What are the advantages of space based telescopes?
Space-based telescopes have the advantage of being above the blurring effects of the Earth's atmosphere. In addition, there are many wavelengths from the electromagnetic spectrum that do not reach Earth because they are absorbed or reflected by the Earth's atmosphere. Only the wavelengths of visible light, a portion of infrared, and part of the radio wavelengths reach Earth. To observe other parts of the spectrum - ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays or infrared, telescopes have to be outside of Earth's atmosphere. Studying gamma-rays for example, helps astronomers learn more about things like blazars, gamma-ray bursts, pulsars and solar flares than would be possible with just optical telescopes. Similarly, studying x-rays gives invaluable information about the very hot regions of the universe such as exploded stars, clusters of galaxies, and the matter around black holes. The benefits of getting clean, unblurred optical images as well as the ability to observe other parts of the spectrum are worth the expense of putting telescopes in space.
Quais são as vantagens dos telescópios baseados no espaço?
Os telescópios baseados no espaço têm a vantagem de estarem acima dos efeitos de desfoque da atmosfera da Terra. Além disso, existem muitos comprimentos de onda do espectro eletromagnético que não chegam à Terra porque são absorvidos ou refletidos pela atmosfera da Terra. Somente os comprimentos de onda da luz visível, uma parte do infravermelho e parte dos comprimentos de onda de rádio chegam à Terra. Para observar outras partes do espectro - ultravioleta, raios X, raios gama ou infravermelho, os telescópios precisam estar fora da atmosfera da Terra.