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     <h3 class="title">
      <a name="charset-we-sets">
      </a>
      12.10.2 West European Character Sets
     </h3>
    </div>
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  <p>
   Western European character sets cover most West European
        languages, such as French, Spanish, Catalan, Basque, Portuguese,
        Italian, Albanian, Dutch, German, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian,
        Finnish, Faroese, Icelandic, Irish, Scottish, and English.
  </p>
  <div class="itemizedlist">
   <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
    <li class="listitem">
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       ascii
      </code>
      (US ASCII) collations:
     </p>
     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          ascii_bin
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          ascii_general_ci
         </code>
         (default)
        </p>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       cp850
      </code>
      (DOS West European) collations:
     </p>
     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          cp850_bin
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          cp850_general_ci
         </code>
         (default)
        </p>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       dec8
      </code>
      (DEC Western European) collations:
     </p>
     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          dec8_bin
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          dec8_swedish_ci
         </code>
         (default)
        </p>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
     <p>
      The
      <code class="literal">
       dec
      </code>
      character set is deprecated;
            expect support for it to be removed in a subsequent MySQL
            release.
     </p>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       hp8
      </code>
      (HP Western European) collations:
     </p>
     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          hp8_bin
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          hp8_english_ci
         </code>
         (default)
        </p>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
     <p>
      The
      <code class="literal">
       hp8
      </code>
      character set is deprecated;
            expect support for it to be removed in a subsequent MySQL
            release.
     </p>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       latin1
      </code>
      (cp1252 West European) collations:
     </p>
     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_bin
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_danish_ci
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_general_ci
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_general_cs
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_german1_ci
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_german2_ci
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_spanish_ci
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_swedish_ci
         </code>
         (default)
        </p>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
     <p>
      MySQL's
      <code class="literal">
       latin1
      </code>
      is the same as the Windows
      <code class="literal">
       cp1252
      </code>
      character set. This means it is
            the same as the official
      <code class="literal">
       ISO 8859-1
      </code>
      or
            IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)
      <code class="literal">
       latin1
      </code>
      , except that IANA
      <code class="literal">
       latin1
      </code>
      treats the code points between
      <code class="literal">
       0x80
      </code>
      and
      <code class="literal">
       0x9f
      </code>
      as
      <span class="quote">
       “
       <span class="quote">
        undefined,
       </span>
       ”
      </span>
      whereas
      <code class="literal">
       cp1252
      </code>
      ,
            and therefore MySQL's
      <code class="literal">
       latin1
      </code>
      , assign
            characters for those positions. For example,
      <code class="literal">
       0x80
      </code>
      is the Euro sign. For the
      <span class="quote">
       “
       <span class="quote">
        undefined
       </span>
       ”
      </span>
      entries in
      <code class="literal">
       cp1252
      </code>
      , MySQL translates
      <code class="literal">
       0x81
      </code>
      to Unicode
      <code class="literal">
       0x0081
      </code>
      ,
      <code class="literal">
       0x8d
      </code>
      to
      <code class="literal">
       0x008d
      </code>
      ,
      <code class="literal">
       0x8f
      </code>
      to
      <code class="literal">
       0x008f
      </code>
      ,
      <code class="literal">
       0x90
      </code>
      to
      <code class="literal">
       0x0090
      </code>
      , and
      <code class="literal">
       0x9d
      </code>
      to
      <code class="literal">
       0x009d
      </code>
      .
     </p>
     <p>
      The
      <code class="literal">
       latin1_swedish_ci
      </code>
      collation is the
            default that probably is used by the majority of MySQL
            customers. Although it is frequently said that it is based
            on the Swedish/Finnish collation rules, there are Swedes and
            Finns who disagree with this statement.
     </p>
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     <p>
      The
      <code class="literal">
       latin1_german1_ci
      </code>
      and
      <code class="literal">
       latin1_german2_ci
      </code>
      collations are based on
            the DIN-1 and DIN-2 standards, where DIN stands for
      <span class="emphasis">
       <em>
        <span class="phrase" lang="de">
         Deutsches Institut für
            Normung
        </span>
       </em>
      </span>
      (the German equivalent of ANSI).
            DIN-1 is called the
      <span class="quote">
       “
       <span class="quote">
        dictionary collation
       </span>
       ”
      </span>
      and
            DIN-2 is called the
      <span class="quote">
       “
       <span class="quote">
        phone book collation.
       </span>
       ”
      </span>
      For
            an example of the effect this has in comparisons or when
            doing searches, see
      <a class="xref" href="charset-collation-effect.html" title="12.8.6 Examples of the Effect of Collation">
       Section 12.8.6, “Examples of the Effect of Collation”
      </a>
      .
     </p>
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     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_german1_ci
         </code>
         (dictionary) rules:
        </p>
        <div class="copytoclipboard-wrapper">
         <pre class="programlisting language-none"><div class="docs-select-all right" id="sa99218899"><div class="copy-help left">Press ⌘+C to copy</div> <div class="right"><button class="clipboard-btn" title="Copy to Clipboard"><span class="icon-clipboard"></span></button></div></div><code class="language-none">Ä = A
Ö = O
Ü = U
ß = s</code></pre>
        </div>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          latin1_german2_ci
         </code>
         (phone-book) rules:
        </p>
        <div class="copytoclipboard-wrapper">
         <pre class="programlisting language-none"><div class="docs-select-all right" id="sa51125056"><div class="copy-help left">Press ⌘+C to copy</div> <div class="right"><button class="clipboard-btn" title="Copy to Clipboard"><span class="icon-clipboard"></span></button></div></div><code class="language-none">Ä = AE
Ö = OE
Ü = UE
ß = ss</code></pre>
        </div>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
     <p>
      In the
      <code class="literal">
       latin1_spanish_ci
      </code>
      collation,
      <code class="literal">
       ñ
      </code>
      (n-tilde) is a separate letter between
      <code class="literal">
       n
      </code>
      and
      <code class="literal">
       o
      </code>
      .
     </p>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       macroman
      </code>
      (Mac West European) collations:
     </p>
     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          macroman_bin
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          macroman_general_ci
         </code>
         (default)
        </p>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       macroroman
      </code>
      is deprecated; expect support
            for it to be removed in a subsequent MySQL release.
     </p>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <p>
      <code class="literal">
       swe7
      </code>
      (7bit Swedish) collations:
     </p>
     <div class="itemizedlist">
      <ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          swe7_bin
         </code>
        </p>
       </li>
       <li class="listitem">
        <p>
         <code class="literal">
          swe7_swedish_ci
         </code>
         (default)
        </p>
       </li>
      </ul>
     </div>
    </li>
   </ul>
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