Citrus trees come from the Rutaceae plant family, and are native to Asia and India. These flowering trees are commonly added to the garden landscape for their white, ornamental flowers, as well as their sweet and sour fruits. Citrus trees thrive in tropical, subtropical and Mediterranean climates. The longevity and life span of your citrus tree depends on the tree’s health and vigor. With proper cultural care, your citrus tree is less likely to succumb to disease, and have a longer lifespan.
The average lifespan of a citrus tree is approximately 50 years. This age applies to both standard size and dwarf citrus. Trees begin producing fruits sometime during their second through fifth growing season, and continue to produce fruit throughout their lifespan. Healthy foliage is an indicator of fruit production. A tree with a lot of healthy foliage produces more fruit. If it is particularly healthy, it is possible for citrus trees to live as long as 100 years.
Planting in the Ground vs. Container Growing
Citrus trees planted in the ground tend to last and produce fruit longer than those grown in pots or containers. Potted citrus trees require additional maintenance and care to keep the trees healthy. Depending on a tree’s growth rate, you must increase the size of the growing container every 12 to 16 months. Failing to do so results in a stunted tree and root system, and overall poor health and vigor. Extend the life of your container-growing citrus tree by providing a new, larger pot and fresh soil annually.
A life-threatening and life-shortening disease called citrus greening, or Huanglongbing disease is a common bacterium that affects citrus plants and trees. Affected trees show symptoms of blotchy leaves and uneven dispersal of fruit growing on the tree. The fruit that is produced is misshapen and has a bitter taste. The symptoms of this disease are slow to present themselves, leaving you unaware that your tree is infected. Citrus trees infected with this disease typically die or require removal within three to five years of infection. Those that survive are left with a shortened lifespan; typically down from 50 years to 15.
Proper Cultural Care
The best way to increase the life of your citrus tree is to practice proper cultural care and keep up the maintenance of your tree. Plant your citrus tree in a well-draining, full sun area where the tree is sheltered from wind. Create a schedule of regular water and fertilization until the tree becomes established. Establishment times vary depending on the type of citrus you are growing. Once the tree is established, it requires little maintenance other than pruning to remove dead, broken and diseased limbs. Because citrus trees are self-shaping, they only require shaping to allow more sunlight to reach lower branches of the tree.
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