings after the race

                             Pos  Driver            Points       Manufacturers' Championship standings                                    Pos  Manufacturer  Points
2                            1    Martin Truex Jr.  2,087        1                                  1    Ford          975
1                            2    Kyle Busch        2,085 (–2)   1                                  2    Toyota        975 (–0)
1                            3    Brad Keselowski   2,069 (–18)                                     3    Chevrolet     882 (–93)
2                            4    Kevin Harvick     2,060 (–27)  Official manufacturers' standings
1                            5    Joey Logano       2,056 (–31)
1                            6    Kurt Busch        2,046 (–41)    * Note: Only the first 16 positions are included for the driver standings.
2                            7    Ryan Blaney       2,042 (–45)
4                            8    Kyle Larson       2,041 (–46)
5                            9    Aric Almirola     2,034 (–53)
1                            10   Austin Dillon     2,031 (–56)
6                            11   Clint Bowyer      2,029 (–58)
4                            12   Alex Bowman       2,028 (–59)
2                            13   Jimmie Johnson    2,022 (–65)
6                            14   Chase Elliott     2,019 (–68)
5                            15   Erik Jones        2,009 (–78)
3                            16   Denny Hamlin      2,008 (–79)
Official driver's standings


1998 World Aquatics Championships

1998 FINA
World Championships
Diving
Individual
1 m                    men          women
3 m                    men          women
10 m                   men          women
Open water swimming
Single
5 km                   men          women
5 km                   team rating
25 km                  men          women
25 km                  team rating
Swimming
Freestyle
50 m                   men          women
100 m                  men          women
200 m                  men          women
400 m                  men          women
800 m                               women
1500 m                 men
Backstroke
100 m                  men          women
200 m                  men          women
Breaststroke
100 m                  men          women
200 m                  men          women
Butterfly
100 m                  men          women
200 m                  men          women
Individual medley
200 m                  men          women
400 m                  men          women
Freestyle relay
4×100 m                men          women
4×200 m                men          women
Medley relay
4×100 m                men          women
Synchronised swimming
Solo                                women
Duet                                women
Team                                women
Water polo
Tournament             men          women
  * v
  * t
  * e

Main article: FINA World Aquatics Championships

The 8th FINA World Championships or the 1998 World Aquatics Championships were held from 8 to 17 January 1998 in Perth, Western Australia. The championships features competition in all five of FINA's disciplines: Swimming, Diving, Water Polo, Synchronised swimming and Open Water Swimming. The main venue for competition was Challenge Stadium, which hosted all disciplines except the Open Water events.

Local athlete Michael Klim was named as the leading male swimmer of the meet, winning the 200 m freestyle, 100 m butterfly, 4×200 m freestyle, 4×100 m medley relay, as well as silver in the 100 m freestyle, 4×100 m freestyle relay and bronze in the 50 m freestyle. Ian Thorpe became the youngest ever male to become world champion when he won the 400 m freestyle event aged 15 years and three months.

Doping

During a routine customs check on Chinese swimmer Yuan Yuan's luggage, enough human growth hormone was discovered to supply the entire women's swimming team for the duration of the championships.Juan Antonio Samaranch by China for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.

Medal table

* Host nation (Australia)


1998 World Aquatics Championships

Medal table

* Host nation (Australia)

Rank                 Nation         Gold  Silver  Bronze  Total
1                    United States  17    6       9       32
2                    Russia         11    3       3       17
3                    Australia*     7     8       10      25
4                    China          6     8       4       18
5                    Ukraine        3     1       0       4
6                    Italy          2     2       2       6
7                    Germany        1     7       6       14
8                    Netherlands    1     4       3       8
9                    France         1     4       1       6
10                   Hungary        1     1       2       4
11                   Spain          1     1       0       2
12                   Belgium        1     0       0       1
Costa Rica           1              0     0       1
14                   Japan          0     4       4       8
15                   Slovakia       0     2       1       3
16                   Canada         0     1       3       4
17                   Sweden         0     1       1       2
18                   Great Britain  0     0       2       2
19                   Argentina      0     0       1       1
FR Yugoslavia        0              0     1       1
Puerto Rico          0              0     1       1
Totals (21 entries)  53             53    54      160

Results

Diving

Main article: Diving at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships
Men Event                    Gold                 Silver                 Bronze
1 m springboard          Zhuocheng Yu (CHN)   Troy Dumais (USA)      Holger Schlepps (GER)
3 m springboard          Dmitri Sautin (RUS)  Yilin Zhou (CHN)       Vassili Lisovski (RUS)
10 m platform            Dmitri Sautin (RUS)  Tian Liang (CHN)       Jan Hempel (GER)
3 m springboard synchro  Hao Xu (CHN)         Alexander Mesch (GER)  Dean Pullar (AUS)
                         Zhuocheng Yu (CHN)   Holger Schlepps (GER)  Shannon Roy (AUS)
10 m platform synchro    Tian Liang (CHN)     Jan Hempel (GER)       Igor Lukashin (RUS)
                         Sun Shuwei (CHN)     Michael Kühne (GER)    Aleksandr Varlamov (RUS)


1998 World Aquatics Championships

Women Event                    Gold                    Silver              Bronze
1 m springboard          Irina Lashko (RUS)      Vera Ilyina (RUS)   Zhang Jing (CHN)
3 m springboard          Yuliya Pakhalina (RUS)  Jingjing Guo (CHN)  Chantelle Michell (AUS)
10 m platform            Olena Zhupina (UKR)     Yuyan Cai (CHN)     Li Chen (CHN)
3 m springboard synchro  Irina Lashko (RUS)      Lang Rao (CHN)      Tracy Bonner (USA)
                         Yuliya Pakhalina (RUS)  Rongjuan Li (CHN)   Kathy Pesek (USA)
10 m platform synchro    Olena Zhupina (UKR)     Yuyan Cai (CHN)     Kristin Link (USA)
                         Svitlana Serbina (UKR)  Li Chen (CHN)       Lindsay Long (USA)

Open water swimming

Main article: Open water swimming at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships
Men Event  Gold                   Silver            Bronze
5 km   Aleksey Akatyev (RUS)  Ky Hurst (AUS)    Luca Baldini (ITA)
25 km  Aleksey Akatyev (RUS)  David Meca (ESP)  Gabriel Chaillou (ARG)

Women Event  Gold               Silver                Bronze
5 km   Erica Rose (USA)   Edith van Dijk (NED)  Peggy Büchse (GER)
25 km  Tobie Smith (USA)  Peggy Büchse (GER)    Edith van Dijk (NED)

Mixed Event  Gold                 Silver               Bronze
       United States (USA)  Russia (RUS)         Italy (ITA)
5 km   John Flanagan        Aleksey Akatyev      Luca Baldini
       Austin Ramirez       Yevgeny Bezruchenko  Fabio Venturini
       Erica Rose           Olga Gouseva         Valeria Casprini
       Italy (ITA)          Australia (AUS)      United States (USA)
25 km  Claudio Gargaro      Grant Robinson       Tobie Smith
       Fabrizio Pescatori   Mark Saliba          Nathan Stooke
       Valeria Casprini     Tracey Knowles       Chuck Wiley

Swimming

Main article: Swimming at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships

Synchronised swimming

Main article: Synchronised swimming at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships

Water polo

Men
Main article: Water polo at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships – Men's tournament
Event  Gold   Silver   Bronze
Team   Spain  Hungary  FR Yugoslavia


1998 World Aquatics Championships

Women
Main article: Water polo at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships – Women's tournament
Event  Gold   Silver       Bronze
Team   Italy  Netherlands  Australia

  * Swim Rankings results


Coney Hill Hospital

Coney Hill Hospital (also known as Second Gloucestershire County Asylum) was a mental health facility in Gloucester, England.

History

The hospital site formed part of the Barnwood Mill Estate.John Giles & Gough and opened as the Second Gloucestershire County Asylum in 1883.echelon plan.First World War it became the Gloucestershire County Mental Hospital and it joined the National Health Service as Coney Hill Hospital in 1948.

After the introduction of Care in the Community in the early 1980s, the hospital went into a period of decline and closed on 31 December 1994.


Coney Island, Bermuda

This article is about the island in Bermuda. For other uses, see Coney Island.

Map of Bermuda showing Saint George's parish.

Coney Island is part of the chain which makes up Bermuda. It is located in St. George's Parish, in the northeast of the territory.

The island cover 14.5 acres (5.9 hectares), close to the western entrance to Castle Harbor, southwest of the town of St. George's and close to the southern entrance to Ferry Reach.

Coney Island's summit was once the site of a fake St. David's Lighthouse built in 1976 for the motion picture The Deep.

32°21′30″N 64°42′55″W / 32.35833°N 64.71528°W


1998 Women's Rugby World Cup final

The 1998 Women's Rugby World Cup Final was a rugby union match to determine the winner of the 1998 Women's Rugby World Cup. The match took place on 16 May 1998 in Amsterdam and was between New Zealand and the United States. New Zealand beat the United States 44–12 to claim their first World Cup title.

Route to the final

Main article: 1998 Women's Rugby World Cup
New Zealand                                          Round           United States
Opponent                                             Result          Pool stage                                             Opponent  Result
Germany                                              134–6           Match 1                                                Russia    84–0
Scotland                                             76–0            Match 2                                                Spain     38–16
Team         Won  Drawn  Lost  For  Against  Ladder                  Team           Won  Drawn  Lost  For  Against  Ladder
New Zealand  2    0      0     210  6        1st                     United States  2    0      0     117  16       3rd
Scotland     1    0      1     37   84       7th     Final standing  Spain          1    0      1     44   56       6th
Italy        1    0      1     42   42       11th                    Wales          1    0      1     101  35       9th
Germany      0    0      2     11   168      15th                    Russia         0    0      2     7    167      16th

Opponent                                             Result          Knockout stage                                         Opponent  Result
Spain                                                46–3            Quarter-finals                                         Scotland  25–10
England                                              44–11           Semi-finals                                            Canada    46–6

New Zealand was pooled with Scotland, Italy and World Cup debutantes, Germany.

The United States beat Russia in their first pool match 84–0, and then beat Spain 38–16. In their quarterfinal, they defeated Scotland in a closely contested match 25–10. Canada only managed 6 points against the United States 46 points in their semifinal game.

Match

16 May 1998

New Zealand      44–12  United States
Try: Cootes (4)
Palmer
Sheck
Wall
Con: Rush

Referee: [England] E. F. Morrison

Summary

Vanessa Cootes scored four of the Black Ferns eight tries in the Final.Farah Palmer, Regina Sheck and Louisa Wall scored a try each with Annaleah Rush making two successful conversions to give New Zealand their first World Cup title.


The 1998 World Allround Speed Skating Championships were held on 13–15 March 1998 in the Thialf stadium in Heerenveen, Netherlands.

Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann and Ids Postma were the world title holders from the previous year and successfully defended their titles. It was Niemann-Stirnemann's seventh all-round world title.

Allround results

Men


Place                            Athlete               Country         Points      500 m          5000 m        1500 m        10000 m
[1st place, gold medalist(s)]    Ids Postma            Netherlands     153.367 WR  36.48 (1)      6:33.09 (1)   1:48.85 (1)   13:45.91 (4)
[2nd place, silver medalist(s)]  Rintje Ritsma         Netherlands     154.091     37.17 (4)      6:34.68 (3)   1:48.86 (2)   13:43.35 (2)
[3rd place, bronze medalist(s)]  Roberto Sighel        Italy           155.830     37.54 (6)      6:39.68 (6)   1:51.19 (3)   13:45.18 (3)
4                                Bart Veldkamp         Belgium         156.129     39.02 (27)     6:34.60 (2)   1:51.57 (5)   13:29.19 (1)
5                                K. C. Boutiette       United States   156.587     36.90 (2)      6:40.01 (7)   1:52.29 (10)  14:05.13 (9)
6                                Jelmer Beulenkamp     Netherlands     157.165     37.95 (14)     6:39.15 (5)   1:51.46 (4)   14:02.94 (8)
7                                Keiji Shirahata       Japan           157.478     37.78 (11)     6:48.16 (12)  1:52.37 (11)  13:48.53 (5)
8                                Frank Dittrich        Germany         158.217     38.65 (24)     6:38.90 (4)   1:54.20 (21)  13:52.23 (6)
9                                Uwe Tonat             Germany         158.363     37.76 (10)     6:47.86 (11)  1:52.65 (13)  14:05.35 (10)
10                               Steven Elm            Canada          158.442     38.10 (16)     6:49.63 (17)  1:52.13 (7)   14:00.06 (7)


11                               Dave Tamburrino       United States   159.384     37.74 (9)      6:49.36 (16)  1:53.69 (18)  14:16.25 (11)
12                               Sergej Tsibenko       Kazakhstan      159.938     37.49 (5)      6:52.90 (20)  1:52.26 (8)   14:34.76 (12)
NC13                             Eskil Ervik           Norway          116.613     38.54 (20)     6:41.50 (9)   1:53.77 (19)
NC14                             Mamoru Ishioka        Japan           116.737     37.89 (13)     6:48.77 (13)  1:53.91 (20)
NC15                             Michael Spielmann     Germany         116.808     37.56 (7)      6:58.25 (26)  1:52.27 (9)
NC16                             Takahiro Nozaki       Japan           116.899     38.33 (18)     6:48.86 (14)  1:53.05 (16)
NC17                             Kevin Marshall        Canada          117.154     37.64 (8)      6:58.91 (27)  1:52.87 (15)
NC18                             Maurizio De Monte     Italy           117.274     38.07 (15)     6:56.21 (24)  1:52.75 (14)
NC19                             Cédric Kuentz         France          117.358     37.85 (12)     6:59.78 (29)  1:52.59 (12)
NC20                             Marnix ten Kortenaar  Austria         117.390     38.57 (22)     6:51.10 (19)  1:53.13 (17)
NC21                             Paweł Zygmunt         Poland          117.411     38.49 (19)     6:45.61 (10)  1:55.08 (23)
NC22                             Jason Parker          Canada          117.457     37.14 (3)      7:09.74 (32)  1:52.03 (6)
NC23                             Jondon Trevena        United States   118.081     38.22 (17)     6:56.05 (23)  1:54.77 (22)


NC24                             Kjell Storelid        Norway          118.493     39.77 (31)     6:40.37 (8)   1:56.06 (28)
NC25                             Sebastian Falk        Sweden          118.600     38.55 (21)     6:56.90 (25)  1:55.08 (23)
NC26                             Anatoli Krasjeninin   Russia          118.886     39.31 (28)     6:49.10 (15)  1:56.00 (27)
NC27                             Dmitri Krasovski      Russia          119.097     38.58 (23)     6:59.51 (28)  1:55.70 (25)
NC28                             Desző Horváth         Romania         119.411     39.32 (29)     6:54.65 (22)  1:55.88 (26)
NC29                             Samuli Ollanketo      Finland         120.902     39.57 (30)     7:05.26 (30)  1:56.42 (29)
NC30                             Oleg Psevkin          Belarus         121.611     38.99 (26)     7:14.18 (34)  1:57.61 (31)
NC31                             Sergij Priz           Ukraine         121.895     39.77 (31)     7:11.29 (33)  1:56.99 (30)
NC32                             Fausto Marreiros      Portugal        123.549     40.31 (34)     7:08.99 (31)  2:01.02 (33)
NC33                             Martin Holoubek       Czech Republic  126.010     41.11 (36)     7:20.20 (35)  2:02.64 (34)
NC34                             Martin Feigenwinter   Switzerland     141.180     1:00.63 (37f)  6:49.74 (18)  1:58.73 (32)
NF3                              Stefan Lechner        Austria         81.774      40.32 (35)     6:54.54 (21)  - (NF)
NS3                              Andrew Nicholson      New Zealand     83.021      38.92 (25)     7:21.01 (36)  - (NS)
NS2                              Vadim Sayutin         Russia          39.800      39.80 (33)     - (NS)


Women


Place                            Athlete                   Country         Points      500 m       1500 m        3000 m          5000 m
[1st place, gold medalist(s)]    Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann  Germany         163.020 WR  40.57 (9)   1:58.69 (1)   4:05.08 (1) WR  7:00.41 (1)
[2nd place, silver medalist(s)]  Claudia Pechstein         Germany         163.669     40.12 (4)   1:59.26 (2)   4:07.36 (2)     7:05.70 (2)
[3rd place, bronze medalist(s)]  Anni Friesinger           Germany         166.014     40.40 (6)   2:01.02 (8)   4:11.57 (3)     7:13.46 (6)
4                                Tonny de Jong             Netherlands     166.410     40.87 (11)  2:02.28 (12)  4:12.88 (4)     7:06.34 (3)
5                                Jennifer Rodriguez        United States   167.106     40.51 (8)   2:00.63 (6)   4:15.33 (7)     7:18.31 (7)
6                                Lyudmila Prokasheva       Kazakhstan      167.375     41.20 (15)  2:01.72 (9)   4:14.27 (5)     7:12.24 (4)
7                                Annamarie Thomas          Netherlands     167.571     40.08 (3)   2:00.12 (5)   4:16.67 (8)     7:26.73 (9)
8                                Emese Hunyady             Austria         167.922     40.25 (5)   1:59.93 (4)   4:17.09 (9)     7:28.48 (10)
9                                Tatyana Trapeznikova      Russia          168.046     40.45 (7)   2:02.00 (10)  4:17.47 (10)    7:20.19 (8)
10                               Barbara de Loor           Netherlands     168.185     41.67 (19)  2:02.13 (11)  4:15.26 (6)     7:12.62 (5)


11                               Becky Sundstrom           United States   168.801     39.97 (2)   2:00.68 (7)   4:19.35 (14)    7:33.80 (11)
12                               Chris Witty               United States   168.851     39.45 (1)   1:59.46 (3)   4:22.57 (18)    7:38.20 (12)
NC13                             Anette Tønsberg           Norway          125.072     40.94 (13)  2:03.17 (13)  4:18.46 (12)
NC14                             Cindy Overland            Canada          125.789     41.62 (18)  2:03.71 (14)  4:17.60 (11)
NC15                             Mie Uehara                Japan           126.033     41.35 (16)  2:03.99 (16)  4:20.12 (15)
NC16                             Noriko Munekata           Japan           126.252     41.84 (20)  2:03.80 (15)  4:18.88 (13)
NC17                             Chiharu Nozaki            Japan           126.530     40.88 (12)  2:04.44 (17)  4:25.02 (19)
NC18                             Varvara Barysheva         Russia          126.896     40.59 (10)  2:05.27 (21)  4:27.30 (20)
NC19                             Mihaela Dascălu           Romania         127.178     41.88 (21)  2:04.98 (19)  4:21.83 (17)
NC20                             Anna Saveljeva            Russia          127.336     41.13 (14)  2:04.50 (18)  4:28.24 (22)
NC21                             Isabelle Doucet           Canada          127.890     41.56 (17)  2:05.19 (20)  4:27.60 (21)
NC22                             Elena Belci-Dal Farra     Italy           128.551     42.92 (23)  2:06.75 (23)  4:20.29 (16)
NC23                             Lise Marie Braathen       Norway          129.968     43.05 (24)  2:06.63 (22)  4:28.25 (23)


NC24                             Svetlana Konstantinova    Ukraine         131.220     42.71 (22)  2:09.66 (25)  4:31.74 (25)
NC25                             Outi Aunula-Ylä-Sulkava   Finland         131.833     43.45 (25)  2:09.37 (24)  4:31.56 (24)
NC26                             Dana Ionescu              Romania         133.229     43.83 (27)  2:09.79 (26)  4:36.82 (26)
NC27                             Jana Rejhonová            Czech Republic  138.740     47.26 (28)  2:14.97 (27)  4:38.94 (27)
DQ2                              Irina Safrankova          Belarus         90.191      43.55 (26)  - (DQ)        4:39.85 (28)


bold signifies championship record.

  * Results on SpeedSkatingNews


The 1998 World Junior Championships in Athletics is the 1998 edition of the World Junior Championships in Athletics. It was held in Annecy, France from July 28 to August 2.

Results

Men


Event                                                                                Gold                    Silver       Bronze
100 metres                                                                                Christian Malcolm       10.12 WJL    Amar Johnson           10.34 PB   Dwight Thomas          10.40
                                                                                Great Britain                        United States                     Jamaica
200 metres                                                                                Christian Malcolm       20.44 WJL    Jairo Duzant           20.92 NJR  Russell Frye           20.94
                                                                                Great Britain                        Netherlands Antilles              United States
400 metres                                                                                Nduka Awazie            45.54 PB     Casey Vincent          45.55 PB   Fawzi Al Shammari      45.89 NJR
                                                                                Nigeria                              Australia                         Kuwait
800 metres                                                                                William Chirchir        1:47.23      Wilfred Bungei         1:47.53    Paskar Owor            1:48.20 PB
                                                                                Kenya                                Kenya                             Uganda
1500 metres                                                                                Adil Kaouch             3:42.43      Benjamin Kipkurui      3:42.67    Robert Witt            3:43.47
                                                                                Morocco                              Kenya                             Poland
5000 metres                                                                                Million Wolde           13:47.49     Kipchumba Mitei        13:49.60   Reuben Kiyara Kamzee   13:51.22 1
                                                                                Ethiopia                             Kenya                             Kenya
10,000 metres                                                                                Benson Barus            29:24.28     Salim Kipsang          29:36.80   Alene Emere            29:47.60
                                                                                Kenya                                Kenya                             Ethiopia
110 metres hurdles                                                                                Staņislavs Olijars      13.51        Sharif Paxton          14.10      Florian Seibold        14.21
                                                                                Latvia                               United States                     Germany
400 metres hurdles                                                                                Periklis Iakovakis      49.82 WJL    Osiris Martínez        50.17 PB   Peter Bate             50.83
                                                                                Greece                               Cuba                              Australia
3000 metres steeplechase                                                                                Reuben Kosgei           8:23.76 WJL  Abraham Cherono        8:32.24    El Moustapha Mellour   8:34.91 PB
                                                                                Kenya                                Kenya                             Morocco
10,000 metres walk                                                                                Roman Rasskazov         41:55.95     Liu Yunfeng            42:01.11   Mario Iván Flores      42:04.55
                                                                                Russia                               China                             Mexico
                                                                                Jamaica                              United States                     Germany
                                                                                Steve Slowly                         Casey Combest                     Tobias Unger


Steve Slowly                         Casey Combest                     Tobias Unger
4 × 100 metres relay                                                                                Thomas Collin           39.70 WJL    Dashaun McCullough     39.71      Stefan Holz            39.99
                                                                                Paul Thompson                        Amar Johnson                      Zapletal Jirka
                                                                                Roy Bailey                           Russell Frye                      Kevin Kuske
                                                                                Australia                            United States                     Jamaica
                                                                                Daniel McFarlane                     Tony Berrian                      Sanjay Ayre
4 × 400 metres relay                                                                                Daniel Batman           3:04.74 WJL  Kevin Baker            3:05.06    Leroy Colquhoun        3:05.31
                                                                                Aaron Russell                        Brian Swarn                       Omar Henry
                                                                                Casey Vincent                        Andrew Pierce                     Dwayne Miller
High jump                                                                                Alfredo Deza            2.21         Yin Xueli              2.21 PB    Aleksandr Veryutin     2.21 PB
                                                                                Peru                                 China                             Belarus
                                                                                Paul Burgess
                                                                                Australia
Pole vault                                                                                Pavel Gerasimov         5.55 PB      Lars Börgeling         5.50       Adam Ptacek            5.20
                                                                                Russia                               Germany                           Czech Republic
                                                                                Giuseppe Gibilisco
                                                                                Italy
Long jump                                                                                Petar Dachev            8.14 NJR     Abdel Rahmane Al-Nubi  8.11 AJR   Luis Felipe Méliz      7.91
                                                                                Bulgaria                             Qatar                             Cuba
Triple jump                                                                                Ionut Punga             16.94 WJL    Ivaylo Russinov        16.65 PB   Gregory Yeldell        16.44 PB
                                                                                Romania                              Bulgaria                          United States
Shot put                                                                                Mikulas Konopka         18.50        Janus Robberts         18.15      Carl Myerscough        18.12
                                                                                Slovakia                             South Africa                      Great Britain
Discus throw                                                                                Zoltán Kővágó           59.36        Emeka Udechuku         57.99      Gabor Mate             56.96
                                                                                Hungary                              Great Britain                     Hungary
Hammer throw                                                                                Olli-Pekka Karjalainen  72.40 CR     Yuriy Voronkin         69.66      Wojciech Kondratowicz  68.93
                                                                                Finland                              Russia                            Poland
Javelin throw                                                                                David Parker            72.85        Gerhardus Pienaar      71.16 PB   Yukifumi Murakami      70.72
                                                                                Great Britain                        South Africa                      Japan


Great Britain                        South Africa                      Japan
Decathlon                                                                                Aki Heikkinen           7476         Thomas Poge            7332 PB    Jaakko Ojaniemi        7246 PB
                                                                                Finland                              Germany                           Finland
WR world record | AR area record | CR championship record | GR games record | NR national record | OR Olympic record | PB personal best | SB season best | WL world leading (in a given season)


1 Ahmed Baday of Morocco originally won the bronze medal in 13:49.86, but he was disqualified after it was discovered he was 24 years old at the time of the Championships.

Women