In this July, 2016 photo, Japanese scientist Yoshinori Ohsumi smiles at the Tokyo Institute of Technology campus in Yokohama, south of Tokyo. Ohsumi was awarded this year&#x2019;s Nobel Prize in medicine on Monday, Oct. 3, for discoveries related to the degrading and recycling of cellular components. Photo: Akiko Matsushita/Kyodo News Via AP

 / Kyodo News