Ian Geoghegan

Year                                  Title/ event                         Position          Car                                  Entrant
1960                                  Australian GT Championship                 3rd         Holden                               Geoghegan Motors
1961                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        2nd         Jaguar 3.4 Litre                     Geoghegan Motors Liverpool
1963                                  Australian Tourist Trophy                  1st         Lotus 23                             Total Racing Team
1964                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        1st         Ford Cortina GT                      Total Team
1965                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        2nd         Ford Cortina Lotus                   Total Team
Australian Tourist Trophy                             1st                  Lotus 23          Total Team
1966                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        1st         Ford Mustang                         Total Team
1967                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        1st         Ford Mustang                         Mustang Team
1968                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        1st         Ford Mustang                         Mustang Team
1969                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        1st         Ford Mustang                         Mustang Team
1970                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        4th         Ford Mustang                         Geoghegan's Sporty Cars
1971                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        3rd         Ford Mustang                         Geoghegan's Sporty Cars
1972                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        4th         Ford XY Falcon GTHO Phase III        Geoghegan's Sporty Cars
1973                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        8th         Chrysler VH Valiant Charger R/T E49  Grace Brothers Racing
1974                                  Toby Lee Series                            8th         Porsche 911
1976                                  Australian Sports Car Championship         1st         Porsche Carrera                      Laurex Pty Ltd
Australian Sports Sedan Championship                  6th                  Holden HQ Monaro  Craven Mild Racing
1977                                  Australian Tourist Trophy                  1st         Porsche 935
1978                                  Australian Touring Car Championship        13th        Holden LX Torana SS A9X Hatchback    Bob Jane T-Marts

Complete Australian Touring Car Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)


Ian Geoghegan

Year  Team                        Car                                  1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    DC    Points
1961  Geoghegan Motors Liverpool  Jaguar Mk.I 3.4                      LOW       2nd  -
                                                                       2
1964  Total Team                  Ford Cortina Mk.I GT                 LAK       1st  -
                                                                       1
1965  Total Team                  Ford Cortina Mk.I GT                 SAN       2nd  -
                                                                       2
1966  Total Team                  Ford Mustang                         BAT       1st  -
                                                                       1
1967  Mustang Team                Ford Mustang                         LAK       1st  -
                                                                       1
1968  Mustang Team                Ford Mustang                         WAR       1st  -
                                                                       1
1969  Mustang Team                Ford Mustang                         CAL  BAT  MAL  SUR  SYM       1st  25
                                                                       2    1    1    6    DSQ
1970  Geoghegan's Sporty Cars     Ford Mustang                         CAL  BAT  SAN  MAL  WAR  LAK  SYM       4th   21
                                                                       Ret  2    2    1    Ret  Ret
1971  Geoghegan's Sporty Cars     Ford Mustang                         SYM  CAL  SAN  SUR  MAL  LAK  ORA       3rd   36
                                                                       3    2    2    3    2    2    3
1972  Geoghegan's Sporty Cars     Ford XY Falcon GTHO Phase III        SYM  CAL  BAT  SAN  AIR  WAR  SUR  ORA  4th   37
                                                                       Ret  3    1    Ret  2    DNS  Ret  2
1973  Grace Brothers Racing       Chrysler VH Valiant Charger R/T E49  SYM  CAL  SAN  WAN  SUR  AIR  ORA  WAR  8th   15
                                                                            Ret  Ret  Ret  2    Ret  Ret  3
1978  Bob Jane Racing             Holden LX Torana SS A9X              SYM  ORA  AMA  SAN  WAN  CAL  LAK  AIR  13th  14
                                                                       Ret            1         6

Complete Phillip Island/Bathurst 500/1000 results


Ian Geoghegan

Complete Phillip Island/Bathurst 500/1000 results

Year  Team                                                  Co-drivers                    Car                                Class              Laps  Overall   Class
                                                                                position  position
1960  Ecurie Dauphine                                       [Australia] Des West          Renault Dauphine                   B                  152   NA        10th
1963  [Australia] Ford Australia                            [Australia] Leo Geoghegan     Ford Cortina Mk.I GT               C                  105   NA        DNF
1964  [Australia] Ford Motor Co                             [Australia] Leo Geoghegan     Ford Cortina Mk.I GT               C                  127   5th       5th
1965  [Australia] Ford Motor Co                             [Australia] Leo Geoghegan     Ford Cortina Mk.I GT500            D                  130   DSQ       DSQ
1967  [Australia] Ford Australia                            [Australia] Leo Geoghegan     Ford XR Falcon GT                  D                  130   2nd       2nd
1968  [Australia] Ford Motor Company of Australia           [Australia] Leo Geoghegan     Ford XT Falcon GT                  D                  123   12th      7th
1969  [Australia] Ford Australia                            [Australia] Leo Geoghegan     Ford XW Falcon GTHO                D                  128   5th       5th
1971  [Australia] McCluskey Ford Pty Ltd                    [Australia] Brian Michelmore  Ford XY Falcon GT-HO Phase III     E                  0     DNS       DNS
1973  [Australia] Ford Australia                            [Canada] Allan Moffat         Ford XA Falcon GT Hardtop          D                  163   1st       1st
1975  [Australia] Allan Moffat Racing                       [Canada] Allan Moffat         Ford XB Falcon GT Hardtop          D                  109   DNF       DNF
1977  [Australia] Bob Jane 2UW Racing                       [Australia] Bob Jane          Holden LX Torana SS A9X Hatchback  3001cc – 6000cc    35    DNF       DNF
1978  [Australia] Bob Jane T-Marts                          [Australia] Garry Rogers      Holden LX Torana SS A9X Hatchback  A                  29    DNF       DNF
1980  [Australia] Stockton Coin & Bullion Exchange Pty Ltd  [Australia] Paul Gulson       Holden VB Commodore                3001-6000cc        159   3rd       3rd
1981  [Australia] Army Reserve Racing Team                  [Australia] Bob Muir          Ford XD Falcon                     8 Cylinder & Over  92    28th      15th


Ian Geoghegan

* [The 1967 Ford Mustang with which Ian Geoghegan won the 1967, 1968 and 1969 Australian Touring Car Championships. The car is pictured in 2013.]
    The 1967 Ford Mustang with which Ian Geoghegan won the 1967, 1968 and 1969 Australian Touring Car Championships. The car is pictured in 2013.
  * [A race replica of the Ford XA Falcon GT Hardtop in which Geoghegan won the 1973 Hardie-Ferodo 1000 with Allan Moffat]
    A race replica of the Ford XA Falcon GT Hardtop in which Geoghegan won the 1973 Hardie-Ferodo 1000 with Allan Moffat
  * Sydney Morning Herald
  * Racing Geoghegans
  * www.camsmanual.com.au


Hospitalitermes monoceros

Hospitalitermes monoceros, is a species of nasute termite of the genus Hospitalitermes. It was originally considered to be endemic to Sri Lanka, but was also found in India in 2013.Cassia multijuga and Ficus religiosa trees and is a pest of tea.

  * A new species of open-air processional column termite, Hospitalitermes nigriantennalis sp. n. (Termitidae), from Borneo
  * Termites on Ceylon tea estates.


Penrose method

The Penrose method (or square-root method) is a method devised in 1946 by Professor Lionel Penrosesquare root of the population represented by this delegation. This is justified by the fact that, due to the square root law of Penrose, the a priori voting power (as defined by the Penrose–Banzhaf index) of a member of a voting body is inversely proportional to the square root of its size. Under certain conditions, this allocation achieves equal voting powers for all people represented, independent of the size of their constituency. Proportional allocation would result in excessive voting powers for the electorates of larger constituencies.

A precondition for the appropriateness of the method is en bloc voting of the delegations in the decision-making body: a delegation cannot split its votes; rather, each delegation has just a single vote to which weights are applied proportional to the square root of the population they represent. Another precondition is that the opinions of the people represented are statistically independent. The representativity of each delegation results from statistical fluctuations within the country, and then, according to Penrose, "small electorate are likely to obtain more representative governments than large electorates." A mathematical formulation of this idea results in the square root rule.

The Penrose method is not currently being used for any notable decision-making body, but it has been proposed for apportioning representation in a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly,voting in the Council of the European Union.

The EU proposal


Penrose method

See also: Voting in the Council of the European Union
Comparison of voting weights Population in millions as of 1 January 2003
Member state  Population  Nice   Penrose
Germany       82.54m      16.5%  29       8.4%  9.55%
France        59.64m      12.9%  29       8.4%  8.11%
UK            59.33m      12.4%  29       8.4%  8.09%
Italy         57.32m      12.0%  29       8.4%  7.95%
Spain         41.55m      9.0%   27       7.8%  6.78%
Poland        38.22m      7.6%   27       7.8%  6.49%
Romania       21.77m      4.3%   14       4.1%  4.91%
Netherlands   16.19m      3.3%   13       3.8%  4.22%
Greece        11.01m      2.2%   12       3.5%  3.49%
Portugal      10.41m      2.1%   12       3.5%  3.39%
Belgium       10.36m      2.1%   12       3.5%  3.38%
Czech Rep.    10.20m      2.1%   12       3.5%  3.35%
Hungary       10.14m      2.0%   12       3.5%  3.34%
Sweden        8.94m       1.9%   10       2.9%  3.14%
Austria       8.08m       1.7%   10       2.9%  2.98%
Bulgaria      7.85m       1.5%   10       2.9%  2.94%
Denmark       5.38m       1.1%   7        2.0%  2.44%
Slovakia      5.38m       1.1%   7        2.0%  2.44%
Finland       5.21m       1.1%   7        2.0%  2.39%
Ireland       3.96m       0.9%   7        2.0%  2.09%
Lithuania     3.46m       0.7%   7        2.0%  1.95%


Penrose method

Latvia        2.33m       0.5%   4        1.2%  1.61%
Slovenia      2.00m       0.4%   4        1.2%  1.48%
Estonia       1.36m       0.3%   4        1.2%  1.23%
Cyprus        0.72m       0.2%   4        1.2%  0.89%
Luxembourg    0.45m       0.1%   4        1.2%  0.70%
Malta         0.40m       0.1%   3        0.9%  0.66%
EU            484.20m     100%   345      100%  100%


Penrose method

The Penrose method became revitalised within the European Union when it was proposed by Sweden in 2003 amid negotiations on the Amsterdam Treaty and by Poland June 2007 during summit on the Treaty of Lisbon. In this context, the method was proposed to compute voting weights of member states in the Council of the European Union.

Currently, the voting in the Council of the EU does not follow the Penrose method. Instead, the rules of the Nice Treaty are effective between 2004 and 2014, under certain conditions until 2017. The associated voting weights are compared in the adjacent table along with the population data of the member states.

Besides the voting weight, the voting power (i.e., the Penrose–Banzhaf index) of a member state also depends on the threshold percentage needed to make a decision. Smaller percentages work in favor of larger states. For example, if one state has 30% of the total voting weights while the threshold for decision making is at 29%, this state will have 100% voting power (i.e., an index of 1). For the EU-27, an optimal threshold, at which the voting powers of all citizens in any member state are almost equal, has been computed at about 61.6%.Jagiellonian Compromise". Optimal threshold decreases with the number [M] of the member states as [1/2+1/{\sqrt {\pi M}}].

The UN proposal

According to INFUSA, "The square-root method is more than a pragmatic compromise between the extreme methods of world representation unrelated to population size and allocation of national quotas in direct proportion to population size; Penrose showed that in terms of statistical theory the square-root method gives to each voter in the world an equal influence on decision-making in a world assembly".

Under the Penrose method, the relative voting weights of the most populous countries are lower than their proportion of the world population. In the table below, the countries' voting weights are computed as the square root of their year-2005 population in millions. This procedure was originally published by Penrose in 1946 based on pre-World War II population figures.


Penrose method

Population                        Percent of        Voting weight  Percent of
      as of 2005                        world population                 total weight
      World                             6,434,577,575     100.00%        721.32        100.00%
Rank  Country
1     People's Republic of China        1,306,313,812     20.30%         36.14         5.01%
2     India                             1,080,264,388     16.79%         32.87         4.56%
3     United States of America          297,200,000       4.62%          17.24         2.39%
4     Indonesia                         241,973,879       3.76%          15.56         2.16%
5     Brazil                            186,112,794       2.89%          13.64         1.89%
6     Pakistan                          162,419,946       2.52%          12.74         1.77%
7     Bangladesh                        144,319,628       2.24%          12.01         1.67%
8     Russia                            143,420,309       2.23%          11.98         1.66%
9     Nigeria                           128,771,988       2.00%          11.35         1.57%
10    Japan                             127,417,244       1.98%          11.29         1.56%
11    Mexico                            106,202,903       1.65%          10.31         1.43%
12    Philippines                       87,857,473        1.37%          9.37          1.30%
13    Vietnam                           83,535,576        1.30%          9.14          1.27%
14    Germany                           82,468,000        1.28%          9.08          1.26%
15    Egypt                             77,505,756        1.20%          8.80          1.22%
16    Ethiopia                          73,053,286        1.14%          8.55          1.18%
17    Turkey                            69,660,559        1.08%          8.35          1.16%
18    Iran                              68,017,860        1.06%          8.25          1.14%
19    Thailand                          65,444,371        1.02%          8.09          1.12%


Penrose method

20    France                            60,656,178        0.94%          7.79          1.08%
21    United Kingdom                    60,441,457        0.94%          7.77          1.08%
22    Democratic Republic of the Congo  60,085,804        0.93%          7.75          1.07%
23    Italy                             58,103,033        0.90%          7.62          1.06%
24    South Korea                       48,422,644        0.75%          6.96          0.96%
25    Ukraine                           47,425,336        0.74%          6.89          0.95%
26    South Africa                      44,344,136        0.69%          6.66          0.92%
27    Spain                             43,209,511        0.67%          6.57          0.91%
28    Colombia                          42,954,279        0.67%          6.55          0.91%
29    Myanmar                           42,909,464        0.67%          6.55          0.91%
30    Sudan                             40,187,486        0.62%          6.34          0.88%
31    Argentina                         39,537,943        0.61%          6.29          0.87%
32    Poland                            38,635,144        0.60%          6.22          0.86%
33    Tanzania                          36,766,356        0.57%          6.06          0.84%
34    Kenya                             33,829,590        0.53%          5.82          0.81%
35    Canada                            32,400,000        0.50%          5.69          0.79%
36    Morocco                           32,725,847        0.51%          5.72          0.79%
37    Algeria                           32,531,853        0.51%          5.70          0.79%
38    Afghanistan                       29,928,987        0.47%          5.47          0.76%
39    Peru                              27,925,628        0.43%          5.28          0.73%
40    Nepal                             27,676,547        0.43%          5.26          0.73%


Penrose method

41    Uganda                            27,269,482        0.42%          5.22          0.72%
42    Uzbekistan                        26,851,195        0.42%          5.18          0.72%
43    Saudi Arabia                      26,417,599        0.41%          5.14          0.71%
44    Malaysia                          26,207,102        0.41%          5.12          0.71%
45    Iraq                              26,074,906        0.41%          5.11          0.71%
46    Venezuela                         25,375,281        0.39%          5.04          0.70%
47    North Korea                       22,912,177        0.36%          4.79          0.66%
48    Republic of China                 22,894,384        0.36%          4.78          0.66%
49    Romania                           22,329,977        0.35%          4.73          0.66%
50    Ghana                             21,029,853        0.33%          4.59          0.64%
51    Yemen                             20,727,063        0.32%          4.55          0.63%
52    Australia                         20,229,800        0.31%          4.50          0.62%
53    Sri Lanka                         20,064,776        0.31%          4.48          0.62%
54    Mozambique                        19,406,703        0.30%          4.41          0.61%
55    Syria                             18,448,752        0.29%          4.30          0.60%
56    Madagascar                        18,040,341        0.28%          4.25          0.59%
57    Côte d'Ivoire                     17,298,040        0.27%          4.16          0.58%
58    Netherlands                       16,407,491        0.25%          4.05          0.56%
59    Cameroon                          16,380,005        0.25%          4.05          0.56%
60    Chile                             16,267,278        0.25%          4.03          0.56%
61    Kazakhstan                        15,185,844        0.24%          3.90          0.54%


Penrose method

62    Guatemala                         14,655,189        0.23%          3.83          0.53%
63    Burkina Faso                      13,925,313        0.22%          3.73          0.52%
64    Cambodia                          13,607,069        0.21%          3.69          0.51%
65    Ecuador                           13,363,593        0.21%          3.66          0.51%
66    Zimbabwe                          12,746,990        0.20%          3.57          0.49%
67    Mali                              12,291,529        0.19%          3.51          0.49%
68    Malawi                            12,158,924        0.19%          3.49          0.48%
69    Niger                             11,665,937        0.18%          3.42          0.47%
70    Cuba                              11,346,670        0.18%          3.37          0.47%
71    Zambia                            11,261,795        0.18%          3.36          0.47%
72    Angola                            11,190,786        0.17%          3.35          0.46%
73    Senegal                           11,126,832        0.17%          3.34          0.46%
74    Serbia and Montenegro             10,829,175        0.17%          3.29          0.46%
75    Greece                            10,668,354        0.17%          3.27          0.45%
76    Portugal                          10,566,212        0.16%          3.25          0.45%
77    Belgium                           10,364,388        0.16%          3.22          0.45%
78    Belarus                           10,300,483        0.16%          3.21          0.44%
79    Czech Republic                    10,241,138        0.16%          3.20          0.44%
80    Hungary                           10,081,000        0.16%          3.18          0.44%
81    Tunisia                           10,074,951        0.16%          3.17          0.44%
82    Chad                              9,826,419         0.15%          3.13          0.43%


Penrose method

83    Guinea                            9,467,866         0.15%          3.08          0.43%
84    Sweden                            9,001,774         0.14%          3.00          0.42%
85    Dominican Republic                8,950,034         0.14%          2.99          0.41%
86    Bolivia                           8,857,870         0.14%          2.98          0.41%
87    Somalia                           8,591,629         0.13%          2.93          0.41%
88    Rwanda                            8,440,820         0.13%          2.91          0.40%
89    Austria                           8,184,691         0.13%          2.86          0.40%
90    Haiti                             8,121,622         0.13%          2.85          0.40%
91    Azerbaijan                        7,911,974         0.12%          2.81          0.39%
92    Switzerland                       7,489,370         0.12%          2.74          0.38%
93    Benin                             7,460,025         0.12%          2.73          0.38%
94    Bulgaria                          7,450,349         0.12%          2.73          0.38%
95    Tajikistan                        7,163,506         0.11%          2.68          0.37%
96    Honduras                          6,975,204         0.11%          2.64          0.37%
97    Israel                            6,955,000         0.11%          2.64          0.37%
98    El Salvador                       6,704,932         0.10%          2.59          0.36%
99    Burundi                           6,370,609         0.10%          2.52          0.35%
100   Paraguay                          6,347,884         0.10%          2.52          0.35%
101   Laos                              6,217,141         0.10%          2.49          0.35%
102   Sierra Leone                      6,017,643         0.09%          2.45          0.34%
103   Libya                             5,765,563         0.09%          2.40          0.33%
104   Jordan                            5,759,732         0.09%          2.40          0.33%


Penrose method

105   Togo                              5,681,519         0.09%          2.38          0.33%
106   Papua New Guinea                  5,545,268         0.09%          2.35          0.33%
107   Nicaragua                         5,465,100         0.08%          2.34          0.32%
108   Denmark                           5,432,335         0.08%          2.33          0.32%
109   Slovakia                          5,431,363         0.08%          2.33          0.32%
110   Finland                           5,223,442         0.08%          2.29          0.32%
111   Kyrgyzstan                        5,146,281         0.08%          2.27          0.31%
112   Turkmenistan                      4,952,081         0.08%          2.23          0.31%
113   Georgia                           4,677,401         0.07%          2.16          0.30%
114   Norway                            4,593,041         0.07%          2.14          0.30%
115   Eritrea                           4,561,599         0.07%          2.14          0.30%
116   Croatia                           4,495,904         0.07%          2.12          0.29%
117   Moldova                           4,455,421         0.07%          2.11          0.29%
118   Singapore                         4,425,720         0.07%          2.10          0.29%
119   Ireland                           4,130,700         0.06%          2.03          0.28%
120   New Zealand                       4,098,200         0.06%          2.02          0.28%
121   Bosnia and Herzegovina            4,025,476         0.06%          2.01          0.28%
122   Costa Rica                        4,016,173         0.06%          2.00          0.28%
123   Lebanon                           3,826,018         0.06%          1.96          0.27%
124   Central African Republic          3,799,897         0.06%          1.95          0.27%
125   Lithuania                         3,596,617         0.06%          1.90          0.26%


Penrose method

126   Albania                           3,563,112         0.06%          1.89          0.26%
127   Liberia                           3,482,211         0.05%          1.87          0.26%
128   Uruguay                           3,415,920         0.05%          1.85          0.26%
129   Mauritania                        3,086,859         0.05%          1.76          0.24%
130   Panama                            3,039,150         0.05%          1.74          0.24%
131   Republic of the Congo             3,039,126         0.05%          1.74          0.24%
132   Oman                              3,001,583         0.05%          1.73          0.24%
133   Armenia                           2,982,904         0.05%          1.73          0.24%
134   Mongolia                          2,791,272         0.04%          1.67          0.23%
135   Jamaica                           2,731,832         0.04%          1.65          0.23%
136   United Arab Emirates              2,563,212         0.04%          1.60          0.22%
137   Kuwait                            2,335,648         0.04%          1.53          0.21%
138   Latvia                            2,290,237         0.04%          1.51          0.21%
139   Bhutan                            2,232,291         0.03%          1.49          0.21%
140   Macedonia                         2,045,262         0.03%          1.43          0.20%
141   Namibia                           2,030,692         0.03%          1.43          0.20%
142   Slovenia                          2,011,070         0.03%          1.42          0.20%
143   Lesotho                           1,867,035         0.03%          1.37          0.19%
144   Botswana                          1,640,115         0.03%          1.28          0.18%
145   The Gambia                        1,593,256         0.02%          1.26          0.17%
146   Guinea-Bissau                     1,416,027         0.02%          1.19          0.16%


Penrose method

147   Gabon                             1,389,201         0.02%          1.18          0.16%
148   Estonia                           1,332,893         0.02%          1.15          0.16%
149   Mauritius                         1,230,602         0.02%          1.11          0.15%
150   Swaziland                         1,173,900         0.02%          1.08          0.15%
151   Trinidad and Tobago               1,088,644         0.02%          1.04          0.14%
152   East Timor                        1,040,880         0.02%          1.02          0.14%
153   Fiji                              893,354           0.01%          0.95          0.13%
154   Qatar                             863,051           0.01%          0.93          0.13%
155   Cyprus                            780,133           0.01%          0.88          0.12%
156   Guyana                            765,283           0.01%          0.87          0.12%
157   Bahrain                           688,345           0.01%          0.83          0.12%
158   Comoros                           671,247           0.01%          0.82          0.11%
159   Solomon Islands                   538,032           0.01%          0.73          0.10%
160   Equatorial Guinea                 535,881           0.01%          0.73          0.10%
161   Djibouti                          476,703           0.01%          0.69          0.10%
162   Luxembourg                        468,571           0.01%          0.68          0.09%
163   Suriname                          438,144           0.01%          0.66          0.09%
164   Cape Verde                        418,224           0.01%          0.65          0.09%
165   Malta                             398,534           0.01%          0.63          0.09%
166   Brunei                            372,361           0.01%          0.61          0.08%
167   Maldives                          349,106           0.01%          0.59          0.08%
168   The Bahamas                       301,790           0.005%         0.55          0.08%


Penrose method

169   Iceland                           296,737           0.005%         0.54          0.08%
170   Belize                            279,457           0.004%         0.53          0.07%
171   Barbados                          279,254           0.004%         0.53          0.07%
172   Vanuatu                           205,754           0.003%         0.45          0.06%
173   São Tomé and Príncipe             187,410           0.003%         0.43          0.06%
174   Samoa                             177,287           0.003%         0.42          0.06%
175   Saint Lucia                       166,312           0.003%         0.41          0.06%
176   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines  117,534           0.002%         0.34          0.05%
177   Tonga                             112,422           0.002%         0.34          0.05%
178   Federated States of Micronesia    108,105           0.002%         0.33          0.05%
179   Kiribati                          103,092           0.002%         0.32          0.04%
180   Grenada                           89,502            0.001%         0.30          0.04%
181   Seychelles                        81,188            0.001%         0.28          0.04%
182   Andorra                           70,549            0.001%         0.27          0.04%
183   Dominica                          69,029            0.001%         0.26          0.04%
184   Antigua and Barbuda               68,722            0.001%         0.26          0.04%
185   Marshall Islands                  59,071            0.001%         0.24          0.03%
186   Saint Kitts and Nevis             38,958            0.001%         0.20          0.03%
187   Liechtenstein                     33,717            0.001%         0.18          0.03%
188   Monaco                            32,409            0.001%         0.18          0.02%
189   San Marino                        28,880            0.0004%        0.17          0.02%
190   Palau                             20,303            0.0003%        0.14          0.02%


Penrose method

191   Nauru                             13,048            0.0002%        0.11          0.02%
192   Tuvalu                            11,636            0.0002%        0.11          0.01%
193   Vatican City                      921               0.00001%       0.03          0.004%


Penrose method

Criticisms

It has been claimed that the Penrose square root law is limited to votes for which public opinion is equally divided for and against.

In practice, the theoretical possibility of the decisiveness of a single vote is questionable. Elections results that come close to a tie are likely to be legally challenged, as was the case in the US presidential election in Florida in 2000, which suggests that no single vote is pivotal.

In addition, a minor technical issue is that the theoretical argument for allocation of voting weight is based on the possibility that an individual has a deciding vote in each representative's area. This scenario is only possible when each representative has an odd number of voters in their area.

  * List of countries by population
  * The Double Majority Voting Rule of the EU Reform Treaty as a Democratic Ideal for an Enlarging Union : an Appraisal Using Voting Power Analysis, D. Leech and H. Aziz, University of Warwick (2007).
  * Many more references at the web page of American Mathematical Society here.


Sir Robert Napier, 1st Baronet, of Punknoll

His son, Charles

Sir Robert Napier, 1st Baronet of Punknoll (1642 – 31 October 1700) was an English lawyer and politician. He was the son of Robert Napier of Punknoll (d. 1686), the grandson of Sir Nathaniel Napier, also an MP, and the great-grandson of Sir Robert Napier, a judge who had been Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland. His uncle was Gerrard Napier, created a baronet (in 1641) of Middle Marsh and Moor Crichel, who was also a Member of Parliament.

Personal life

He married Sophia Evelyn, the daughter of Charles Evelyn of Godstone, and they had a son, Charles who assumed the baronetcy upon his death in 1700.

Early life and career

He was educated at of Trinity College, Oxford. In 1681, while he served as High Sheriff of Dorset, he was knighted.Member of Parliament (MP) for Weymouth (from 1689 to 1690) and Dorchester (in 1690 and from 1698 to his death in 1700).


Lists of curling clubs in Canada

A curling club in Ontario

The following are lists of curling clubs in Canada. According to Curling Canada, there are nearly 1000 curling clubs in the country.

  * List of curling clubs in Alberta
  * List of curling clubs in British Columbia
  * List of curling clubs in Manitoba
  * List of curling clubs in New Brunswick
  * List of curling clubs in Newfoundland and Labrador
  * List of curling clubs in Nova Scotia
  * List of curling clubs in Ontario
  * List of curling clubs in Prince Edward Island
  * List of curling clubs in Quebec
  * List of curling clubs in Saskatchewan
  * List of curling clubs in Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut

A

  * Assiniboine Memorial Curling Club

B

  * Bally Haly Golf & Curling Club
  * Brandon Curling Club
  * Brantford Golf & Country Club
  * Buckingham Curling Club
  * Burlington Curling Club

C

  * Caledonian Curling Club
  * Calgary Curling Club
  * Caroline Curling Club
  * Cataraqui Golf and Country Club
  * Charleswood Curling Club
  * Chatham Granite Club
  * Cornwall Curling Club
  * Crestwood Curling Club

E

  * East St. Paul Curling Club

F

  * Fort Rouge Curling Club
  * Fort William Curling Club

G

  * Garrison Golf and Curling Club
  * Granite Curling Club (Winnipeg)

H

  * High Park Club
  * Halifax Curling Club

K

  * Kelowna Curling Club
  * KW Granite Club

L

  * Leaside Curling Club
  * Lethbridge Curling Club

M

  * Mayflower Curling Club
  * Mississaugua Golf & Country Club

N

  * Nanaimo Curling Club
  * Nutana Curling Club

O

  * Ottawa Curling Club
  * Ottawa Hunt and Golf Club

Q

  * Quinte Curling Club

R

  * RA Centre
  * Red Deer Curling Club
  * Richmond Curling Centre
  * Richmond Hill Curling Club
  * Rideau Curling Club
  * Royal Canadian Curling Club
  * Royal City Curling Club
  * The Royal Glenora Club
  * Royal Kingston Curling Club
  * Royal Montreal Curling Club

S


Lists of curling clubs in Canada

S

  * Saville Community Sports Centre
  * Scarboro Golf and Country Club
  * Soo Curlers Association
  * St. George's Golf and Country Club
  * St. John's Curling Club
  * St. Vital Curling Club
  * Steinbach Curling Club
  * Sutherland Curling Club

T

  * The Glencoe Club
  * The Granite Club
  * Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club

U

  * Unionville Curling Club

V

  * Victoria Curling Club

W

  * Westmount Golf and Country Club
  * Weston Golf and Country Club

Y


Kitaura Station (Miyagi)

Kitaura Station (北浦駅, Kitaura-eki) is a railway station in the town of Misato, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Lines

Kitaura Station is served by the Rikuu East Line, and is located 4.5 rail kilometers from the terminus of the line at Kogota Station.

Station layout

The station has one island platform, connected to the station building by a level crossing. The station is unattended.

Platforms

1  ■ Rikuu East Line  for Kogota
2  ■ Rikuu East Line  for Furukawa and Naruko-Onsen

History

Kitaura Station opened on 13 September 1914. The station was absorbed into the JR East network upon the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987.

Surrounding area

  * National Route 108
  * Kitaura Station Post Office
  * List of Railway Stations in Japan

Media related to Kitaura Station (Miyagi) at Wikimedia Commons

  * Official website (in Japanese)


Mark Enzer

Mark Timothy Jon Enzer, OBE, is a British engineer. He is the CTO of consultancy Mott MacDonald and former head of the National Digital Twin Programme at the Centre for Digital Built Britain.

Education

In 1987, Enzer graduated from Oxford University (Engineering Science) and in 1992 from Leeds University (Tropical Public Health Engineering). In 2004 he received MBA degree from University of Cambridge.

Career

From November 2009 to March 2012, Enzer was engineering manager at Anglian Water's @one Alliance.

Mott MacDonald

From April 2012 to July 2013, he was Engineering Director of Mott MacDonald's Water Division. He then served as global water sector leader until December 2016, and was appointed as chief technical officer in January 2017.

Centre for Digital Built Britain

From April 2020 until April 2022, Enzer was head of the National Digital Twin Programme and chair of CDBB's Digital Framework Task Group.

Honours

In the 2020 Birthday Honours, Enzer was awarded OBE for his services to national infrastructure.

  * Mark Enzer on Twitter


Tirangsi

Tirangsi (Persian: تيرنگ سي, also Romanized as Tīrangsī) is a village in Khvosh Rud Rural District, Bandpey-ye Gharbi District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 64, in 12 families.


New Castle News

The New Castle News is a six-day (Monday through Saturday) daily newspaper published in New Castle, Pennsylvania, and covering Lawrence County. It is owned by CNHI.

The News also publishes an 8,700-circulation weekly newspaper in nearby Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, called South County News.

History

"The Weekly News was started in the spring of 1879. The Daily City News was started in the fall of 1880. W.J. BANNON, now dead, has the honor of starting these papers. He and Mr. J.T. GLEASON borrowed the money to buy the type from Geo. E. TREADWELL. Mr. GLEASON retired from the paper because there was not money enough in the enterprise to support both him ad Mr. BANNON. Mr. BANNON had associated with him in the Daily enterprise Mr. G.W. SHAW and Mr. Jeff. N. REYNOLDS. These latter withdrew in a brief space. Mr. REYNOLDS is dead, and Mr. SHAW is the local editor of the Guardian. Ill health compelled Mr. BANNON to give up work in July 1881 and he went West for a few months. He did not regain strength, and returned home to die. The office had made no money, other than a living for Mr. BANNON. Mr. TREADWELL was compelled to take charge of the papers. He increased the material until the outfit of the office was equal to that of any similar enterprise in Western Pennsylvania. It cost about $18,000 to do this. The paper is now operated by the NEWS Co. Limited, in which Mr. TREADWELL holds nearly all the stock. The [21] circulation of the WEEKLY NEWS has been increased in the County, until in the Country districts is equal to that of all the other papers published in New Castle. The expenses of the office are over $200 a week, the most of which is paid to employees, and spent in this City."

The first issue of the Weekly News appeared on December 15, 1880, under the ownership of George E. Treadwell and William J. Bannan.

After the death of George E. Treadwell, the paper continued to be published in 1894 by Robert M. Winter, a manager and editor employed by Sarah G Treadwell, George's widow.


New Castle News

On July 30, 1882, Fred L. Rentz, a farm boy of 13, began work at the News as a Printer’s Devil, doing odd jobs. He worked his way up the ranks; and after Mr. Treadwell’s death in 1896, Mrs. Treadwell named Rentz manager of the 800 –circulation paper. He later became part-owner, although the Treadwell family remained majority stockholders until the newspaper was sold in 1988. Fred L. Rentz died in 1946. His son, Jacob Rentz, became President and Publisher.

Jake Rentz was President and Publisher of the News until his death in 1954. Jake's son, Richard was left to run the paper. Younger brother, J. Fred Rentz, was living in California at the time. In 1954 Richard Rentz and mother, Alice Rentz, asked Fred to return to New Castle to help run the News. Richard eventually retired in 1986. Richard Rentz, Jr. became publisher and Fred became president, operating the paper until 1988 when it was sold.

  * New Castle News Website
  * CNHI Website


Pooyamkutty

Pooyamkutty is a small town in Ernakulam district, Kothamangalam Taluk, Kuttampuzha panchayat and in the Indian state of Kerala. Pooyamkutty is situated along Pooyamkutty river, a tributary of the Periyar. The nearest Municipality is Kothamangalam which is 27 km away from Pooyamkutty and takes about one hour travelling time by road. It is very close to the Eravikulam National Park, despite being inaccessible in the short route by road.

Pooyamkutty is known for a hydroelectric project by KSEB. The project was designed to build a hydroelectric power station at Peendimedu waterfall, 8 kilometres deep inside the forest from Pooyamkutty. It was started in the 1980s and abandoned in 1990s. The project was initially designed to make an installed capacity of 1000MW, similar to Idukki dam, then changed to 210MW and subsequently abandoned due to environmental and financial issues by the government of India.

Pooyamkutty Bridge in 2017

Private buses are used as the first medium of transportation from the nearest town Kothamangalam which pass through Pooyamkutty and lead to Manikandamchal followed by Vellaramkuthu. Manikandamchal is fully occupied by farmers and Vellaramkuthu is by 'Adivasi' people. Manikandamchal bridge connects Pooyamkutty to Manikandamchal which was built in 2002, considered as a great addition by farmers staying in Manikandamchal, Vellaramkuthu and Kallelumedu.

Many of the locations used in the Mohanlal movies Pulimurugan and Shikkar are filmed at Pooyamkutty.

  * Kuttampuzha
  * Kothamangalam


Ian Gillespie

Ian Gillespie may refer to:

  * Ian Gillespie (cricketer) (born 1976), English cricketer
  * Ian Gillespie (footballer) (1913–1988), English footballer
  * Ian Gillespie (developer) (born 1961), Canadian developer


Hospitalia

Hospitalia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae erected by Ramón Agenjo Cecilia in 1950. Its only species, Hospitalia flavolineata, was first described by Otto Staudinger in 1883. It is found in south-western Europe.

Wikispecies has information related to Hospitalia.
  * Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul. "Search results Family: Geometridae". Butterflies and Moths of the World. Natural History Museum, London.


Penrose Wolf Building

The Penrose Wolf Building, also known as the Rockwood Opera House, is an historic, American commercial building that is located in Rockwood, Somerset County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

History and architectural features

The front section of this historic building was erected in 1898, and is a two-story, wood-frame structure that measures thirty feet by sixty feet. The rear section was added in 1905, and is a three-story, yellow brick structure that measures fifty feet by seventy-five feet.

During the early twentieth century, the upper floor of the wood frame section housed "the Opera House." The rear section was designed for heavy commercial use and housed a grain and lumber storage facility. In 2000, the building was purchased by Judith Pletcher and restored to working order. It currently houses shops, restaurants and live entertainment in the Opera House.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Penrose Wolf Building.


Shripad Narayan Pendse

Shripad Narayan Pendse (5 January 1913 – 23 March 2007) was a Marathi writer.

Biography

Shripad Narayan Pendse hailed from Maharashtra, India. He was born to a village Murdi, from Taluka Dapoli in Ratnagiri District.

His novel, Rathachakra (The Chariot-Wheel), received a Sahitya Akademi Award in 1963.

His novel, Garambicha Bapu, was translated in 1969 into English, titled –'Wild Bapu of Garambi', as a part of the UNESCO Collection of Representative Works, which had been organized with Sahitya Akademi collaboration.

Haddapar (The Outcast) and Tumbadche Khot (The Khots of Tumbad) are Pendse's other two popular novels.

He was offered a Rockfeller Foundation Scholarship, under which he travelled Europe and United States in order to study and exchange his views with other novelists and learned people. He travelled for more than one year with his wife with the help of this scholarship. In his tour to England, France and the US, he met many well known writers, including E. M. Forster.

Works

Novels

  * Elgar in 1949
  * Haddapar in 1950
  * Garambicha Bapu in 1952
  * Hatya in 1954
  * Yashoda (small novel) in 1957
  * Kalandar in 1959
  * Rathachakra in 1962
  * Lavhali in 1966
  * Octopus in 1972.
  * Akant in 1978
  * Tumbadache Khot Part 1 and Part 2 in 1987
  * Garambichi Radha in 1993
  * Ek Hoti Aji in 1995
  * Kameru in 1997
  * Ghagar Rikami Re Rangamali in 2002
  * Haak Abhalachi in 2007

Dramas

  * Mahapur −1961
  * Rajemastar −1964
  * Yashoda-drama −1965
  * Garambicha Bapu −1965
  * Sambhusanchya Chalit −1967
  * Asa zala aani ujadala −1969
  * Chakravyuha −1970
  * Rathachakra −1975
  * Pandit ! Ata Tari Shahane Vha ! -1978
  * Dr. Huddar −1990


Shripad Narayan Pendse

Short stories

  * Jumman −1956

Other

  * Prayaschitta -translation of The Scarlet Letter in 1969
  * Best upakramachi katha −1972 (he was Deputy Public Relations Officer in BEST undertaking and retired in 1972)

Articles

  * Ek Muktasanvad- Udyachya Kadambarikarashi in 1995
  * Adhyatacha Shodh in 1996
  * Ek Durlabh Sneh in 1996

Characterisation

  * Khadakavaril Hiraval in 1941

Autobiography

  * Shri Na Pendse-Manus Ani Lekhak in 1974

Translation into other languages

  * Garambicha Bapu- In Hindi (1959) and English (1969)
  * Kalandar- In Gujarati (1970)
  * Rathachakra- In Gujarati (1971)
  * Octopus- In Hindi (1976)
  * Hatya- In Hindi (1976)

This article is based on his autobiography, written in 1974, and published by Mauj Prakashan.


Lycoming Career and Technology Center

Lycoming Career and Technology Center is a small suburban, public, career training center located in Hughesville, Pennsylvania. The School serves the residents of five local public school districts: East Lycoming School District, Loyalsock Township School District, Montoursville Area School District, Muncy School District and Warrior Run School District. Lycoming Career and Technology Center is located on the campus of Hughesville Junior Senior High School in the East Lycoming School District. Non-public school students who live in one of the five participating districts are able to attend the School. Lycoming Career and Technology Center is one of 80 public technology schools operating in Pennsylvania.

Lycoming Career and Technology Center offers a choice of three different attendance options. Students may enroll in one-year or two-year half-day programs. A third program offers Work Experience Programs. Students attend their home school for basic academics required for graduation, like literature, science, civics and math. Students graduate from their home district. Lycoming Career and Technology Center also offers evening and weekend adult continuing education programs.

Lycoming Career and Technology Center Joint Operating Co

Programs

  * Culinary Arts
  * Drafting & Design
  * Criminal Justice
  * Health Careers
  * Early Childhood Education
  * Automotive Tech
  * Computer Service Technology
  * Automotive Technology
  * Construction Technology

Students take the appropriate NOCTI exams offered by the National Occupational Competency Testing Institute. They can also participate in the annual SkillsUSA competitions.

41°14′25″N 76°43′52″W / 41.240149°N 76.731120°W


Kitaura Station

Kitaura Station is the name of two train stations in Japan.

  * Kitaura Station (Miyagi), in Miyagi Prefecture on the East Rikuu Line.
  * Kitaura Station (Kōchi), in Kōchi Prefecture on the Tosa Dentetsu Gomen Line


Tallinna JK Augur

Tallinna JK Augur is an Estonian football club based in Keila. Founded in 2012, they currently play in the III Liiga, the fifth tier of Estonian football.

Players

Current squad

As of 31 July 2018.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No.  Pos.  Nation         Player                 No.  Pos.  Nation         Player
1    GK    [Estonia] EST  Andrei Grigorjev       17   MF    [Estonia] EST  Tanel Kanne
4    DF    [Estonia] EST  Karl-Kristjan Kivisto  18   FW    [Estonia] EST  Eduard Uratšov
5    DF    [Estonia] EST  Erkki Viisma           19   DF    [Estonia] EST  Marcus Kukkonen
6    MF    [Estonia] EST  Tomi Linde             24   GK    [Estonia] EST  Caspar Janter
7    FW    [Estonia] EST  Rauno Kütt             46   DF    [Estonia] EST  Tõnu Janter
8    DF    [Estonia] EST  Markko Ladvas          64   DF    [Estonia] EST  Elari Maranik
9    MF    [Estonia] EST  Robin Sööt             66   FW    [Estonia] EST  Martin Kargin
10   FW    [Estonia] EST  Mait Uusmäe            71   DF    [Estonia] EST  Dmitri Karpov
11   MF    [Estonia] EST  Jasper Janter          77   FW    [Estonia] EST  Dmitri Papušin
12   DF    [Estonia] EST  Marek Pello            81   FW    [Estonia] EST  Antti Järva
14   DF    [Estonia] EST  Hendrik Ekke Altnurme  82   FW    [Estonia] EST  Maksim Rozgonjuk
15   MF    [Estonia] EST  Joonas Meister         88   DF    [Estonia] EST  Martin Martsepp
16   MF    [Estonia] EST  Rene Aadusoo           99   MF    [Estonia] EST  Lauri Kurel

Statistics

League and Cup


Tallinna JK Augur

Statistics

League and Cup

Season  Division      Pos  Teams  Pld  W  D  L   GF  GA  GD   Pts  Top Goalscorer         Estonian Cup
2015    IV liiga E    7    8      21   5  2  14  20  79  −59  17   Ludvig Tasane (5)      -
2016    IV liiga N/W  5    10     18   7  3  8   38  39  −1   24   Ruslan Kolesnikov (9)  -
2017    III liiga E   10   12     22   5  1  16  29  86  −57  32   Mait Uusmäe (8)        -


Mill Formation

The Mill Formation is a geologic formation in Scotland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

  * List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Scotland
  * Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database"


New Castle micropolitan area

The New Castle micropolitan area may refer to:

  * The New Castle, Pennsylvania micropolitan area, United States
  * The New Castle, Indiana micropolitan area, United States
  * Newcastle (disambiguation)


Pop! Goes the Icon

Pop! Goes the Icon or PGTI, is an independent American comic book publisher based in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Company history

Pop! Goes the Icon started as a blog by Las Vegas-based writer Pj Perez in 2007, whose topics included comic books and popular culture. After turning over the day-to-day updating of the blog to fellow Las Vegas writer Jarret Keene, Perez worked in secret to revamp PGTI as a boutique publisher of comic books, webcomics and other works of pop culture.

The blog was relaunched as the new PGTI website in April, 2009, announcing a forthcoming webcomic by Perez called The Utopian.

The first print comic published by PGTI was The Utopian #0, a limited-edition (only 50 copies were produced) sampler comic distributed for free at 2009's San Diego Comic-Con International, which collected the first 16 pages from the Utopian webcomic.The Utopian began in the fall of 2009 and continues to publish quarterly, presenting collections of the web series alongside previously unpublished material.

PGTI launched its second title, Omega Comics Presents, an anthology series modeled after precursors such as the similarly named Dark Horse Presents, in February 2010. Published quarterly, it features multiple short, standalone and episodic stories each issue from underexposed creators of independent comics.

In 2014, PGTI began publishing San Hannibal, a ″pulp crime comic″ written by Dan Schkade.paperback volume called San Hannibal: The City of Love and Fear.

Titles

  * The Utopian (2009–present)
  * Omega Comics Presents (2010–present)
  * Tales From The Boneyard (November 2010)
  * Tales From Fremont Street (November 2011)
  * Tales From Lost Vegas (November 2013)
  * San Hannibal (April 2014-January 2015)
  * Old Wounds (April 2015 – present)

  * Official website


Hospitality law

Hospitality law is a legal and social practice related to the treatment of a person's guests or those who patronize a place of business. Related to the concept of legal liability, hospitality laws are intended to protect both hosts and guests against injury, whether accidental or intentional.

Duty to guests

Hotels and other business operators are expected to "act prudently and use reasonable care"

In most cases, unless directly disclaimed (for example, with some insurance waivers), hospitality law does not protect a business owner against charges of negligence.

Use in common law

Common law holds innkeepers liable for any loss of guest property when the guest is on the premises of a place of business; in practice, such liability is often overlooked provided that the business owner meets certain conditions (such as having a guest sign a waiver of liability). In most countries, for liability waivers to be enforceable, notification of the waiver must be posted in an accessible, visible location (usually at the front desk or in a common area of the business), and must be printed in clearly legible text.

American hospitality statutes also govern bailments. A bailment is the "delivery of an item of property, for some purpose, with the expressed or implied understanding that the person receiving it shall return it in the same or similar condition in which it was received, when the purpose has been completed."

The Laws of Innkeepers by John E.H. Sherry

  * Hospitality
  * Nanawatai
  * Sanctuary
  * Grith
  * Xenia (Greek)
  * Hospitium


Hospitals-Meddelelser

Hospitals-Meddelelser (Hospital Communications) was a Danish medical journal founded by Carl Edvard Marius LevySøren Eskildsen Larsen, the chief surgeon at Almindelig Hospital, was co-editor from 1848 to 1853.


Penrod and Sam (novel)

Penrod and Sam is a novel by Booth Tarkington that was first published in 1916. it is set pre-World War 1. This is a sequel to his earlier book Penrod, and focuses more on the relationship between the main character of the previous book, Penrod Schofield, and his best friend, Sam Williams. More of Penrod's adventures appear in the final book of the series Penrod Jashber (1929). The three books were published together in one volume, Penrod: His Complete Story, in 1931.

Plotlines

  * Chapters 1-2: Penrod and his friends are playing their version of war games, but one "prisoner" is forgotten and his place of captivity may prove embarrassing.
  * Chapters 3-4: Penrod and Sam learn the hard way about the dangers of playing with real and loaded guns.
  * Chapters 5-6: The local boys form their own "secret society", but Georgie Bassett, "The Best Boy in Town" (and therefore not popular with the other boys) wants to become a member and the grown-ups are insistent about it.
  * Chapters 7-9: Penrod and Sam find a stray horse and decide to keep him for any possible reward.
  * Chapters 10-11: Penrod's mother goes overboard when she thinks he's sick.
  * Chapters 12-14: Penrod's dog Duke's fight with an extremely vicious cat leads the boys to start their own motion picture project to be set in a jungle.
  * Chapters 15-16: A school assignment concerning "a letter to a friend" proves embarrassing to Penrod when he uses a letter from his sister to her boyfriend (without reading it himself first).
  * Chapter 17: After his sister embarrasses him in church, Penrod tries to find a way to get even.
  * Chapters 18-20: When Penrod can't find anything to keep himself occupied, an overheard conversation leads to a creation that is destined to get him into trouble.
  * Chapters 21-22: Penrod's ambition to become a horn player leads to the involvement of a valuable antique.
  * Chapters 23-24: It's Amy "Baby" Rennsdale's ninth birthday, and Penrod and Sam are invited, but the inclusion of a practical joker among the party guests leads not only to a catastrophe but also to a wonderful revelation.

Film adaptations


Penrod and Sam (novel)

Film adaptations

Penrod and Sam was the most popular of Tarkington's Penrod series among film makers, with three separate adaptations eventually being produced:

  * Penrod and Sam (1923 film), with Ben Alexander as Penrod.
  * Penrod and Sam (1931 film), with Leon Janney as Penrod.
  * Penrod and Sam (1937 film), with Billy Mauch as Penrod.
  * Penrod and Sam at Project Gutenberg
  * Penrod and Sam public domain audiobook at LibriVox


Lolo Pass (Oregon)

For other uses, see Lolo (disambiguation).

Lolo Pass seen from about a mile away

Lolo Pass is a mountain pass 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Mount Hood and 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Zigzag, Oregon, on the Clackamas–Hood River county line. It divides the Sandy River watershed on the southwest from the Hood River watershed on the northeast.

At 3,415 feet (1,041 m), it provides a much lower crossing of the Cascade Range near Mount Hood than the 4,650-foot (1,420 m) Oregon Route 35 Bennett Pass on the southeast side. Access from the southwest side of the pass is paved all the way to the pass, where the road changes to gravel, heading down the northeast side of the pass. Lolo Pass Road (Forest Road 18) is closed due to heavy snow each winter. The road through the pass was initially established by Native Americans, as a trading route connecting the Willamette Valley and sites at the eastern end of the Columbia River Gorge like Celilo Falls. In 1838, Daniel Lee (nephew of missionary Jason Lee) drove livestock across the pass, while traveling east to establish a new Methodist station, named Wascopam Mission.westerner known to have used the trail. The trail was then used as one of the final legs of the Oregon Trail; settlers arriving from The Dalles would often drive their livestock over the pass while their families floated down the river. The 1846 construction of the Barlow Road provided a less daunting alternate route around the south side of Mount Hood.

Lolo Pass is one of the milestones along the Pacific Crest Trail, though not a particularly low point for the region. By 5 miles (8 km) south of Lolo Pass, the Pacific Crest Trail drops to 2,800 feet (850 m) and much lower to the north at the Columbia River. A small campsite is located along the trail just south of the forest service road.


Lycoming Creek

41°13′44″N 77°2′26″W / 41.22889°N 77.04056°W

Lycoming Creek is a 37.5-mile-long (60.4 km)tributary of the West Branch Susquehanna River located in Tioga and Lycoming counties in Pennsylvania in the United States.

Geography

As the crow flies, Lycoming County is about 130 miles (209 km) northwest of Philadelphia and 165 miles (266 km) east-northeast of Pittsburgh. Lycoming Creek has its river source in Tioga County and is 25 miles (40 km) in length from the Tioga County / Lycoming County line to its confluence with the West Branch Susquehanna River at Williamsport. Smaller streams feeding Lycoming Creek include Pleasant Stream, Grays Run, Roaring Branch, Hoagland Run, and Trout Run.

Map of the West Branch Susquehanna River (dark blue) and major streams in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania. Lycoming Creek (yellow) is the third major creek entering the river in the county, between the Larrys Creek (orange) and Loyalsock Creek (green) watersheds.

Watershed

Approximately 81.5% of the Lycoming Creek watershed is in Lycoming County, with 16.5% in Tioga County, and 1.5% in Sullivan County. The watershed has a total population of 19,978 (as of 2000) and a total area of 272 square miles (700 km2). Of that area, 222 square miles (570 km2) are forested, 45 square miles (120 km2) are given to agricultural uses, only 3 square miles (7.8 km2) are developed, and the remaining 1 square mile (2.6 km2) is classified as barren.

Recreation


Lycoming Creek

Recreation

Lycoming Creek is a popular site for trout fishing and is usually heavily stocked with fish in the spring, especially in its upper reaches in Lycoming County. Much of the creek runs through heavily wooded areas, including the Tiadaghton State Forest near Grays Run. North of Trout Run, Pennsylvania Route 14 runs parallel to the creek. From Trout Run south to Williamsport, U.S. Route 15 (and old route 15) run parallel to the creek. Historic Bowman Field, home to the minor league baseball Williamsport Crosscutters, is located along the creek near its mouth in the western Newberry section of Williamsport.

History

Lycoming Creek, which begins in McNett Township, served as a highway of sorts during the colonial era of Pennsylvania's history. The local Lenape (Delaware) people called it Legani-hanne, meaning "sandy stream" - the name was later rendered by Europeans as Lycaumick and then Lycoming.West Branch Susquehanna River. This mode of transportation was considerably faster than walking the path.

Conrad Weiser guided Moravian missionaries along the creek and path to reach Onondaga, the capital of the Iroquois Confederacy in 1737. Raiding parties of Indian warriors used the creek and path in 1770 when conducting attacks on the West Branch Susquehanna Valley strongholds of Fort Muncy and Fort Freeland. Fort Freeland was also attacked and captured by Loyalists in July 1779. Colonel Thomas Hartley led the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment up the Sheshequin Path during the American Revolution. Hartley's expedition in 1778 preceded the Sullivan Expedition of 1779. Both Hartley and Sullivan were instrumental in claiming the frontier of Pennsylvania and New York for the forces of the Continental Army. As Hartley and his men passed through Lewis Township the Sheshequin path was widened. The widening of the path helped to open this area to settlement in the years following the Revolution.


Lycoming Creek

In 1839, the Williamsport and Elmira Railroad was built along the creek from Williamsport to Ralston, and was extended to the source of the creek and beyond to Elmira, New York, in 1854. The railroad was reorganized in 1860 as the Elmira and Williamsport Railroad, and came under the control of the Northern Central Railway in 1863, and later the Pennsylvania Railroad. U.S. Route 15 and Pennsylvania Route 14 were later built up the length of the creek. In 1972, flooding caused by Hurricane Agnes washed out several rail bridges and resulted in the abandonment of the railroad north of Hepburnville; the remainder was abandoned in 1986.

Lycoming Creek in Williamsport, PA near its mouth. Note flood control levees on either side.

There was severe flooding on Lycoming Creek on January 19 and 20, 1996, when a combination of heavy snow on the ground, heavy rains and subsequent melting, and ice dams led to flooding two feet higher than that seen in 1972 with Hurricane Agnes. Six people died as a result of flooding on Lycoming Creek in the greater Williamsport area, and there was millions of dollars of damage to property.

  * List of rivers of Pennsylvania

General reference

  * Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection 2001 Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams
  * Lycoming County Watersheds Map
  * Official Lycoming County Map showing all townships, villages, boroughs, cities, county roads, rivers, creeks, and some streams

Lycoming Creek

  * Pennsylvania Game and Fish Commission description of Lycoming Creek
  * Chesapeake Bay Program page on Lycoming Creek Watershed
  * USGS Real Time Water Data for Lycoming Creek:
      + Gauge near the creek's mouth at Williamsport
      + Gauge upstream near Trout Run
  * Lycoming County Stream Gauge Data for Lycoming Creek:
      + Gauge at Hepburnville
      + Gauge at Bodines
      + Gauge at Ralston
      + Gauge at Deer Crossing
      + Gauge at Roaring Branch
  * Information on the 1996 floods from the USGS


Kitay

Kitay may refer to:

  * Cathay, alternative English name for China
  * David Kitay (born 1961), American film composer
  * Kitay-gorod, business district in Moscow
  * The New China (Osvobozhdyonnyy kitay), 1950 Soviet documentary
  * Kitai (disambiguation)


Tallis

Tallis may refer to:

People

  * Tallis (name)
  * Often Thomas Tallis (c. 1505 – 1585). English composer

Arts, entertainment, and media

Fictional entities

  * Tallis, a world in Kathy Tyers' Firebird series
  * Tallis family (Briony, Cecilia, Emily, Jack and Leon), a fictitious wealthy family central to the plot of Atonement
  * Canon Tallis, a recurring character in both the "Kairos" and "Chronos" series by Madeleine L'Engle
  * Tallis, a character in the Dragon Age media franchise

Music

  * Tallis, a rock band formed by former Jethro Tull members John Evan and David Palmer
  * Tallis Festival, a choral event hosted in London every 12 to 18 months
  * The Tallis Scholars, British early music ensemble named after Thomas Tallis
  * Thomas Tallis, 16th century English choral composer, regarded as one of the greatest composers in English history

Other arts, entertainment, and media

  * Tallis, a publishing company formed by Edgar Wallace to promote his novel The Four Just Men
  * Tallis Directory, a gazetteer of Gravesend, England published in 1839

Other uses

  * Thomas Tallis School in Greenwich, London, England
  * Tallit, a Jewish religious garment
  * Talis (disambiguation)


Mill Green

Mill Green may refer to:

  * Mill Green, Babergh, a hamlet in Suffolk, England
  * Mill Green, Buxhall, a hamlet in Suffolk, England
  * Mill Green, Cambridgeshire, England
  * Mill Green, Essex, a hamlet in Essex, England
      + Fryerning Mill, a windmill in Mill Green, Essex near Fryerning, Essex, England
  * Mill Green, Hampshire, a location in England
  * Mill Green, Hertfordshire, an area of Hatfield, England
      + Mill Green Watermill, a watermill in Hertfordshire
  * Mill Green, Norfolk, a location in England
  * Mill Green, Shropshire, a location in England
  * Mill Green, Staffordshire, a location in England
  * Mill Green, Stonham Aspal, a hamlet in Suffolk, England
  * Mill Green Historic District, a community located in Street, Maryland, United States


Nyarushiri

Nyarushiri is a ward in Bikita District of Masvingo Province in south-eastern Zimbabwe.


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

This article is about the Parkside station on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. For other Parkside stations, see Parkside railway station.

Parkside railway station was an original station on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. It then became the interchange station between lines when the Wigan Branch Railway opened in 1832, moving to the physical junction of the two lines in 1838. The station continued as an interchange until being by-passed in 1847 when a west curve was opened to facilitate north–south links that did not go through the station. Traffic declined further after the Winwick cut-off opened in 1864 leading to closure in 1878.

First station

The original Parkside station opened on 17 September 1830 as part of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR),

These early intermediate stations were often little more than halts, usually positioned where the railway was crossed by a road or turnpike.Parkside, Park Side and Parkside & Wigan Junction in its first decade of existence before settling on Parkside.

Huskisson Memorial 1913

During the opening ceremony the MP William Huskisson was killed in an accident at the station.memorial to Huskisson was paid for by the railway and erected at the trackside in 1831.Newton-le-Willows.

Parkside was one of only two intermediate stops on the L&MR where locomotives could be fuelled and watered (the other was at Eccles), it was well placed to do so being about halfway along the line, 14 miles 58 chains (23.7 km) from Edge Hill14 miles 29 chains (23.1 km) from Manchester Liverpool Road.

Taking in water at Parkside, from Bury's Liverpool and Manchester Railway, 1831

The Wigan Branch Railway (WBR) opened on 3 September 1832 forming a junction with the L&MR to the East of Parkside station with an east curve (that is towards Manchester). A west curve and a flat crossing of the L&MR had been planned, and authorised, but weren't built because of financial considerations. One of these unconstructed sections had been intended to meet a similarly unconstructed east curve of the Warrington and Newton Railway which had also not been constructed for the same reason.


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

* v
  * t
  * e
Parkside area 1832

        to Liverpool
        Newton Junction
        [Left arrow]W&NR             [Right arrow] Haydock Colliery
        Projected branch of W&NR
        Projected branch(es) of WBR
        WBR to Wigan
        Parkside first station
        Bolton Junction
        K&LJR to B&LR to Bolton
        to Manchester

The lack of these two curves made through south–north journeys very difficult, for example a train or carriages coming from Warrington in the south heading to Wigan in the north would have to pass through Newton Junction station, reverse onto the mainline, pass through the station again, pass through Parkside station, then reverse again to take the WBR, avoiding any interference with the regular and busy traffic already using the L&MR. This would have undoubtedly have caused operational problems and therefore Parkside became the terminus station for trains on the WBR.

Sweeney (2008) records there were complaints in October 1832 that passengers had to wait without shelter when changing trains, and the railways jointly funded the building of a waiting shed.

In 1834 the WBR became part of the North Union Railway (NUR).Up and Down L&MR lines, Up and Down NUR lines (the NUR had by now installed its second running line) and a siding which ran into the point of the junction, this siding was probably used for an engine shed.

Parkside Station from Views on the London & North Western Railway - Tait, 1848

After the passenger station was moved to the junction this first station remained open as a goods station, being labelled a "Luggage Station" on the 1849 OS map. It is not recorded when the goods station closed but by the 1894 edition of the Ordnance Survey the site was labelled as a pumping station with a couple of sidings leading into it.

Second station

On 31 October 1838, the station was relocated approximately 17 chains (340 m) east, to be at the junction of lines with the NUR which opened on the same day through to Preston.Grand Junction Railway (GJR) which had by that time absorbed the Warrington and Newton Railway. The GJR apparently contributed to the cost of the new station as an alternative to having to build a direct connection between the Warrington and Wigan lines.


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

* v
  * t
  * e
Parkside area 1865

        to Liverpool
        Earlestown Junction
        [Left arrow] to Warrington  [Right arrow] Haydock Colliery
        Newton Bridge
        Winwick cut-off

        WBR to Wigan
        Parkside second station

        Bolton Junction
        K&LJR to B&LR to Bolton
        to Manchester

notes
        Luggage station
        Preston Junction

This new station did not solve all the traffic problems, trains from the Liverpool, or Warrington (the east curve at Newton Junction had opened on 4 July 1837) directions still had to reverse at Parkside in order to access the northbound NUR line and vice versa. The Tate illustration does not appear to show any interconnection between the L&MR lines on the left and the NUR lines on the right, indeed it shows passengers making their way across the lines from one side of the station to the other, indicating a pedestrian changing of trains.

In 1845 the L&MR and others amalgamated into an expanded Grand Junction Railway and a year later the GJR itself amalgamated to form the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR).

Junctions

There were two junctions associated with Parkside station;

  * one to the east of the original station facing Manchester, to which the station was relocated in 1838, this junction was known at different times as Parkside East Junction, Parkside Manchester Junction, and since at least 2005, Parkside Junction.
  * one to the west of both stations which opened in 1847 facing Newton Bridge (later called Newton-le-Willows) and Liverpool was known variously as Parkside West Junction, Parkside & Liverpool Junction, and since at least 2005, Newton-le-Willows Junction.

The two curves from the above junctions joined to the north of Parkside where Preston Junction station was built, this junction was known initially as Preston Junction but then became Lowton Junction by which name it is still known.

The lines from Newton-le-Willows through the west facing junction and Lowton junction formed a secondary West Coast Main Line (WCML) route that was electrified as part of the WCML modernisation which was completed in 1974.Newton-le-Willows and Castlefield Junction in Manchester was electrified on 9 December 2013.

Services

What follows describes the passenger services that ran through Parkside, there were also freight trains, both owned by the companies and private operators.

1830-1832


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

1830-1832

The L&MR started regular passenger services on 17 September 1830, they ran three first class trains in each direction daily and introduced second class trains a week later running two daily in each direction, there were fewer trains on Sundays.stopping places, of which Parkside was one as locomotives needed to take on water here.

Quick (2022) documents the lack of timetables at this time, it is known how many trains ran but not where and when they stopped on-route.

1832-1839

The situation on the L&MR continued much as described above except the railway became more popular and therefore more trains were run, by 1836 the timetable had settled down to 10 trains daily each way between Liverpool and Manchester, with an extra two trains during the summer.

The L&MR agreed to operate the WBR when it opened in September 1832, initially a passenger service was run utilising "an engine of the 'oldest' construction hauling four coaches", and the fares were fixed at 5s 0d and 3s 6d from Wigan to Liverpool or Manchester (or the reverse) for first and second class respectively.

The WBR arranged in October 1832 for a glass coachNorth Union Railway (NUR) until the NUR line to Preston, and the relocated station opened on 31 October 1838.

1839-1842

Services became more complicated in 1838–39 because the NUR opened between Wigan and Preston, and the Grand Junction Railway (GJR) opened between Newton and Birmingham, and between Birmingham and London. This enabled through journeys from south–north as well as the original east–west, and additionally from the south and north to both Liverpool and Manchester. This was three railways running trains through or connecting at Parkside.

The L&MR services continued much as normal with 11 trains each way between Liverpool and Manchester.


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

From February 1839 the NUR ran four southbound passenger trains on weekdays, departing Preston for Liverpool, Manchester and Wigan at 0820 (mixed train), 1040 (first class), 1420 (second class) and 1620 (mixed train), on Sundays there were two mixed class trains at 0645 and 1715. Additionally, mail trains for Birmingham and London departed at 1710 and 0208, passengers were advised that in addition to the mail trains they could also proceed to the south by booking to Parkside and waiting for a short time for the next GJR train. All of these trains went through Parkside, and those in the opposite direction which are not mentioned in the company advertisement about return train times.

The GJR had weekday trains leaving Manchester to Birmingham at 0330 (first class), 0600 (mixed class), 0815 (first class), 1030 (first class), 1215 (first class), 1600 (mixed class) and 1900 (first class), these trains all went through Parkside and Newton to connect with trains from Liverpool (which did not go through Parkside) at Warrington, most of them connected with London trains at Birmingham. In the opposite direction three of the GJR trains connected with NUR trains at Parkside.

The L&MR and NUR companies agreed that each would operate its own passenger trains on its own line but that through coaches would be provided between Preston and Liverpool and Manchester.

This was probably the peak of services through the station.

Demise and closure

The stations importance declined gradually. Advances to locomotive technology meant locomotives could make their journey between Liverpool and Manchester without needing to stop at Parkside to refuel.

In 1842 the Manchester and Birmingham Railway (M&BR) opened the direct line between Crewe and Manchester, this shorter route was used by the GJR in partnership with the M&BR and its trains to Manchester stopped running through Parkside.


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

In 1843 the Bolton and Preston Railway (B&PR) opened the line between the NUR at Euxton and Bolton, the Manchester and Bolton Railway line was already operating between Bolton and Manchester. After the B&PR became part of the NUR in 1844 the NUR used both this more direct route and via parkside for trains from the north to Manchester, partly because it combined the service with that bound for Liverpool, dividing the train at Parkside. The February 1844 departure schedule from Preston shows 5 services each way via Parkside (2 of which continued on to London and one to Birmingham) and 4 services via Bolton.

A west curve and Preston Junction station was opened by the L&NWR in 1847 which made north–south travel easier but reduced Parkside's importance as an interchange. The L&NWR used Preston Junction to exchange passengers with the North Union Railway, so passengers no longer changed trains at Parkside. From around this time trains going north towards Wigan from Warrington or Liverpool didn't pass through Parkside.

By 1855 the station is only listed in the Liverpool to Manchester service table with four trains to Manchester and three to Liverpool.

In 1864, the L&NWR constructed the Winwick cut-off which by-passed Parkside and its junctions, making the north–south journey much easier but effectively made Parkside redundant as an interchange.

Map showing the rural area around Parkside railway junctions and former station sites

Finally, there was very limited local demand as Parkside, even today, remains relatively rural.

The station closed on 1 May 1878, although the buildings continued in use as cottages for some time afterwards.


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

Preceding station            Historical railways  Following station
                             East-West line
Newton Junction                                   Liverpool and Manchester Railway    Bolton Junction
                                                  1830 – 1843
Newton Junction                                   Liverpool and Manchester Railway    Kenyon Junction
                                                  1843 – 1845                         Station renamed
                                                  Grand Junction Railway
Newton Bridge                                     Liverpool and Manchester Railway    Kenyon Junction
New station                                       1845 – 1846
                                                  Amalgamated
                                                  London and North Western Railway
                                                  Grand Junction Railway
Newton Bridge                                     Liverpool and Manchester Railway    Kenyon Junction
                                                  1846 – 1878
                                                  Amalgamated
                             Northbound line
Wigan Chapel Lane                                 Wigan Branch Railway                Terminus
                                                  1832 – 1834
                                                  North Union Railway
Wigan Chapel Lane                                 Wigan Branch Railway                Terminus
                                                  1834 – 1838
                                                  Amalgamated
Wigan                                             North Union Railway
Station rebuilt and renamed                       Wigan Branch Railway                Terminus
                                                  1838 – 1847
                                                  London and North Western Railway
Preston Junction                                  North Union Railway
New station                                       Wigan Branch Railway                Terminus
                                                  1847 – 1878
                                                  Leased line
                             Current situation
Newton-le-Willows                                 Parkside                            Kenyon Junction
Formerly Newton Bridge                            Lines open, station closed 1878     Line open, station closed
Line and station open
Lowton
Formerly Preston Junction
Line open, station closed


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

* Ahrons, Ernest Leopold (1927). The British steam railway locomotive, 1825-1925. London: Locomotive Publishing Company. OCLC 1041663104.
  * Booth, Henry (1830). An Account of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. Liverpool.
  * Bradshaw, George (1843). Bradshaw's Railway Companion, containing the times of departure, fares, &c. of the railways in Great Britain and Ireland. London: Bradshaw's Railway Information Office. pp. 13–16.
  * Bradshaw, George (2012) [March 1850]. Bradshaw's Rail Times for Great Britain and Ireland March 1850: A reprint of the classic timetable complete with period advertisements and shipping connections to all parts. Midhurst: Middleton Press. ISBN 978-1-908174-13-0.
  * Bradshaw, George (1855). Bradshaw's General Railway and Steam Navigation Guide, for Great Britain and Ireland. Manchester: Bradshaw & Blacklock.
  * British Railways Board (April 1968). Route Improvements Electrification: Weaver Junction to Glasgow (PDF) (Report). British Railways Board.
  * British Railways Board (1974). Electric All The Way (PDF). British Railways Board.
  * Carlson, Robert Eugene (1969). The Liverpool & Manchester Railway Project, 1821-1831. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
  * Donaghy, Thomas J. (1972). Liverpool & Manchester Railway operations, 1831-1845. Newton Abbot, Devon: David and Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5705-0.
  * Ferneyhough, Frank (1980). Liverpool & Manchester Railway, 1830-1980. R. Hale. ISBN 978-0-7091-8137-8.
  * Garfield, Simon (2002). The Last Journey of William Huskisson. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-21048-1.
  * Grant, Donald J. (2017). Directory of the Railway Companies of Great Britain (1st ed.). Kibworth Beauchamp, Leicestershire: Troubador Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78803-768-6.


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

* Greville, M.D. (1981). Chronology of the Railways of Lancashire and Cheshire (Revised and Combined ed.). Railway & Canal Historical Society. ISBN 0-901461-30-X.
  * Holt, G.O. (1965). A short history of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (Second ed.). The Railway and Canal Historical Society.
  * Jacobs, Gerald, ed. (2005). Railway Track Diagrams Book 4:Midlands & North West. Bradford on Avon: Trackmaps. ISBN 0-9549866-0-1.
  * Quick, Michael (2022) [2001]. Railway passenger stations in Great Britain: a chronology (PDF). version 5.04. Railway & Canal Historical Society.
  * Reed, Brian (1969). Crewe to Carlisle. Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0057-3.
  * Reed, Malcolm C. (1996). The London & North Western Railway: A History. Atlantic Transport. ISBN 978-0-906899-66-3.
  * Simmons, Jack (1978). The Railway in England and Wales 1830-1914:Volume 1:The system and its working. Leicester University Press. ISBN 0-7185-1146-8.
  * Simmons, Jack (1995). The Victorian Railway (1st Paperback ed.). London: Thames & Hudson Ltd. ISBN 978-0-500-28810-8.
  * Simmons, Jack (1997). "Class distinctions". In Simmons, Jack; Biddle, Gordon (eds.). The Oxford Companion to British Railway History From 1603 to the 1990s (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 84–87. ISBN 0-19-211697-5.
  * Sweeney, Dennis (2008). The Wigan Branch Railway. Triangle Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9550030-3-5.
  * Thomas, R. H. G. (1980). The Liverpool & Manchester Railway. London: Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-0537-6.
  * The station sites on a 1948 OS Map npe maps
  * The 1st station Disused Stations UK


Parkside railway station (Merseyside)

* The 1st station Disused Stations UK
  * The 2nd station Disused Stations UK
  * The line and mileages railwaycodes


Hospitality suite

This article is about the convention feature. For the stage play later made into a film, see Hospitality Suite (play).

A hospitality suite is a room or suite of rooms in a hotel or convention center, provided during a convention or conference, in order for a business, candidate, or organization to meet and entertain current or potential clients, supporters, etc. providing free refreshments and a place for guests or visitors to rest and to mingle and network during the quiet times of an event such as between or after sessions. At science fiction conventions, this is paid for by the convention, and is known as a consuite or con suite.

Some destination weddings include a hospitality suite, where wedding guests can come for refreshments and information.


Heads of loss

In contract law or tort law, the term heads of loss or heads of claim refers to categories of damage that a party may incur. It uses the term "head" in its sense of "category"; each head of loss refers to the damages that correspond to a particular category of duty.

Contract law

When used in the context of contracts, "loss" is the equivalent of damages at common law. The measure of such damages can be complex, but the starting position is to put the injured party in the same position (so far as money can accomplish) as if the contract had been correctly performed

For example, a book on "Building Contract Claims" lists the following "more common heads of loss":

  * On-site establishment costs
  * Head office overheads
  * Loss of profit
  * Inefficient or increased use of labour and plant
  * Winter working
  * Plant
  * Increased costs
  * Financing charges and interest
  * Duty of care
  * Reliance damages


Joaquina Téllez-Girón, Marchioness of Santa Cruz

Portrait of the Marchioness of Santa Cruz by Goya

Doña Joaquina Téllez-Girón y Pimentel, 2nd Countess of Osilo, iure uxoris Marchioness of Santa Cruz (Spanish: Doña Joaquina Téllez-Girón, marquesa de Santa Cruz; 21 September 1784 – 17 November 1851) was a daughter of Pedro Téllez-Girón, 9th Duke of Osuna and María Josefa Pimentel, 12th Countess-Duchess of Benavente.

In 1801, she married José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán y Waldstein, the future Marquess of Santa Cruz.

She is best known as the subject of an 1805 portrait by Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes, a family friend.

  * Antonio Marichalar, Riesgo y ventura del duque de Osuna Escrito


Smoke in the Eyes

Humo en los ojos (Smoke in the Eyes) is a Mexican drama film directed by Alberto Gout. It was released in 1946 and starring Meche Barba and David Silva.

The film is in the public domain in both Mexico and the United States.

Plot

Maria Esther (Meche Barba) is a young girl that works as a dancer in a cabaret. María Esther falls in love with Carlos (David Silva), a sailor who had a previous relationship with a cabaret woman named Sofia (María Luisa Zea). A rivalry erupts between the two women. Neither of the two realizes that, in reality, they are mother and daughter.

Cast

  * Meche Barba ... María Esther
  * David Silva ... Carlos
  * María Luisa Zea ... Sofía
  * Rubén Rojo ... Juan Manuel
  * Fernando Soto "Mantequilla" ... Chon
  * Toña la Negra ... Toña

Reviews

The plot was inspired by the same named song of Agustín Lara, who brought other tropical themes along with Juan Bruno Tarraza and Rafael Hernández Marín. One of the classic films of the Rumberas film is Humo en los ojos. In his essential and delicious Documentary History of Mexican cinema, the researcher Emilio García Riera writes the following comment: It's funny the outcome of this tropical melodrama. David Silva feels incestuous by simple solidarity with her former lover Maria Luisa Zea and that makes him give up of a Meche Barba more "femme fatal" than ever. In the microcosm of the tropical cabaret, the director Alberto Gout discovered how the passions tragically collide with the revelations of kinship. At the same time, Gout was finding, for him and for the genre of Rumberas, the style that would give prosperity in the coming years.


Smoke in the Eyes

The film was originally offered to the Cuban-Mexican rumbera María Antonieta Pons. As the producer(s) and Pons did not reach a salary agreement, the producer Alfonso Rosas Priego and the director Alberto Gout began to test several other candidates. Among them were Lupita Torrentera, Yadira Jimenez and Ethel Maklen, but eventually Meche Barba was chosen. Thanks to this film, Barba makes her foray into Rumbera films.

  * Humo en los ojos at IMDb


Lycomimus ampliatus

Lycomimus ampliatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug in 1825. It is known from Brazil.


Pulinchode

Pulinchode is a place in Engandiyoor village located in the Thrissur district of Kerala state, India. This Place shares borders with Chetuva on the north side and Chantha on the south side. On the west side is the Anjam Kallu and to the east Canoli Canal. The native languages of Pulinchode are Malayalam & English. Most of the people use the Malayalam language for communication.

Pulinchode is dependent on Persian Gulf countries for income.

Arts & sports clubs

There are various arts & sports clubs in the area, such as the Pulinchode Youth Club, Vallabhatta Engandiyoor, BLS Engandiyoor, Sardar Pulikkakadav, GSS Engandiyoor, and NASC Engandiyoor.

Religious organizations

Religious organizations include:

  * Pulinchode Centre Ulsava Committee
  * Pulinchode Vadakku Bagam Ulsava Committee
  * Pulinchode Padinjaru bagam Ulsava Committee
  * Pulinchode Kizhakkumury Ulasava Committee
  * Saint Sebastian Vadakkumury Samudhayam

The famous St Mary's Lourdes Church is located in this place.

Youth organizations

  * ലൂർദ് വോയിസ് (Lourde Nagar-Pulinchode)
  * Youth Wing Pulinchode

Transportation to Pulinchode

  * Nearest airport: Cochin International Airport, Kochi - 67 km
  * Nearest railway station: Thrissur - 29 km
  * Next closest railway station: Guruvayoor 7 km by road

Lourde Nagar-Pulinchode


Tallinn School No. 21

Tallinn School No. 21 is a secondary school in Tallinn, Estonia. The school was founded as the Tallinn kroonualgkool No. 21. The first schoolhouse was a wooden house on J. Poska 6a. In 1923–1924 as the number of students grew, a new schoolhouse was needed.

Schoolhouse

The schoolhouse is at Raua 6. The architect was Artur Perna

Education

The school provides both primary and secondary education. In the secondary stage (gymnasium) students can choose between real-sciences, English, and social and human sciences.

Notable alumni

  * Maarja-Liis Ilus
  * Piret Järvis
  * Veiko-Vello Palm
  * Märt Põder
  * Markus Robam
  * Artjom Savitski
  * Katrin Siska
  * Uku Suviste
  * Karl-Erik Taukar
  * Urve Tiidus
  * Igor Volke
  * Evelin Võigemast
  * Official website [Edit this at Wikidata]


Mill Hill (Concord, North Carolina)

Mill Hill near Concord, North Carolina is a historic house built by master craftsman Jacob Stirewalt in 1821. It includes Greek Revival and Federal architectural elements.

A number of its features, including a distinctive fireplace mantel, are documented in a North Carolina State University collection.Johnson-Neel House is also attributed to Stirewalt, due in part to its having a similar mantelpiece (and is also NRHP-listed).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.


Nyaruko: Crawling with Love

Nyaruko: Crawling with Love (這いよれ! ニャル子さん, Haiyore! Nyaruko-san, lit. Crawl Up! Nyaruko-san), also known as Nyaruko-san: Another Crawling Chaos, is a Japanese light novel series written by Manta Aisora and illustrated by Koin. It was inspired by H. P. Lovecraft's Cthulhu Mythos. The series' twelve volumes were published by Soft Bank Creative under their GA Bunko imprint between April 2009 and March 2014.

A flash-animated original video animation (OVA) by DLE titled Haiyore! Nyaruko was published in between October 2009 and March 2010, followed by a television series, Haiyore! Nyaruko: Remember My Mr. Lovecraft, which aired in Japan between December 2010 and February 2011. An anime television series by Xebec aired in Japan between April and June 2012 and a second season aired between April and June 2013. An OVA was released in 2015. Two manga adaptations have been produced. A video game adaptation, developed by 5pb. for PlayStation Vita was released in Japan in May 2013.

Synopsis

Main article: List of Nyaruko: Crawling with Love characters

The story of Haiyore! Nyaruko-san centers around Nyaruko, a formless Lovecraftian deity of chaos (Nyarlathotep) who can take on the shape of a seemingly cute silver-haired girl. Mahiro Yasaka is a normal high school boy who is being chased by a fearsome black alien one night, until Nyaruko saves him. She explains that the creatures from H. P. Lovecraft's works are actually races of aliens, and that she has been sent to Earth by the Space Defense Agency to protect him from being kidnapped by an alien trafficker. Aliens find Mahiro and the Earth strangely attractive, for entertainment, auction, or resources. One by one, the Great Old Ones land on Earth illegally. Eventually, Nyaruko and two other Lovecraftian creatures, Cthugha and Hastur, end up being freeloaders at Mahiro's place.

Publication


Nyaruko: Crawling with Love

Publication

Haiyore! Nyaruko-san began as a light novel series written by Manta Aisora with illustrations by Koin. The series, spanning twelve volumes, was published by Soft Bank Creative under their GA Bunko imprint between April 15, 2009, and March 17, 2014.GA Magazine.

Volume list

No.  Release date       ISBN

1    April 15, 2009     978-4-7973-5414-0
2    July 15, 2009      978-4-7973-5540-6
3    October 15, 2009   978-4-7973-5635-9
4    March 16, 2010     978-4-7973-5801-8
5    August 15, 2010    978-4-7973-6148-3
6    December 16, 2010  978-4-7973-6292-3
7    April 16, 2011     978-4-7973-6407-1
8    October 17, 2011   978-4-7973-6644-0
9    April 16, 2012     978-4-7973-6891-8
10   October 17, 2012   978-4-7973-7186-4
11   April 16, 2013     978-4-7973-7333-2
12   March 17, 2014     978-4-7973-7424-7

Media

Anime

See also: List of Nyaruko: Crawling With Love episodes

A Flash original video animation titled Haiyoru! Nyaruani (這いよる!ニャルアニ) was produced by DLE and directed by Azuma Tani. The first episode was streamed on October 23, 2009. Further episodes were published on December 19, 2010 on DVD as part of the GA Magazine Vol. 3.Haiyore! Nyaruko-san 4: Special Box (這いよれ!ニャル子さん4 スペシャルボックス, ISBN 978-4-7973-5782-0). The first eight episodes are about one to two minutes in length, while the final episode is about six minutes long.


Nyaruko: Crawling with Love

Another anime series titled Haiyoru! Nyaruani: Remember My Mr. Lovecraft (這いよる!ニャルアニ リメンバー・マイ・ラブ（クラフト先生）, Hayoru! Nyaruani: Rimenbā Mai Rabu(kurafuto-sensei)), also produced by DLE and directed by Azuma Tani, aired 11 episodes on BS11 Digital between December 11, 2010, and February 26, 2011.original video animation included with the Haiyoru! Nyaruani 1&2 Perfect Box, a DVD compilation containing both Flash anime series.

An anime television series produced by Xebec aired in Japan between April 10 and June 26, 2012.Crunchyroll streamed the series with English subtitles outside Asia, along with the two Flash series, under the name Nyarko-san: Another Crawling Chaos.original video animation based on the short story "Easy Way to Kill Enemies" (やさしい敵の仕留め方, Yasashii Teki no Shitome-kata) was offered to those who purchased all the BD/DVD volumes of the first season.NIS America licensed the series in North America and released on subtitled Blu-ray Disc on April 15, 2014.

A second season called Haiyore! Nyaruko-san W (這いよれ！ニャル子さんW) aired in Japan between April 8 and July 1, 2013,

An OVA Haiyore! Nyaruko-san F (這いよれ！ニャル子さんF) was released on June 19, 2015.

Music